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分散松香施胶剂性能影响因素的探讨 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
对逆转法制备分散松香施胶剂过程中的主要因素如乳化剂的种类及用量、马来松香加合物含量、搅拌转速、加料速度和乳化温度等系统地进行了探讨，提出了合理的工艺条件，并对实际生产中可能出现的问题及解决办法进行了阐述。 相似文献
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松香酰胺在中性造纸施胶中的应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用松香与异腈酸的酰经反应在１００－１５０℃下合成了三个松香酰胺，并应用它们到中性造纸松香乳酸，ＰＨ４－８的抄造试验表明这些松香衍生物在这个ＰＨ范围内具有高的施胶效果。松香酰结构与酰胺化度对施胶效果有很大的影响。 相似文献
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<正> 一、引言造纸工业是以纤维为原料的化学加工工业,它在国民经济中占有重要的地位。在制浆、抄纸这一整个造纸加工过程中,造纸化学助剂的用量虽少,但对于提高造纸的质量,增加纸张品种,提高收率,降低消耗,减少污染等均起着重要的作用。因此,世界各国对研究、开发和应用高效率、多功能、低消耗的造纸用精细化学品普遍予以高度的重视。而在这一领域,我国无论是产品的品种或者数量都与国外相差很大,总的水平与先进发达国家相比大约落后了十至二十年。随着今后国内造纸工业的发展,在这一领域将会有许多研究课题值得引起重视。 相似文献
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QUANTITATIVE ESTERIFICATION OF ROSIN BY REACTION OF SODIUM ROSINATE WITH ALKYL HALIDES 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
应用松香钠盐和卤代烃的反应在１１０℃于Ｎ－甲基吡咯酮中定量合成了各种松香酯。依卤代烃结构的差异，酯化时间在３０～２４００ｍｉｎ之间 相似文献
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循环活气法蒸馏松脂的研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
采用克莱森(Claisen)蒸馏烧瓶为蒸馏器、CO2或N2为活气进行松脂蒸馏的研究，考察了活气流量、蒸馏压力、蒸馏终温、活气温度及不同活气种类对松脂蒸馏的影响。结果表明，每生产1kg松香较适宜的松脂蒸馏条件是CO2流量0．14—0．16m^3／h、蒸馏压力12．67—20．80kPa、蒸馏终温185-190℃，活气温度及活气种类对松脂蒸馏影响差异不大，而且由于松脂馏出物组分的沸点和含量不同，因此CO2流量为0．10—0．16m^3／h、蒸馏温度为80-185℃的操作序列的蒸馏效果较好。根据实验结果设计了CO2或N2循环活气法蒸馏松脂的概念工艺流程。由于CO2或N2在蒸馏过程中没有发生相变化，从而节省了传统工艺用过热水蒸气作活气时的相变热，因此生产每吨松香的能耗减少了1．663—2．034GJ，节约冷却水7．986—9．762m^3，减省了油水分离器、盐滤器和大型过热水蒸气锅炉的建造费用，而且循环活气法蒸馏松脂所得的产品不含水分，松香无结晶现象，松节油透明无混浊，蒸馏过程无三废产生，是一种清洁的生产方法。 相似文献
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松香酸酯用于中性施胶的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
合成了４种松香酯用于中性施胶。探讨了松香酯结构与施胶性能的关系,研究了施胶条件对香酯施胶效能的影响。松香酯在中,碱性条件下表现了优良的施胶效率。 相似文献
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R. Perrin 《Forest Pathology》1984,14(6):321-325
Variability of Fagus sylvatica susceptibility to Nectria coccinca, one of the agents of beech bark disease . N. coccinea was inoculated into wounds of young beeches raised from seeds of 6 bark diseased trees and 6 healthy ones in the same stand of the forest of Lyons. Classifieation of the progenies, according to the size of the necrosis, is in good agreement with the health of the mother trees. N. coccinca susceptibility of beech has a genetic origin. 相似文献
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作为维尼纶合成中的载体活性炭，其强度和孔径分布要求十分严格，所以需要使用椰壳活性炭。本研究的目的就是制造一种活性炭来代替它。实验证明，松根炭制成的活性炭可以作为载体活性炭。其关键是粘结剂、辅助试剂和活化条件的选择。 相似文献
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大叶榕大枝干的扦插繁殖技术试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用大叶榕Ficusvirens直径10～30cm、长180～250cm的大枝干作为插条，进行了不同季节、不同插条规格、不同生根剂处理及不同光照下的扦插繁殖比较试验。结果表明：夏季用直径为10～15cm、长180cm的插条，用ABT-1生根粉处理后在50％遮荫网下进行扦插，成活率最高的可达86．2％。 相似文献
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Upgrading of urea formaldehyde-bonded reed and wheat straw particleboards using silane coupling agents 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Guangping Han Changwu Zhang Dongmei Zhang Kenji Umemura Shuichi Kawai 《Journal of Wood Science》1998,44(4):282-286
Reed and wheat straw particleboards bonded with urea formaldehyde (UF) resin were manufactured from two different material configurations (i.e., fine and coarse particles). The board densities were in the range of 0.550–.90g/cm3. The effects of particle size and board density on the board properties were examined. The properties of particleboard produced from fine particles were better than those made from coarse particles. An increase in board density resulted in a corresponding improvement in the board properties. The properties of OF bonded reed and wheat straw particleboards were relatively lower than those of commercial particleboards. Three silane coupling agents were used to improve the bondability between the reed and wheat particles and OF resin. Results of this study indicate that all the board properties were improved by the addition of silane coupling agent. The degree of improvement achieved from each coupling agent was different; epoxide silane was found to be more effective for reed straw particleboard, and amino silane was better for wheat straw particleboard. 相似文献
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Lang-Dong Lin Ching-Min Hsieh Been-Huang Chiang Ming-Jer Tsai 《Journal of Wood Science》2007,53(2):121-126
Modified atmosphere and humidity (MAH) agents were developed to manipulate the gas composition and humidity for controlling
the foxing of paper materials during storage. Sodium ascorbate, sodium carbonate decahydrate, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate,
and silica gel were selected as the basic ingredients to formulate the MAH agents that could effectively remove oxygen, release
carbon dioxide, and control the relative humidity (RH). With all the MAH agents developed in our study, RH was reduced and
maintained without decreasing the MAH efficiency. To evaluate the inhibition of microorganisms on antique paper by MAH agents,
the properties of Wikstroemia papers were measured after accelerated aging and inoculation with Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium citrinum. Under high (90%) or low (50%) RH conditions, as long as MAH agents were used, even after 80 days, the color difference value
of Wikstroemia paper was kept below 1.5 and foxing was not found. Paper packaged without MAH agents and under RH as high as
90% showed a substantial color difference in 60 days. Snowflake-like foxing was also found by ultraviolet light inspection.
Wikstroemia paper inoculated with P. citrinum without an MAH agent showed a significant color difference in 80 days. 相似文献
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Small-scale plantation forestry is likely to have a number of discrete agents contributing endowments to the production function.
In this paper it is argued that the traditional methods of economic organisation used in plantation forestry may not be appropriate
for achieving the objectives of the venture partners so alternative methods may be required. A strategic alliance model for small-scale plantation ventures in north Queensland is developed, which has multi-nodal features and which incorporate
vertical and horizontal alliances. The core alliance is vertical and involves seven potential primary factors of production
necessary for a successful forestry venture (namely land, labour, capital, silviculture skills, marketing skills, harvesting
and processing skills and government). The strategic alliance model also incorporates horizontal alliances because each partner
may participate in a network with other like partners within their field, therefore representing economies of size or scale
alliances. The proposed model recognises the importance of minimising transaction costs, building trust, promoting sound corporate
governance and ensuring continuing information exchanges between partners are being the factors behind successful alliances. 相似文献
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The introduction of three killing agents (propylene glycol, DDVP and water) inside perforated probe traps was evaluated for their efficiency in trapping Coieoptera adults infesting stored cereals. The experiment was carried out in nine steel bins containing wheat, located in Central Greece, in August 1997. For the most of the 26 beetle species found, no significant differences were observed among treatments. ForSitophilus spp.,Typhaea stercorea, Aloasverns advena, Oryzae-philus surinamensis, Latheticus oryzae, Palorns ratzeburgii, P. subdepressus, andTenebroides mauritanicus, significantly less adults were found in the control traps (with no killing agent). Significant differences among three killing agents were observed only forT. stercorea andT. mauritanicus. Given that the traps supplied with killing agents were found to contain adults even in locations where control traps did not, is concluded that the addition of killing agents has increased the detection sensitivity of traps. 相似文献
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Liu Mei-qin Chen Yi-yin Lu Cun-fu Zhang Hui Yin Wei-lun 《中国林学(英文版)》2007,9(3):203-207
Ammopiptanthus mongolicus, the only freezing tolerant evergreen broad-leaved shrub, local species of the Alashan desert, northwest sand area of China, can survive -30°C or even lower temperature in winter. In the present study, the secondary products phenolics in A. mongolicus cotyledons were determined to study the effects of phenolics on cold tolerance. Cytochemical localization of phenolics in cotyledon cells was observed by electron microscopy and the content of phenolic compounds was assayed by spec-trophotometric measurement. The results showed that the freezing tolerance of A. mongolicus seedlings increased after acclimation at 2-6°C for 14 days, which accompanied the increase of the content of phenolic compounds in cotyledons. Cytochemical observation showed that phenolic deposits were mainly localized in vacuoles and in close proximity to tonoplast, and also in the cytoplasm. The amount and the size of phenolics droplets increased obviously in cytoplasm and vacuoles after cold acclimation, predominantly ag-gregated along membranes of vacuoles and tonoplast. No phenolic deposits were found in cell walls. As hydrogen-or elec-tron-donating agents, phenolics may protect plant cells against reactive oxygen species formed during chilling or freezing stress and improve the freezing tolerance of cold-acclimated A. mongolicus seedlings. 相似文献
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采用5％溴氰菊酯乳油、苏云金杆菌生物杀虫粉、白僵菌粉剂等几种药剂开展了松毛虫(Dendrolimus tabulaeformis)防治试验,比较了各药剂的防治效果、林间其他生物的安全性及防控效果的持续性等,结果表明:5％溴氰菊酯乳油可以快速发挥出灭杀松毛虫的效果,而苏云金杆菌生物杀虫粉、白僵菌粉剂2种生物药剂的防治效果... 相似文献