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1.
用药敏纸片法对鸡白痢沙门氏杆菌、大肠杆菌进行了体外抑菌试验，结果表明，“菌痢清”对鸡白痢沙门氏杆菌、大肠杆菌有较强的杀灭作用，抑菌圈直径分别为３９．５ｍｍ、３８．０ｍｍ；优于痢特灵（３０．５ｍｍ、３４．０ｍｍ）；对雏鸡白痢沙门氏杆菌的防治试验结果表明，对雏鸡白痢的预防保护率为９０．９％，治愈率为９５．８％，显著高于痢特灵（Ｐ〈０．０５）。 相似文献
2.
陕西省鸡胚源性大肠杆菌的分离鉴定 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
从陕西关中六个种鸡场的１９８只死胚及出壳弱雏中分离出９８株大肠杆菌,平均分离率为４９．５％。通过小鸡致病力试验,筛选出６３株具有致病力的菌株,占分离菌的６４．３％。生化鉴定表明,这些致病菌均符合大肠埃希氏菌的生化特性。血清型鉴定可确定６种,其中以Ｏ１、Ｏ２、Ｏ７８为主,分别占鉴定菌的４４．４％（２８／６３）、３３．３％（２１／６３）和９．５％（６／６３）,另三种为Ｏ２２、Ｏ７５、Ｏ８９共占８．０％（５／６３）。有３株未定型,占４．８％（３／６３）。用１６种抗生素进行药敏试验,对先锋霉素Ｖ和恩诺沙星高度敏感,对羧苄青霉素、氨苄青霉素、氯霉素、卡那霉素、磺胺嘧啶、新霉素、链霉素中度敏感。 相似文献
3.
从湖北１０余个先后暴发以气囊炎、心胞炎、肝周炎为主要症状的鸡场中分离到致病菌，经培养、生化鉴定确认为大肠杆菌。对其中２２株血清型鉴定，有８株为Ｏ＿（７８），占待检件的３７．４％，２株为Ｏ＿（６８）／１３８，占待检株的９．１％，Ｏ＿２、Ｏ＿７、Ｏ＿（１１）、Ｏ＿（２０）、Ｏ＿（５７）、Ｏ＿（６０）、Ｏ＿（１４７），各一株，５株未定型。 相似文献
4.
广东省仔猪腹泻大肠杆菌血清型鉴定 总被引：15，自引：1，他引：14
从广东省１２个猪场的１０７头腹泻仔猪的直肠和肠系膜淋巴结以及４个猪场的２２头母猪的泌尿生殖器官分别分离出１１８株和４０株大肠杆菌。分离菌的８６．０８％（１３６／１５８）对昆明系小鼠有毒力,２４．５％（２５／１０２）产生耐热肠毒素（ＳＴ）。经３４种大肠杆菌单价Ｏ抗原血清鉴定,１３４株分离菌中有２６种血清型,其中Ｏ１１９、Ｏ６０、Ｏ７５、Ｏ１４１、Ｏ２０、Ｏ８和Ｏ１０１为优势血清型。Ｏ１１９和Ｏ７５作为猪源致病性大肠杆菌优势血清型在我国较少报道。尚有２４株未能定型,占分离菌株的１５．２％（２４／１５８）。 相似文献
5.
湖北省鸡源致病性大肠杆菌某些生物学特性研究 总被引：20，自引：1，他引：19
从湖北省１０余个先后暴发以气囊炎，心胞炎，肝周炎为主要症状的鸡场中分离到病菌，经培养，生化鉴定确认为大肠杆菌，对其中２２株血清型鉴定，有８株为Ｏ７８，占待检株的３７．４％，２株为Ｏ５８／１３８，占待检株的９．１％，Ｏ２，Ｏ７，Ｏ１１，Ｏ２２，Ｏ５７，Ｏ６０，Ｏ１４７各一株，５株未定型。 相似文献
6.
在九龙坡区白市驿、陶家、金风、含谷、走马镇的25个养鸭场（户），对鸭的大肠杆菌和沙门氏杆菌感染进行流行病学、临床症状、病理变化调查和实验室诊断，结果从病死鸭分离到Ⅰ-Ⅶ12株细菌，其中Ⅰ-Ⅵ菌株为大肠埃希氏菌Ⅶ-Ⅶ菌株为沙门氏杆菌。药敏试验结果表明：分离菌对头孢噻肟、头孢他啶的敏感率为100％，阿米卡星、妥布霉素和奥格门丁，其敏感率为75％，庆大霉素为66．67％，而对红霉素、克拉霉素的耐药率达100％；卡那霉素、链霉素和四环素的耐药率也达83．3％；且分离到的12株菌都具有多重耐药，以Ⅱ菌株最强，在26种抗菌药物中对22种产生耐药性，耐药率达84．62％，次为Ⅵ和Ⅷ菌株80．77％（21／26）；Ⅹ菌株为65．39％（17／26），Ⅶ菌株为57．69％（15／26），最低的Ⅲ和Ⅸ菌株也达15．39％（4／26），可见在这一地区鸭的大肠杆菌和沙门氏杆菌的多重耐药已相当普遍。 相似文献
7.
鸡大肠杆菌病病原分离与鉴定 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
通过在甘肃及西北部分地区进行鸡大肠杆菌病流行病学调查,采集病料１２０份,分出大肠杆菌１０５株,分离率为８５％。对２６株大肠杆菌进行了血清型鉴定出血清型１０个,其中血清型Ｏ７８、Ｏ１、Ｏ２、Ｏ１１４占受检菌株的７６．９２％。 相似文献
8.
鸡胚源致病性大肠埃希氏菌的分离鉴定 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
在江苏五个种鸡场，从孵化后期死亡的１８６枚鸡胚及８４羽出壳弱雏中分主了出９９株大肠埃希氏菌，死胚分离率为３６．８１％，出壳弱雏分离率为４６．４３％。分离菌中有５０株对昆明（ＫＭ）小鼠具有强毒力，对其进行大肠杆菌Ｏ群抗原鉴定，共有１５种血清型，Ｏ１１、Ｏ８１及Ｏ１１５为优势血清型，其余为Ｏ３、Ｏ４、Ｏ１８、Ｏ２６、Ｏ３６、Ｏ６０、Ｏ７５、Ｏ９３、Ｏ１０３、Ｏ１１４、Ｏ１１３其中Ｏ３、Ｏ１８、Ｏ３６、 相似文献
9.
用特异的大肠杆菌热敏感毒素（ＬＴ）和热稳定毒素（ＳＴ）标记的基因探针，以硝酸纤维素薄膜为载体，对从猪、鸡玢离的大肠杆菌进行杂交。结果表明，在从猪分离的４８株大肠杆菌中，分离自黄痢的３５株、分离自白痢的２株，分离自ＳＰＦ猪粪便的６株均产ＬＴ和ＳＴ；分离自长期拉稀的育成小僵猪粪便的５株中，只有４株产ＬＴ和ＳＴ，１株既不产ＬＴ也不产ＳＴ。从鸡分离的２８株大肠杆菌中，分离自雏鸡的１４株ＬＴ阳性率为８６％， 相似文献
10.
湖北省鸡大肠杆菌病流行情况调查及病原分离鉴定 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
湖北省２９个养鸡场的１３６８１０只鸡在１９９２－１９９６年大肠杆菌病的发病率为２６．４％,死亡率为８．７％。从病死鸡分离出１８株大肠埃希氏菌,主要血清型Ｏ７８,Ｏ２和Ｏ１,分别占鉴定菌株的３８．８％,１６．７％和１１．０％,分离菌株肉汤培养物接种小白鼠和４日龄雏鸡,可使５０％以上小白鼠在２ｄ内死亡;３０％以上雏鸡在７ｄ内死亡,剖检存活鸡可见典型的大肠杆菌病病变。 相似文献
11.
12.
对罗斯鸡和 Ｓ Ｐ Ｆ来航鸡用鸡毒支原体强毒攻击时,以鸡致病性大肠杆菌 Ｏ７ ８ 血清型菌株 １６ 小时培养物 ０２ｍ ｌ／羽皮下注射作人工诱导发病,试验鸡出现明显气囊病变,初步建立了以鸡致病性大肠杆菌为诱导因子的 Ｍ Ｇ 野外环境人工发病的动物模型。以此开放模型检测 Ｓ Ｐ Ｆ来航鸡以鸡毒支原体 Ｓ６ 克隆致弱株 Ｆ１５６ 代培养物点眼、滴鼻免疫后 ３０ 日、６０ 日龄的攻毒保护率,结果保护率分别达 ９０％ （１８／２０）、８４％ （４２／５０）,而对照组为 ３０％ （６／２０）、５０％ （１５／３０）,中期免疫效果证明,鸡毒支原体 Ｓ６ 克隆致弱株有良好的免疫保护作用。 相似文献
13.
Avian pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli cause a number of extraintestinal diseases in poultry, including airsacculitis and colisepticemia. Expression of O78 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is frequently associated with pathogenic isolates. Salmonella, a common poultry contaminant, is a major public health concern. The purpose of this work was to develop an E. coli vaccine for poultry with the use of an attenuated Salmonella typhimurium carrier that would benefit both the bird and the consumer. Orally administered attenuated S. typhimurium delta cya delta crp strains have been shown to provide excellent protection against wild-type Salmonella challenge in chickens. This work describes the construction of a delta cya delta crp derivative of an avian pathogenic S. typhimurium that expresses both the homologous group B determinants (O1,4,5,12) and the heterologous E. coli O78 LPS O antigens. This was accomplished by inserting the E. coli rfb region, which encodes the genes required for O78 expression, into the chromosomal cya gene of S. typhimurium, creating a defined deletion/insertion mutation. A delta crp mutation was introduced in a subsequent step. Expression of both O antigens was stable in vitro and in vivo. Vaccination of white leghorn chicks at day of hatch and 14 days with the recombinant vaccine strain induced serum immune responses against both S. typhimurium and E. coli LPS and protected the birds against subsequent challenge with an avian pathogenic E. coli O78 strain. Introduction of a mutation in rfc, which encodes the O antigen polymerase, reduced the chain length of the S. typhimurium LPS without affecting the expression of O78. The rfc mutation further enhanced the ability of the vaccine strain to protect chickens against E. coli challenge. 相似文献
14.
动物性食品源大肠杆菌O血清型鉴定及其K88菌毛基因检测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本研究对河北省冀东地区农贸市场和超市采集的生猪肉、生鸡蛋和生羊肉等分离得到的20株大肠杆菌进行大肠杆菌血清型鉴定;并检测不同血清型大肠杆菌的K88菌毛基因。采用常规方法进行大肠杆菌的O血清型鉴定,用PCR方法检测K88菌毛基因。分离鉴定的20株大肠杆菌有7种血清型,包括O38、O78、O88、O11、O107、O91、O9,其中O38、O78为优势血清型菌,均占分离菌株的25%(5/20)。在分离的动物性食品源大肠杆菌中有30%(6/20)的菌株K88菌毛基因扩增呈阳性。结果表明,O78、O38为冀东地区动物性食品源大肠杆菌常见血清型,30%(6/20)的菌株K88菌毛基因扩增阳性。 相似文献
15.
为控制大肠埃希菌病的危害,对从陕西某种鸡场分离鉴定的20株鸡大肠埃希菌进行了血清型调查,结果O2型5株、O6型3株、O78型4株,未定型8株,表明鸡场的大肠埃希菌有了新的流行菌株O6出现。用定型的分离菌株研制的自家灭活菌苗免疫接种雏鸡,7 d后可检测到抗体,14 d产生免疫保护力。29日龄二免,90 d后抗体水平仍在5log2以上。119日龄三免,免疫后5个月抗体水平仍维持较高,但6个月后,抗体水平已在5 log2以下,失去保护力。通过3年的应用,该场种鸡大肠埃希菌病的平均死亡率由6.7%下降至1.6%,雏鸡死亡率由4.2%下降至1.8%,差异极显著(P<0.01)。 相似文献
16.
The aims of this study were to investigate the incidence of Salmonella, verocytotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VTEC)/Escherichia coli O157 and Campylobacter on four mixed farms and to characterize the isolates in terms of a range of virulence factors. Eighty-nine composite (five different samples from the same animal species combined) faecal [cattle (24), pigs (14), sheep (4), poultry (4), horses (7), deer (4), dogs (9), rodents (2) and wild birds (20)] samples, 16 composite soil samples plus 35 individual water samples were screened using culture-based, immunomagnetic separation and molecular methods. Salmonella was detected in bovine faeces, cattle and poultry house water. Salmonella serotypes/phage types included Dublin, Kiel and Typhimurium DT193, and most isolates were spvC, invA and rck positive. The pefA and rck genes were found exclusively in the non-Typhimurium strains, while Salmonella Dublin and Salmonella Kiel strains carried Salmonella genomic island I marker(s). VTEC/E. coli O157 were found in deer and dog faeces only. The E. coli O157 isolate was an enteroinvasive E. coli, while the VTEC isolate was untypable but carried the vt1, eaeA, hlyA, tir and eptD genes. This article reports the first confirmed carriage of E. coli O157 in Irish deer. Campylobacter species were not detected over the course of this study. It was concluded that [1] Salmonella, VTEC and Campylobacter have low (<5%) prevalence or are absent on the farms in this study; [2] water was an important source of bacterial pathogens; [3] both dogs and deer may act as a source of pathogenic E. coli and [4] key virulence and resistance determinants are widespread in farm Salmonella strains. This study highlights the need to control water as a source of pathogens and suggests that the domestic pets and deer should be considered in any farm risk assessment. 相似文献
17.
Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli strains are associated with a variety of extraintestinal poultry diseases, including airsacculitis, colisepticemia, and cellulitis. A number of E. coli serotypes are associated with these diseases, although the most prevalent serotype is O78. Fimbrial proteins expressed by these strains appear to be important virulence factors, including type 1 fimbriae, P fimbriae, and curli. We have been working to develop an effective vaccine to protect chickens against these diseases. We have previously shown that an attenuated Salmonella typhimurium strain expressing O78 lipopolysaccharide provides protection against challenge with an O78 avian pathogenic E. coli strain. In this work, we have constructed an attenuated S. typhimurium that expresses both the O78 lipopolysaccharide and E. coli-derived type 1 fimbriae. In these studies, chickens were vaccinated at day of hatch and again at 2 wk of age. Birds were challenged at 4 wk of age. We found that the vaccine candidate provided significant protection against airsacculitis as compared to untreated controls or birds vaccinated with an attenuated S. typhimurium that did not express any E. coli antigens. In a separate experiment, challenged vaccinates showed significant weight gain compared to challenged nonvaccinates. We were not able to demonstrate protection against E. coli O1 or O2 serotype challenge, nor against challenge with wild-type S. typhimurium. 相似文献
18.
从珠三角某鸽场病死鸽中无菌操作采取心血、肝脏、脑、脾脏,接种于麦氏培养基和木糖—赖氨酸—脱氧胆酸琼脂培养基,经细菌纯化、镜检、生化试验、PCR检测和药敏试验,结果显示30只病鸽有8只分离到沙门氏菌,阳性率为26.7%;10只分离到大肠杆菌,阳性率为33.3%;其中6只同时分离到沙门氏菌和大肠杆菌,混合感染率为20.0%。经病毒分离培养、PCR检测,结果显示从6个混合样品中分离到5株副黏病毒,分离率为83.3%。结果表明,该鸽场鸽群发生了副黏病毒、沙门氏菌、大肠杆菌混合感染。本试验对珠三角鸽场近年较常发生的、以乳鸽较严重发病死亡的典型疫情作了较明确的诊断。 相似文献
19.
The objective was to test the hypothesis that vaccine strains of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) induce nonspecific immunity against subsequent infection with Escherichia coli. White leghorn chickens at 5 wk of age were vaccinated with a NDV vaccine at various days before challenge exposure with O1:K1 strain of E. coli via an intra-air sac route. Immunity was determined on the basis of the viable number of E. coli in the spleen 24 hr after the infection. Roakin strain induced significant (P < 0.05) immunity against E. coli at 4, 6, and 8 days, and La Sota strain at 2, 4, and 8 days, postvaccination. Secondary NDV vaccination administered 14 days later failed to induce immunity against E. coli when chickens were infected 1 or 5 days after the vaccination. Significant (P < 0.05) suppression of this nonspecific immunity was observed in birds treated with corticosterone, 40 mg/kg in feed, given for three consecutive days immediately prior to the bacterial exposure but not in those treated prior to the period. The results indicate that innate immunity induced by the primary NDV vaccination may significantly suppress the multiplication of E. coli in chickens for a period of 2-8 days postvaccination. The NDV-induced immunity was inhibited by corticosterone, which is known to mediate physiological responses to stress. 相似文献
20.
为探明仔猪细菌性腹泻肠道致病性大肠埃希氏菌和沙门氏菌流行的血清型、耐药表型及耐药基因型,本试验采集了贵州省5个地（州）市7个规模化养猪场的128份腹泻仔猪肠道样本,并对采集的样本进行了大肠埃希氏菌和沙门氏菌分离与鉴定,通过动物试验鉴定菌株的致病性,利用血清学方法鉴定其血清型,并通过药敏纸片法对主要致病菌进行耐药性研究,采用PCR技术检测各致病菌株耐药相关基因,分析细菌耐药表型和耐药基因型相关性。结果显示,本研究共分离鉴定到78株致病性大肠埃希氏菌与21株沙门氏菌,致病性大肠埃希氏菌血清型以O138、O87为主,沙门氏菌血清型以鼠伤寒沙门氏菌、肠炎沙门氏菌居多;药敏试验结果表明,本试验分离到的78株致病性大肠埃希氏菌对β-内酰胺类药物耐药率达80%以上,对其他种类的抗菌药耐药率均超过40%,分离鉴定的21株沙门氏菌对氨基糖苷类药物耐药率达50%以上,对其他种类的抗菌药耐药率均达20%以上;本试验分离鉴定的致病性大肠埃希氏菌共检出12种耐药相关基因,沙门氏菌共检出10种耐药相关基因,两种细菌耐药基因型与耐药表型符合率均达60%以上,且均为多重耐药。本研究为仔猪腹泻的综合防控提供了理论依据。 相似文献