共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
M G Currie D M Geller B R Cole N R Siegel K F Fok S P Adams S R Eubanks G R Galluppi P Needleman 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1984,223(4631):67-69
Mammalian cardiac atria have several biologically active peptides that exert profound effects on sodium excretion, urine volume, and smooth muscle tone. In the present study two such peptides of low molecular weight were purified and separated from each other on the basis of differences in charge, hydrophobicity, and biological profile. The first peptide, designated atriopeptin I, exhibits natriuretic and diuretic activity and selectivity relaxes intestinal smooth muscle but not vascular smooth muscle strips. The second peptide, atriopeptin II, is a potent natriuretic and diuretic that relaxes both intestinal and vascular strips. Sequence analysis of atriopeptin I indicates that it is composed of 21 amino acids, of which serine and glycine residues predominate. The amino terminal sequence of atriopeptin II up to residue 21 is the same as that of atriopeptin I, with the addition of the Phe-Arg extension at the carboxyl terminus. Both peptides appear to be derived from a common high molecular weight precursor (designated atriopeptigen); their biological selectivity and potency may be determined by the site of carboxyl terminal cleavage. 相似文献
2.
J C Burnett P C Kao D C Hu D W Heser D Heublein J P Granger T J Opgenorth G S Reeder 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1986,231(4742):1145-1147
A sensitive radioimmunoassay for atrial natriuretic peptide was used to examine the relation between circulating atrial natriuretic peptide and cardiac filling pressure in normal human subjects, in patients with cardiovascular disease and normal cardiac filling pressure, and in patients with cardiovascular disease and elevated cardiac filling pressure with and without congestive heart failure. The present studies establish a normal range for atrial natriuretic peptide in normal human subjects. These studies also establish that elevated cardiac filling pressure is associated with increased circulating concentrations of atrial natriuretic peptide and that congestive heart failure is not characterized by a deficiency in atrial natriuretic peptide, but with its elevation. 相似文献
3.
D Schwartz D M Geller P T Manning N R Siegel K F Fok C E Smith P Needleman 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1985,229(4711):397-400
Vasopressin induces a concentration-dependent increase in atriopeptin immunoreactivity in plasma. Rat plasma, rat atrial extract, and synthetic atriopeptin III (APIII) produced parallel displacement curves of iodine-125-labeled APIII binding to specific antiserum. Fractionation of plasma atriopeptin immunoreactivity by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography showed that the major portion consists of two species of low molecular weight peptides in a ratio of 10 to 1. Both peaks exhibited potent vasorelaxant activity, suggesting the presence of the carboxyl terminal Phe-Arg sequence of atriopeptin in each species. Sequence determination of the purified peptides indicated that the major peptide is Ser-Leu-Arg-Arg-APIII and the minor peptide APIII. It appears that the former is the major species of atrial peptide in the rat circulation and that it is the product of selective cleavage of the high molecular weight precursor. 相似文献
4.
Vasopressin-stimulated release of atriopeptin: endocrine antagonists in fluid homeostasis 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
P T Manning D Schwartz N C Katsube S W Holmberg P Needleman 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1985,229(4711):395-397
Administration of pharmacological doses of arginine-vasopressin, related peptides, and other pressor agents induced a profound release of atriopeptin immunoreactivity into the circulation. The stimulated release of atriopeptin apparently was related to increased arterial blood pressure. Neither the nonpressor vasopressin analog 1-deamino-D-Arg8-vasopressin nor arginine-vasopressin in the presence of a specific pressor antagonist caused atriopeptin to be released into the circulation. Urine output was correlated with the level of atriopeptin released. Physiological levels of arginine-vasopressin suppress diuresis and produced vasoconstriction. Pharmacological levels of the hormone stimulated the cardiac endocrine system to release atriopeptin, which may cause diuresis and vasodilation to physiologically antagonize the effects of vasopressin. 相似文献
5.
Inhibition of vasopressin action by atrial natriuretic factor 总被引：21，自引：0，他引：21
Atrial natriuretic factor results in diuresis in animals and humans, perhaps because atrial natriuretic factor increases renal blood flow. The possibility that this diuresis is due to direct inhibition of renal tubular epithelial water transport was examined in rabbit collecting tubules perfused in vitro. Atriopeptin III inhibition of the hydraulic conductivity response to the hormone arginine vasopressin but not to either 3'5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate or forskolin was found. These results suggest that atriopeptin III acts proximal to cyclic adenosine monophosphate formation to directly affect vasopressin-stimulated water transport in the mammalian nephron. They also suggest a potential role for inhibition by atrial natriuretic factor of the renal response to arginine vasopressin as a contributor to a diuretic state. 相似文献
6.
Hypoxic dilation of coronary arteries is mediated by ATP-sensitive potassium channels 总被引：44，自引：0，他引：44
J Daut W Maier-Rudolph N von Beckerath G Mehrke K Günther L Goedel-Meinen 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1990,247(4948):1341-1344
The function of the heart depends critically on an adequate oxygen supply through the coronary arteries. Coronary arteries dilate when the intravascular oxygen tension decreases. Hypoxic vasodilation in isolated, perfused guinea pig hearts can be prevented by glibenclamide, a blocker of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-sensitive potassium channels, and can be mimicked by cromakalim, which opens ATP-sensitive potassium channels. Opening of potassium channels in coronary smooth muscle cells and the subsequent drop in intracellular calcium is probably the major cause of hypoxic and ischemic vasodilation in the mammalian heart. 相似文献
7.
Inhibition of aldosterone production by an atrial extract 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
K Atarashi P J Mulrow R Franco-Saenz R Snajdar J Rapp 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1984,224(4652):992-994
Crude extracts of rat atria reduced the basal amount of aldosterone released from rat zona glomerulosa cells and partially inhibited aldosterone stimulation by adrenocorticotropic hormone and angiotensin II. The destruction of this activity by trypsin suggests that the active factor is a peptide, possibly atrial natriuretic factor. These data suggest that atrial natriuretic factor affects sodium excretion by the kidneys both directly and through the inhibition of aldosterone production. 相似文献
8.
J E Chimoskey W S Spielman M A Brandt S R Heidemann 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1984,223(4638):820-822
The hearts of 220-day-old hamsters of the BIO 14.6 strain are deficient in atrial natriuretic factor; saline extracts of atria produce one-third the natriuretic and diuretic effects of extracts of atria from age-matched normal hamsters. BIO 14.6 hamsters are known to develop congestive heart failure with edema when they are about 200 days old, and the venous congestion and edema are preventable by parabiosis with normal hamsters. The humoral mediator, the deficiency of which causes venous congestion and edema in BIO 14.6 hamsters, may be atrial natriuretic factor. 相似文献
9.
Atrial natriuretic factor: a hormone produced by the heart 总被引：47，自引：0，他引：47
A J de Bold 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1985,230(4727):767-770
Systematic studies on the significance of the secretory-like morphological characteristic of cardiac atrial muscle cells of mammals led to the finding that these cells produce a polypeptide hormone. This hormone, described in 1981 as atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), is diuretic (natriuretic), hypotensive, and has an inhibitory effect on renin and aldosterone secretion. Thus, ANF probably intervenes in the short- and long-term control of water and electrolyte balance and of blood pressure. Phylogenetically, ANF appears early, suggesting different functions for this peptide in accordance with each species' environment. Knowledge of the properties of the hormone should provide insights into the pathophysiology of important clinical entities and lead to the development of new pharmaceutical products. 相似文献
10.
Coexistence of guanylate cyclase and atrial natriuretic factor receptor in a 180-kD protein 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) is a peptide hormone that is released from atria and regulates a number of physiological processes, including steroidogenesis in adrenal cortex and testes. The parallel stimulation of membrane guanylate cyclase and corticosterone production in isolated fasciculata cells of rat adrenal cortex has supported the hypothesis of a mediatory role for cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cyclic GMP) in signal transduction. A novel particulate guanylate cyclase tightly coupled with ANF receptor was purified approximately 273,000-fold by two-step affinity chromatography. The enzyme had a molecular size of 180 kilodaltons and was acidic in nature with a pI of 4.7. Its specific activity was 1800 nanomoles of cyclic GMP formed per minute per milligram of protein. The purified enzyme bound ANF with a specific binding activity of 4.01 nanomoles per milligram of protein, a value that is close to the theoretical binding activity of 5.55 nanomoles per milligram of protein for 1 mole of the ligand binding 1 mole of the receptor protein. These results indicate that the guanylate cyclase-coupled ANF receptor exists in a 180-kilodalton protein of rat adrenocortical carcinoma and represent a step toward the elucidation of the basic mechanism of cyclic GMP-mediated transmembrane signal transduction in response to a hormone. 相似文献
11.
Immunoreactivity to the amphibian peptide physalaemin was characterized from extracts of a human lung small-cell carcinoma by immunological, chemical, and pharmacological means. Tumor-related peptide cross-reacted with three antiserums to physalaemin to yield 1.1 to 1.6 nanomoles per gram of tissue. Physalaemin and tumor peptide had similar retention times on high-performance liquid chromatography after chemical and enzymic modifications that included pH changes, oxone oxidation, use of a hydrophilic ion-pairing reagent, and digestion with trypsin and pyroglutamate aminopeptidase. Both physalaemin and the tumor peptide produced a contractile response of isolated guinea pig ileum at threshold concentrations of approximately 100 to 150 picograms per milliliter. These data suggest that small-cell carcinoma of the lung contains a physalaemin-like peptide that has structural and biological homology to its amphibian counterpart. 相似文献
12.
Brain barrier tissues: end organs for atriopeptins 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
Little is known about the pathophysiology of cerebral edema and other disturbances of water balance that involve the barrier tissues at the interface of blood and brain. The present experiments show that these barrier tissues contain receptors and second messenger systems for atriopeptins, recently identified cardiac peptides involved in peripheral water regulation. They also show that atriopeptins can alter the rate of cerebrospinal fluid production. Because the blood-brain and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barriers are involved in normal water movements in the central nervous system, these studies suggest that brain barrier tissues may be important end organs for the atriopeptins and that atriopeptins could have therapeutic application to disorders of water balance in the central nervous system. An isolated, purified population of atriopeptin receptor cells, obtained from choroid epithelium, was used in these experiments. This cell population may provide a valuable model system for investigating the intracellular biochemical mechanisms through which atriopeptins exert their actions. 相似文献
13.
Tumor cells secrete a vascular permeability factor that promotes accumulation of ascites fluid 总被引：73，自引：0，他引：73
D R Senger S J Galli A M Dvorak C A Perruzzi V S Harvey H F Dvorak 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1983,219(4587):983-985
Tumor ascites fluids from guinea pigs, hamsters, and mice contain activity that rapidly increases microvascular permeability. Similar activity is also secreted by these tumor cells and a variety of other tumor cell lines in vitro. The permeability-increasing activity purified from either the culture medium or ascites fluid of one tumor, the guinea pig line 10 hepatocarcinoma, is a 34,000- to 42,000-dalton protein distinct from other known permeability factors. 相似文献
14.
Alignment of rat cardionatrin sequences with the preprocardionatrin sequence from complementary DNA 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
T G Flynn P L Davies B P Kennedy M L de Bold A J de Bold 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1985,228(4697):323-325
Mammalian atria contain peptides that promote the excretion of salt and water from the kidney. When rat atrial tissue is extracted under conditions known to inhibit proteolysis, four natriuretic peptides, cardionatrins I to IV, are consistently isolated. These peptides derive from a common precursor, preprocardionatrin, of 152 amino acids, whose sequence was determined by DNA sequencing of a complementary DNA clone. Amino acid sequencing located the start points of cardionatrins I, III, and IV in the overall sequence. Cardionatrin IV most closely resembles procardionatrin because it begins immediately after the signal sequence at residue 25. Cardionatrin III begins at residue 73, and cardionatrin I, sequenced previously, begins at residue 123. Compositional analysis indicated that each of these cardionatrins extends up to tyrosine at position 150 but lacks the terminal two arginine residues. 相似文献
15.
Chemotactic and anaphylatoxic fragment cleaved from the fifth component of guinea pig complement 总被引：30，自引：0，他引：30
The fifth component of guinea pig complement, with a sedimentation coefficient 7.8S, is cleaved by sensitized sheep erythrocytes treated with the first four components of complement into two fragments with sedimentation coefficients of 7.4S and 1.5S. The smaller fragment, with a molecular weight of about 15,000, possesses chemotactic activity for rabbit polymorphonuclear leukocytes, as well as anaphylatoxic activity for guinea pig ileum. 相似文献
16.
Atriopeptin-immunoreactive neurons in the brain: presence in cardiovascular regulatory areas 总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19
C B Saper D G Standaert M G Currie D Schwartz D M Geller P Needleman 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1985,227(4690):1047-1049
Antisera to atriopeptin III and to a cyanogen bromide fragment of the precursor molecule atriopeptigen were prepared and used to examine the distribution of atriopeptin-like immunoreactive material in the heart and brain of the rat. Granules of this material were seen in myocytes throughout the right and left atria and were densest in the perinuclear region. The distribution of atriopeptin-like immunoreactive material in the heart is consistent with previous reports of atrial secretory granules. In the brain neurons containing the material were observed in the hypothalamus and the pontine tegmentum. Atriopeptin in the brain may serve as a neurotransmitter in neural systems controlling blood volume and composition, the same physiological functions regulated by blood-borne atriopeptin. 相似文献
17.
猪瘟脾淋苗阻断带毒母猪垂直传播的效果 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
[目的]观察猪瘟脾淋苗阻断带毒母猪垂直传播的效果。[方法]以3个有代表性的规模化猪场为试验点,将猪瘟带毒母猪随机分成试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组和对照组。试验Ⅰ组采用脾淋苗1.5头份免疫,试验Ⅱ组采用脾淋苗2头份免疫,对照组采用细胞苗4头份免疫。采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测带毒母猪所产仔猪的猪瘟抗原状况。[结果]接受猪瘟脾淋苗免疫的带毒母猪所产仔猪的抗原阳性率为18.5%,明显低于对照组母猪所产仔猪的抗原阳性率（48.1%）,但试验Ⅰ组与试验Ⅱ组之间的抗原阳性率差异不显著。[结论]猪瘟脾淋苗免疫带毒母猪对阻断垂直传播有很好的效果. 相似文献
18.
Basilar membrane vibration examined with the M?ssbauer technique 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The tuning curve has been measured, in vivo, at a point approximately 1.5 millimeters from the stapes in the first turn of the guinea pig cochlea. Curves for constant stapes movement and constant sound pressure were obtained over the range 350 hertz to 30 kilohertz, with an amplitude peak at about 18 kilohertz. 相似文献
19.
Localization of calcium pump activity in smooth muscle 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
A microsomal fraction isolated from longitudinal smooth muscle of guinea pig ileum actively sequesters calcium ion in the presence of magnesium and adenosine triphosphate in a fashion previously described for microsomes of the rabbit aorta. This activity in guinea pig ileum appears to be associated primarily with the plasma membrane as is found in the red cell. By contrast the uptake of calcium in aortic smooth muscle appears to be associated to an appreciable extent with intracellular membranes, possibly analogous to the sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle. 相似文献
20.
A G protein directly regulates mammalian cardiac calcium channels 总被引：45，自引：0，他引：45
A Yatani J Codina Y Imoto J P Reeves L Birnbaumer A M Brown 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1987,238(4831):1288-1292
A possible direct effect of guanine nucleotide binding (G) proteins on calcium channels was examined in membrane patches excised from guinea pig cardiac myocytes and bovine cardiac sarcolemmal vesicles incorporated into planar lipid bilayers. The guanosine triphosphate analog, GTP gamma S, prolonged the survival of excised calcium channels independently of the presence of adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP), adenosine triphosphate, cAMP-activated protein kinase, and the protein kinase C activator tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate. A specific G protein, activated Gs, or its alpha subunit, purified from the plasma membranes of human erythrocytes, prolonged the survival of excised channels and stimulated the activity of incorporated channels. Thus, in addition to regulating calcium channels indirectly through activation of cytoplasmic kinases, G proteins can regulate calcium channels directly. Since they also directly regulate a subset of potassium channels, G proteins are now known to directly gate two classes of membrane ion channels. 相似文献