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1.
This study investigated the effects of weaning age, diet, and classification of piglets as ‘eaters’ or ‘non eaters’ of creep feed in lactation, on production and diarrhoea after weaning. Four antimicrobial-free diets were offered in lactation and for 14 days after weaning: (i) wheat–soy based diet with animal and vegetable (‘mixed’) protein sources (COMM), (ii) heat-processed rice (HPR) with barley hulls and potato starch and mixed protein sources (RBHPS), (iii) HPR with sugar-beet pulp and mixed protein sources (RSBP), and (iv) HPR with mixed protein sources (R). Piglets were individually examined for diarrhoea daily for 14 days after weaning, and antibiotic treatments were individually recorded. Faecal swabs were taken on day 10 after weaning and scored for β-haemolytic Escherichia coli. There were significant main effects of weaning age and diet (both P < 0.001) on daily gain between weaning and 14 days after weaning. Pigs weaned later grew 50 g/day more than pigs weaned earlier, and pigs fed the COMM diet grew slower than pigs fed the rice-based diets. The number of antibiotic treatments was influenced by diet (P < 0.001), with most treatments (2.1) given to pigs fed the diet RBHPS. Faecal score was influenced by a weaning age and diet interaction (P < 0.01). There was no correlation (P > 0.05) between the number of antibiotics treatments and the E. coli score.  相似文献   

2.
The aim of this work was to test the hypothesis that a moderate zinc deficiency induces intestinal alterations in weaned piglets. A diet based on maize and soybean meal was formulated without supplemental zinc (33 ppm, zinc-deficient) or with added zinc (113 ppm, control). These diets were pair-fed for 18 or 27 d to intra-litter pairs of piglets weaned at 21 d of age. The feed intake and growth, plasma concentrations of zinc and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and morphometry, enzyme activities and the microflora of the mid-jejunum were investigated. Feed intake and growth were similar between diets and diarrhoea was not observed. By contrast, plasma zinc and ALP activity were much lower in zinc-deficient piglets at slaughter (P < 0.001). The weight of organs was unaffected, except colonic tissue that was lighter in piglets fed the zinc-deficient diet (P < 0.05). Neither villus-crypt intestinal architecture nor mucosal enzyme activities were altered. Jejunal counts of lactic acid bacteria and coliforms tended to be higher in the zinc-deficient pigs (P ≤ 0.10). In conclusion, feeding a diet moderately deficient in zinc for 18–27 d induced limited intestinal alterations in weaned pigs.  相似文献   

3.
Suckling pigs were separated from their dam for 24 h on day 21 (1 × 24 h fasting, n = 10) or day 21 and 24 (2 × 24 h fasting, n = 10). Pigs in the control group (n = 10) were not fasted before weaning. All pigs were weaned on day 28 postpartum. Feed intake during the first 4 days post-weaning was higher (P < 0.05) for pigs exposed to 1 × 24 h fasting compared with controls. Water consumption was not affected by fasting prior to weaning. The difference in post-weaning feed uptake was not reflected in any clinical traits, intestinal morphology, or activity of digestive enzymes (maltase, dipeptidylpeptidase IV, aminopeptidases A and N; P > 0.15). In conclusion, a short period of fasting prior to weaning can increase post-weaning feed uptake, although this had no clinical impact under the present experimental conditions.  相似文献   

4.
At weaning, low feed intake level is a major factor responsible for gut disorders. However, less is known on adaptation of the antibacterial activity of pancreatic juice in response to variations in feed intake level. Moreover bovine colostrum has been demonstrated to decrease coliform counts in duodenal digesta and to improve health status of weaned piglets. Aims of the present study were to evaluate effects of feed intake level and of a bovine colostrum-supplemented diet on the pancreatic secretion of antibacterial activity in piglets at weaning. At 33 days of age, twenty-eight piglets fitted with two permanent catheters (for pancreatic juice collection and reintroduction) were weaned and allocated to one of the following three dietary treatments for 5 days: low feed allocation with a starter diet (L), gradually increased feed allocation with a starter diet (Ctrl), or gradually increased feed allocation with a starter diet supplemented with bovine colostrum (Col). In Ctrl piglets, the post-weaning secretion of antibacterial activity did not significantly differed from pre-weaning values. The pancreatic secretion of antibacterial activity in L piglets was higher than that in Ctrl piglets at day 5 (+ 300%; P < 0.05). Moreover in Col piglets the secretion of the antibacterial activity tended to increase by 55% (P = 0.08) compared to Ctrl piglets. Variations in the pancreatic secretion of antibacterial activity could constitute an adaptive phenomenon to maintain bacterial homeostasis in the upper small intestine during the early post-weaning period.  相似文献   

5.
Outdoor reared pigs are reported to be larger at weaning than indoor reared pigs and respond better to the weaning process. This may be due to enhanced gut development associated with increased size. Eighty sows were allocated to either indoor or outdoor farrowing on the basis of size, parity and past performance. Resulting litters were weaned at either 4 or 6 weeks of age. On days 26 and 40 of age, 40 (10/treatment) and 20 piglets (10/treatment still unweaned) were killed to measure intestinal morphology. Data were analysed as a 2 × 2 factorial using the GLM procedures of Minitab 12.2. Pigs reared outdoors were larger than those reared indoors at both weaning ages, pigs weaned at 6 weeks were heavier than those weaned at 4 weeks, 8.4 versus 7.4 kg at 4 weeks and 12.9 versus 10.5 kg at 6 weeks respectively (± 0.25, P ≤ 0.001). There were no differences in small intestine size relative to body weight due to rearing environment and no differences in gut morphology. When corrected for body weight, 6 week pigs had heavier small intestines than 4 week pigs, 0.39 (± 0.010) versus 0.34 (± 0.007) g/cm length, respectively (P ≤ 0.001). Six week unweaned pigs had similar villus heights to 4 week unweaned pigs but wider villi (P < 0.05) and deeper crypts, for example, at the 25% site crypt depths were 236 and 193 μm (± 7.7/5.5) respectively (P < 0.001). Hence increased piglet size due to outdoor rearing did not advance gut maturation whereas increased piglet size due to age did influence maturation of gut structure.  相似文献   

6.
Pigs born outdoors and reared on deep litter (straw) have been reported to experience less of a growth check after weaning and have a higher dressing percentage than counterparts born and reared under conventional (indoor) systems. The reason(s) for this difference is/are presently unknown, but differences in the gut environment might contribute to these observations. PCR-DGGE techniques were used in this study to examine microbial diversity and banding patterns in the large intestine of piglets that were reared under different rearing conditions. Six piglets per treatment were euthanised at weaning (21 days) and at 7 days and 21 days after weaning from two extreme treatments [indoor-born: conventionally-raised after weaning (‘Indoor’) or outdoor-born, deep-litter raised after weaning (‘Outdoor’)]. The Shannon diversity index was calculated, and multivariate analysis of banding patterns was performed. Indoor pigs had a more diverse bacterial population at weaning and 21 days after weaning than Outdoor pigs. However at the end of the first week after weaning, outdoor-born and deep-litter pigs had a more diverse microbiota. The Shannon diversity index continued to increase with time after weaning in Outdoor pigs, which did not occur in Indoor pigs. Multivariate analysis of banding patterns showed there was a trend (P = 0.109) for a difference in microbial structure depending on housing type. There was also a significant (P < 0.001) effect of sampling time after weaning and a significant interaction (P < 0.001) between housing and time after weaning.  相似文献   

7.
The aim of the study was to measure the effect of creep feeding during lactation on net absorption in the small intestine at 4 days after weaning. Intermittent suckling was used to increase creep feed intake during lactation. Creep feed containing chromic oxide was provided. Based on the colour of the faeces, piglets were classified as ‘eaters’ or ‘non-eaters’, respectively. At day 4 after weaning, an in vivo small intestine segment perfusion test was performed at 5 sites along the small intestine in 24 piglets (12 eaters and 12 non-eaters). At both sides of each intestinal segment a tube was fitted to perfuse and drain fluid in order to assess net absorption. Net absorption was higher in eaters than in non-eaters (P < 0.001). Net absorption varied greatly between and within piglets and was highest in the caudal segments of the small intestine (P < 0.001). These data suggest that creep feeding could be a useful tool in the prevention of post-weaning diarrhoea.  相似文献   

8.
Two maize based diets containing 2.3 g phytic P and 38 mg Zn/kg (P+) or 1.3 g phytic P and 25 mg Zn/kg (P−) were formulated. A third diet (P+/Phytase) was P+ supplemented with 3-phytase (500 FTU/kg). Each of these three basal diets, supplemented or not with 15 mg Zn/kg, was given during 20 days to weaned piglets and to 1-day-old chicks. Chicks fed the P− diets were removed from the data set because of an abnormally low feed intake.

In piglets, added Zn increased bone (P < 0.05) and plasma Zn (P < 0.01) irrespective of the basal diet (basal diet × Zn, P > 0.05). Supplementing P+ with phytase was more efficient in improving these indicators of Zn status than replacing P+ by P−. In chicks, supplemental Zn improved Zn status in a higher extent when added to P+ than to P+/Phytase (basal diet × Zn, P < 0.05). Phytase increased Zn status in a lesser extent than 15 ppm supplemental Zn. More Zn was soluble in gizzard than in stomach which corresponded to the differences in pH (4.2 vs 5.0). Phytase increased soluble Zn in stomach (P < 0.05) but not in gizzard. These results suggest a higher availability of Zn in chicks than in piglets in the absence of phytase. This may explain the higher efficacy of phytase for improved Zn availability in piglets than in chicks.  相似文献   


9.
The objective of this experiment was to determine whether decreasing dietary protein content and increasing weaning age could improve piglet health and decrease the occurrence and severity of post-weaning colibacillosis (PWC) in the absence of in-feed antimicrobial growth promoters (AGPs). The experiment consisted of a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial combination of weaning age (4 vs 6 weeks), dietary protein content (H vs L; 230 vs 130 g CP/kg) and experimental enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) challenge (+ vs −). On day 3 post-weaning half of the piglets were challenged per os with 109 cfu ETEC. A sample of piglets was euthanased on days 0 and 6 to assess digesta pH and lactobacilli to coliform (L:C) ratio. ETEC excretion persisted longer in the 4-week-weaned piglets than those weaned at 6 weeks (P = 0.003), and the numbers of ETEC shed tended to be higher on the H than L diet, especially in the 4-week-weaned piglets (P = 0.093). Decreasing protein level led to significantly firmer faeces, decreased pH and increased L:C ratio of proximal colon digesta. These results suggest that in the absence of AGPs, increasing weaning age and decreasing dietary protein level, especially in earlier weaned piglets, may help to minimize the effects of PWC.  相似文献   

10.
Ileal indigestible protein may be an important factor for the occurrence of post weaning diarrhoea in piglets. Depending on the quantity of indigested protein, an imbalance in the microbial community can occur, resulting in an overgrowth of pathogens. Diet viscosity may influence nutrient digestibility and substrate availability for microbial growth. Therefore, we examined the effect of dietary viscosity in piglet nutrition. Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) was added as a model substance in order to increase diet viscosity. The effect of 1% supplemented CMC on nutrient digestibility, morphological and physiological parameters was measured in piglets 3 weeks post weaning at 26 days of age. The main effects of inclusion of CMC were:
– A 10% slower gastric emptying rate (P = 0.18).

– An increased protein hydrolysis in the gastric fraction, measured as increased nitrogen concentration in the liquid phase of gastric contents (26% in control vs. 34% in experimental group; P = 0.13).

– An increased production of the protein hydrolysing enzyme amino-peptidase from 359 U/g protein for the control diet to 516 U/g protein for the experimental diet (P < 0.01).

– A numerical increase in apparent ileal protein digestibility by 6% from 75.2% to 79.5% (P = 0.22) and a significant increase in faecal protein digestibility by 5% (P = 0.044).

These results indicate that an optimized diet viscosity might be one factor exerting a beneficial influence on protein digestibility. We hypothesize that the effect of diet viscosity on gastric emptying rate is the major factor.  相似文献   


11.
The low nutrient intake shortly after weaning is a major cause of post-weaning problems. Feed intake after weaning is strongly related to feed intake during lactation. Feed intake during lactation, however, varies considerably between litters. We hypothesised that prenatal and postnatal exposure to certain flavours would increase the intake of feed containing the same flavours pre- and postweaning. Multiparous sows did (n = 17) or did not (n = 14) receive 50 g garlic granulate/powder and 25 g aniseed as daily additive to their diet during the last month of gestation and during lactation. From day 14 of lactation, litters were submitted to intermittent suckling: 12 h separation form the sow each day. During lactation, all litters had 40 g garlic and 20 g aniseed per kg added to their creep feed. After weaning, half of the litters had no additive in their diet. Piglets were weaned at 4 weeks (13 litters) or at 6 weeks (18 litters). At 6 weeks of lactation, litters of which the dam received the flavour in her diet, had a higher feed intake (309 ± 43 vs 233 ± 35 g/p/d) than litters of dams without the flavour, although the difference was not significant. Sow diet had no effect on postweaning feed intake, but postweaning piglet diet did. Late (week 6) weaned litters receiving the flavoured feed had a higher feed intake from 3 to 10 days after weaning (833 ± 38 vs 687 ± 58 g/p/d). Weight gain during the first 10 days after weaning was not affected by sow or pig diets. Feed intake and weight gain shortly after weaning were strongly related to feed intake during lactation (overall R = 0.64, P < 0.05 and R = 0.77, P < 0.05). We conclude that early experience with flavours increases later acceptance and improves adaptation to post weaning conditions.  相似文献   

12.
Nucleotides and carob pulp were tested as possible alternatives to antimicrobial growth promoters for newly weaned pigs. Four dietary treatments were used: basal diet, nucleotides, carob pulp and nucleotides + carob pulp. Performance was measured in a group of 72 pigs. Another group of 60 pigs was used for histological measurements of the jejunal mucosa and microbiological measurements by RFLP in ileum and caecum at different post-weaning intervals. Treatment did not affect performance. On the other hand, the morphology parameters of the jejunum were significantly (P < 0.001) affected by day after-weaning. No effects (P > 0.05) of treatment were observed on these parameters. The similarity (intra and inter-group) of the intestinal microbiota decreased with day after-weaning (P < 0.001) and was also affected by dietary treatment (P < 0.05). The nucleotide diets had the highest similarities in the ileum whereas the carob pulp diets had the lowest in the caecum. It is concluded that both nucleotides and carob pulp are able to modulate the changes in microbiota composition after weaning and that whereas nucleotides act in the ileum, carob pulp acts in the caecum.  相似文献   

13.
Fetal protein restriction is potentially associated with organ dysfunctions after birth (e.g. impaired gut growth, glucose tolerance and pancreatic β-cell function). Just after birth, gut growth and maturation is stimulated by enteral food intake, and inhibited by total parenteral nutrition (TPN), in part mediated via differential release of insulino- and intestino-tropic hormones like the Glucagon-Like Peptides 1 and 2 (GLP-1, GLP-2). We hypothesized that short-term co-infusion of GLP-1 and GLP-2 would stimulate pancreatic and intestinal growth in newborn TPN-fed pigs subjected to prenatal protein restriction. Two sows were fed a protein-restricted diet (PR: 8% crude protein during last 50% of gestation) while a third sow was fed a control diet (C: 15% crude protein). PR pigs were killed either at birth (n = 7) or after 3 days TPN with (n = 6) or without (n = 4) intravenous infusion of a mixture of synthetic human GLP-17–37 and GLP-21–33 (each 50 μg/kg/d). At birth, PR piglets did not show reduced body weight, relative to controls (1.45 vs. 1.50 kg), but significantly reduced weight of the small intestine (18.0 ± 0.6 vs. 21.9 ± 0.5 g/kg, P < 0.001) and a marginally reduced pancreas weight (0.85 ± 0.02 vs. 0.93 ± 0.04 g/kg, P = 0.10). Co-infusion GLP-1 and GLP-2 into PR pigs resulted in increased basal glucose levels (5.3 vs. 4.0 mM), and glucose-stimulated insulin release, but did not have any significant effect on body weight, or weight of internal organs (heart, lungs, spleen, kidneys, adrenals, stomach, colon, liver, intestine, pancreas). We conclude that short-term (3 days) infusion of native GLP-1 and GLP-2 does not stimulate gut growth or glucose tolerance in TPN-fed piglets born from protein-restricted mothers. Moderate maternal protein restriction does however cause significant reduction in intestinal growth in newborn piglets which may decrease the neonatal digestive capacity.  相似文献   

14.
Twenty four Duroc × Landrace male piglets, aged 21 days, were assigned to 1 of 4 experimental diets. Diets 1 and 2 contained 150 g kg− 1 wheat bran and diets 3 and 4 contained 90 g kg− 1 maize cobs as the major fibre source. All diets contained 480 g kg− 1 wheat and 200 g kg− 1 soybean meal. Diets 2 and 4 were supplemented with the following enzyme complex: 800 U/kg cellulase, 1800 U/kg glucanase and 2600 U/kg xylanase.

The replacement of wheat bran by maize cobs increased the acetic (P < 0.05) and decreased the butyric acid production (P < 0.05) in the cecum. Piglets fed diets with maize cobs had lower (P < 0.05) levels of butyric acid in the colon than those fed wheat bran.

The xylanolytic, pectinolytic and cellulolytic enzyme activities were higher (P < 0.05) in the cecum and colon of piglets fed the wheat bran based diets. The supplementation of the diet with the enzyme complex did not significantly affect the levels of short chain fatty acids formed in the small intestine and there was a non significant increase of the levels of acetic, propionic and butyric acids in the cecum and colon of piglets (P < 0.10). No interactions were present between fibre sources and enzyme addition.

The results suggest that the enzyme supplementation of the diet did not bring significant benefits to the animals and that when maize cobs replaces wheat bran in diets it negatively affects butyric acid production and fibre-degrading enzyme activity in the hindgut of piglets.  相似文献   


15.
L.Y. Yue  S.Y. Qiao   《Livestock Science》2008,115(2-3):144-152
This study was conducted to determine the effects of low-protein diets supplemented with crystalline amino acids (AA) on performance and intestinal development in barrows (n = 32) over 2 weeks after weaning at 18 ± 1 day. Four maize-soybean meal based diets providing 0.93 g standardized ileal digestible lysine/MJ ME were prepared. The treatments were a control diet containing 23.1% CP (crude protein) and three low-protein diets (21.2, 18.9, and 17.2% CP, respectively), which were supplemented with crystalline AA to achieve an ideal AA pattern. Piglets were raised individually and had free access to feed and water. Average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) were measured weekly. Severity of diarrhea was monitored twice per day. Blood from all piglets was taken for determining serum urea nitrogen on d 0, 7, and 14 and serum free AA concentration on d 14. At the end of the experiment, all piglets were killed to measure morphology of the small intestine and disaccharidase activities. Reducing CP level did not affect ADFI (P > 0.10) but resulted in poorer (linear, P < 0.05; quadratic, P < 0.05) ADG and feed:gain ratio (F:G) over the 2-week study period. However, most of the effect of dietary CP was due to the significant deterioration of performance with the 17.2% CP diet. Faecal consistency was improved linearly (P < 0.01) with dietary CP decrease. Reducing dietary CP from 23.1 to 17.2% resulted in a linear (P < 0.001) and quadratic (P < 0.001) decrease in serum urea nitrogen levels on d 7 and 14. Serum arginine (P < 0.001), glutamine (P < 0.05), and proline (P < 0.05) concentrations were decreased in pigs fed the 17.2% CP diet compared with those fed the control diet on d 14. Villous height was decreased (P < 0.05) in the duodenum and jejunum by the reduction of dietary CP. As dietary CP declined, lactase and sucrase activities were reduced (P < 0.01) in the proximal jejunum. In conclusion, reducing CP concentration from 23.1 to 17.2% led to decreased growth performance associated with morphological changes of the gut and reduced disaccharidase activities in the small intestine. But reducing dietary CP from 23.1 to 18.9% did not affect intestinal morphology and disaccharidase activities.  相似文献   

16.
Aim of the study was to investigate the growth performance of weaned piglets fed either a medicated or not medicated diet supplemented with either a blend of formic and lactic (64/36) acids (FL, 11 kg/ton) or a microencapsulated blend of organic acids and flavors (T) (1 kg/ton, Tetracid®S, EU patent 1391155B1,Vetagro srl, Italy). 480 three-week old SCAAPAG × Goland piglets were fed four diets (4 pens of 30 piglets per diet): FL or T with or without the medication (M) comprising colistin 180 ppm + amoxicillin 600 ppm for the 1st phase and chlortetracycline 1000 ppm + sulphadiazine 1250 ppm + trimetoprim 250 ppm for the 2nd phase. The piglets received a two-phase diet (I:18% CP, 1.3% Lys, 7.5% CF and 2600 kcal/kg NE; II:18% CP, 1.2% Lys, 5.6% CF and 2400 kcal/kg NE). All data were analysed by ANOVA. After 49 days, animals fed the medicated diets had higher feed intake (+ 24.5% for group FL + M vs FL − M and + 22.3% for group T + M vs T − M; P < 0.01) and lower mortality (overall 1.2% for the medicated diets fed animals vs 9.2% for the non-medicated ones). Final weights were: 26.8 ± 1.0 kg, 25.7 ± 0.8 kg for FL + M, T + M, 20.9 ± 0.7 kg, 21.6 ± 0.8 kg for FL − M and T − M, respectively (P < 0.05). The medication resulted in maintaining animals in good health status. The microencapsulation technique allowed to lower the acids dose to be included in the feed by ten fold at least maintaining the same effects that a high dose can give without medication.  相似文献   

17.
Four groups of six 21 days-old piglets were used to evaluate the effect of a prebiotic or probiotic on the intestinal fermentative activity. In each group, piglets received one of the following diets: basal diet (C); basal diet supplemented with xylo-oligosaccharide (C-XOS); basal diet supplemented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae (C-SC); and basal diet supplemented with xylo-oligosaccharide and S. cerevisiae (C-XOS + SC).

The short chain fatty acids in the colon of piglets were decreased with the inclusion of S. cerevisiae in the diet (P < 0.01). The xylanolytic activity was higher (P < 0.05) in the small intestine of piglets fed C-XOS + SC diet, but no significant differences were found in the caecum and colon. In the caecum contents, the cellulolytic activity was increased (P < 0.05) by the C-XOS and C-SC diets, but remained similar when the diet was supplemented with the two additives combined.  相似文献   


18.
Belgian Blue (BB) beef cattle is particularly prone to selenium (Se) deficiency due to the poor Se content of soil and roughages on rearing farms and the higher requirements of this hypermuscled breed. The goal of this trial was to compare the effects of different forms and concentrations of Se supplementation on Se status, health and performance in 60 pregnant Se-deficient BB cows. Cows were allocated to 3 experimental groups receiving selenized-yeast at 0.5 ppm Se on total ration (Y–Se 0.5), Na–selenite at 0.5 ppm Se on total ration (Na–Se 0.5) and Na–selenite at 0.1 ppm Se on total ration (Na–Se 0.1), respectively. Cows were supplemented from 2 months before calving until 2 months after calving. Data on performance, health and Se status of the dams and their calves were analyzed using a linear model, least squares means and logistic regression. At the end of the study, plasmatic Se (pSe) was significantly higher (P < 0.01) in cows receiving Y–Se than in cows from other groups. Glutathion-peroxidase in erythrocytes (GSH-pxe) was higher in Y–Se and Na–Se 0.5 than Na–Se 0.1 group (P < 0.01). Se content in colostrum and milk was significantly higher (P < 0.01) in Y–Se than other groups. At birth, Se status of calves from group Y–Se was significantly higher than those of other groups (P < 0.01). Plasmatic Se in calves remained higher for 75 days after birth in Y–Se compared to other groups (P < 0.01). Diarrhoea was the most commonly observed disease in the calves and, during the first 15 days of life, diarrhoea occurred in 6%, 21% and 35% of calves from groups Y–Se, Na–Se 0.5 and Na–Se 0.1, respectively. Over the whole 75 days trial period, incidence of diarrhoea was 19, 29 and 65%, respectively. Average daily gain (ADG) in calves born from Y–Se group of cows tended to be higher than in Na–Se 0.5 (P = 0.06) and Na–Se 0.1 (P < 0.05) but there was no difference between Na–Se 0.5 and Na–Se 0.1 (P > 0.1). At the same dosage, Y–Se conferred better Se status in both dams and their calves than did Na–Se. Requirement of 0.1 ppm Se seems to be insufficient in BB to optimise health and performance. Regarding health status and ADG in calves, Y–Se seems also to result in better performance.  相似文献   

19.
The concentration and composition of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) in gastrointestinal and faecal samples were studied in weaning pigs fed different amounts and composition dietary fibre (DF). In Trial 1 a total of 50 castrated piglets were fed five experimental diets with varying contents of citrus pectin (soluble fibre) and barley hulls (insoluble fibre) and gastrointestinal contents were collected at euthanasia 9 days after weaning. In Trial 2, 120 pair-wise penned piglets were allocated to the same experimental diets as in Trial 1 (24 piglets per treatment), and fresh faecal samples were collected 5 and 32 days after weaning.

There was no difference in the concentrations of SCFA caused by dietary treatments, but across treatments there was a correlation between concentration of SCFA and the proportion of butyrate. The correlation was lowest in the caecum (r2 = 0.22, P = 0.0007) and highest in the distal colon (r2 = 0.45, P = 0.0001). In faeces there was no relationship 5 days after weaning (r2 = 0.004. P = 0.64) but a correlation of r2 = 0.25 (P = 0.0001) 32 days after weaning. The results suggest that adaptive changes and differences between piglets in fermentative capacity immediately after weaning are associated not only with a higher concentration of SCFA but also a changed fermentation profile.  相似文献   


20.
The influence of a dietary supplementation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC) during the first and the second phase of lactation on dry matter (DM) intake, organic matter digestibility, milk yield and quality and haematological profile was evaluated in buffalo cows. Lactating buffaloes (n = 190), 118.7 days in milk (DIM), were randomly divided into Group C (control, n = 95) and Group T (fed diet supplemented with 98 billion CFU of S. cerevisiae, n = 95). Eight buffaloes for each group (Groups T1 and C1), 85.4 DIM, were used to study the in vivo digestibility and the haematological profile. No differences were found for DM intake (16.5 kg·day− 1) and haematological profile. The SC supplementation increased milk yield (7.9 ± 0.2 vs. 7.4 ± 0.2; P < 0.01) but did not affect milk fat and protein. SC supplementation increased OM digestibility, mainly, in the first phase of lactation (< 135 days), thus allowing a higher energy availability for milk yield and reduced fat mobilization.  相似文献   

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