共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
B. Murillo-Amador S. Yamada T. Yamaguchi E. Rueda-Puente N. Ávila-Serrano J. L. García-Hernández R. López-Aguilar E. Troyo-Diéguez A. Nieto-Garibay 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2007,193(6):413-421
Cowpea and kidney bean plants were grown in a hydroponic system, and the effect of calcium silicate supplied to the nutrient solution under salt stress was investigated. The plants were subjected to four different treatments: (1) nutrient solution alone (C), (2) nutrient solution + 40 mmol l−1 NaCl (NaCl), (3) nutrient solution + 40 mmol l−1 NaCl + 0.5 mmol l−1 CaSiO3 (NaCl + Si1) and (4) nutrient solution + 40 mmol l−1 NaCl+1 mmol l−1 CaSiO3 (NaCl + Si2). The results showed that, in both species, salinity reduced all growth variables but silicate supplementation however partly overcame this growth reduction. Addition of silicate in NaCl‐stressed plants maintained membrane permeability. Net photosynthesis, chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance and transpiration were higher in plants under control treatment, and the inclusion of silicate in the nutrient solution resulted in a slight increase in these plant parameters. Intercellular CO2 was slightly higher in plants under silicate treatment than in plants under control or NaCl treatment. Calcium concentration in shoots and roots in both species was slightly higher in the treatments where silicate was added. Potassium concentration for salt treatment was reduced in shoot and root of both species in the absence of silicate. Sodium and chloride concentration in shoots and roots in both species were slightly higher in the presence of NaCl and were slightly reduced in the plants under silicate treatments. The results suggest that, in hydroponically grown plants, the inclusion of silicate in the nutrient solution is beneficial because it improves growth, physiological parameters and may contribute to a more balanced nutrition by enhancing nutrient uptake under NaCl‐stressed conditions. Added calcium silicate may ameliorate the parameters affected by high salinity, may reduce sodium and chloride, and can slightly increase calcium and potassium concentrations in shoots and roots of salt‐stressed cowpea and kidney bean. 相似文献
2.
盐胁迫下小麦叶片蛋白的双向电泳及图谱分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本研究以河南省主导小麦品种周麦18为实验材料,利用氯化钠（NaCl）溶液模拟盐分胁迫,考察了NaCl胁迫对小麦种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响;对NaCl 胁迫下小麦幼苗生长和生理学相关指标进行了分析;并在此基础上建立小麦幼苗双向电泳技术和图像分析体系,对NaCl胁迫下的小麦幼苗进行差异蛋白质组学初步分析。结果表明：72小时1.0%氯化钠溶液胁迫下,小麦幼苗蛋白表达组发生了变化;其中共有332个点得到匹配,获得61个差异表达的蛋白点,29个表达量显著上调,32个显著下调。本研究探讨了有关双向电泳和蛋白图谱软件分析中存在的问题,为进一步研究打下良好基础。 相似文献
3.
M. Salim 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1988,160(5):314-318
In a pulse chase experiment, seedlings of mung beans were loaded with radio-active isotope (22 Na) in 50 mM NaCl solution for 4 days. Individual seedlings were transferred to non-labelled salt solution and the retranslocation of sodium was studied over a period of one week. Growth of seedlings was also studied during this period. Net loss of sodium was observed from roots and stem to the root medium. The leaves accumulated some of the retranslocated sodium as well. The rates of sodium retranslocation and other relevant data are discussed in this paper. 相似文献
4.
不同浓度盐胁迫对转基因饲用甜菜种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过不同浓度NaCl溶液处理转基因饲用甜菜种子及其幼苗试验，研究了盐胁迫下种子萌发、幼苗生长及胁迫解除后种子的效应，为盐土农业生产提供理论依据。结果表明，转基因饲用甜菜种子萌发的适宜Nacl浓度为50。150mmol/L，其中100mmoL／LNaCl胁迫下，种子发芽率最高，与对照相比高6．78％。随着盐胁迫浓度的升高，种子萌发延迟，萌发率也呈不同程度的降低。盐胁迫解除后，种子萌芽迅速，萌芽率提高，整齐度增加。转基因饲用甜菜幼苗在不同NaCl浓度胁迫下表现出的反应不同，高盐胁迫对抑制幼根生长影响较大。 相似文献
5.
Chloride tolerance in soybean and perennial Glycine accessions 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Diversity for chloride tolerance exists among accessions of perennial Glycine. Accessions whose tolerance thresholds exceed
those of Glycine max cultivars may be useful germplasm resources. Soybean cultivars including ‘Jackson’ (sensitive) and ‘Lee’
(tolerant) and 12 accessions of perennial Glycine were evaluated for sodium chloride tolerance after 14 days in hydroponic
culture at 0, 5, 10, and 15 g L-1 NaCl. Sodium chloride had adverse effects on the growth of G. max cultivars and perennial Glycine accessions; however differential
responses to salinity were observed among accessions. Considerably greater variation in sodium chloride tolerance existed
among the perennial Glycine accessions than among the G. max cultivars. Sodium chloride tolerance thresholds ranged from 3.0
to 17.5 g L-1 NaCl for the perennial accessions but only ranged from 5.2 to 8.0 g L-1 for the cultivars, based on a Weibull model of leaf chlorosis. All G. max cultivars were severely injured or killed by NaCl
at 10 g L-1 and above. Five tolerant perennial Glycine accessions, G. argyrea 1626, G. clandestina 1388 and 1389, and G. microphylla
1143 and 1195, were significantly lower in leaf chlorosis score than any of the G. max cultivars at the 10 g L-1 NaCl treatment. Two accessions, G. argyrea 1626 and G. clandestina 1389 were able to tolerate 15 g L-1 NaCl with only moderate visual injury while all other accessions were severely injured or killed at this salt level. Variability
for chloride tolerance observed among the perennial Glycine accessions has potential utility for developing enhanced salt
tolerance in soybean.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
6.
Summary The feasibility of developing an in vitro technique for screening drought-tolerant coconut germplasm has been investigated. Embryos excised from mature nuts of Sri Lanka-tall coconut were cultured as described previously. Water-stress in the culture system was progressively increased with each passage, by incorporating polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000), mannitol and sodium chloride into the culture medium. PEG and mannitol were observed to be growth inhibitory in action event at low concentrations and these two compounds were abandoned. In NaCl-stressed media, about 21% of randomly selected Sri Lanka-tall embryos died before reaching the 170 mM NaCl. About 78% survived 170 mM NaCl and only 12.6% were able to resist 320 mM NaCl. When zygotic embryos derived from two known drought-susceptible cultivars of coconut, CRIC-65 and Dwarf (from pumila) were tested using the same technique, 29% and 73% of embryos respectively died due to stress damage caused by 170 mM NaCl and none of either cultivar survived a salt concentration above 230 mM.However, embryos originated from two putative drought-tolerant cultivars showed a higher survival rate when subjected to salt stress. At 170 mM NaCl, all the embryos had developed into seedlings. In fact, percent germination of embryos was somewhat higher in 170 mM NaCl than in the control, that was devoid of NaCl. However, percent survivors gradually dropped with increase in salt concentration and about 18% survived the 330 mM NaCl. The technique seems to have great potential in screening drought-tolerant coconut germplasm. 相似文献
7.
Arshad Naji Alhasnawi Che Radziah Che Mohd Zain Ahsan A. Kadhimi Anizan Isahakb Azhar Mohamad Mehdi Farshad Ashraf Wan Mohtar Wan Yusoff 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2016,19(5):353-362
Salt stress is considered to be the most important abiotic stress and is the main problem in the interruption of the metabolic processes of plants, thereby limiting crop production. The present study was carried out to examine the effects of exogenously applied mushroom polysaccharides (β-glucan) on the growth of two rice varieties of Oryza sativa L. (MRQ74 and MR269) seedlings grown in vitro in 200 Mm sodium chloride (NaCl). Growth characteristics, including shoot and root height, and fresh and dry weight of salt-stressed rice seedlings were inhibited by sodium chloride treatment, the degree of which depends on the rice variety. The negative effects of salinity stress resulted in an imbalance of N, K+ Na+ and Na/K ratios and biochemical analysis activities a degradation of chlorophyll content in the plants. However, treatment with exogenously applied polysaccharides (β-glucan) ameliorated the stress generated by NaCl and improved the parameters mentioned above. The significance of the changes in growth and metabolism to salt stress tolerance in rice seedlings are discussed in the paper. 相似文献
8.
新疆由于南北部地理气候差异导致土壤盐分种类、组成存在显著差异。北疆土壤盐分以氯化钠等中性盐为主,南疆土壤含有碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠等碱性盐,具有较高的pH。为了明确南北疆土壤盐分组成对辣椒生长发育的影响,本研究以制干辣椒‘红龙23号’为材料,研究了不同浓度中性盐(NaCl)、碱性盐(Na2CO3:NaHCO3=1:9)对其种子萌发的影响,探究中性盐与碱性盐对辣椒生长的影响。结果表明:40 mmol/L的中性盐处理可提高辣椒种子发芽率,中高浓度的中性盐和所有碱性盐处理对辣椒种子发芽率均有抑制作用,且盐浓度越高对发芽率的抑制作用越强;相同浓度下,碱性盐对发芽率的抑制作用更强。低浓度的中性盐、碱性盐对辣椒种子发芽势均有促进作用,且随着盐浓度的升高,发芽势逐渐受到抑制;相同浓度下,碱性盐胁迫的发芽势比中性盐低。中性盐、碱性盐对芽苗生长影响不同:相同浓度下,碱性盐胁迫的辣椒芽苗的胚轴、胚根都较短;芽苗超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase, SOD)、氧化氢酶(catalase, CAT)活性随盐浓度升高呈下降趋势;过氧化物酶(peroxidase, POD)活性呈现不规律变化。隶属函数分析表明,POD、SOD、CAT三种酶活性与辣椒抗盐性关系最紧密,尤其对于碱性盐的影响更大。试验结果表明,当中性盐浓度≥40 mmol/L,碱性盐浓度≥20 mmol/L时,辣椒种子发芽即受到抑制;盐离子浓度相同时,碱性盐的抑制效应大于中性盐。 相似文献
9.
为了研究不同钠盐胁迫对松柳种子萌发及幼苗生长影响,采用0~400 mmol/L的NaCl、0~100 mmol/L的Na2CO3和0~100 mmol/L的NaHCO3溶液处理松柳(Lathyrus quinquenervius)种子,每种溶液设置6个浓度梯度,以此研究盐胁迫对种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。研究结果表明:NaCl浓度在0~100 mmol/L时对种子发芽的各项指标影响不明显,在浓度大于200 mmol/L时,显著降低了种子发芽率、相对发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数,盐害率显著升高;Na2CO3溶液在所有浓度下均显著降低种子发芽指标,盐害率显著升高,仅在2 mmol/L时未影响种子发芽率;NaHCO3溶液在浓度为0~20 mmol/L时对种子发芽的各项指标无显著影响,而浓度>20 mmol/L后,对种子的发芽势、发芽指数、耐盐指数均产生显著抑制,浓度100 mmol/L时,盐害率显著升高。三种盐胁迫对苗高生长均表现为低浓度显著促进,高浓度显著抑制,NaCl和Na2CO3对胚根生长表现为低浓度无显著影响而高浓度显著抑制,NaHCO3对胚根生长以及三种盐对胚芽生长则始终呈抑制作用。 相似文献
10.
11.
土壤盐渍化是影响农业生产的重要问题,筛选耐盐大豆资源对于大豆主产区盐渍化土壤的利用具有重要意义。以中黄35、中黄39、Williams82、铁丰8号、Peking和NY27-38为供试材料,以蛭石为培养基质,设0、100和150 mmol L?1 NaCl 3个处理,进行出苗期耐盐性鉴定,分析与生长相关的6个指标,旨在明确大豆出苗期耐盐性鉴定指标和评价方法。结果表明, 150 mmol L?1NaCl处理显著降低大豆的成苗率、株高、地上部鲜重、根鲜重、地上部干重和根干重,并且不同材料间差异显著。基于幼苗生长发育状况的耐盐指数方法与耐盐系数方法对6份种质耐盐性评价结果显著相关。耐盐指数法对植株无损坏、可省略种植对照,节约人力和物力,提高种质鉴定的效率。因此,以150 mmol L?1 NaCl作为出苗期耐盐鉴定浓度,以耐盐指数作为大豆出苗期耐盐鉴定评价指标,鉴定27份大豆资源,获得出苗期高度耐盐大豆(1级) 3份、耐盐大豆(2级) 7份,其中4份苗期也高度耐盐(1级),分别为运豆101、郑1311、皖宿1015和铁丰8号。本研究建立了一种以蛭石为基质,利用150 mmol L?1 NaCl处理,以耐盐指数作为评价指标的大豆出苗期耐盐性鉴定评价的简便方法,并筛选出4份出苗期和苗期均耐盐的大豆,对耐盐大豆种质资源的高效鉴定和耐盐大豆新品种培育具有重要意义。 相似文献
12.
盐胁迫对油桃生理生化特性的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为分析不同油桃的耐盐特性,为后续的耐盐品种选育研究打下基础,以‘华光’油桃盆栽苗为试材,研究不同程度盐胁迫对植株茎生理指标的影响。试验发现0.4%盐胁迫下各指标与对照组无明显差异,0.8%盐胁迫中后期开始有一定影响,而1.2%盐胁迫初期时相关指标便有极明显差异,表明该盐环境为植株能够承受的极限。在此基础上,以‘中油桃4 号’、‘艳光’、‘华光’、‘千年红’、‘玫瑰红’5 个品种油桃盆栽苗为试验材料,分析了1.2%盐溶液胁迫下的生理指标变化,研究不同品种油桃的耐盐特性。结果表明：不同油桃品种在盐胁迫下的表现差异性很大,黄肉品种‘中油桃4 号’耐盐特性优于‘千年红’;白肉品种‘华光’耐盐性强于‘艳光’,‘玫瑰红’高于‘华光’;白肉品种耐盐特性整体上强于黄肉品种。 相似文献
13.
不同品种玉米萌发期耐盐性的比较 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7
为了对玉米品种耐盐性筛选、盐碱地玉米栽培和耐盐育种提供理论参考,以发芽势、发芽率、根长和苗长等作为指标,用不同浓度的NaCl对9份不同玉米品种进行苗期耐盐性筛选的鉴定,分析盐胁迫对不同品种玉米种子萌发的影响。结果表明：30 mmol/L NaCl处理下‘吉单519’和‘平全9’的根长比对照增加了31.17%和14.17%,与对照处理达到显著水平（P<0.05）,说明低浓度的NaCl（≤30 mmol/L）溶液对玉米的萌发有促进作用,提高了玉米种子的发芽率和根、芽的伸长,并且不同品种间表现出耐盐性有差异。 相似文献
14.
The results of studies from 1982 to 1989 confirm that self-incompatibility (SI) of B. napus can be effectively overcome by spraying solutions of 2 — 10 % table salt (NaCl) during the flowering period. The optimum salt concentration was found to be 5 %. Spraying onto both stigma and stamen is better than onto only one of them, in particular better than spraying only onto the stamen. When self-pollination occurred at intervals of 1 to 32 hours after spraying 5 % NaCl solution upon stigma and stamen, the compatibility indexes fall slightly; they decrease considerably after 72 and 120 hours, but still then they stay higher than without spraying. After spraying 5 % NaCl solution at intervals of 4, 5, 8 and 24 hours, respectively, the compatibility indexes after self-pollination are almost equal to that of bud-pollination; this treatment is effective even at intervals of 48 or 72 hours after selfing. In practice, spraying 5 % NaCl solution every 3 to 5 days during the flowering period is enough for satisfying seed set of SI lines under field conditions. 相似文献
15.
Salinity Effects on Growth and Ionic Relations of two Triticale Varieties Differing in Salt Tolerance 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
M. Salim 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1989,162(1):35-42
Two varieties of triticale possessing differential tolerance to salinity were grown in a glass-house in nutrient solution with or without the addition of 50, 100 and 150 mM NaCl. Plants were harvested after 20, 30, 37 and 44 days of vegetative growth. Relatively salt sensitive variety had slightly better growth in nutrient solution without salt throughout the study period but it could not survive at 150 mM NaCl treatment upto the final harvest. Better relative growth rates of the salt tolerant variety were observed at all salt levels during the four harvests. A significant negative correlation between Cl in shoot tissue water and the growth depression was observed for the salt sensitive variety. Better salt tolerance of the relatively salt tolerant variety seemed to be due to its ability to avoid salt build-up in plant body which was confirmed by short term Na and Cl uptake from labelled solution of 100 mM NaCl. 相似文献
16.
Salt tolerance was evaluated in 340 accessions of Hordeum, consisting of 41 brittle-rachis forms of Hordeum vulgare L. subsp.
vulgare (H. agriocrithon) accessions, 154 H. vulgare L. subsp. spontaneum (H. spontaneum) accessions, and 145 accessions of
ten other species or subspecies of wild Hordeum. Germination was carried out at concentrations of 171, 257, and 342 mM NaCl.
The levels of salt tolerance for seed germination in wild Hordeum species were generally lower than those found by Mano et
al. (1996) in cultivated barley; the NaCl tolerance level of the different species were as follows: H. agriocrithon > H. spontaneum
> other wild Hordeum species. In addition, leaf injury index was used to assess tolerance at the seedling stage after treatment
with 500 mM NaCl solution for four weeks. The levels of salt tolerance at the seedling stage in wild Hordeum species were
generally higher than those found by Mano & Takeda (1995) in cultivated barley. Most wild Hordeum species showed high NaCl
tolerance at the seedling stage and are considered good sources of germplasm for salt tolerance breeding.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
17.
为了解野生蔬菜实葶葱种子发芽过程中的耐盐特性,以实葶葱种子为材料,将NaCl、Na2CO3、Na2SO4及其混合液分别设为5个不同的浓度梯度,测定实葶葱种子在各种处理下的种子萌发能力。研究结果表明,不同种类盐,在相同浓度下对种子发芽的抑制率也完全不同,NaCl浓度为50 mmol/L时发芽率为25.3%,Na2CO3为15.33%,而Na2SO4为14%;混合盐溶液对种子发芽的影响极显著,发芽现象不明显,大多数种子都受到了抑制。说明,低浓度单盐和混合盐对实葶葱种子萌发的影响较小,实葶葱种子具有一定的耐盐性,在低浓度盐溶液中种子可以萌发,但随着浓度的提高,单盐及其混合液均抑制实葶葱种子的萌发,单盐溶液中对几种盐的耐受能力为NaCl＞Na2CO3＞Na2SO4,混合盐的抑制效果高于单盐。 相似文献
18.
19.
为研究赤霉素结构类似物异甜菊醇对盐胁迫条件下小麦幼苗生长的影响,拟开发一种提升小麦抗盐性能的新型植物生长激素。采用滤纸培养法,用NaCl溶液模拟盐胁迫条件,用10-10~10-7mol/L异甜菊醇水溶液预处理小麦种子,设置对照组CK（无盐胁迫）和模型组（无预处理）。培养7d后,测定小麦苗长、根长、苗鲜重、根鲜重以及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶活性及丙二醛含量。结果表明,不同浓度的异甜菊醇对盐胁迫条件下小麦幼苗的生长指标及抗氧化酶活性均有一定的提高作用,其中对根生长的促进作用最明显,对SOD活性提高最显著。100mmol/L NaCl盐胁迫条件下,10-8mol/L异甜菊醇对小麦的抗盐性能提高最佳,与模型组比小麦幼苗根鲜重提高了89.7%,SOD活性提高了53.3%;150mmol/L NaCl盐胁迫条件下,10-9mol/L异甜菊醇对小麦的抗盐性能提高最佳,与模型组比小麦幼苗根鲜重提高了80.8%,SOD活性提高了203.9%。综上可知,异甜菊醇可通过提高小麦幼苗的抗氧化酶活性来缓解盐胁迫对早期小麦幼苗的生长胁迫,且最适宜异甜菊醇预处理浓度会随盐胁迫浓度不同而不同。 相似文献
20.
Summary Four highly heterogeneous populations of barley were assayed for salt stress tolerance at the time of seed germination. Three of these, Davis, Dryland and Irrigated, were derived originally from a population called Composite Cross XXI and propagated until F17 under contrasting conditions. The fourth, Composite Cross XXX-C, was of relatively recent (F5) origin. This population showed the highest germinability in nutrient solution salinated with sodium chloride. Davis was poorer in salt tolerance than CC XXX-C but better than Dryland and Irrigated. Dryland and Irrigated, propagated for 14 successive genrations under contrasting levels of soil moisture, showed no significant difference in salt stress tolerance. In several hundred random samples of lines developed from these two populations, ear row number, lemma awn texture, seed weight and yield showed non-random associations with salt tolerance. These associations might be gainfully utilized in barley breeding for salt stress tolerance. 相似文献