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试验旨在探究饲粮中添加羟基蛋氨酸（MHA）螯合物对雪峰乌骨鸡种鸡生产性能、抗氧化性能、免疫与繁殖激素指标的影响。试验选用32周龄体重相近且健康的雪峰乌骨鸡324只,随机分为3组,每组6个重复,每个重复18只鸡。预试期2周,正式试验期8周。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加30 mg/kg MHA-Zn (MZ组,以锌元素计)、25 mg/kg MHA-Mn (MM组,以锰元素计)、30 mg/kg MHA-Zn+25 mg/kg MHA-Mn (MZM组)。结果显示,与对照组相比,试验组乌骨鸡的产蛋率和健雏率均显著升高（P<0.05）,MZM组乌骨鸡的孵化率显著高于对照组和MM组（P<0.05）,MZ组和MZM组乌骨鸡的死胚率显著低于对照组、MM组（P<0.05）。MZM组乌骨鸡血清中黄体酮、促卵泡激素、雌二醇和甲状旁腺激素含量显著高于其他组（P<0.05）。MZM组乌骨鸡血清中总超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶活性显著高于对照组和MZ组（P<0.05）。MZM组乌骨鸡血清中锰超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性显著高于对照组和MM组（P<0... 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究饲粮铜添加水平对1 ～28日龄泰和乌骨鸡生产性能和组织黑色素含量的影响.选用1日龄泰和乌骨鸡270只,随机分成6组,每组设3个重复,每个重复15只鸡.试验鸡分别饲喂在基础饲粮(铜含量为4.75 mg/kg)中添加0、5、15、30、60、125 mg/kg铜的饲粮,饲养至28日龄.结果表明:饲粮铜不同添加水平对1 ～ 28日龄泰和乌骨鸡平均日增重、平均日采食量和料重比均无显著影响(P＞0.05),但适量添加可显著或极显著影响其血清、肝脏、肾脏、皮肤及肌肉的黑色素含量、酪氨酸酶活性(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),并呈现出随饲粮铜添加水平的提高先升后降的趋势.当饲粮铜添加水平为30 mg/kg时,泰和乌骨鸡血清和组织酪氨酸酶活性及黑色素含量达到峰值.由此可知,玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮中添加铜可提高泰和乌骨鸡组织黑色素含量,其适宜添加水平为30 mg/kg. 相似文献
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试验旨在研究大豆黄酮对余干乌骨鸡产蛋后期产蛋性能和蛋品质的作用。选择产蛋率相近的60周龄余干乌骨鸡180只,分为大豆黄酮组和对照组,每组6个重复,每个重复15只鸡。大豆黄酮组在基础饲粮中添加30g/t的大豆黄酮,对照组饲喂基础饲粮。试验共8周。结果表明:与对照组相比,大豆黄酮组的产蛋率提高了11.67%(P<0.05),料蛋比降低了8.1%(P<0.05);大豆黄酮组的哈氏单位提高了7.7%(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加30 g/t的大豆黄酮能提高余干乌骨鸡产蛋后期的产蛋性能和蛋品质。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究芪枣提取物对余干乌骨鸡蛋品质、脂质代谢和血清抗氧化指标的影响。试验选用240日龄体况良好的余干乌骨鸡120只,随机分成4个组,每个组6个重复,每个重复5只鸡。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮中分别添加100、200和400 mg/kg芪枣提取物,试验期为56 d。结果表明：(1)余干乌骨鸡蛋壳黄度随芪枣提取物水平的增加呈线性增加(P<0.05),哈氏单位、蛋黄指数和蛋壳红度呈二次曲线变化(P<0.05),其他蛋品质指标各组之间无显著差异。(2)饲粮中添加芪枣提取物对余干乌骨鸡血清的甘油三酯、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇无显著差异。(3)芪枣提取物对余干乌骨鸡蛋黄胆固醇含量无影响。(4)余干乌骨鸡卵巢中VLDLR和肝脏中HMGR基因表达水平随芪枣提取物添加水平的增加呈二次曲线变化(P<0.05)。(5)余干乌骨鸡血清中CAT、T-AOC和MDA含量随芪枣提取物水平的增加呈二次曲线变化(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加芪枣提取物能够提高余干乌骨鸡的抗氧化能力,并通过调节血清中脂肪代谢和抑制HMGR、VLDLR基因表达水平来调... 相似文献
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试验旨在研究在饲粮中添加三七茎叶对西畴乌骨鸡血清生化指标、免疫功能以及肌肉品质的影响。选择42日龄的西畴乌骨鸡270只随机分为3组,每组3个重复,每个重复30只。对照组乌骨鸡饲喂基础饲粮,Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组分别在基础饲粮中添加4%、8%三七茎叶。试验期90 d。结果显示,Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组乌骨鸡血清球蛋白含量、法氏囊指数、脾脏指数以及肌肉中苏氨酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸、赖氨酸、精氨酸、棕榈油酸、油酸、γ-亚麻酸、二十碳五烯酸、二十二碳六烯酸以及必需氨基酸的含量显著提高（P<0.05）,血清中碱性磷酸酶、尿素氮含量以及肌肉中豆蔻酸、硬脂酸含量显著降低（P<0.05）。研究表明,在饲粮中添加三七茎叶饲喂西畴乌骨鸡可改善其血清生化指标,调节机体代谢功能,提升免疫力,改善西畴乌骨鸡的肌肉品质,添加4%三七茎叶较为适宜。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究饲粮铜添加水平对5～8周龄泰和乌骨鸡生产性能及组织黑色素含量的影响。选用29日龄泰和乌骨鸡270只,随机分成6组,每组3个重复,每个重复15只鸡。试验鸡饲喂在基础饲粮(铜含量为4.77 mg/kg)中分别添加0、5、15、30、60、125 mg/kg铜的饲粮,饲养至56日龄。结果表明:饲粮添加适量铜可显著影响5～8周龄泰和乌骨鸡平均日增重、平均日采食量和料重比(P<0.05),且在30 mg/kg时生产性能达到最佳。饲粮添加适量铜可显著或极显著影响血清、肝脏、肾脏、皮肤及肌肉的黑色素含量及酪氨酸酶活性(P<0.05或P<0.01),并呈现出随饲粮铜添加水平的提高先升后降的趋势。当饲粮铜添加水平为30 mg/kg时,血清和组织酪氨酸酶活性及组织黑色素含量达到峰值。由此可知,玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮中添加铜可提高生产性能和组织黑色素含量,其适宜添加水平为30 mg/kg。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究饲粮铜添加水平对 １～２８日龄泰和乌骨鸡生产性能和组织黑色素含量的影响。选用 １日龄泰和乌骨鸡 ２７０只,随机分成 ６组,每组设 ３个重复,每个重复 １５只鸡。试验鸡分别饲喂在基础饲粮（铜含量为 ４．７５ｍｇ／ｋｇ）中添加 ０、５、１５、３０、６０、１２５ｍｇ／ｋｇ铜的饲粮,饲养至 ２８日龄。结果表明：饲粮铜不同添加水平对 １～２８日龄泰和乌骨鸡平均日增重、平均日采食量和料重比均无显著影响（Ｐ＞０．０５）,但适量添加可显著或极显著影响其血清、肝脏、肾脏、皮肤及肌肉的黑色素含量、酪氨酸酶活性（Ｐ＜０．０５或 Ｐ＜０．０１）,并呈现出随饲粮铜添加水平的提高先升后降的趋势。当饲粮铜添加水平为 ３０ｍｇ／ｋｇ时,泰和乌骨鸡血清和组织酪氨酸酶活性及黑色素含量达到峰值。由此可知,玉米 －豆粕型基础饲粮中添加铜可提高泰和乌骨鸡组织黑色素含量,其适宜添加水平为 ３０ｍｇ／ｋｇ。 相似文献
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Nadine Pa?lack Barbara Mainzer Monika Lahrssen-Wiederholt Helmut Schafft Richard Palavinskas Angele Breithaupt Jürgen Zentek 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2015,16(1):57-66
This study was conducted to measure the concentrations of strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), antimony (Sb), selenium (Se), and lead (Pb) in canine liver, renal cortex, and renal medulla, and the association of these concentrations with age, gender, and occurrence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Tissues from 50 dogs were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Cu, Zn, and Mn levels were highest in the liver followed by the renal cortex and renal medulla. The highest Sr, Cd, and Se concentrations were measured in the renal cortex while lower levels were found in the renal medulla and liver. Female dogs had higher tissue concentrations of Sr (liver and renal medulla), Cd (liver), Zn (liver and renal cortex), Cr (liver, renal cortex, and renal medulla), and Pb (liver) than male animals. Except for Mn and Sb, age-dependent variations were observed for all element concentrations in the canine tissues. Hepatic Cd and Cr concentrations were higher in dogs with CKD. In conclusion, the present results provide new knowledge about the storage of specific elements in canine liver and kidneys, and can be considered important reference data for diagnostic methods and further investigations. 相似文献
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Antibacterial effects against Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella typhimurium, and Aeromonas hydrophila were obtained with subminimal inhibitory concentrations of oxytetracycline and EDTA-tromethamine. Antibacterial effects were not observed with subminimal inhibitory concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide plus oxytetracycline or with dimethyl sulfoxide plus EDTA-tromethamine. Using a 2-dimensional Microtiter checkerboard technique, inhibitory activities of the various combinations of solutions were studied, and isobolograms were plotted. A synergistic effect was seen with combinations of oxytetracycline and EDTA-tromethamine. The greatest synergistic effect was observed when the mixture was caused to react with P mirabilis. These findings were confirmed by kinetic studies of microbial death, using one-fourth minimal inhibitory concentrations of these preparations. 相似文献
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Breed differences for weight (CW), height (CH), and condition score (CS) were estimated from records (n = 12,188) of 2- to 6-yr-old cows (n = 744) from Cycle IV of the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center's Germplasm Evaluation (GPE) Program. Cows were produced from mating Angus and Hereford dams to Angus, Hereford, Charolais, Shorthorn, Galloway, Longhorn, Nellore, Piedmontese, and Salers sires. Samples of Angus and Hereford sires were 1) reference sires born from 1962 through 1970 and 2) 1980s sires born in 1980 through 1987. The mixed model included cow age, season of measurement and their interactions, year of birth, pregnancy-lactation code (PL), and breedgroup as fixed effects for CW and CS. Analyses of weight adjusted for condition score included CS as a linear covariate. The model for CH excluded PL. Random effects were additive genetic and permanent environmental effects associated with the cow. Differences among breed groups were significant (P < 0.05) for all traits and were maintained through maturity with few interchanges in ranking. The order of F1 cows for weight was as follows: Charolais (506 to 635 kg for different ages), Shorthorn and Salers, reciprocal Hereford-Angus (HA) with 1980s sires, Nellore, HA with reference sires, Galloway, Piedmontese, and Longhorn (412 to 525 kg for different ages). Order for height was as follows: Nellore (136 to 140 cm), Charolais, Shorthorn, Salers, HA with 1980s sires, Piedmontese, Longhorn, Galloway and HA with reference sires (126 to 128 cm). Hereford and Angus cows with reference sires were generally lighter than those with 1980s sires. In general, breed differences for height followed those for weight except that F1 Nellore cows were tallest, which may in part be due to Bos taurus-Bos indicus heterosis for size. 相似文献
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Echocardiography, electrocardiography, and radiography of cats with dilatation cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and hyperthyroidism 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
N S Moise A E Dietze L E Mezza D Strickland H N Erb N J Edwards 《American journal of veterinary research》1986,47(7):1476-1486
The echocardiographic, ECG, and radiographic findings of sequentially examined cats with dilatation cardiomyopathy (DCM, n = 7), hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM, n = 8), and hyperthyroidism (HT, n = 20) were compared with those of healthy control cats (n = 11). Cats with DCM were easily differentiated from healthy cats by echocardiography and from cats with HCM and HT by a dilated left ventricle at end-diastole with a mean +/- SD of 2.20 +/- 0.36 cm, reduced fractional shortening (2.9% +/- 3.7%), reduced aortic amplitude (0.07 +/- 0.05 cm), reduced left ventricular wall amplitude (0.09 +/- 0.09 cm), and increased E-point septal separation (0.83 +/- 0.29 cm). The cats with HCM were most consistently recognized echocardiographically by increased left ventricular wall thickness at end-diastole (0.75 +/- 0.12 cm). Some cats with HT had abnormal echocardiograms with left ventricular wall hypertrophy. These cats could usually be differentiated from the cats with HCM because of normal or increased ventricular wall amplitude, aortic amplitude, or percentage of thickening of the left ventricular wall and interventricular septum. Left atrial enlargement (left atrial diameter greater than 1.57 cm or left atrium/aorta greater than 1.75) was commonly detected by the echocardiogram in cats with DCM, HCM, or HT. The echocardiogram was helpful in differentiating the type of cardiomyopathy (DCM, HCM, or HT) when plain thoracic radiographs indicated that cardiomegaly existed. The ECG may have indicated incorrectly that there was left ventricular enlargement in some cats with HT, and it did not indicate consistently that left ventricular enlargement existed when present in cats with DCM or HCM. The ECG was a poor indicator of left atrial enlargement in all cats. 相似文献
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Genetic parameters among weight, prolificacy, and wool traits of Columbia, Polypay, Rambouillet, and Targhee sheep 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Genetic parameters for Columbia, Polypay, Rambouillet, and Targhee sheep were estimated using REML with animal models for prolificacy, weight, and wool traits. All bivariate analyses included a covariance between additive genetic effects for the two traits plus appropriate additional covariances. Number of observations by breed ranged from 5,140 to 7,095 for prolificacy traits, from 7,750 to 9,530 for weight traits, and from 4,603 to 34,746 for wool traits. Heritability estimates ranged from .03 to .11 for prolificacy traits (litter size at birth and litter size at weaning), from .09 to .26 for weight traits (birth weight and average daily gain), and from .25 to .53 for wool traits (fleece weight, fleece grade and staple length). Estimates of direct genetic correlations among prolificacy and among weight traits were positive and ranged from .58 to 1.00 and .18 to 1.00, respectively. Estimates of direct genetic correlation between fleece weight and staple length were positive (.50 to .70) but were negative between fleece weight and fleece grade (-.60 to -.34) and between staple length and fleece grade (-.72 and -.40). Prolificacy and wool traits were essentially uncorrelated. Weight and prolificacy traits were slightly positively correlated. Weight traits had a moderate positive direct genetic correlation with fleece weight and staple length, but were uncorrelated with fleece grade. These estimates of genetic parameters between prolificacy, weight, and wool traits can be used to construct multiple-trait selection indexes for dual-purpose sheep. 相似文献
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Toxicology of selected pesticides, drugs, and chemicals. Anticoagulant, cholecalciferol, and bromethalin-based rodenticides 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
D C Dorman 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice》1990,20(2):339-352
The control of rodent pests is a continuing goal of mankind. To this end, a multitude of rodenticides have been produced, each designed to kill rodents by exerting their toxic effects on various body systems. As examples, veterinarians have had to manage companion animal poisonings due to anticoagulant, sodium fluoroacetate (compound 1080), thallium, barium carbonate, and zinc phosphide-based rodenticides. Many of these rodenticides were introduced because of their anticipated safety in relation to nontarget species; unfortunately, this has not been the case. Veterinarians must attempt to identify the specific rodenticide involved in poisoning cases. Therapeutic success in these poisonings is often more dependent upon symptomatic and supportive care rather than the use of antidotal therapy. 相似文献
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Comparative cardiovascular, analgesic, and sedative effects of medetomidine, medetomidine-hydromorphone, and medetomidine-butorphanol in dogs 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
OBJECTIVE: To compare sedative, analgesic, and cardiopulmonary effects after IV administration of medetomidine (20 microg/kg), medetomidine-hydromorphone (20 microg of medetomidine/kg and 0.1 mg of hydromorphone/kg), and medetomidine-butorphanol (20 microg of medetomidine/kg and 0.2 mg of butorphanol tartrate/kg) in dogs. ANIMALS: 6 dogs healthy mixed-breed dogs. PROCEDURE: Instruments were surgically inserted, and heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), systolic arterial pressure (SAP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), diastolic arterial pressure (DAP), mean pulmonary arterial pressure (MPAP), pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP), central venous pressure (CVP), core body temperature, and cardiac output (CO) were measured 0, 5, 10, 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes after injection. Cardiac index (CI), stroke volume (SV), stroke index (SI), systemic vascular resistance (SVR), and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) were calculated. Arterial samples for blood gas analysis were collected 0, 15, and 45 minutes after injection. Intensity of analgesia, degree of sedation, and degree of muscle relaxation were evaluated at aforementioned time points and 75, 90, 120, 150, 180, and 210 minutes after injection. RESULTS: Administration of medetomidine, medetomidine-hydromorphone, and medetomidine-butorphanol was associated with increases in SAP, MAP, DAP, MPAP, PCWP, CVP, SVR, PVR, core body temperature, and PaCO2 and decreases in HR, CO, CI, SV, SI, RR, pH, and PaO2. Clinically important differences were not detected among treatments. Medetomidine-hydromorphone and medetomidine-butorphanol provided a longer duration of sedation and better quality of analgesia, compared with medetomidine alone. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Medetomidine-hydromorphone or medetomidine-butorphanol is associated with improved analgesia and sedation but has cardiopulmonary effects comparable to those for medetomidine alone. 相似文献