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1.
再氧化对土壤的通气性变异的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The interplay between soil physical parameters during the recovery from anoxic stresses (reoxidation) is largely unrecognized. This study was conducted to characterise the soil aeration status and derive correlations between variable aeration factors during reoxidation. Surface layers (0-30 cm) of three soil types, Haplic Phaeozem, Mollic Gleysol, and Eutric Cambisol (FAO soil group), were selected for analysis. The moisture content was determined for a range of pF values (0, 1.5, 2.2, 2.7, and 3.2), corresponding to the available water for microorganisms and plant roots. The variability of a number of soil aeration parameters, such as water potential (pF), air-filled porosity (Eg), oxygen diffusion rate (ODR), and redox potential (Eh), were investigated. These parameters were found to be interrelated in most cases. There were significant (P < 0.001) negative correlations of pF, Eg, and ODR with Eh. A decrease in water content as a consequence of soil reoxidation was manifested by an increase in the values of aeration factors in the soil environment. These results contributed to understanding of soil redox processes during recovery from flooding and might be useful for development of agricultural techniques aiming at soil reoxidation and soil fertility optimisation. 相似文献
2.
Knowledge of plant responses to soil water availability is essential for the development of effcient irrigation strategies.However,notably different results have been obtained in the past on the responses of various physiological indices for different plants to soil water availability.In this study,the responses of various plant processes to soil water availability were compared with data from pot and field plot experiments conducted on maize(Zea mays L.).Consistent results were obtained between pot and field plot experiments for the responses of various relative plant indices to changes in the fraction of available soil water(FASW).A threshold value,where the relative plant indices began to decrease with soil drying,and a lower water limit,where the decline of relative plant indices changed to a very slow rate,were found.Evaporative demand not only influenced the transpiration rate over a daily scale but also determined the difference in transpirational response to soil water availability among the transient,daily and seasonal time scales.At the seasonal scale,cumulative transpiration decreased linearly with soil drying,but the decrease of transpiration from FASW = 1 in response to water deficits did not affect dry weight until FASW = 0.75.On the other hand,the decrease in dry weight was comparable with plant height and leaf area.Therefore,the plant responses to soil water availability were notably different among various plant indices of maize and were influenced by the weather conditions. 相似文献
3.
Grazing and over-grazing may drive changes in the diversity and functioning of below-ground meadow ecosystems.A field soil survey was conducted to compare microbial biomass carbon (Cmin) and soil fauna communities in the two main grassland management systems in subalpine regions of Yunnan Province,China:perennial grazing currently practiced due to increasing herd sizes and traditional seasonal grazing.A three-year exclosure experiment was then conducted to further compare the effects of different grazing practices,including treatments of no mowing,perennial grazing (NM + G),mowing followed by seasonal grazing (M + G),mowing and no grazing (M + NG),and no mowing or grazing (NM + NG).The comparative survey result revealed that Cmin and total density of soil fauna were significantly lower at a perennially grazed site than at a seasonally grazed site.The experiment results showed that in comparison to non-grazing treatments (M + NG and NM + NG),grazing (NM + G and M + G) reduced total fauna density (by 150 individuals m-2) and the number of taxonomic groups present (by 0.32 taxa m-2).Mowing decreased Cmin (by 0.31 mg g-1).Furthermore,the NM + G treatment (perennial grazing) had the lowest density of Collembola (16.24 individuals m-2),one of the two most common taxonomic groups,although other taxonomic groups responded differently to the treatments.Treatment effects on soil fauna were consistent with those on above-ground grasses,in which C:N ratios were greatly reduced by grazing,with this effect being the greatest for the NM + G treatment.In contrast,different grazing treatments had little effect on C:N ratio of soil.Furthermore,the traditional grazing method (mowing followed by seasonal grazing) may have less severe effects on some taxonomic groups than perennial grazing.Therefore,an appropriate management should aim to protect soil fauna and microbes in this area from over-grazing and against further degradation. 相似文献
4.
公路旁土壤中水分和重金属的迁移 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
Roads with very high traffic loads in regions where soils are low in both pH and sorption capacity might be a source of percolation water loaded with heavy metals. Looking at some ＂worst case＂ scenarios, this study focused on the input of traffic related pollutants and on Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Ni and Cr concentrations in the soil matrix and soil solution, respectively. The analysis also included pH and electrical conductivity and at some sites DOC. The investigations were carried out on sandy soils with more or less low pH values at four motorway sites in Germany. The average of daily traffic was about 50 000 up to 90 000 vehicles. Soil pore water was collected in two soil depths and at four distances from the road. The pH in general decreased with increasing distance from the roadside. The elevated pH near the roadside was presumably caused by deposition of dust and weathering residues of the road asphalt, as well as by infiltration of salt that was used during winter time. At these road sites, increased heavy metal concentrations in the soil matrix as well as in the soil solution were found. However, the concentrations seldom exceeded reference values of the German Soil Protection Act. The soil solution concentrations tended to increase from the road edge to 10 m distance, whereas the concentration in the soil matrix decreased. Elevated DOC concentrations corresponded with elevated Cu concentrations but did not substantially change this tendency. High soil water percolation rates were found near the roads. Thus, even low metal concentrations of percolation water could yield high metal loads in a narrow area beside the road. 相似文献
5.
大型蒸渗仪和径流小区中红壤的水量平衡 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The daily soil water budgets in the red soil areas of central Jiangxi Province, southern China, were investigated with a large-scale weighing lysimeter and runoff plots. From 1998 to 2000, peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) and rape (Brassica napus L.) were planted in the lysimeter and in 1999, peanuts were planted in the runoff plots. The soil water budget components including rainfall, runoff, percolation and evapotranspiration were measured directly or calculated by Richards' equation and water balance equation. The results showed that most rainfall, including rainstorms, occurred from March to July, and induced the greatest soil water percolation during the year. The evapotranspiration was still large from July to September when rainfall was minimal. Thus, the lack of synchronization in soil water inputs and losses was disadvantageous to crops growing in this region. Among the soil water losses, percolation was the largest, followed by evapotranspiration, and then soil runoff. Runoff was very small on farmland with crops. It was significantly different from the uncultivated uplands where large-scale runoff was usually reported. The soil water storage fluctuated sinusoidally, with a large amplitude in the rainy season and a small amplitude in the dry season. 相似文献
6.
The transport processes of solutes in two soil columns filled with undistrubed soil material collected from an unsaturated sandy aquifer formation in Belgium subjected to a variable upper boundary condition were identified from breakthrough curves measured by means of time domain reflectometry(TDR),Solute breakthrough was measured with 3 TDR probes inserted into each soil column at three different depths at a 10 minutes time interval.In addition,soil water content and pressure head were measured at 3 different depths.Analyteical solute transport models were used to estimate the solute disperison coefficient and average pore-water velocity from the observed breakthrough curves,the results showed that the analytical solutions were suitable in fitting the observed solute transport,The dispersion coefficient was found to be a function of the soil depth and average proe-water velocity,imposed by the soil water flux.the mobile moistrue content on the other hand was not correlated with the average pore-water velocity and the dispersion coefficient. 相似文献
7.
The quantification of soil CO2 efflux is crucial for better understanding the interactions between driving variables and C losses from black soils in Northeast China and for assessing the function of black soil as a net source or sink of atmospheric CO2 depending upon land use.This study investigated responses of soil CO2 efflux variability to soil temperature interactions with diferent soil moisture levels under various land use types including grassland,bare land,and arable(maize,soybean,and wheat)land in the black soil zone of Northeast China.The soil CO2 effluxes with and without live roots,defined as the total CO2 efflux(FtS)and the root-free CO2 efflux(FrfS),respectively,were measured from April 2009 to May 2010 using a static closed chamber technique with gas chromatography.The seasonal soil CO2 fluxes tended to increase from the beginning of the measurements until they peaked in summer and then declined afterwards.The mean seasonal FtS ranged from 20.3±7.8 to 58.1±21.3 mg CO2-C m-2h-1 for all land use types and decreased in the order of soybean land>grassland>maize land>wheat land>bare land,while the corresponding values of FrfS were relatively lower,ranging from 20.3±7.8 to 42.3±21.3 mg CO2-C m-2h-1.The annual cumulative FtS was in the range of 107-315 g CO2-C m-2 across all land uses types.The seasonal CO2 effluxes were significantly(P<0.001)sensitive to soil temperature at 10 cm depth and were responsible for up to 62% of the CO2 efflux variability.Correspondingly,the temperature coefcient Q10 values varied from 2.1 to 4.5 for the seasonal FtS and 2.2 to 3.9 for the FrfS during the growing season.Soil temperature interacting with soil moisture accounted for a significant fraction of the CO2 flux variability for FtS (up to 61%) and FrfS (up to 67%) via a well-defined multiple regression model,indicating that temperature sensitivity of CO2 flux can be mediated by water availability,especially under water stress. 相似文献
8.
A laboratory salt-water dynamics experiment using unsaturated soils in packed silt loam and clay soil columns with different soil texture profiles and groundwater levels under crops were conducted to study the changes of salt-water dynamics induced by water uptake of crops and to propose the theoretical basis for the regulation and control of salt-water dynamics as well as to predict salinity levels. The HYDRUS 1D model was applied to simulate the one-dimensional movement of water and salt transport in the soil columns. The results showed that the salts mainly accumulated in the plow layer in the soil columns under crops. Soil water and salt both moved towards the plow layer due to soil water absorption by the crop root system. The salt contents in the column with lower groundwater were mostly greater than those with high groundwater. The water contents in the soil columns increased from top to the bottom due to plant root water uptake. The changes in groundwater level had little influence on water content of the root zone in the soil columns with crop planting. Comparison between the simulated and the determined values showed that model simulation results were ideal, so it is practicable to do numerical simulation of soil salt and water transport by the HYDRUS 1D model. Furthermore, if the actual movement of salt and water in fields is to be described in detail, much work needs to be done. The most important thing is to refine the parameters and select precise boundary conditions. 相似文献
9.
Understanding the factors affecting the CO 2 emission from agricultural practices is crucial for global warming.A study was performed in an apricot orchard field in the experimental farm of the Harran University,Southeast Turkey,to i) quantify weekly and seasonal variations of the CO 2 emissions from a Vertisol under apricot orchard;ii) evaluate the difference in CO 2 emission between the area under trees and rows;and iii) assess the relationships between the amounts of CO 2 emissions and environmental parameters for better use and management of the soils from the view point of carbon balance and flux in a semi-arid environment under drip irrigation.Soil CO 2 emission measurements were performed during May 2008 and May 2010,from both under tree crowns (CO 2-UC) and between tree rows (CO 2-BR),on a weekly basis in southeast Turkey with a semi-arid climate.CO 2 emissions were statistically correlated with weather and soil parameters such as air temperature,relative humidity,rainfall,soil water content,and soil temperature at various depths from 5 to 100 cm.The weekly emissions ranged from 82 to 1 110 kg CO 2 ha 1 week 1 and from 96 to 782 kg CO 2 ha 1 week 1 in CO 2-UC and CO 2-BR,respectively.Increase in CO 2 emission in the second year was due to increases in mean air and soil temperatures.The weekly and monthly cumulative CO 2 emissions were positively correlated with the air and soil temperatures.Multiple linear regression analysis explained 35% and 83% variations in average weekly and monthly CO 2 emissions,by using meteorological data.Including the interaction effects of meteorological parameters in regression equations nearly doubled the variance explained by the regression models.According to stepwise regression analysis,soil and air temperatures were found to have the most significant impact on the temporal variability of the soil CO 2 emission. 相似文献
10.
Soil water-retention characteristics at measurement scales are generally different from those at application scales, and there is scale disparity between them and soil physical properties. The relationships between two water-retention parameters, the scaling parameter related to the inverse of the air-entry pressure (αvG, cm-1) and the curve shape factor related to soil pore-size distribution (n) of the van Genuchten water-retention equation, and soil texture (sand, silt, and clay contents) were examined at multiple scales. One hundred twenty-eight undisturbed soil samples were collected from a 640-m transect located in Fuxin, China. Soil water-retention curves were measured and the van Genuchten parameters were obtained by curve fitting. The relationships between the two parameters and soil texture at the observed scale and at multiple scales were evaluated using Pearson correlation and joint multifractal analyses, respectively. The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that the parameter αvG was significantly correlated with sand, silt, and clay contents at the observed scale. Joint multifractal analyses, however, indicated that the parameter αvG was not correlated with silt and sand contents at multiple scales. The parameter n was positively correlated with clay content at multiple scales. Sand content was significantly correlated with the parameter n at the observed scale but not at multiple scales. Clay contents were strongly correlated to both water-retention parameters because clay content was relatively low in the soil studied, indicating that water retention was dominated by clay content in the field of this study at all scales. These suggested that multiple-scale analyses were necessary to fully grasp the spatial variability of soil water-retention characteristics. 相似文献
11.
内蒙古草原地处季节性冻土区,与放牧强度相关,土壤冻融过程对该地生态和水文过程有着显著影响,但相关研究相对欠缺。该文重点研究了内蒙古锡林郭勒草原3种放牧条件下UG79(1979年以来禁牧)、UG99(1999年以来禁牧)、HG(1979年以来持续放牧)季节性冻融期的土壤水热动态,以期准确理解放牧这一当地主要土地利用模式对土壤生态水文过程的影响。结果表明:与地上覆盖度相关,不同放牧条件下地表积雪厚度有明显差异,其中HG处理积雪厚度远小于其他处理,其土壤温度变化也最为剧烈。与不同处理土壤冻结速率相关,土壤冻结时HG,UG79和UG99的"聚墒区"分别为20—30cm,10—20cm和10—30cm,其中UG99"聚墒区"分布范围最广,且集中在牧草根系发达区域,对来年牧草生长提供了更好的水分条件。换言之,由于冻后聚墒效应,土壤消融期水分含量在土壤表层高于冻融前,其中UG99处理最大,达到了0.19m~3/m~3。该研究结果为内蒙古草原季节性冻土区控制放牧及合理的禁牧措施提供理论依据。 相似文献
12.
Soil labile organic carbon (C) oxidation drives the flux of carbon dioxide (CO2) between soils and the atmosphere. However, the impact of grazing management and the contribution soil aggregate size classes
(ASCs) to labile organic C from grassland soils is unclear. We evaluated the effects of grazing intensity and soil ASC on
the soil labile organic C, including CO2 production, microbial biomass C, and dissolved organic C and nitrogen (N) mineralization in topsoils (0–10 cm) in Inner Mongolia,
Northern China. Soil samples were separated into ASCs of 0–630 μm [fine ASC (fASC)], 630–2000 μm [medium ASC (mASC)] and >2000 μm
[coarse ASC (cASC)]. The results showed that heavy grazing (HG) and continuous grazing (CG) increased soil labile organic
C significantly compared to an ungrazed site since 1999 (UG99) and an ungrazed site since 1979 (UG79). For winter grazing
site (WG), no significant differences were found. CO2 production was highest in cASC, while lowest in fASC. Microbial biomass C and dissolved organic C showed the highest values
in mASC and were significantly lower in fASC. Grazing increased N mineralization in bulk soils, while it exhibited complex
effects in the three ASCs. The results suggest that the rate of C mineralization was related to the rate of N accumulation.
To reduce CO2 emission and nutrient loss, and to improve soil quality and productivity, a grazing system with moderate intensity is suggested. 相似文献
13.
Grazing intensity alters soil respiration in an alpine meadow on the Tibetan plateau 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Grazing intensity may alter the soil respiration rate in grassland ecosystems. The objectives of our study were to (1) determine the influence of grazing intensity on temporal variations in soil respiration of an alpine meadow on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau; and (2) characterise the temperature response of soil respiration under different grazing intensities. Diurnal and seasonal soil respiration rates were measured for two alpine meadow sites with different grazing intensities. The light grazing (LG) meadow site had a grazing intensity of 2.55 sheep ha−1, while the grazing intensity of the heavy grazing (HG) meadow site, 5.35 sheep ha−1, was approximately twice that of the LG site. Soil respiration measurements showed that CO2 efflux was almost twice as great at the LG site as at the HG site during the growing season, but the diurnal and seasonal patterns of soil respiration rate were similar for the two sites. Both exhibited the highest annual soil respiration rate in mid-August and the lowest in January. Soil respiration rate was highly dependent on soil temperature. The Q10 value for annual soil respiration was lower for the HG site (2.75) than for the LG site (3.22). Estimates of net ecosystem CO2 exchange from monthly measurements of biomass and soil respiration revealed that during the period from May 1998 to April 1999, the LG site released 2040 g CO2 m−2 y−1 to the atmosphere, which was about one third more than the 1530 g CO2 m−2 y−1 released at the HG site. The results suggest that (1) grazing intensity alters not only soil respiration rate, but also the temperature dependence of soil CO2 efflux; and (2) soil temperature is the major environmental factor controlling the temporal variation of soil respiration rate in the alpine meadow ecosystem. 相似文献
14.
Ungulate grazing is known to play a crucial role in regulating nutrient cycling and controlling plant community structure and productivity in grassland ecosystems. However, little is known about the effects of grazing intensities on soil bacterial community structure and diversity, particularly at the long-term scale. In this study, we measured plant biomass and diversity, soil characteristics and bacterial community structure, and diversity in a 16-year field experiment that had four grazing intensity treatments (non-grazed, CK; low-intensity grazing (LG), moderate-intensity grazing (MG), and high-intensity grazing (HG)) in an Inner Mongolian typical grassland. The CK, LG, MG, and HG sites were grazed by 0.00, 1.33, 4.00, and 6.67 sheep ha?1, respectively. Bacterial community structure and diversity under grazing intensity treatments were assessed with PCR amplification of DNAs extracted from soils and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) separation. The results showed that the CK soil had higher moisture, organic C, NH 4 + –N, and NO 3 ? –N concentrations than grazed soils, and the HG treatment had the lowest plant biomass and diversity across all the treatments. Principal component analysis of DGGE patterns showed that the LG and MG treatments were different from the CK and HG treatments. In addition, soil bacterial diversities in the LG and MG treatments were significantly higher than those in the other treatments. The relationships between environmental variables and soil bacterial community structure were assessed using redundancy analysis, and we found that soil moisture content, Artemisia frigida biomass, and pH were the best indicator of the changes in soil bacterial community structure among all the treatments. Overall, our results indicated that intermediate grazing intensities (LG and MG) increased soil bacterial diversities, and along with previous studies in this area, we suggested the MG treatment was the most suitable management practice in the Inner Mongolian steppe, not only supporting greater livestock amounts but also harboring greater bacterial diversity. 相似文献
15.
Chunli Li Xiying Hao Benjamin H. Ellert Walter D. Willms Mengli Zhao Guodong Han 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2012,175(3):339-344
We investigated soil response to long‐term cattle grazing at stocking rates 0 (CK), 2.4 (MG), and 4.8 (HG) animal unit months ha–1 on a Rough Fescue (Festuca campestris Rydb.) grassland. Soil organic C and N stocks and available nutrients were not affected by grazing while soil bulk densities (0–30 cm) were higher and P stocks (15–30 cm) were lower under grazing than CK. The slow rate change of soil C and N suggest the rich black grassland soils appear to tolerate intensive grazing. 相似文献
16.
Martin Wiesmeier Olivia Kreyling Markus Steffens Philipp Schoenbach Hongwei Wan Martin Gierus Friedhelm Taube Angelika Kölbl Ingrid Kögel‐Knabner 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2012,175(3):434-442
The assessment of grassland degradation due to overgrazing is a global challenge in semiarid environments. In particular, investigations of beginning steppe degradation after a change or intensification of the land use are needed in order to detect and adjust detrimental land‐use management rapidly and thus prevent severe damages in these sensitive ecosystems. A controlled‐grazing experiment was established in Inner Mongolia (China) in 2005 that included ungrazed (UG) and heavily grazed plots with grazing intensities of 4.5 (HG4.5) and 7.5 (HG7.5) sheep per hectare. Several soil and vegetation parameters were investigated at all sites before the start of the experiment. Topsoil samples were analyzed for soil organic C (SOC), total N (Ntot), total S (Stot), and bulk density (BD). As vegetation parameters, aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP), tiller density (TD), and leaf‐area index (LAI) were determined. After 3 y of the grazing experiment, BD increased and SOC, Ntot, Stot, ANPP, and LAI significantly decreased with increasing grazing intensity. These sensitive parameters can be regarded as early‐warning indicators for degradation of semiarid grasslands. Vegetation parameters were, however, more sensitive not only to grazing but also to temporal variation of precipitation between 2006 and 2008. Contrary, soil parameters were primarily affected by grazing and resistant against climatic variations. The assessment of starting conditions in the study area and the application of defined grazing intensities is essential for the investigation of short‐term degradation in semiarid environments. 相似文献
17.
线虫区系对科尔沁沙地草地退化的响应 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The responses of soil nematode communities to grassland degradation were studied under undegraded grassland （UG）, degraded grassland （DG）, and improved grassland （IG）, in Horqin Sandy Land, Inner Mongolia, Northeast China. Soil samples were collected at depths of 0-10, 10-20, and 20-30 cm. Total organic carbon （TOC） and total nitrogen （TN） exhibited positive effects on the total number of nematodes and trophic groups. Significant treatment effects were found in the total number of nematodes, plant parasites, and omnivores-predators. Measures taken in the improved grassland could improve the number of omnivorepredators, especially in the deeper soil layers. Nematode richness was lower in the DG treatment than in the IG and UG treatments. The food web structure index （SI） was significantly higher in the UG and IG treatments than in the DG treatment. A higher SI suggested a food web with more trophic linkages and relatively healthy ecosystems. 相似文献
18.
依托内蒙古乌兰察布市四子王旗境内短花针茅荒漠草原的10a放牧强度（不放牧、轻度放牧、重度放牧）试验平台,于2012年和2013年在荒漠草原生长季（5-10月）,设计放牧嵌套灌水的控制试验,以不灌水和不放牧为对照,研究净生态系统碳交换速率（net ecosystem exchange,NEE）、净生态系统呼吸速率（ecosystem respiration,RE）和总生态系统碳交换速率（gross ecosystem exchange,GEE）对不同水分条件（灌水、非灌水）和不同放牧强度的响应。结果表明：（1）荒漠草原生长季表现为净碳吸收（NEE和GEE<0）。不放牧条件下灌水通过增加土壤体积含水量（soli volumetric water content,Vwc）间接增加RE和生态系统碳吸收（P<0.01）,NEE、RE和GEE对灌水带来的土壤水分变化较为敏感。（2）不灌水条件下,NEE、RE和GEE在不同放牧强度处理中的差异并不显著,但8月后放牧带来的ΔNEE和ΔGEE正偏差显著大于8月前的负偏差（P<0.001）。（3）灌水和放牧的交互作用对NEE、RE和GEE均无显著影响,但放牧条件下增加Vwc可以增加生态系统碳吸收和呼吸作用。区分放牧强度时,RE和GEE对Vwc的线性回归模型斜率的绝对值在不放牧时最大（分别为0.26和0.61）,说明放牧导致荒漠草原生态系统碳交换对土壤水分变化的敏感性减小。 相似文献
19.
[目的]以内蒙古四子王旗境内退化荒漠草原为研究区域,研究不同植被恢复模式对植物群落组成、土壤含水量、土壤侵蚀的影响,为退化草原水土流失治理和草原生态建设提供理论依据。[方法]针对退化草原特点、水土流失特征,分析不同植被恢复模式下植物群落特征、土壤水分、地表径流和侵蚀量的变化,运用主成分分析对不同植被恢复模式的水土保持生态效益进行评价。[结果]退化荒漠草原的3种植被恢复模式试验样地的植物种类组成、群落总盖度、地上生物量均高于放牧天然草地,"围栏封育+灌木条带+施肥复壮"、"围栏封育+松土补播+草种包衣"2种植被恢复模式的地上生物量与放牧天然草地之间变化差异达到显著水平(p0.05);3种植被恢复模式的实施有效控制了土壤侵蚀,径流量和土壤侵蚀量均低于天然草地。[结论]"围栏封育+松土补播+草种包衣"植被恢复模式在保持水土资源,增加群落稳定性等方面的生态效益最好。 相似文献
20.
黄土丘陵半干旱区人工林迹地土壤水分恢复研究 总被引：9，自引：3，他引：9
为了研究黄土丘陵半干旱区人工林迹地土壤水分恢复情况,该文以正在生长的人工林土壤水分含量为人工林迹地土壤水分恢复的起点,并分别以持续农地和持续放牧荒坡的土壤含水量为林后农地和草地土壤水分恢复的上限,对位于黄土丘陵半干旱区绥德县境内的人工林迹地土壤水分恢复情况进行了研究。结果表明,人工林死后的放牧荒坡在20a的时间里,其土壤水分没有补偿;人工林死后的保护草地土壤水分有微弱恢复迹象,但年恢复速度在0.5～3.7 mm之间,以这样的速度恢复到持续放牧荒坡的土壤含水量,至少需要150a以上;林后农地土壤含水量有恢复趋势,年平均恢复速度为15 mm左右,其土壤含水量要恢复到持续农地当前的水平,大约需要40a的时间。研究结果揭示了黄土丘陵半干旱区人工林对土壤水分影响的长期性,并为制定可持续的土地利用规划提供借鉴资料。 相似文献