共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 218 毫秒
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澳大利亚：欧洲排放法规,给以木材而不是以煤为燃料的公司提供碳补偿优惠。澳大利亚森工企业表示,它们正在考虑使用来自塔斯马尼亚地区的木材废料加工木质颗粒燃料。 相似文献
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FAO罗马10月1日讯：粮农组织认为，哥斯达黎加将木质废弃物加工成绿色能源的项目为发展中国家的木材工业展现了新的前景。通过该项目的实施，可将木材加工过程中产生的大量锯屑和其他木质废弃物加工成颗粒燃料。 相似文献
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英国：德国第5大能源公司Evonik工业公司正在与英国谈判拟耗资9000万英镑在南安普顿建设一座能供应4万个家庭的生物质能源工厂。这座发电能力20MW的环保型工厂将使用汉普郡本地的木质碎片为燃料。一些木材燃料可能会通过南安普顿河驳运到工厂。据估计,工厂的建设过程会为几百人创造就业机会,工厂投产后,会提供30个全日制工作岗位。这个建设计划对英国的木材公司也有积极的意义,过去木材公司的木质碎片大部分都被丢弃了。 相似文献
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《国际木业》2013,(4):42-47
欧洲EUROPE2013年初木质颗粒燃料价格增长速度减缓2月中旬,中欧销售市场A1木质颗粒燃料交易价格增长速度放缓。年初许多生产商提高了销售价格,出厂价平均每吨200～210欧元。(陈玲)木材贸易额去年增长1.5%德国:据木材贸易协会(GesamtverbandDeutscherHolzhandel——GD Holz-General GermanTimber Trading Association)公布的数据,2012年德国木材贸易额比上年增长1.5%,达到110亿欧元。该协会将贸易额的增长归因于德国装修行业的积极趋势,而且还归因于城市的新建筑。(陈玲) 相似文献
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日本大型制材企业——中国木材（株）和三菱商事将联手共同开发木质生物能源发电事业。两公司于2005年7月11日共同出资成立了“神之池生物能源（株）”股份公司，本金为1亿日元，各出资50％；同年8月发表了一项计划，以中国木材（株）在茨城县临海工业区正在兴建的关东工厂产生的树皮和锯屑为燃料发展木质生物发电事业。 相似文献
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木质压缩固型燃料是以木材废材为原料,包括枝丫、树皮、截头、板皮、刨花、木屑、木粉等,用适当方法处理加工压缩而成的固型燃料,也称燃料棒、人造炭.木质压缩固型燃料的燃烧值一般在15800～20900kJ/kg,含水率7～13%,密度1.0～1.3g/cm~3,灰分1～3%,硫含量<0.1%,易点 相似文献
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利用废弃木质材料制作刨花板 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
张德衍 《林业机械与木工设备》2000,28(9):33-34
废弃木质材料是指使用过的实体木质材料及人造板材，如边角料、货架托盘以及建筑装修工程中拆除、更替的木质材料。废弃木质材料是城市固体废弃物的主要组成部分之一。１废弃木质材料的利用途径１．１用作燃料 废材的传统用途是用作燃料。随着城市燃料结构的变化以及环保压力的增加，废材用作燃料将逐渐受到限制。１．２制取化学原料 通过液化制取燃油或１００％地转化为化学原料。但迄今为止，木材液化尚未达到实用化阶段。１．３循环利用 将废弃木质材料再加工成人造板，其中较成熟的是用来生产刨花板。由于废材中铁钉、砂尘等外来物质多… 相似文献
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哥斯达黎加：粮农组织认为,哥斯达黎加将木质废弃物加工成绿色能源的项目为发展中国家的木材工业展现了新的前景。通过该项目的实施,可将木材加工过程中产生的大量锯屑和其他木质废弃物加工成颗粒燃料。该项目的实施,还有助于减少温室气体的排放,促进可持续发展。很多国家制材厂产生的木材加工剩余物占据着大量场地,并且还会污染当地的河流。这些废弃物腐朽后会释放出温室气体——甲烷,而且还会自燃,引起火灾。 相似文献
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Indiscriminate use of natural resources in the past has lead to fuelwood shortages in many parts of the tropical world. To surmount this domestic energy crisis, not only degraded sites must be planted with trees having high fuel value potential, but also agroforestry promoted on arable lands. To enable choice of species for such energy plantations/agroforests in the humid tropics of peninsular India, we assessed the heat of combustion and physical properties that determine combustion of phytofuels, such as ash content, specific gravity and moisture content. Bark and wood samples of 45 multipurpose tree species in the homegardens of Kerala, India and three fuel materials of local importance (coconut [Cocos nucifera] endocarp, dried coconut spathe and dehiscent rubber [Hevea braziliensis] pericarp) were evaluated. Variations abound in the calorific values and physical properties of species and tissue-types. In general, heat of combustion and specific gravity followed the sequence: heartwood > sapwood > bark, while mean ash percentage followed a reverse order (bark > sapwood > heartwood). Ash content had a negative correlation with heat of combustion, but specific gravity exerted a positive influence. Furthermore, ash content and wood specific gravity were inversely related. Although green moisture content increased in the order: bark < heartwood < sapwood, it failed to show any predictable relationship with heat of combustion.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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通过对保山市高黎贡山周边社区森林能源现状调查分析 ,结果表明 :该区现有森林资源 192 3万m3 ,每年的薪材消耗量为 16万m3 ,占总资源量的 0 83%。目前可能提供的薪材量为 7 6万m3 ,仅为需求量的 4 7 5%。作为主要薪材来源的杂灌木林 ,每公顷产柴量只有 4m3 ,仅为一般薪炭林产量的 4 3%。依据该区的经济及资源状况、消费结构、薪材供需和经营现状认为 ,要解决社区薪材供需矛盾 ,需要增加科技投入 ,加大低产林分改造力度 ,提高单位面积产柴量 ,限额开山采樵利用 ,加强经营管理技术 相似文献
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Vast areas of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws.) forest in the western United States have become unnaturally dense because of relatively recent land management practices that include fire suppression and livestock grazing. In many areas, thinning treatments can re-establish the natural ecological processes and help restore ecosystem structure and function. Precipitous global climate change has focused attention on the carbon storage in forests. An unintended consequence of fire suppression has been the increased storage of carbon in ponderosa stands. Thinning treatments reduce standing carbon stocks while releasing carbon through the combustion of fuel in logging machinery, burning slash, and the decay of logging slash and wood products. These reductions and releases of stored carbon must be compared to the risk of catastrophic fire burning through the stand and releasing large quantities of carbon to the atmosphere to more fully understand the costs and benefits – in carbon terms – of forest restoration strategies. 相似文献
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Philippe Leturcq 《Annals of Forest Science》2014,71(2):117-124
Context
The effective ways of using wood production with a view to mitigating climate change are still disputed. Currently, there are two major opposing conceptions. One proposes to increase the carbon stock in forests, in wood products or in some kind of long-term wood storage, thus giving primacy to carbon sequestration. The other invokes the concept of biomass carbon neutrality to assert that the substitution of wood for fossil fuels avoids carbon emissions.Aim and method
This paper contributes to this debate by comparing carbon footprints of heat generation when choosing wood or other fuels as alternatives.Result
On condition that wood can be preserved with sufficient durability to meet the time frame of the necessary transition towards carbon-free energy resources (decadal to centennial time scales), one can demonstrate that the use of fossil fuels, with the exception of coal, is still preferable. The reasons are that the intrinsic carbon emission factor for wood has the highest value among all fuels in common use and that reference to the concept of wood carbon neutrality neglects the possibility of storing carbon positively in wood for a long time.Conclusion
The conclusion is that to mitigate climate change it is better to store wood than use it as a fuel. 相似文献16.
Development of wood and wood ash-based hydroxyapatite composites and their fire-retarding properties 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
For making efficient use of waste wood ash emitted from wood biomass plant, the wood and wood ash-based hydroxyapatite (HAp) composite was produced and their flammability characterization was studied by thermogravimetric (DTA-TG) analysis, oxygen index (OI) measurement and cone calorimeter test. The results show that the exothermic and weight loss peaks in DTA-TG combustion profiles due to their significant thermal decomposition were weakened by the HAp agent impregnation. In addition, the OI value of HAp composites was increased by the HAp combining and the OI showed a correlation with the HAp contents. Also, the cone calorimeter study revealed that the heat release rates were decreased with increasing amount of HAp injection and accordingly their total heat release has an inverse relationship to the HAp contents. These results indicate that the treatment with wood ash-based HAp agents can enhance the flame retardancy of the treated woods. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(2):176-183
A computer-based model for the evaluation of energy use in mechanized wood harvesting systems (EnergyCalc) was developed with aid of life cycle analysis methodologies. The system boundaries were determined "from stump to roadside" with wood volume over bark (m3) as the functional unit. The computer model (based on a database system) used a Visual Basic program, and the energy audit was based on fuel and oil consumption, and the energy consumed in the manufacture of the machines and replacement parts. The general scenario from the literature, results from Sweden and a preliminary study from Ireland are presented. In the overall energy audit of mechanized wood harvesting systems in Ireland, fuel consumption was the most significant item (82%), followed by oils (7%) and machine repairs and replacement (11%). The mean energy use from the data for Ireland was found to be 16% higher than the equivalent in Sweden (120 vs 103 MJ m?3). An energy reduction strategy that has the potential to reduce overall energy consumption for Irish systems by up to 13% was suggested. 相似文献
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Valeria Reva Luís Fonseca José L. Lousada Isabel Abrantes Domingos X. Viegas 《European Journal of Forest Research》2012,131(4):1025-1033
The pinewood nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, the causal agent of the pine wilt disease, has been detected in several regions of Portugal affecting Pinus pinaster, a coniferous species of a great economic value. The nematodes, migrating through resin canals and feeding on parenchyma cells, induce rapid metabolic changes in ray parenchyma cells, cavitation areas, and denaturation and necrosis of parenchyma and cambial cells. To understand how anatomic changes and biochemical incidences of tree defense reactions affect the technological parameters of the wood, the gross calorific value (GCV) and chemical composition of PWN-infected and -uninfected P. pinaster wood were evaluated. The GCV was determined using Parr 6300 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter, and chemical composition analysis was performed by determining the contents of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur and Ash on complete and instant oxidation of samples by “flash” combustion. The Student’s t test with Welch correction was used for statistical data analysis. The difference between the GCV and chemical composition for PWN-infected and -uninfected P. pinaster wood was statistically significant for the GCV and for hydrogen and nitrogen contents. The carbon, oxygen, sulfur and Ash contents did not differ statistically. The GCV of PWN-infected wood varied between the highest value of hardwood and the lowest value of softwood. This interdisciplinary study stresses the important technological and economic aspects, namely the impact of PWN on wood properties and the suitability of infected P. pinaster wood for use in the wood-processing and energy industries. 相似文献
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从燃烧动力学、热力学以及气体分子动力学理论出发,推导了木粉燃爆的动力学理论模型,对试验得到的所有木粉浓度的爆炸压力进行了理论仿真计算。与现有模型计算结果相比,试验模型对数据的拟合更好,不同浓度相应的最大爆炸压力理论计算也与试验结果更吻合。此外,利用试验理论模型还可以很好地拟合现有模型没有拟合的3种不同木粉浓度的试验数据,理论计算值与试验值的偏离最低为1%,平均偏离为5%。结果表明:木粉燃爆的最大爆炸压力先随木粉浓度增加而升高,并在中间某一浓度时达到极大值。随着浓度增加,最大爆炸压力反而呈现下降趋势。理论仿真计算结果与试验结果一致,弥补了现有模型存在的理论计算与试验测试不一致的缺陷。 相似文献