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1.
T Bilzer 《Tier?rztliche Praxis》1991,19(3):276-281
Invasive tumors of the pituitary gland associated with Cushing's disease and diabetes insipidus are described in ten dogs. All patients showed typical clinical symptoms including polyuria/polydipsia and acanthosis nigricans. All tumors led to compression und partial destruction of the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland and the infundibular stalk; two of them infiltrated the hypothalamic region. All tumors produced ACTH and caused hyperadrenocorticism. In six cases, additional expression of beta-lipoprotein and MSH were found: in pars intermedia adenomas many cells stained strongly for MSH and/or beta-lipoprotein, whereas in tumors of the pars distalis only occasional cells stained positive. The purpose of the present study was to describe the neuropathological findings and the immunohistochemistry of hormone excretion in pituitary tumors in dogs resulting in Cushing's disease associated with D.i., to review the literature and to discuss the pathogenesis. 相似文献
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Yoshihiko BABA Yasuyuki KAKE Masayuki YOSHIDA Kazumasa UEMATSU 《Fisheries Science》2003,69(3):581-588
ABSTRACT: Fish swim by undulatory contractions of the axial trunk musculature. It has been presumed that a descending signal from the brainstem activates central pattern generators in the spinal cord to make the swimming rhythm. In the carp the electrical or chemical stimulation of a mesencephalic nucleus, the nucleus fasciculi longitudinalis medialis (Nflm), could initiate swimming. However, it has not been established what signals originate from the Nflm in order to make the fish swim. The activity of the Nflm neurons was therefore examined electrophysiologically during fictive swimming in paralyzed carp. Three types of neuronal activities closely related to the swimming rhythms were obtained. The first type was a continuous tonic firing throughout an episode of fictive swimming. Neurons involved in this tonic activity may project to the spinal cord and contribute to the activation of spinal neurons to initiate fish swimming. The second type was accompanied by continual phasic firings occurring in rhythm with the activity of spinal motoneurons. Supposing that the swimming rhythm originates in the spinal cord, the synchronous activity in the brain neurons may suggest that in the nucleus there is a relay neuron conveying the rhythm information from the cord to other neurons there or in the brain. The third type exhibited reduced firing rates during fictive swimming. It is possible that the neurons engaged in this activity may be inhibitory and suppress the activities of other neurons in the nucleus and spinal cord during rest or during decelerating swimming. 相似文献
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V Grevel 《Tier?rztliche Praxis》1991,19(5):553-560
The differentiation of cells of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) gives valuable information about certain neurologic diseases. The sedimentation technique of Sayk modified by K?lmel is introduced and its application described. Cells of 300 samples of CSF from dogs and cats are evaluated. There were very good to reasonable results in 88% (263 of 300) of the samples. A comparison between cell number, morphology and protein content in 150 samples was performed. 90 CSF samples with normal cell count (less than or equal to 5/mm3, determined in the Fuchs-Rosenthal chamber) were compared with the cell yield after sedimentation. In 58% (52 of 90) of the samples more than 200 cells were found, in 13% (12 of 90) more than 800 could be differentiated. The results are compared with those of other methods mentioned in the literature. 相似文献
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A metastasizing glioma in a 4-year-old boxer bitch is described. Clinical symptoms included ataxia, blindness, and increased cervical pain sensation. The tumor metastasized to an extraordinary extent via the cerebrospinal fluid. Tumor masses surrounded the whole spinal cord including the cauda equina. Histological examination revealed a variable morphology of the glioma. Immunohistochemical investigations showed some tumor cells reacting with antibodies specific to GFAP and S-100 protein. In contrast, NSE, 200 kd NF, vimentin, and desmin could not be demonstrated within tumor cells. The results are discussed in detail. 相似文献
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Abstract. Mass mortalities of hatchery-reared Japanese parrotfish larvae and juveniles, Oplegnathus fasciatus (Temminck & Schlegel), have occurred in Nagasaki Prefecture. Light and electron microscopic examinations showed that the only consistent histopathological feature was extensive nervous necrosis in the spinal cord, spinal ganglia and brain. Numerous non-enveloped virus particles, icosahedral in morphology and measuring about 34 nm in diameter, were found in the cytoplasm of affected neurones and glial cells. Such nervous necrosis is believed to be the major cause of the mass mortalities of hatchery-reared Japanese parrotfish larvae and juveniles. 相似文献
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Three groups of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cells can be formed: 1. cells of the normal CSF, such as monocytes, small lymphocytes and occasionally cells of the ventricle system, 2. cells found in dogs and cats with neurologic disorders, such as reactive monocytes and lymphocytes, macrophages, neutrophils and eosinophils in addition to cells of the first group, 3. neoplastic cells. The different cells are introduced and their origin, function and occurrence are discussed. Mitotic figures, degenerated cells and artefacts are also mentioned. 相似文献
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In a retrospective study of 38 horses with Borna encephalitis which were clinically and histopathologically examined in the "I. Medizinische Tierklinik" in Munich between 1977 and 1990, the epidemiology, the clinical symptomatic and the diagnostic procedures available are presented. Indirect immunofluorescence showed antibodies in the serum of 12 out of 29 cases (41%) and in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 17 out of 28 cases (61%). The evaluation of 23 cases in which indirect immunofluorescence of serum and CSF, and also the post mortem virological and histopathological examination of the brain were performed, showed that a diagnosis was made in 61% of the cases before death. In 39% the diagnosis of Borna disease could only be reached post mortem. 相似文献
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Abstract. Commercial slaughtering of eel sold fresh starts with the so-called 'neck-cut'. This tran5ectlon of the spinal column separates the spinal cord from the brain. In due course the slaughtering process is completed by gutting, skinning and, finally, by decapitation. There is a widespread belief that the advantage of the neck-cut is that it causes immediate death. However, inspection of eels with a neck-cut revealed no visible injury to the brain. Repeating the method as a laboratory experiment and subsequent observation of the experimental eels resulted in spinal regeneration, as reflected by behavioural recovery through four stages in about 6 weeks. It seems that after the neck-cut the brain is still intact, both structurally and functionally, and remains so as long as the slaughtering has not been completed. Thus a prolonged state of suffering cannot be ruled out. Consequently, slaughtering of eel should include instant destruction of the brain. 相似文献
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I Fiebiger 《Tier?rztliche Praxis》1986,14(4):515-524
This article deals with diseases producing hypoglycemia in juvenile dogs, especially in toy breeds. This leads to a life-threatening condition, which has to be recognized and treated as quickly as possible to prevent irreversible brain damage. Pathophysiological mechanisms of transient juvenile hypoglycemia and persistent forms of hypoglycemia in young dogs are discussed. 相似文献
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赤点石斑鱼病毒性神经坏死症的组织病理和电镜观察 总被引：2，自引：3，他引：2
用逆转录-聚合酶链式反应（RT-PCR）检测患病赤点石斑鱼苗，呈Beta诺达病毒阳性。光学显微镜下观察到病鱼的脑、视网膜、脊髓有空泡．在脑部，空泡主要分布在端脑、间脑和小脑。受感染的细胞明显收缩、致密变化和嗜碱性。包涵体常为圆形，大小不一。透射电镜下，在感染细胞的细胞质可观察到含有病毒粒子的致密体。病毒粒子呈等面体，无外膜，直径为25～28nm，随机分布在细胞质或在致密体内排列成品格状。致密体大小不一。偶尔观察到较大致密体的外膜已破裂，病毒粒子被释放到细胞质。 相似文献
12.
In 16 years 13,869 dogs were autopsied. Angiosarcomas were found in 321 cases (2.3%). The frequency has increased since 1981 and was doubled. Alsations and boxers were found to have a statistically significant predisposition. Dogs affected with this tumor were between 3 and 15 years old, the average being 9.4 years. The tumour could more frequently be found in male dogs than in bitches. Primary localizations were mainly spleen, heart, or liver. Haematogenous metastases were very common, in some cases a primary multiplicity was supposed. The distribution of the metastases depended on the organ primarily involved. 相似文献
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Y-S Lai H-C Chiu S Murali I-C Guo S-C Chen K Fang & C-Y Chang 《Journal of fish diseases》2001,24(4):237-244
Mouse monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were produced by using yellow grouper nervous necrosis virus (YGNNV) as an immunogen, isolated from infected yellow grouper, Epinephelus awoara (Temminck & Schlegel), and propagated in GB cells. In enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), 43 hybridoma clones secreting MAbs strongly reacted with the purified virus. Ten of them showed a higher neutralization index (NI) value between 6.5 and 4.5 (log10 NI) than the other 33 MAbs against YGNNV infection in cell culture. All 10 MAbs belonged to the IgG isotype with a κ light chain and recognized the 42 kDa coat protein of YGNNV by Western blot analysis. Immunohistochemical results demonstrated that the viral signals co-located with pathological lesions observed in retina, brain and spinal cord. These results indicate that the MAbs are useful for confirmative diagnosis of YGNNV infection. 相似文献
16.
Atrial natriuretic peptide has been considered to be a major regulator in the body's water and salt homeostasis. Antagonizing those mechanisms leading to volume retention and overload (renin, angiotensin, aldosterone), ANP has been suggested to play a critical role in the pathology of certain diseases like renal failure, congestive heart failure or hypertension. In this regard, we measured ANP plasma concentration in normal healthy dogs and dogs with renal failure, congestive heart failure and Cushing syndrome. ANP levels were slightly decreased in dogs with Cushing disease (n = 9; 5.5 +/- 2 fmol/ml), increased in renal failure (n = 7; 16.2 +/- 5.8 fmol/ml, p less than 0.05) and markedly augmented in dogs with congestive heart failure (n = 14; 52.9 +/- 29.75 fmol/ml, p less than 0.01) as compared to healthy dogs (n = 6; 8.3 +/- 3.5 fmol/ml). Furthermore, characterization of the measured immunoreactivity (IR-ANP) revealed, that up to 50% of the IR-ANP in dogs with congestive heart failure corresponds to the ANP precursor molecule, not found in healthy subjects. This fact might present one possible explanation for the attenuated response to ANP in congestive heart failure. In addition, this finding may also serve a diagnostical purpose. 相似文献
17.
The goal of this study was to identify a myxosporidian parasite infecting the central nervous system of yellow perch Perca flavescens (Mitchell, 1814) observed while investigating a fish kill in Saskatchewan, Canada. Fish were collected from seven different lakes, from two distinct watersheds. Sixty-four per cent (54/86) of yellow perch contained myxozoan pseudocysts located throughout the spinal cord and brain. Myxospores measured 16.5 μm (range 16.2–16.8) long and 8.2 μm (range 7.9–8.4) wide and contained two pyriform, mildly dissymmetrical, polar capsules measuring 7.7 μm (range 7.3–8.1) long and 2.7 μm (range 2.4–3.0) wide. The polar capsules each contained a single polar filament, with 7–9 turns per polar filament coil. Sequencing of the 18S SSU rDNA gene demonstrated >99% similarity to Myxobolus neurophilus. In 60% of infected fish, there was a mild to moderate, non-suppurative myelitis or encephalitis, or both, associated with myxospores. Axonal degeneration was present in rare cases. These findings extend the geographical distribution of M. neurophilus and suggest it may be widespread in yellow perch populations in Saskatchewan. 相似文献
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褐牙鲆变态期间骨骼发育及其相关基因Sox9,Bmp4和Bmp2的表达分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
褐牙鲆作为一种重要的经济鱼种,有一个特殊的变态发育时期,其间骨骼形态和位置都发生很大改变。本研究利用三重染色技术,对褐牙鲆变态发育时期不同阶段的仔鱼整体骨骼进行染色,并对各阶段仔鱼及部分成鱼组织,采用特异性引物对骨骼发育的相关基因Bmp2,Bmp4和Sox9基因片段进行了克隆和半定量分析。研究表明,随着仔鱼变态发育,部分软骨逐渐转化为硬骨,头部筛骨呈不对称分化,额骨和顶骨位置发生改变,口形态改变,鳃丝软骨成骨,脊椎逐渐发育成熟,随之侧线位置发生改变。Sox9以及Bmp2、Bmp4基因在这时期中存在着差异表达,对骨骼发育有一定的调控作用。成鱼中,Bmp2和Sox9只在鳃、肠道和肝脏中有表达,且鳃中表达量较高。Sox9出膜后表达量突然增加,头部表达量较高,变态发育中开始递减,在变态高峰期明显减少;而Bmp4表达量则是出膜后明显减少,随后在变态高峰期表达量有增加,总体趋势表达量减少。 相似文献
19.
Bacteriological examinations of 159 faeces and intestinal contents of dogs with diarrhoea revealed E. coli in 157 specimens. 73 of these samples contained non haemolytic strains, 18 haemolytic isolates, and 66 haemolytic, as well as non haemolytic strains. Klebsiella sp. and Staphylococcus aureus were found in 9 cases, and Salmonella sp. (group B) was isolated once only. By electron microscopy parvovirus could be detected in 19 samples. Ten were positive for coronavirus and one for rotavirus. Morphologically not finally identified coronavirus like and picornavirus like particles were found in 3 cases, respectively. A significant relationship between the occurrence of virus infections and the isolation of certain bacteria species was not found. In 45 E. coli strains virulence factors, such as the heat labile enterotoxin (LT) and the verotoxin (VT), could not be detected, but 31 of these isolates showed different haemagglutination patterns which were still present by 14 of them in the presence of mannose (mannose resistant haemagglutination, MR-HA). These MR-HA inducing E. coli isolates were present more often in parvovirus positive samples (in 6 of 10) than they could be detected in parvovirus negative ones (in 8 of 35), implicating a potential pathogenic role of these E. coli strains for the parvovirus enteritis of dogs. 相似文献
20.
水温(20±1)℃,采用静水测试法研究了养殖水体中不同质量浓度Zn2+(0、9.52、13.14、18.30、25.02、34.53mg/L)对体质量约10g的草鱼脑和肝胰脏的组织结构及肝胰脏中超氧化物歧化酶活性的影响,探讨重金属的毒性积累和毒性机制。试验结果表明,Zn2+对草鱼的24、48h和96h半致死质量浓度分别为23.058、19.317、10.155mg/L,由公式(48hLC50×0.3)/(24hLC50/48hLC50)2和96hLC50×0.1计算出安全质量浓度分别为4.068mg/L和1.0155mg/L。中毒初期草鱼脑细胞轻微聚集,细胞核微增大;随时间延长脑异常加重,细胞聚集明显,核增大几乎充满整个脑细胞;肝胰脏细胞膨大,离散,核缩小,胞浆轻微溢出,少数肝胰脏细胞胞浆溢出,残留的核物质散乱分布,肝胰脏细胞凝固性坏死。随着Zn2+质量浓度的升高和时间延长,草鱼肝脏中超氧化物歧化酶活性降低。 相似文献