共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
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JOHN B. MADISON VMD WILLIAM J. DONAWICK DVM DiplomateACVs DUDLEY E. JOHNSTON BVSC MVSC DiplomateACVs ROGER A. ORSINI MD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1989,18(1):15-21
Skin expansion was used in three horses, one heifer, and one dog to aid in the repair of cosmetic defects. Skin expansion was produced by inserting an expandable silicone device subcutaneously and gradually inflating the device with saline. Skin expansion allowed skin to be mobilized and sutured over cosmetic defects without excessive tension. A successful outcome was achieved in four of the five cases reported here. In one animal, two attempts to create a pocket for a silicone prosthesis failed because the expanders ruptured. Complications included implant failure, wound dehiscence, and exposure of an expander. Skin expansion can be used to enable closure of skin defects in areas where skin tension usually precludes repair by local transposition. 相似文献
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GARY J. SPODNICK DVM Diplomate ACVS MICHAEL M. PAVLETIC DVM Diplomate ACVS GEOFFREY N. CLARK DVM Diplomate ACVS SCOTT H. SCHELLING DVM Diplomate ACVP KARL H. KRAUS dvm ms Diplomate acvs 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1993,22(6):436-443
Controlled tissue expansion using a 100 cc rectangular silicone elastomer expander was performed in the mid-antebrachium and mid-crus of eight adult mixed-breed dogs. Two expander inflation schedules were followed. Group 1 dogs (n = 4) underwent expander inflation using 10 cc sterile saline every other day, and group 2 dogs (n = 4) underwent expander inflation using 15 cc sterile saline every other day until the nominal volume (100 cc) was attained. Significant mean postexpansion increases in skin surface area of 94.1 cm2 (35.9%) and 108.9 cm2 (37.3%) were measured in the antebrachium and crus, respectively (p < .05). In a second procedure, the expanders were removed and skin flaps were developed from the redundant tissue generated during the expansion process. Single pedicle advancement flaps and transposition flaps were used to cover surgically created defects measuring 5 times 10 cm in the antebrachium and cms. Single pedicle advancement flaps consistently measured 10 × 10 cm and could be advanced to cover defects involving one third of the mid-antebrachial or mid-crural circumference. Transposition flaps were rotated up to 170 and the donor site defects were easily closed under minimal or no tension. Complications included an abscess in one dog and seroma formation in four dogs. Differences in success or complication rates between group 1 dogs and group 2 dogs were not observed; an accelerated inflation schedule using 15 cc sterile saline every other day was recommended. 相似文献
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Based on a shrinkage-free methodical approach (special plastic resin embedding, frozen section technique) and histological routine staining, the thickness of the different skin layers was measured from 15 regions of the outer and the inner side of the porcine auricle. Mean thickness values were for the str. corneum: 19 microns outside/20 microns inside, vital epidermis without ridges: 52 microns outside/56 microns inside, dermis: 1175 microns outside/1112 microns inside, hypodermis: 1024 microns outside/741 microns inside, perichondrium: 295 microns outside/220 microns inside. When both sides of the auricle were compared, it became obvious that the outer side generally had a thicker dermis (1140-1290 microns) and hypodermis (780-1150 microns), whereas the inner side had a thicker vital epidermis (50-60 microns) and deeper epidermal ridges (145-165 microns). The results are discussed with regard to corresponding findings from the human skin, and one region of the outer side of the porcine auricle is recommended as suitable for human dermatological research. 相似文献
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W.G. KELLER DVM D.N. ARON DVM Diplomate ACVS P.M. RAKICH DVM PhD D.T. CROWE DVM Diplomate ACVS M.A. MARKS MS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1994,23(1):31-39
In phase I, tissue expanders were implanted subcutaneously over the lateral crural region of four dogs. The expanders were inflated daily to maintain a constant intraluminal pressure for 7 days. All animals tolerated the pressurized expanders well. Some animal patient discomfort was associated with repeated injections into the subcutaneous filling port. One dog developed a limited area of tissue loss and exposure of the expander. Tissue response to the expanders included epidermal hyperplasia, dermal collagen compression with early fibroplasia, and subcutaneous granulation tissue formation adjacent to the expander pocket. In phase II, a second group of four dogs underwent rapid skin expansion over 7 days. The pressure applied to the expanding skin was determined daily and adjusted to approximate the value reported for capillary pressure in the dog. Tissue discoloration occurred in two dogs, suggestive of impaired circulation. Skin flaps were developed from expanded skin and rotated over the talocrural region. Wound dehiscence occurred along the distal flap margin in three phase II dogs. These wounds healed by second intention. Branches of the caudal saphenous artery were identified, using angiography, as the primary blood supply to the skin flaps. 相似文献
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García-Fernández RA Pérez-Martínez C Alvarez JE Navarrete AJ García-Iglesias MJ 《Veterinary dermatology》2006,17(1):36-44
Epidermal morphogenesis was studied in vivo following prenatal exposure to retinoic acid (RA). In pregnant mice, a single oral dose of RA on day 11.5 of gestation failed to induce histological changes in fetal epidermal development except in epidermal thickness. Epidermal thickness increased from 16.5 days post-coitum (dpc) onwards, and temporal and spatial epidermal modifications in keratins K5 and K14 related to proliferative activity of keratinocytes were observed. An RA effect on cell proliferation was supported by a statistically significant increase in the number of epidermal S-phase cells, containing BrdU-incorporated DNA in RA-exposed mice compared with nonexposed animals. The prolonged in utero action of RA on epidermal proliferative activity in fetuses and newborns suggests a long-term RA effect that may play a role on the development and evolution of diseases in adult skin. 相似文献
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Maneenooch Khiao In Kenneth C. Richardson Anna Loewa Sarah Hedtrich Sabine Kaessmeyer Johanna Plendl 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2019,48(3):207-217
Because of the shortage of human skin for research purposes, porcine skin has been used as a model of human skin. The aim of this study was to identify the region of German Landrace pig skin that could be used as the best possible substitute for human abdominal skin. Porcine samples were collected from the ear, flank, back and caudal abdomen; human abdominal skin samples were excised during plastic surgery. Histological and ultrastructural assessments were carried out on the epidermis and dermis, with emphasis on the dermo‐epidermal interface length, dermo‐epidermal thickness ratio as well as densities of; hair follicles, arrector pili muscles, blood vessels and sweat glands. In the pig, the barrier function of the four anatomical regions was assessed. Results showed that both histologically and ultrastructurally, all four regions of porcine skin were similar to human skin. These include the shapes of keratinocytes, structure of cell contacts and presence of Weibel Palade bodies in endothelial cells. Other parameters such as the thickness of epidermis, the thickness of stratum basale, spinosum and granulosum and the number of cell layers in the stratum corneum were similar in human abdominal and in all four regions of porcine skin. However, there were also significant differences especially in the thickness of the stratum corneum, the dermo‐epidermal interface length and the blood vessel density. 相似文献
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Basic Concepts of the Bovine Teat Canal 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Paulrud CO 《Veterinary research communications》2005,29(3):215-245
The bovine teat canal is highly specialized in its unique function of preventing both leakage of milk and entry of bacteria and thereby plays a major role in the defence of the udder against mastitis. The teat canal is a longitudinally folded cylinder-shaped body opening, covered with approximately the same type of epithelia as the normal skin and surrounded with a net-like integrated musculoelastic system facilitating its opening and closure. During milking, dead, flattened, enucleated squamae (cellular detritus) are sloughed from the teat canal surface and are continually replaced by inner cells differentiating outwards. The epidermis is characterized by a polarized pattern of epithelial growth and differentiation, with a single layer of proliferating keratinocytes and multiple overlying differentiated layers. Morphologically, the cells transit from the basal layers on the basement membrane of the dermis through stratum corneum before they finally end up as the keratin of the teat canal. The majority of the epidermal protein synthesizing machinery is devoted to making keratin. This is reflected in the fact that keratins are the major structural proteins, constituting up to 85% of a fully differentiated keratinocyte. Epidermal keratin is a 40-70 kDa alpha-helical coiled-coil dimer of the intermediate filament family that, among other marker proteins, characterizes each stage of keratinocyte differentiation. Studies of skin fragility disorders show that the primary role of keratins in epidermal cells is to reinforce them so that they do not lyse upon physical pressure and to provide cells with subtly different properties of resistance and plasticity to equip the epithelial cells for the physical stress of each particular body site. Epithelial cell specialization for function also depends, however, on the lipid composition and organization and on the epidermal architecture. Epidermal architecture depends on epidermal turnover time, which in turn depends on cell number as well as the proliferative condition. Both in vitro and in vivo studies have implicated calcium as a major modulator of epidermal differentiation. Calcium is a factor known to enhance differentiation and promote expression of the differentiation-specific keratin genes. In animals and humans, both topical and systemic retinoids produce acanthosis, hypergranulosis and a relative (but not absolute) decrease in the thickness of the stratum corneum. Despite a high degree of epithelial specialization, we expect a somewhat similar immunological functional importance in the teat canal epithelia as in other stratified squamous keratinized type epithelia. 相似文献
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Szabo P Dam TK Smetana K Dvoránková B Kübler D Brewer CF Gabius HJ 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2009,38(1):68-75
The human lectin galectin-3 is a multifunctional effector with special functions in regulation of adhesion and apoptosis. Its unique trimodular organization includes the 12-residue N-terminal sequence, a substrate for protein kinase CK1-dependent phosphorylation. As a step towards elucidating its significance, we prepared phosphorylated galectin-3, labelled it and used it as a tool in histochemistry. We monitored normal and malignant squamous epithelia. Binding was suprabasal with obvious positive correlation to the degree of differentiation and negative correlation to proliferation. The staining pattern resembled that obtained with the unmodified lectin. Basal cell carcinomas were invariably negative. The epidermal positivity profile was akin to distribution of the desmosomal protein desmoglein, as also seen with keratinocytes in vitro . In all cases, binding was inhibitable by the presence of lactose, prompting further investigation of the activity of the lectin site by a sensitive biochemical method, i.e. isothermal titration calorimetry. The overall affinity and the individual enthalpic and entropic contributions were determined. No effect of phosphorylation was revealed. This strategic combination of histo- and biochemical techniques applied to an endogenous effector after its processing by a protein kinase thus enabled a detailed monitoring of the binding properties of the post-translationally modified lectin. It underscores the value of using endogenous lectins as a histochemical tool. The documented approach has merit for applications beyond lectinology. 相似文献
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Cell proliferation kinetic values were established for the epidermis, hair follicle epithelium, and sebaceous glands of 8 Cocker Spaniels with primary idiopathic seborrhea. Values were established by intradermal pulse labeling injections of tritiated thymidine followed by cutaneous biopsy and autoradiography. The epidermal basal cell-labeling index was 4.96 +/- 0.97%, and the epidermal nucleated cell-labeling index was 3.33 +/- 0.71%. Calculated epidermal cell renewal time for the viable layers of the epidermis was 7.85 +/- 1.80 days. The hair follicle infundibulum basal cell-labeling index was 5.48 +/- 2.01%, and the sebaceous gland basal cell-labeling index was 5.94 +/- 4.15%. When compared with previously reported cell kinetic values for Cocker Spaniels and Beagles with healthy skin, these data indicate accelerated cellular proliferation in all 3 cutaneous structures in seborrheic Cocker Spaniels. 相似文献
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Cell proliferation kinetic values were established for the epidermis, hair follicle epithelium, and sebaceous glands of 10 Beagles and 4 Cocker Spaniels with healthy skin and coats. Values were established by intradermal pulse-labeling injections of [3H]thymidine, examination of cutaneous biopsied tissues, and autoradiography. The epidermal basal cell-labeling index was 1.41 +/- 0.46% for Beagles and 1.71 +/- 0.56% for Cocker Spaniels. The hair follicle basal cell-labeling index was 1.46 +/- 0.78 and 1.07 +/- 0.42%, respectively. Calculated epidermal cell-renewal time for viable layers of the epidermis was 23.38 +/- 5.93 days for Beagles and 20.97 +/- 4.92 days for Cocker Spaniels. Differences between cell kinetic data for the 2 breeds were not significant (P greater than 0.05). The basal cell-labeling index for the sebaceous gland was significantly (P = 0.009) lower for Cocker Spaniels (0.40 +/- 0.18%) than for Beagles (1.81 +/- 1.08%). Seemingly, epidermal and follicular cell proliferation kinetics in healthy dogs was similar between the 2 breeds, whereas sebaceous gland basal cells were less proliferative in healthy Cocker Spaniels than in healthy Beagles. 相似文献
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Walter JH 《Veterinary dermatology》2001,12(2):81-87
The purpose of this study was to characterize the cytokeratins (CKs) present in the clinically normal skin of dogs. Skin samples from five German shepherds, five Boxers, five Cocker spaniels, five Yorkshire terriers and five mongrels were examined biochemically (using gel electrophoresis and western blotting) and immunohistochemically (using a alkaline phosphatase anti-alkaline phosphatase technique). Results indicated that the canine epidermis expressed the cytokeratins 1, 5, 6, 10/11, 14 and 16. There were no consistent differences in CK expression between the examined breeds with the exception of an individual polymorphism in CK1 and CK10/11. Immunohistochemical studies showed CK 14 labelling of the basal cell layer whereas CK10/11 staining was seen in the suprabasal cell layer of epidermis. Surprisingly, expression of CK6, known as 'stress' cytokeratin, was demonstrated in all epidermal samples. These results indicate that there is a striking consistency of cytokeratin expression in different breeds which should be useful in the investigation and characterization of canine skin diseases. 相似文献
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Heimann M Beco L Petein M Nishifuji K Amagai M Olivry T Olivry DT 《Veterinary pathology》2007,44(4):550-555
Pemphigus vegetans is a rare autoimmune blistering acantholytic dermatosis of humans that combines unusually hyperplastic and verrucous pustular skin lesions and mucosal erosions. We report herein the clinical, histopathologic, and immunologic findings in a dog whose lesions resembled, but were not identical to, those of human pemphigus vegetans. A 4-year-old male Greater Swiss Mountain Dog presented with multifocal cutaneous verrucous and crusted papules and pustules, as well as skin and mucosal erosions and ulcers. Microscopic lesions consisted of exophytic papillated epidermal hyperplasia, superficial and deep intraepidermal acantholytic neutrophilic and eosinophilic pustules, and suprabasal epidermal clefts leaving rounded basal keratinocytes at the bottom of the vesicles. Direct and indirect immunofluorescence revealed antikeratinocyte IgG autoantibodies. Immunoprecipitation immunoblotting and immunoabsorption experiments with recombinant canine desmogleins confirmed that autoantibodies recognized desmoglein-1. In this dog, clinical and histopathologic features resembled those of human pemphigus vegetans, while circulating autoantibodies against canine desmoglein-1 were solely identified. This antigen target is different from that of the human disease in which antidesmoglein-3 autoantibodies are detected most commonly. 相似文献
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M. D. Cullen A. Ehrle S. C. Willson J. M. Wilmink D. C. Archer 《Equine Veterinary Education》2022,34(4):e169-e175
A 5-year-old gelding used for showing was presented for surgical repair of a full-thickness 15 mm diameter defect in the right pinna, which had occurred as a delayed complication following laser excision of a sarcoid. The defect had resulted in progressive deformity of the ear, and the horse was considered at risk of further injury if the defect became entrapped on a fixed object. Two artificial dermis meshes were inserted to encourage the formation of granulation tissue across the defect, and a commercially available skin expander was implanted adjacent to the site. Eighteen days later, a second surgery was performed to remove the skin expander and to mobilise a local rotational skin flap to close the defect. Both surgeries were performed under standing sedation and local anaesthesia. The site healed well, avoiding further potential trauma to the ear and deformity due to tissue contracture at the site, although some deformation of the lateral aspect of the cartilage remained. 相似文献
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Schwarz C Leicht U Rothe C Drosse I Luibl V Röcken M Schieker M 《Research in veterinary science》2012,93(1):457-462
Adult stem cells are of particular interest for therapeutic use in the field of regenerative medicine. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) are an attractive stem cell source for all fields of regenerative medicine because adipose tissue - and therewith cells - can easily be harvested from each donor. However, common expansion using fetal bovine serum (FBS) can not be used for clinical applications as xenogenic proteins must be avoided. Adipose tissue from equine, canine and porcine donors was digested with collagenase to isolate ASCs. ASCs were either expanded in a cell culture medium supplemented with FBS or in a serum-free medium (UltraCulture; UC) supplemented with a serum substitute (UltroserG). From all three animal species, the adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation potential of ASCs cultured with different media was analyzed in vitro. Cell proliferation analysis showed a population doubling time of 48-68 h for canine cells, 54-65 h for porcine cells and 54-70 h for equine cells, expanded in different media. Except for porcine ASCs, cells cultured in media supplemented with FBS grew faster than cells expanded in UC medium with UltroserG. Yet, all cells maintained their potential to differentiate into adipocytes and osteoblasts. UltraCulture medium containing UltroserG can for all examined species be recommended if FBS needs to be avoided in the expansion of donor-derived (stem) cells. 相似文献
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Wang NZ Urry DW Swaim SF Gillette RL Hoffman CE Hinkle SH Coolman SL Luan CX Xu J Kemppainen BW 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2004,27(1):37-43
Elevated thromboxane levels are associated with a number of disease states, including dermal pressure ulcers. When dazmegrel was orally administered to greyhound dogs wearing leg casts, it resulted in a sparring effect on the skin areas of potential pressure ulcer development. The objective of this research was to determine if bioelastic matrices could provide controlled release of thromboxane A2 synthetase inhibitor (dazmegrel) at tissue concentrations sufficient for inhibition of thromboxane synthesis. The animal used for these studies was the greyhound, which has thin skin, angular conformation, limited body fat and is predisposed to pressure ulcers similar to those occurring in humans. In vivo skin penetration studies showed that epidermal exposure to bioelastic thromboxane synthetase inhibitor (TSI) matrix resulted in local tissue concentrations of TSI sufficient for thromboxane synthetase inhibition. There were no significant differences between dazmegrel in the skin layers (epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous layers) on 1, 7 and 14-day exposures. 相似文献
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Flores-Mendoza L Velazquez C Bray J Njongmeta L Mwangi W Hernández J 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2012,146(1):74-80
The aim of this work was to develop mAbs against porcine CD205 and to conduct a comparative analysis of the CD205 protein expression on lymphoid tissues, monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) and DCs isolated from the porcine skin. To conduct this study, we generated a monoclonal antibody, designated 1.F6F6, against the C-type lectin-like domain-5 of the porcine CD205 and showed that it recognizes a protein band of ～200 kDa by Western Blot analysis in mesenteric lymph nodes cells. Flow cytometric analysis showed that the mAb 1.F6F6 recognized 28.5%, 28.1% and 34.1% of cells from tonsil, inguinal and mesenteric lymph nodes, respectively, and 6% of cells from thymus. Analysis of monocyte-derived DCs showed that approximately 20% were positive and activation of the cells with LPS increased the positive population to 36%. Analysis of DCs isolated from the porcine skin showed that approximately 70% of the cell population expressed the CD205 receptor. The development of a monoclonal antibody capable of recognizing the CD205 receptor in swine opens up possibilities of applying new strategies for enhancing vaccine efficacy by using the anti-CD205 antibody for DC antigen-targeting to enhance priming of immune responses. 相似文献