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1980年以来云南澄江从松毛虫等自然感病虫尸中分离出多种核型多角体病毒（NPV），质型多角体病毒（CPV）和颗粒型多角体病毒（GV）。于1980-2001年先后应用NPV、CPV防治云南松毛虫、思茅松毛虫、文山松毛虫、灰褐带蛾、毒蛾、蚕蛾；面积达7732.2hm^2，当年防效平均约为97%，1次防治，防治效果可持续10年以上。 相似文献
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用天幕毛虫核型多角体病毒(Nucleus Polyhedrosis Virus,NPV)对黄褐天幕毛虫Malacosoma neustria testacea Motschulsky幼虫以胃毒方式进行生物测定.结果表明:NPV对黄褐天幕毛虫幼虫具有较强的致病力,幼虫感染后的死亡率与病毒浓度呈正相关.1.824×102,1.824×103,1.824×104,1.824 × 105,1.824 × 106,1.824×107 PIB/mL 6种病毒浓度接种天幕毛虫幼虫后死亡率分别为26.63％,34.78％,48.37％,72.83％,80.98％和94.57％,致死中浓度为1.096×104 PIB/ mL.接种1.824×10 7,1.824×106,1.824×105 PIB/mL浓度的幼虫致死中时分别为6.8,8.2,9.1d. 相似文献
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卵孢白僵菌防治舞毒蛾的试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用竹节虫卵孢白僵菌粉剂和松毛虫卵孢白僵菌粉剂对舞毒蛾3~5龄幼虫进行了室内、室外感染试验和野外防治试验的结果表明,室内外试验结果基本吻合;竹节虫卵孢白僵菌粉剂对舞毒蛾幼虫的致病力更强,比松毛虫卵孢白僵菌高8.2%,使用活孢子含量为50亿个/g的菌粉,2 g/m2,施菌16天,可使舞毒蛾3~5龄幼虫室内外感染校正死亡率分别达到88.9%和85.0%;野外施用竹节虫卵孢白僵菌粉剂防治舞毒蛾3~5龄幼虫的感染率达80%以上,确定野外防治舞毒蛾的施菌量为30 kg/hm2,防治时期为雨季。 相似文献
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从日本引进赤松毛虫CPV对我国松毛虫属(Dendrolimus)的七种松毛虫以及棉龄虫有较高的致死效果。根据 RNA 电泳图谱的研究,赤松毛虫 CPV 与在中国松毛虫属上的各复制株是不同的。目前,我国已发现有三种 RNA 类型,日本赤松毛虫CPV 属第一型。JADP-CPV、JYDPW-CPV、CYDPW-CPV 等属于第二型,CGDP-CPV 离心所得的上带多角体属于第三型。类型Ⅱ、Ⅲ属首次报道。和其他CPV一样,JDS-CPV 只侵染中肠上皮细胞。对第一代3龄和5龄虫的 LC_(50) 分别为1.6×10~5CPB/ml 和3.3×10~5CPB/ml,对同代3龄虫的 LD_(60)为2.1×10~3CPB/虫。JDS-CPV 不仅对幼虫防效好,而且也影响幼虫取食、体重以及下代幼虫存活率。此病毒与BT混用可以减少针叶被害72—80％。在油乳剂中于4℃下保存197天,在水悬液中保存 5年,对此病毒活性无明显影响。以林间松毛虫作宿主可进行大量增殖。一头6—7龄幼虫平均可产多角体2亿个。 相似文献
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蜀柏毒蛾核型多角体病毒杀虫剂防治效果研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
蜀柏毒蛾核型多角体病毒(PoNPV)杀虫剂是一种新型生物农药。经1992年林间2700亿PIB/公顷、3600亿PIB/公顷、4500亿PIB/公顷、5400亿PIB/公顷四种浓度和林间3600亿PIB/公顷大面积应用,其防治效果(以平均虫口密度下降率表示)分别为81.05％、81.23％、83.52％、84.29％和83.40％。存活幼虫感染率(体内镜检含有PoNPV为准)为85.00％。 相似文献
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Wang Zhiying Yue Shukui Jia Chunsheng Xie Shuping Hao Yushan Guo Xiuhua Ping Guiying 《林业研究》1998,9(4):261-263
A strain of Cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (CPV) was separated from the infected larva during the research of integrated pest
management ofDendrolimus superans. The morphology, bioassay, histopathology and field-test for this CPV were studied. The size of CPV is 0.16 μm×1.57 μm and
the virion is 16.0 nm×58.1 nm. The LC50 to the 3rd and 5th instar larva ofDendrolimus superans were 2.81×104 PIB/mL and 7.17×104 PIB/mL respectively. The polyhedrosis were formed after midgut of larva were infected for 72 h. A large amount of polyhedrosis
was formed after 144 h. The mortality was more than 82% and average mortality was 84.62% when using 1.17×108 PIB/mL virus suspension to control the pest in field test.
The project was supported by the Natural Sciences Foundation of Heilongjiang Province.
(Responsible Editor: Chai Ruihai) 相似文献
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昆虫病毒是专性侵染节肢动物的一类微生物,包括核型多角体病毒、颗粒体病毒、质型多角体病毒、痘病毒、虹彩病毒等很多类群。核型多角体病毒属于杆状病毒科(Rhabdoviridae)核型多角体病毒属(Nucleopolyhedrovirus),是昆虫病毒中最大的类群。它能够专一性地侵染并杀死一种或者几种农林害虫,并且对害虫天敌、环境、人畜无害,是一种值得推广的绿色生物农药。本文总结了获得全基因组序列的核型多角体病毒,综述了核型多角体病毒的基因组主要功能基因(RNA转录相关基因、DNA复制相关基因、结构相关基因)及其他基因,并对核型多角体病毒今后的发展方向进行了展望。 相似文献
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油桐尺蠖能被油桐尺蠖核型多角体病毒感染致死。防治试验表明:病毒浓度大时,潜伏期短,死亡快、死亡率大,浓度低时,潜伏期相应延长,死亡率也相应增大;不同的感染方式其致病力不同,死亡时间也不相同;在林地大面积防治效果为95％以上,并有远距离的扩散和后效作用。 相似文献
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Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref. sensu lato is an important fungal parasite of coniferous trees throughout the temperate regions of the world. Approximately 15% of Heterobasidion isolates are infected by dsRNA viruses, which are considered as obligately intracellular and transmit vertically into both basidiospores and asexual conidia. Insects such as H. abietis and its larvae feeding on wood colonized by Heterobasidion fungi may carry Heterobasidion conidia and hyphae. In this study, we used H. abietis as a model species to reveal whether Heterobasidion viruses resist in their fungal host passing through the digestive tract of insects that may potentially serve as disseminators of fungal propagules. Pinus sylvestris branches were inoculated by three different strains of Heterobasidion parviporum, hosting taxonomically diverse virus species: Heterobasidion RNA virus 2, HetRV4 and HetRV6. Then, the inoculated branches were fed to H. abietis insects, and beetle excrements were investigated for Heterobasidion infections. All the inoculated fungal strains survived passage through the alimentary tract of the insects (survival rate 25–80%). The passage rates of the viruses inside their hosts varied considerably, ranging from 0 to 67%. Two different mycoviruses, HetRV2 and HetRV6, survived the intestinal passage of their fungal host, while the virus species HetRV4 was detected among none of the five H. parviporum isolates retrieved from insect faeces. The relative stability of fungi harbouring viruses suggests that if viruses are to be used for biological control against Heterobasidion species, it is likely that insect feeding does not considerably decrease the virus effect, but might instead enhance short‐range dispersal of the viral biocontrol agent. 相似文献
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提高昆虫病毒杀虫效果的荧光增白剂的研究 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
荧光增白剂是生物防治研究中最近发现的一类能显著提高昆虫病毒杀虫能力、加快病毒致死昆虫速度、提高昆虫病毒对紫外光的保护作用的化学因子。林间增加效果明显而稳定。荧光增白剂可发展成为有效提高和改善昆虫病毒制剂持续控制农林害虫的重要助剂。虽然荧光增白剂能显著增强昆虫病毒毒力的机理还不清楚，但该机理的阐明可以为生物防治农林害虫提供新的途径甚至理论。本文综述了近10a来国外在应用荧光增白剂提高昆虫病毒毒力和实际应用防治农林害虫的研究进展。并提出了荧光增白剂能扩大病毒的宿主范围，改变昆虫病毒感染宿主的途径和诱发昆虫病毒潜伏侵染的推论。对荧光增白剂应用中的问题也进行了讨论。 相似文献
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Prof. Dr. M. A. Ali A. S. El-Khouly G. M. Moawad M. G. M. Ragab 《Journal of pest science》1992,65(3):51-54
Infection rates of the nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) in the cotton leafworm,Spodoptera littoralis larvae were assessed from 1985 through 1986 in clover fields at El-Behiera, El-Fayoum and El-Gharbia governorates. Infection rates of the pathogen were highest near the end of spring when the cotton leafworm larval populations were increasing. For the different governorates, the percentages of virus infection were almost higher in 1985-season than in 1986. El-Fayoum-larval population was the most infected by NPV followed by El-Gharbia and El-Behiera-populations, respectively. There was a positive correlation between infection rates of NPV on one hand, and density of larva and ambient temperature on the other. 相似文献
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Mortality ofHeliothis armigera (Hbn.) larvae due to nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) was significantly higher onGossypium barbadense (cv. DCH 32) than onG. birsutum (cv. LRA 5166) andG. arboreum (cv. K 10). A positive correlation existed between leaf area consumed and NPV mortality of the larvae. Among the three dosages of NPV tested, 2.16×108 polyhedral occlusion bodies (POB)/ml as ultra low volume application caused the maximum larval mortality. Probit analysis of time mortality responses showed that the LT50 was lower onG. barbadense than on other two species tested. 相似文献