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犊牛在生长过程中，可能会因为某些原因而感染疾病，无论疾病有无传染性，犊牛一旦发病，就会出现非常复杂的情况。所以，犊牛发病时要对其进行预防和治疗，降低犊牛的发病率，提高治愈率，这样才能使牛场保持可持续发展。在一般的情况下，犊牛的发病率小于30%，治愈率高于90%，死亡或淘汰率低于1%。在生产实践中，笔者要采用各种诊断方法，尽早发现犊牛患病，对疾病的防治起到很大帮助。 相似文献
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《中国牛业科学》2017,(4)
2016年5月到2016年12月,从山东省菏泽、泰安、青岛、潍坊4个地区的11个规模化牛场采集了190份血清样品,应用ELISA方法分别对这些血清进行了牛病毒性腹泻抗体和牛传染性鼻气管炎gB抗体的检测,这11个牛场均未免疫这两种疾病的疫苗。检测结果显示,牛病毒性腹泻平均个体阳性率为66.3%,其中犊牛阳性率为77.8%、青年牛阳性率58.8%、成母牛阳性率为65.8%,场阳性率90.9%;传染性鼻气管炎平均个体阳性率为46.3%,其中犊牛阳性率为83.3%、青年牛阳性率为76.5%、成母牛阳性率为37.4%,场阳性率为81.8%。通过本次流行病学调查,发现我省牛群中这两种疾病具有较高的感染率,其中以犊牛感染率最高,说明犊牛易感性较高;与前几年调查的结果相比,这两种疾病的感染率有所增加,应引起牛场的足够重视。 相似文献
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正2017年8月11日,葵山镇马厂村孙某牛场饲养的犊牛发生一种以腹泻为主的疾病,驻场兽医采用常规止泻药治疗3 d无效,遂来求诊。通过临床症状、发病原因等情况综合判断,初步诊断为犊牛腹泻,笔者采用中西医结合的方法治疗,取得很好的疗效,报道如下。1临床症状圈舍内3周龄的犊牛都在拉稀便、软便或水样便,根据发病时间不同,有的犊牛呕吐、脱水、体重减轻;有的精神不振、腹痛、鼻镜干燥、口腔发干,发病 相似文献
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犊牛腹泻是犊牛养殖过程中的一种常见病,该疾病一般出现在7~60日龄的犊牛生长阶段,诱发该病的原因很多,发病率高且对犊牛危害严重。若是不及时治疗,会造成犊牛死亡,制约养殖业的发展,因此,必须做好该病的诊断和预防。 相似文献
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Douglas L Step Robert A Smith 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice》2006,22(2):413-434
Bovine respiratory disease is the most common health issue affecting stocker cattle. There are several nonrespiratory diseases that affect stockers. The more common diseases include rumen tympany, infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis, coccidiosis, photosensitization, and foot rot. Accurate diagnosis, early treatment, and incorporating appropriate preventive measures can assist cattle production. 相似文献
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我国一些地区的养牛业已基本成为农牧区乡村振兴的支柱产业,一个地方养牛业是否发达,主要要看基础母牛的存量,基础母牛的养殖意义主要是繁育犊牛,而犊牛的成活率越高产业发展就会越旺盛。但凡从事养牛行业和兽医诊疗行业的人员都知道,以便血、下痢为主要症状的犊牛疾病很常见,该病感染率、发病率、死亡率都相对较高,如果诊断不准确、治疗不及时,极易导致牛的死亡,对牛产业发展影响巨大。该文通过中医法辩证施治,采用清热解毒、凉血止血、补脾益气、涩肠止泻的治疗法则,笔者自拟中药汤剂结合西医强心补液、抗菌消炎、调节电解质的治疗原则,对该病进行综合治疗,中西医结合取长补短协同互补,收到了很好的治疗效果。 相似文献
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牛呼吸系统疾病综合征(BRDC)是由病原体感染、应激刺激和机体抵抗力下降等病因共同作用引起牛的一种以发热、神差纳少和鼻炎、气管炎、支气管炎、肺炎为主要临床表现的一类传染性疾病的总称,又被称为“运输热。本病多在秋冬季或春夏之交呈地方性或散发性流行,常以多种病原体相互协同作用的感染、复杂的病情导致犊牛(特别是45日龄内的犊牛)和新引进牛相当高的发病率和大批量的死亡而侵吞养牛的利润甚至推毁养牛场,是一个严重困扰养牛业的世界性问题。作者综述了BRDC的危害、病因、快速诊断,并从养牛生产实际出发较为详细地阐述了BRDC的预防与治疗技术措施,对防控BRDC有一定的实际指导意义。 相似文献
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针对当下社会对畜牧学专业毕业生的需求特点,高校开展相关课程的"产学研"合作已成为未来发展新趋势。现代农业产业技术体系旨在围绕产业发展需求,加强"产学研"密切结合,构建适应现代农业发展的科技支撑体系。《牛生产学》作为畜牧学专业的重要课程之一,具有理论性及实践性相结合的特点,其专业性强,内容繁多且涉及面广。本文结合现代农业(牛)产业技术体系,针对《牛生产学》不同章节内容,从课堂教学和实践教学两方面进行了改革和探索,旨在进一步强化课程特色,建立完善的实习课程体系,从而实现对学生综合能力的培养。 相似文献
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Localized diseases of the bovine brain and spinal cord 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
D M Sherman 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice》1987,3(1):179-191
Localized lesions of the central nervous system do occur in cattle. Those affecting the cranial nerves and focal lesions of the spinal cord are most easily recognized by careful neurologic examination. Once the lesion has been anatomically localized, likely etiologic causes can be pursued. Probably the most common cause of cranial nerve deficits in cattle is listeriosis. Important differential diagnoses include brain and pituitary abscesses and extensions of ear infections. Other possible causes include PEM, TEME, hypovitaminosis A, and several rare, sporadic causes. In young cattle, spinal trauma and vertebral body abscesses are the most common causes of progressive paresis resulting from spinal cord lesions. Congenital abnormalities must be considered in the differential diagnoses for very young calves. Non-neurologic conditions, including fractures of the limbs and especially nutritional muscular dystrophy, must be ruled out. In older cattle, compressive neoplasms, most notably lymphosarcoma, are primarily responsible for progressive paresis. Differential diagnosis should include other neurologic conditions such as delayed organophosphate neurotoxicity; early progressive diffuse neurologic diseases such as rabies, pseudorabies, and botulism; plant toxicities; and non-neurologic conditions resulting in recumbency, such as hypocalcemia and musculoskeletal trauma. 相似文献
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L. DIRIKOLU R. YOHN E. F. GARRETT T. CHAKKATH & D. C. FERGUSON 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2009,32(3):280-288
Toltrazuril sulfone (Ponazuril® ) is a triazine-based anti-protozoal agent with highly specific actions against apicomplexan group of organisms, which are undergoing intensive investigation. Toltrazuril sulfone may have clinical application in the treatment of Neospora. caninum and other protozoal infections in cattle. To evaluate absorption, distribution, and elimination characteristics of toltrazuril sulfone in cattle, a sensitive validated quantitative high-pressure liquid chromatography method for toltrazuril sulfone in bovine biological fluids was developed. After a single oral dose of toltrazuril sulfone at 5 mg/kg (as 150 mg/g of Marquis® ; Bayer HealthCare, Shawnee Mission, KS, USA), samples from six cows showed good plasma concentrations of toltrazuril sulfone, which peaked at 4821 ng/mL ± 916 (SD) at 48 h postadministration. Thereafter, plasma concentration declined to 1950 ng/mL ± 184 (SD) at 192 h after administration with an average plasma elimination half-life of ∼58 h. Following oral dose of toltrazuril sulfone, the observed peak plasma concentrations were in relatively close agreement ranging from the lowest 3925 ng/mL to the highest of 6285 ng/mL with the mean peak plasma concentration being 4821 ng/mL. This study shows that toltrazuril sulfone is relatively well absorbed after oral dose in cattle. These results are therefore entirely consistent with and support the reported clinical efficacy of toltrazuril sulfone in the treatment of experimentally induced clinical cases of N. caninum and other protozoal-mediated bovine diseases. 相似文献
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犊牛腹泻是犊牛常见的疾病,导致犊牛大量死亡和发育受阻,给养牛业带来了巨大的经济损失。笔者分析了犊牛腹泻的发病原因,提出了治疗对策,并对其临床症状,诊断和预防进行了论述,以期提高养殖效益。 相似文献
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Duarte ER Hamdan JS 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2004,51(1):1-7
Otitis externa in cattle has a significant impact in tropical and subtropical regions, and the aetiological agents are predominantly rhabditiform nematodes and mites of the genus Raillietia. Its prevalence is higher in mature and Zebu cattle. In advanced clinical cases there can be irreversible and fatal neural lesions. Ear infection in calves has been associated with concurrent respiratory diseases and mixed infection. The principal reported agents of otitis in calves are bacteria such as Actinomyces spp., Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus somnus, Pasteurella multocida, Mannheimia haemolytica, Pseudomonas spp., Streptococcus spp. and Mycoplasma bovis. The control and treatment of bovine otitis is not standardized and there is little evidence-based support for the diverse treatments available in the literature. 相似文献