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本实验研究了微生态净水剂65天后对鲤鱼血液生理指标和生化指标的影响。施加了微生态净水剂后显著降低了鲤鱼红细胞的红细胞渗透脆性,使红细胞数由1,126,000/mm3显著增加到1,224,000/mm3,血红蛋白由4.60g/100ml极显著增加到6.90g/100ml,红细胞压积由35.2%显著增加到39.2%;血清中TP、 ALB、GLO、白球比的含量无明显变化;血清中GLU、ALP分别较对照组提高了221%( p <0.01),50.8% (p <0.05);血清中ACP、GPT分别较对照组降低了14%( p >0.05) ,24%( p <0.05)。施加了微生态净水剂能优化鲤鱼的抗应激指标,具有提高体鱼防御功能,增强抵抗疾病能力的作用。 相似文献
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为研究低温胁迫对尼罗罗非鱼血液生理生化指标的影响,进行了不同温度下尼罗罗非鱼血液生化指标的影响试验。研究发现:⑴在外界环境温度从28℃降至16℃时,罗非鱼血液中的谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、葡萄糖(GLU)含量均有下降或显著下降;但当温度继续降至10℃时,这些指标均显著上升,恢复或超过常温下的水平。⑵血红蛋白浓度(HGB)、平均红细胞血红蛋白量(MCH)和平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)3个指标均明显升高。相对于16℃组,12℃组的红细胞分布宽度变异系数(RDW-CV)显著下降;但相对于28℃组,10℃组RDW-CV的变化不显著。相对于16℃或12℃组,10℃组的平均血小板体积(MPV)和血小板比率(P-LCR)均显著升高,但是10℃组与28℃组间差异均不显著。⑶相关分析结果表明,HGB、MCH、MCHC与胁迫温度显著相关,平均红细胞压积(MCV)与水温呈正相关,其中MCV和MCHC两个指标呈极显著负相关。HGB、MCH、MCHC和MCV可作为低温胁迫的生理指标。 相似文献
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二倍体与三倍体山女鳟的血液学比较分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对二倍体和三倍体山女鳟(Oncorhynchus masou)的全血、血浆各种特征及结构进行血液学分析,结果表明,三倍体山女鳟的红细胞(RBC)体积与二倍体的比值为1.48±0.19.三倍体的红细胞数和红细胞压积(Hct)均显著低于二倍体,但其血红蛋白(Hb)浓度与二倍体的无显著性差异(P>0.05).这些血液生理学数据表明,二倍体与三倍体山女鳟可能具有相似的氧运输和有氧代谢能力.血液生化结果显示,二倍体和三倍体山女鳟的生化指标检测值不存在显著性差异(P>0.05);回归分析结果显示,与二倍体和三倍体山女鳟血浆参透压(Osm)相关性最大的生化指标均为Na+浓度、血糖浓度和尿素氮浓度.虽然三倍体与二倍体山女鳟血红蛋白含量之间不存在显著性差异,但由于三倍体的红细胞数远低于二倍体,加之三倍体的全血黏度较二倍体的高,在应激或低溶解氧的情况下,三倍体将无法动员更多的红细胞进行组织有氧代谢,因此,与二倍体相比,三倍体山女鳟的组织缺氧或窒息的风险更大,对溶解氧的要求更高. 相似文献
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选择健康的体质量约为336g的褐鳟Salmo trutta 20尾,雌雄各半,在常规环境中暂养观察10d,禁食12h后,尾静脉采血,利用BT-2100全自动血液分析仪测定16项血液生理值,利用DXC800型贝克曼全自动生化分析仪测定31项血清生化值,以建立2龄褐鳟的血液正常生理生化指标。结果表明:雌雄褐鳟血液生理指标差异不显著(P0.05),但血液中Mg、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、球蛋白(GLB)和直接胆红素(DBIL)含量及白球比(A/G)显著差异(P0.05),说明褐鳟生理指标不受性别影响,而某些生化指标却受性别的影响。 相似文献
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将红景天苷(Salidroside)作为免疫增强剂添加到水生生物饲料中,按0(对照组)、30、60和90μg/kg 4个梯度,添加到尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)(117.2±4.53 g)饲料中,通过测定血液生理生化指标的变化,来评估红景天苷对尼罗罗非鱼血液免疫系统的影响。试验周期为45 d,每天投喂两次。结果表明,随着饲料中红景天苷添加量的升高,罗非鱼血液中红细胞压积、红细胞平均体积、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量以及肌酐水平显著升高(0<30μg/kg<60μg/kg<90μg/kg);90μg/kg组血液中的总蛋白含量显著高于其它各饲料组,血液中其它指标(白细胞计数、红细胞计数、红细胞分布宽度、血小板计数、白蛋白、谷丙转氨酶、尿素、血糖、球蛋白和尿素/肌酐)不受饲料中添加红景天苷的影响。实验结果表明尼罗罗非鱼饲料中红景天苷的适宜添加量为30μg/kg。 相似文献
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电击对黄颡鱼机体影响的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco R.)进行高压电击,观察其行为及形态特点。通过组织切片分析电击后脊椎和肌肉的变化,比较电击组和对照组的血液学指标,研究电击对黄颡鱼机体生理机能的影响。实验结果显示:电击对黄颡鱼的行为形态、脊椎肌肉、生理生化有明显的影响。行为形态方面,电击使黄颡鱼出现昏厥抽搐、体型弯曲、脊椎变形的现象。生理生化方面,电击后黄颡鱼的全血血红蛋白含量、血浆葡萄糖含量升高,都有极显著差异(P0.01)。 相似文献
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为探讨工厂化养殖模式中,高浓度氨氮对养殖生物的生理影响,本试验以漠斑牙鲆为研究对象,研究了工厂化养殖模式不同氨氮浓度对其血液指标的影响。试验设置5个氨氮浓度梯度,分别对漠斑牙鲆血液生理指标进行了测定。结果显示,不同氨氮浓度对各项血液指标产生显著影响,随着氨氮浓度的上升,血浆总蛋白与白蛋白含量下降;谷丙转氨酶(GPT)、谷草转氨酶(GOT)与血清尿素氮含量升高;血清肌酐含量先升高后降低。结果表明,高浓度的氨氮刺激了漠斑牙鲆导致其生理调节机制出现紊乱,可能造成鱼类红细胞溶血,从而导致鱼类贫血,呼吸能力减弱并且影响鱼类肾的调节机能。 相似文献
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高原型藏羊七项血液生理指标的测定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对果洛州玛沁县50只高原型藏羊74血液生理指标进行了测定。结果表明:高原型藏羊红细胞数(RBC),[(10.67±1.05)×1012/L];白细胞数(WBC),[(8.04±0.58)×109/L];红细胞压积(PCV),(0.35±0.03)L/L;血红蛋白含量(Hb),(128.48±11.99)g/L;红细胞平均体积(MCV),(32.76±4.60)fL;(MCH),(12.14±1.51)pg,(MCHC),(374.06±45.79)g/L。同时,在性别组间各项生理指标差异不显著(P>0.05)。 相似文献
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对三倍体和二倍体虹鳟(Oncorhynchus mykiss)的红细胞大小(长、短径值和体积)、形态及部分血液指标(红细胞数、血红蛋白、红细胞压积、红细胞脆性和白细胞数)进行了比较。结果表明:三倍体虹鳟红细胞体积与二倍体比值为1.51∶1,细胞核大小与二倍体比值为1.49∶1,与理论值(1.5∶1)比较均无显著差异(P>0.05)。二倍体红细胞短径/长径比值为0.63,呈现出椭圆形;三倍体红细胞短径/长径比值为0.60,呈现出明显的长椭圆形,并有19%的红细胞有哑铃形或分裂的细胞核,这可作为区别二倍体鱼类的一个重要鉴定标志。三倍体虹鳟的红细胞数、红细胞压积和红细胞脆性明显小于二倍体(P<0.05),而血红蛋白与白细胞数与二倍体比较无明显差异(P>0.05)。 相似文献
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利用紫外线照射对七彩鲑(Salvelinus fontinalis)精子进行灭活处理,使其遗传物质失活,作为同源精子诱导源,与七彩鲑卵子进行受精,采用冷休克方法诱导雌核发育。结果表明:同源精子可以诱导七彩鲑的雌核发育,紫外照射强度为72 m J/cm2;距离为8 cm;冷休克温度为20℃。七彩鲑减数分裂雌核发育倍性测定以鸡(Gallus sp.)红细胞DNA含量(2.5 pg/N)为标准、七彩鲑普通育苗子一代为参照,采用流式细胞术和微卫星标记技术对30尾七彩鲑减数分裂雌核发育鱼苗进行分析,证明了雌核发育鱼苗为雌核发育二倍体。 相似文献
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Abstract. Sanguinicola fontinalis sp. nov., from the branchial, renal and cardiac blood vessels of brook trout. Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill), and longnose dace, Rhinichthys cataractae (Valenciennes), is described. The new species most closely resembles, hut differs from, Sanguinicola davisi of steelhead and rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson. The adult differs from all known North American species in having 29–33 lateral tufts of blunt spines. The snail host is Leptoxis (Mudalia) carinata (Bruquière, 1792). Lodged and migrating miracidia caused considerable gill damage in the brook trout, resulting in high mortality when the fish were moved. To remove the hazard, the most severely affected brook trout were destroyed and the ponds drained and disinfected. Adult worms from Pennsylvania brook trout and West Virginia longnose dace were studied, as well as infected snails. 相似文献
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Plan Vianney lake, situated in the Oisans massif (French Alps) at an altitude of 2250 m, has a fish fauna composed of brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchell), and Artic charr, Salvelinus alpinus (L.). The present study examines the feeding behaviour of S. fontinalis in 1993–94 but also gives some data on S. alpinus . The brook trout represented 80% of the fish fauna of the lake. Dietary analysis showed that this species is an opportunistic feeder and revealed similarities in the trophic niches of S. fontinalis and S. alpinus and a low level of potentially available food resources. The annual growth of S. fontinalis was short and the growth rate was slow compared with other populations. Under these extreme conditions, female fish required several summers to replenish their reserves of energy and were only in condition to spawn once every 2 or 3 years. Although the fecundity of the population was low, it was sufficient to maintain the species in the lake which is not exploited. 相似文献
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Competitive interactions between native and exotic salmonids: a combined field and laboratory demonstration 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Abstract – We studied the impact of two exotic salmonid species (brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis and rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss ) on native brown trout ( Salmo trutta fario ) habitat, growth and survival. Habitat selection and vertical distribution between young-of-the-year of the three species were examined in a stream aquarium under different sympatric and allopatric combinations. In addition, similar species combinations were introduced in a Pyrenean mountain stream (southwest France) in order to extend laboratory results to growth and apparent survival. Both laboratory and field results indicated that rainbow trout significantly affected native brown trout habitat selection and apparent survival. On the contrary, brown trout habitat, growth and apparent survival were hardly affected by brook trout. These results support the idea that rainbow trout negatively influence native brown trout, and that competition could influence the outcome of fish biological invasions in freshwater ecosystems. 相似文献
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Abstract. Vibriosis is a significant problem in rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson, culture in fresh water in north-eastern Italy. Furunculosis is the main cause of disease in brown trout, Salmo trutta L., and brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill). Spontaneous outbreaks over the period 1975–1978 are described together with relevant husbandry and environmental parameters associated with them. Biological, chemical and physiological characteristics of 40 bacterial strains isolated from outbreaks are described. 相似文献
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对从患病美洲红点鲑(Salvelinus fontinalis)体表患病部位和肾脏分离到菌株进行了鉴定及药物筛选。结果显示:人工感染试验证实为病原菌,该菌革兰氏染色阴性,菌体呈短杆状。综合该菌形态、生理生化分析结果初步鉴定两株菌均为杀鲑气单胞菌(American salvelinus)杀鲑亚种。用引物AP1和AP2对纯化后的细菌进行PCR扩增,结果扩增出长度为550 bp的DNA片段,对扩增片段进行测序,用NCBI BLAST在GenBank中搜寻相似序列,结果与杀鲑气单胞菌各株A层蛋白部分编码基因有99%以上的序列同源性。进一步证明了鉴定结果。该菌对强力霉素、左氟沙星、氟罗沙星、庆大霉素等13种药物均敏感。 相似文献
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Abstract. Loma salmonae (Putz, Hoffman and Dunbar, 1965), Morrison & Sprague, 1981, in the rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson, was studied with the electron microscope. It is morphologically very similar to L. morhua Morrison and Sprague, 1981, in the Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua L., having only minor differences. Loma sp. Morrison and Sprague, 1981, in the brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill), is more like L. salmonae than the other species of Loma , but was deemed to be distinct. It was named L. fontinalis sp. nov. 相似文献
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L. C. LLEWELLYN 《Journal of fish diseases》1980,3(1):29-39
Abstract. Blood spots in the eye and haemorrhages in the musculature of the caudal peduncle were the main indication of disease in Australian hatchery reared brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill) and Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. Mortalities of 0·1-0·5% per day occurred for 3–4 weeks in fish stocked in circular ponds in the months of February and March when temperatures were falling from 23–11·C. The bacterium belonging to the Family Enterobacteriaceae had similarities with Yersinia ruckeri (the RM bacterium) and Serratia liquefaciens . As a temporary designation SBS was used. It is recommended that its taxonomic position remain sub judice for the present. Inoculation experiments on brook trout and landlocked Atlantic salmon indicated that signs appeared 2–7 days after inoculation and that rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Richardson were resistant to the disease. 相似文献
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通过测定不同质量浓度MS-222对细鳞鲑和美洲红点鲑的麻醉效果,检测麻醉时鱼的呼吸频率以及空气暴露时长对鱼体复苏的影响,探究两种鱼类在渔业生产和科研实验中的最适麻醉剂浓度。结果显示：当MS-222质量浓度为80、100 mg/L时,细鳞鲑麻醉所需的时间显著少于40、60 mg/L浓度组,而显著多于其余浓度组(P<0.05)。当MS-222质量浓度为100 mg/L时,细鳞鲑的复苏时长最短(P<0.05)。当MS-222质量浓度为80 mg/L时,美洲红点鲑麻醉所需的时间显著少于40、60 mg/L浓度组,而显著多于其余浓度组(P<0.05)。当MS-222质量浓度为100 mg/L时,美洲红点鲑的复苏时长显著大于40、60和80 mg/L浓度组,而显著小于其余浓度组(P<0.05)。比较MS-222对两种鱼的麻醉效果,美洲红点鲑对MS-222更为敏感。两种鱼的呼吸频率总体上都随着麻醉程度的加深而下降,当空气暴露时长少于5 min时,细鳞鲑的复苏时长先减少后增加,美洲红点鲑的复苏时长则呈逐渐减少趋势。 相似文献