共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 48 毫秒
1.
Thangaraj K Chaubey G Kivisild T Reddy AG Singh VK Rasalkar AA Singh L 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,308(5724):996
The origin of the Andaman "Negrito" and Nicobar "Mongoloid" populations has been ambiguous. Our analyses of complete mitochondrial DNA sequences from Onges and Great Andaman populations revealed two deeply branching clades that share their most recent common ancestor in founder haplogroup M, with lineages spread among India, Africa, East Asia, New Guinea, and Australia. This distribution suggests that these two clades have likely survived in genetic isolation since the initial settlement of the islands during an out-of-Africa migration by anatomically modern humans. In contrast, Nicobarese sequences illustrate a close genetic relationship with populations from Southeast Asia. 相似文献
2.
Olivieri A Achilli A Pala M Battaglia V Fornarino S Al-Zahery N Scozzari R Cruciani F Behar DM Dugoujon JM Coudray C Santachiara-Benerecetti AS Semino O Bandelt HJ Torroni A 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,314(5806):1767-1770
Sequencing of 81 entire human mitochondrial DNAs (mtDNAs) belonging to haplogroups M1 and U6 reveals that these predominantly North African clades arose in southwestern Asia and moved together to Africa about 40,000 to 45,000 years ago. Their arrival temporally overlaps with the event(s) that led to the peopling of Europe by modern humans and was most likely the result of the same change in climate conditions that allowed humans to enter the Levant, opening the way to the colonization of both Europe and North Africa. Thus, the early Upper Palaeolithic population(s) carrying M1 and U6 did not return to Africa along the southern coastal route of the "out of Africa" exit, but from the Mediterranean area; and the North African Dabban and European Aurignacian industries derived from a common Levantine source. 相似文献
3.
Rasmussen M Guo X Wang Y Lohmueller KE Rasmussen S Albrechtsen A Skotte L Lindgreen S Metspalu M Jombart T Kivisild T Zhai W Eriksson A Manica A Orlando L De La Vega FM Tridico S Metspalu E Nielsen K Ávila-Arcos MC Moreno-Mayar JV Muller C Dortch J Gilbert MT Lund O Wesolowska A Karmin M Weinert LA Wang B Li J Tai S Xiao F Hanihara T van Driem G Jha AR Ricaut FX de Knijff P Migliano AB Gallego Romero I Kristiansen K Lambert DM Brunak S Forster P Brinkmann B Nehlich O Bunce M Richards M Gupta R 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,334(6052):94-98
We present an Aboriginal Australian genomic sequence obtained from a 100-year-old lock of hair donated by an Aboriginal man from southern Western Australia in the early 20th century. We detect no evidence of European admixture and estimate contamination levels to be below 0.5%. We show that Aboriginal Australians are descendants of an early human dispersal into eastern Asia, possibly 62,000 to 75,000 years ago. This dispersal is separate from the one that gave rise to modern Asians 25,000 to 38,000 years ago. We also find evidence of gene flow between populations of the two dispersal waves prior to the divergence of Native Americans from modern Asian ancestors. Our findings support the hypothesis that present-day Aboriginal Australians descend from the earliest humans to occupy Australia, likely representing one of the oldest continuous populations outside Africa. 相似文献
4.
Sahni A 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1984,226(4673):441-443
Recent paleontological investigations of six sections fringing the Deccan volcanic outcrops of the Indian peninsula indicate that terrestrial faunas during the Cretaceous-Paleocene transition lacked the endemism predicted by geophysical models of an oceanically isolated Indian subcontinent. At the generic and familial level there is a close correspondence between the Cretaceous vertebrates of peninsular India, Africa, and Madagascar. This suggests that a dispersal corridor, consisting of presently submerged aseismic elements (the Mascarene Plateau and the Chagos-Laccadive Ridge), existed between these landmasses about 80 million years ago as India drifted close to eastern Africa. 相似文献
5.
Here we present molecular evidence demonstrating that malaria parasites bearing high-level pyrimethamine resistance originally arrived in Africa from southeast Asia. The resistance alleles carried by these migrants are now spreading across Africa at an alarming rate, signaling the end of affordable malaria treatment and presenting sub-Saharan Africa with a public health crisis. 相似文献
6.
Armitage SJ Jasim SA Marks AE Parker AG Usik VI Uerpmann HP 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,331(6016):453-456
The timing of the dispersal of anatomically modern humans (AMH) out of Africa is a fundamental question in human evolutionary studies. Existing data suggest a rapid coastal exodus via the Indian Ocean rim around 60,000 years ago. We present evidence from Jebel Faya, United Arab Emirates, demonstrating human presence in eastern Arabia during the last interglacial. The tool kit found at Jebel Faya has affinities to the late Middle Stone Age in northeast Africa, indicating that technological innovation was not necessary to facilitate migration into Arabia. Instead, we propose that low eustatic sea level and increased rainfall during the transition between marine isotope stages 6 and 5 allowed humans to populate Arabia. This evidence implies that AMH may have been present in South Asia before the Toba eruption. 相似文献
7.
Sixty-five million years ago, massive volcanism produced on the India-Seychelles landmass the largest continental lava deposit (Deccan Traps) of the past 200 million years. Using a molecular clock-independent approach for inferring dating information from molecular phylogenies, we show that multiple lineages of frogs survived Deccan Traps volcanism after millions of years of isolation on drifting India. The collision between the Indian and Eurasian plates was followed by wide dispersal of several of these lineages. This "out-of-India" scenario reveals a zoogeographical pattern that might reconcile paleontological and molecular data in other vertebrate groups. 相似文献
8.
胡彬彬 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2011,(5):117-121
中国最早的佛像是发现于重庆的延光四年（公元125）的摇钱树佛像,而北方最早的纪年佛像在此200年之后,这表明中国的佛教造像首先在长江流域兴起,然后,北方丝绸之路与黄河流域的佛像艺术才次第兴起。长江沿线的早期佛像,集中于汉晋时期,主要受古印度恒河流域的贵霜秣菟罗流派的影响。南朝时期,南方的佛像,与古印度南部、斯里兰卡和东南亚的关联较密,不仅有斯里兰卡的佛像传入中国,梁武帝也曾使人去印度求取佛像。无论是“秀骨清相”还是“面短而艳”都带有异国情调的造像的特征。 相似文献
9.
10.
Mellars P 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,313(5788):796-800
The pattern of dispersal of biologically and behaviorally modern human populations from their African origins to the rest of the occupied world between approximately 60,000 and 40,000 years ago is at present a topic of lively debate, centering principally on the issue of single versus multiple dispersals. Here I argue that the archaeological and genetic evidence points to a single successful dispersal event, which took genetically and culturally modern populations fairly rapidly across southern and southeastern Asia into Australasia, and with only a secondary and later dispersal into Europe. 相似文献
11.
利用1948～2007年资料,对夏季热带东风急流(TEJ)的结构、亚非季风区夏季降水分布以及TEJ变化与亚非季风区夏季降水的关系进行了研究。结果表明,热带东风急流主要覆盖了热带地区从日界线向西延伸到非洲西海岸的大片地区,其核心位于150～100hPa印度半岛南部10°～15°N,中心风速超过35 m/s;急流中线大致位于70°E,以东是急流的入口区,以西是出口区;在急流的入口区和出口区存在2个近于相反的垂直环流。多年亚非季风区夏季降水分布与热带东风急流的位置和强度有密切关系,在急流不同部位降水特征不同,多雨区主要出现在急流入口区右侧和出口区左侧。热带东风急流与降水分布的关系可以用急流不同部位的垂直速度不同来解释。 相似文献
12.
The sedimentary record documenting the northward drift of India (Late Cretaceous to late Early Eocene) has recently provided important clues to the evolution, radiation, and dispersal of mammals. Here, we report a definitive Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) archaic ungulate (Kharmerungulatum vanvaleni genus et species nova) from the Deccan volcano-sedimentary sequences exposed near Kisalpuri village in Central India. This find has important implications for the origin and diversification of early ungulates and raises three possible paleobiogeographic scenarios: (i) Archaic ungulates may have been cosmopolitan in distribution. (ii) Kharmerungulatum might be an immigrant from Western Asia. (iii) Archaic ungulates may have originated in India. 相似文献
13.
Primates living today are believed to share a common ancestor that originated in either Africa or Asia. Fossil examples of such anthropoid ancestors have been found in both continents, so pushing back the origins to a single location has been controversial. In their Perspective, Jaeger and Marivaux discuss results reported in the same issue by Seiffert et al. that may put part of the controversy to rest. Seiffert et al. describe the earliest and most complete African anthropoid fossils from the Fayum desert region of Egypt. Cranial and dental fossils of two different small species were found, and their character, especially the features of the fossil teeth, suggests an ancient evolutionary history in Africa. At the same time, the phylogenetic analysis of Seiffert et al. is consistent with the view that African anthropoids immigrated from Asia at a very early date, probably before the late Paleocene (60 million years ago), possibly followed by later waves of immigration. 相似文献
14.
2003年年底首先在东南亚一些国家暴发高致病性禽流感以后,已由亚洲向欧洲、非洲和南美洲传播,高致病性禽流感防控已经成为当今世界的热点问题。广西处于国内外疫情的包围之中,防控面临严峻的形势。在防控高致病性禽流感工作中,要充分了解此病毒在流行病学中的危害性,在客观分析当前禽流感发生、流行形势和特点的基础上,采取针对性措施,才能防止疫情扩散和蔓延,防范禽流感向人类感染。 相似文献
15.
Tierney JE Russell JM Huang Y Damsté JS Hopmans EC Cohen AS 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,322(5899):252-255
The processes that control climate in the tropics are poorly understood. We applied compound-specific hydrogen isotopes (deltaD) and the TEX(86) (tetraether index of 86 carbon atoms) temperature proxy to sediment cores from Lake Tanganyika to independently reconstruct precipitation and temperature variations during the past 60,000 years. Tanganyika temperatures follow Northern Hemisphere insolation and indicate that warming in tropical southeast Africa during the last glacial termination began to increase approximately 3000 years before atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations. deltaD data show that this region experienced abrupt changes in hydrology coeval with orbital and millennial-scale events recorded in Northern Hemisphere monsoonal climate records. This implies that precipitation in tropical southeast Africa is more strongly controlled by changes in Indian Ocean sea surface temperatures and the winter Indian monsoon than by migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone. 相似文献
16.
中国马钱科植物的地理分布 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
陈锡沐 《华南农业大学学报》1995,(2)
通过对中国马钱科植物地理分布的研究，把中国马钱科８属划分为５个分布区类型：１．泛热带分布：马钱属、度量草属、醉鱼草属；２．热带亚洲和热带美洲间断分布：钩吻属：３．旧世界热带（热带亚洲、非洲和大洋洲间断）分布：髯管花属；４．热带亚洲至热带大洋洲分布：灰莉属、尖帽草属；５．东亚（东喜马拉雅－日本）分布：蓬莱葛属。云南是我国马钱科植物的分布中心，拥有的属、种数分别是全国属、种数的８７．５％和７７．８％。 相似文献
17.
GuoHuidong 《农业科学与技术》2002,3(3):15-17
Ancient cultivated rice: important archaeological findings Rice, a crop cultivated by man with long history, is the staple food on which half of the world population lives. When and where did rice farming originate? Is rice in China an indigenous plant or the one introduced from abroad? Different opinions have been held for over one hundred years. People once thought that rice was firstly cultivated in India, afterwards introduced into China and Southeast Asia from South Asia. 相似文献
18.
Anderson JF Andreadis TG Vossbrinck CR Tirrell S Wakem EM French RA Garmendia AE Van Kruiningen HJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1999,286(5448):2331-2333
West Nile (WN) virus, a mosquito-transmitted virus native to Africa, Asia, and Europe, was isolated from two species of mosquitoes, Culex pipiens and Aedes vexans, and from brain tissues of 28 American crows, Corvus brachyrhynchos, and one Cooper's hawk, Accipiter cooperii, in Connecticut. A portion of the genome of virus isolates from four different hosts was sequenced and analyzed by comparative phylogenetic analysis. Our isolates from Connecticut were similar to one another and most closely related to two WN isolates from Romania (2.8 and 3.6 percent difference). If established in North America, WN virus will likely have severe effects on human health and on the health of populations of birds. 相似文献
19.
Pappu S Gunnell Y Akhilesh K Braucher R Taieb M Demory F Thouveny N 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,331(6024):1596-1599
South Asia is rich in Lower Paleolithic Acheulian sites. These have been attributed to the Middle Pleistocene on the basis of a small number of dates, with a few older but disputed age estimates. Here, we report new ages from the excavated site of Attirampakkam, where paleomagnetic measurements and direct (26)Al/(10)Be burial dating of stone artifacts now position the earliest Acheulian levels as no younger than 1.07 million years ago (Ma), with a pooled average age of 1.51 ± 0.07 Ma. These results reveal that, during the Early Pleistocene, India was already occupied by hominins fully conversant with an Acheulian technology including handaxes and cleavers among other artifacts. This implies that a spread of bifacial technologies across Asia occurred earlier than previously accepted. 相似文献
20.
Yamei H Potts R Baoyin Y Zhengtang G Deino A Wei W Clark J Guangmao X Weiwen H 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2000,287(5458):1622-1626
Stone artifacts from the Bose basin, South China, are associated with tektites dated to 803,000 +/- 3000 years ago and represent the oldest known large cutting tools (LCTs) in East Asia. Bose toolmaking is compatible with Mode 2 (Acheulean) technologies in Africa in its targeted manufacture and biased spatial distribution of LCTs, large-scale flaking, and high flake scar counts. Acheulean-like tools in the mid-Pleistocene of South China imply that Mode 2 technical advances were manifested in East Asia contemporaneously with handaxe technology in Africa and western Eurasia. Bose lithic technology is associated with a tektite airfall and forest burning. 相似文献