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1.
Altered perception of species-specific song by female birds after lesions of a forebrain nucleus 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
E A Brenowitz 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1991,251(4991):303-305
Female birds that do not normally sing possess brain nuclei associated with song production in males. To determine whether one song nucleus, the caudal nucleus of the ventral hyperstriatum (HVc), acts in conspecific song perception, courtship responses of female canaries to canary and white-crowned sparrow songs were compared before and after HVc lesions. Bilateral lesions of a portion of the HVc resulted in copulation solicitations to heterospecific song as well as conspecific song. Control females continued to respond only to conspecific song. This suggests that the HVc is critical for conspecific song perception in females. Because female canaries do not normally sing, neurons in female HVc must develop response selectivity by a mechanism different from that proposed for male birds in the motor theory of song perception. 相似文献
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1) Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) produce a series of beautiful and varied sounds for a period of 7 to 30 minutes and then repeat the same series with considerable precision. We call such a performance "singing" and each repeated series of sounds a "song." 2) All prolonged sound patterns (recorded so far) of this species are in song form, and each individual adheres to its own song type. 3) There seem to be several song types around which whales construct their songs, but individual variations are pronounced (there is only a very rough species-specific song pattern). 4) Songs are repeated without any obvious pause between them; thus song sessions may continue for several hours. 5) The sequence of themes in successive songs by the same individual is the same. Although the number of phrases per theme varies, no theme is ever completely omitted in our sample. 6) Loud sounds in the ocean, for example dynamite blasts, do not seem to affect the whale's songs. 7) The sex of the performer of any of the songs we have studied is unknown. 8) The function of the songs is unknown. 相似文献
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Female song sparrows, primed with implants of estradiol, gave the solicitation display for copulation in response to acoustic stimulation with song. This technique demonstrated that female song sparrows respond more strongly to conspecific song than to alien songs, that they discriminate on the basis of both overall temporal pattern and syllabic structure, that they respond more to several song types than to repetitions of one song, and that they are most responsive to several song types if the songs are organized in bouts of a single type, as they are normally delivered by a male song sparrow. These results demonstrate a substantial correspondence between the structure and programming of the singing behavior of male birds and female responsiveness to song. 相似文献
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Hawaiian courtship songs: evolutionary innovation in communication signals of Drosophila 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
In Hawaii, flies of the genus Drosophila have undergone spectacular adaptive radiation, resulting in the evolution of more than 500 species of Drosophila that are found nowhere else on earth. This taxonomic uniqueness is reflected in behavior and morphology. Hawaiian Drosophila sing songs, as do continental Drosophila; however, the Hawaiian songs have diverged strongly in form and mechanism of production. The click-song of D. fasciculisetae's (Maui) has a carrier frequency an order of magnitude higher than those reported in familiar continental species, such as D. melanogaster (170 hertz). Drosophila fasciculisetae's song resembles a cicada's more than a fly's song. The song of D. cyrtoloma (Maui) has a complex pulse rhythm more typical of crickets than flies. The pulse song of D. silvestris (Hawaii) closely resembles that of D. melanogaster in both pulse rhythm and carrier frequency, but D. melanogaster sings by vibrating its wings, whereas D. silvestris sings through abdominal vibrations. These mechanisms are radical departures from the continental wing song mechanism and are further examples of the remarkable behavioral innovation that has occurred in the Drosophila of Hawaii during their evolutionary transit through these islands. 相似文献
6.
Kroodsma DE 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1976,192(4239):574-575
Female canaries exposed to playback of large repertoires of male songs built nests faster and laid more eggs than did those females exposed to smaller song repertoires: females are attentive to attributes of male song, and their choices have played a role in the evolution of oscine singing behaviors. 相似文献
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Male swamp sparrows learn their songs; they fail to learn songs of the sympatric song sparrow. Syllables from tape recordings of both species of sparrow were spliced into an array of swamp sparrow-like and song sparrow-like temporal patterns. Swamp sparrows learned only those songs made of swamp sparrow syllables. They did so irrespective of whether the temporal pattern was swamp sparrow-like or song sparrow-like. Selectivity was retained by birds reared in total isolation from adult conspecific sounds. 相似文献
8.
Molecular transfer of a species-specific behavior from Drosophila simulans to Drosophila melanogaster 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
D A Wheeler C P Kyriacou M L Greenacre Q Yu J E Rutila M Rosbash J C Hall 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1991,251(4997):1082-1085
Drosophila males modulate the interpulse intervals produced during their courtship songs. These song cycles, which are altered by mutations in the clock gene period, exhibit a species-specific variation that facilitates mating. We have used chimeric period gene constructs from Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila simulans in germline transformation experiments to map the genetic control of their song rhythm difference to a small segment of the amino acid encoding information within this gene. 相似文献
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Categorical perception of a natural stimulus continuum: birdsong 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
A fundamental issue in perception and communication is how continuously varying stimuli are partitioned into discrete categories. In swamp sparrow songs, note duration is a critical feature distinguishing two note categories with different roles in song construction. Pairs of songs with initial notes from different categories contrast more in their effects on territorial males than song pairs with initial notes differing by the same amount but taken from within one note category. The results indicate categorical perception by wild swamp sparrows. 相似文献
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Male swamp sparrows reared in the laboratory and exposed to taped songs during infancy produce accurate imitations of the material following an 8-month interval with no rehearsal. When the first rehearsal occurs, at about 300 days of age, large numbers of syllables are perfected. They are developed through invention and improvisation as well as imitation. Most are discarded at the time of song crystallization. Hence, these songbirds learn more than they manifest in full adult song. 相似文献
12.
Insectivorous bats have influenced the development of antipredator behavior in moths, green lacewings, crickets, and mantids; until recently, such adaptations were unknown in katydids. Foliage-gleaning bats in Panama can use the female-attracting, airborne calling songs of nocturnal katydids to locate prey. They also feed heavily on these insects. Katydid species sympatric with these bats exhibit markedly reduced calling song duty cycles. Males supplement shortened songs with complex, species-specific tremulations that generate vibrations that are inaudible to bats but reach conspecific females through a shared plant substrate. Female katydids do not call audibly but are also preyed on in large numbers, perhaps as a result of moving toward calling males. 相似文献
13.
Interspecific genetic control of courtship song production and reception in Drosophila 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
The genetic control of courtship song differences between Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila simulans males was investigated by producing hybrids from reciprocal crosses. The song rhythm difference between the parental species appears to be due to sex-linked genes, whereas the basic interpulse-interval difference is autosomally inherited. Hybrid females show selective preferences for artificially generated songs carrying intermediate "hybrid" characteristics. 相似文献
14.
本文通过对卫拉特婚礼歌所承载的丰富的生活习俗文化进行分析和认识，进而向人们展示卫拉特人民丰富多彩的文化生活。通过对卫拉特婚礼歌谣中所蕴含的深刻的文化内涵的进一步透析和探讨，进而希望为歌谣的研究寻求一条新的研究视角和思路。 相似文献
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Two species of forest birds, the least flycatcher and the red-eyed vireo, when breeding in the same season in the same habitat, adjust their temporal pattern of singing to avoid the overlapping of songs. The avoidance of acoustic interference is more marked in the flycatcher, which has a briefer song than the vireo. 相似文献
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当涂民歌是流传于皖江两岸的民间歌曲，历史悠久、底蕴深厚，2006被列入国家首批非物质文化遗产名录。近年来，对当涂民歌的保护与传承在政府、团体、个人等多个层面以多种方式呈现，并充分体现出各层面之间的相互关联与密切合作。特别是当涂民歌艺术馆在发展企业自身的同时，借助行政部门提供的平台、渠道，开展当涂民歌的保护与传承工作，形成了一种可持续的良性发展模式。这种行政主导、社会广泛参与的互助互利成功经验值得思考与借鉴。 相似文献
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Many birds perform visual signals during their learned songs, but little is known about the interrelationship between visual and vocal displays. We show here that male brown-headed cowbirds (Molothrus ater) synchronize the most elaborate wing movements of their display with atypically long silent periods in their song, potentially avoiding adverse biomechanical effects on sound production. Furthermore, expiratory effort for song is significantly reduced when cowbirds perform their wing display. These results show a close integration between vocal and visual displays and suggest that constraints and synergistic interactions between the motor patterns of multimodal signals influence the evolution of birdsong. 相似文献
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Large numbers of two species of mole crickets flew to loudspeakers playing the appropriate calling song outdoors. Mated females were more frequently captured than unmated ones, and males were 12 percent of the catch. Crickets of three other subfamilies were trapped as they flew to mole cricket songs resembling their own. 相似文献
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【目的】对西瓜白色和柠檬黄色果肉的色素成分、色素含量、遗传规律进行研究,通过BSA-seq进行基因定位,并预测与柠檬黄色果肉相关的候选基因,为深入研究西瓜柠檬黄色果肉的遗传与分子机制奠定理论基础。【方法】本研究选用‘冰糖脆’（Ⅰ P1,白色果肉）和‘喜华’（Ⅰ P2,柠檬黄色果肉）,‘萨省奶油瓜’（Ⅱ P1,白色果肉）和‘新金兰选’（Ⅱ P2,柠檬黄色果肉）4份纯合自交系材料为亲本分别配置杂交组合,构建了两个六世代群体。利用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）对4个亲本材料4个不同发育时期的类胡萝卜素组分和含量进行测定。利用集群分离分析法（bulked segreant analysis,BSA）实现对两个BSA-seq群体（BSA-seq Ⅰ和BSA-seq Ⅱ）的初定位,然后根据西瓜参考基因组‘97103’V2注释信息挖掘候选基因,并通过实时荧光定量PCR（qRT-PCR）对候选基因进行验证。【结果】在西瓜果实发育过程中,紫黄质和叶黄素在双亲中差异性积累,其中紫黄质具有更高的含量,且在柠檬黄色果肉中的含量显著高于白色果肉。成熟期西瓜白色果肉中紫黄质含量为（10.96±4）μg·g-1DW,柠檬黄果肉中紫黄质含量为（22.84±2）μg·g-1 DW;成熟期西瓜白色果肉中叶黄素含量为（2.23 ±1）μg·g -1 DW,柠檬黄果肉中叶黄素含量为（3.97±1）μg·g-1 DW。在构建的两组六世代分离群体中,Ⅰ F1、Ⅱ F1、Ⅰ BC1P1、Ⅱ BC1P1群体西瓜果肉颜色均为非柠檬黄色,F2群体中西瓜果肉非柠檬黄色与柠檬黄色的分离比符合3∶1的孟德尔分离比例,Ⅰ BC1P2、Ⅱ BC1P2回交群体果肉非柠檬黄色和柠檬黄色分离比符合1∶1,表明西瓜果肉柠檬黄色对白色为隐性性状。通过对BSA-seq Ⅰ和BSA-seq Ⅱ数据进行SNP和InDel关联分析,将控制西瓜果肉柠檬黄色的主效位点定位在6号染色体24.00—24.61 Mb的区域内,该区域内共有70个基因。结合西瓜参考基因组注释信息及qRT-PCR表达量分析,最终得到5个与西瓜果肉柠檬黄色有关的基因,其中Cla97C06G121680、Cla97C06G121700和Cla97C06G121890均与叶绿体的形成和叶绿体结构大小有关,这3个基因通过干预有色体的形成影响西瓜果肉颜色;Cla97C06G121910是一种响应乙烯合成的AP2转录因子,与果实成熟密切相关,通过影响果实成熟造成果肉中类胡萝卜素的积累;Cla97C06G122090具有跨膜转运作用,在类胡萝卜素的跨膜运输中起作用。【结论】西瓜白色和柠檬黄色果肉中主要色素为紫黄质和叶黄素,且柠檬黄色果肉中的色素积累量显著高于白色果肉。西瓜果肉柠檬黄色对白色为隐性性状。BSA-seq分析将调控西瓜果肉柠檬黄色形成的一个主效位点定位于6号染色体24.00—24.61 Mb区间内,推测Cla97C06G121680、Cla97C06G121700、Cla97C06G121890、Cla97C06G122090、Cla97C06G121910是与西瓜果肉柠檬黄色形成相关的候选基因。 相似文献