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江苏丰县苹果产业现状及发展对策 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
为全面了解丰县苹果生产现状,推动苹果产业快速发展,2009-2011年对丰县果树生产情况进行了调研。调查发现：农户整体文化水平偏低,缺乏年轻人力;普遍年收入不足30000元;总投入每年递增,但投入产出比却持续降低;晚熟品种所占比例过大;对新技术的采纳较为保守;多采用传统销售模式,并期盼新型销售渠道的建立等。针对丰县苹果产业化生产中存在的以上问题,通过对国内外农业产业化发展和国内苹果生产发展现状进行分析,结合丰县苹果产业化发展的现状和趋势,提出丰县苹果产业化发展的思路和对策：（1）加强果品基地建设,严格安全卫生标准;（2）积极引导,壮大龙头企业,提升产业化水平;（3）解决生产布局和机构不合理的问题;（4）积极开拓国内外市场,完善市场服务功能;（5）建立营销市场的网络体系;（6）整合资源,发展观光果业,打造果业发展新亮点。 相似文献
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<正>敌敌畏是一种高效广谱的有机磷杀虫剂,在我国生产应用已有50多年的历史,一直是比较畅销的品种,为水稻、棉花、小麦、青菜、苹果等多种植物以及仓库和卫生害虫的防治,作出过很大的贡献。目前全国敌敌畏原药产 相似文献
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<正>陕西是我国苹果主产区和最佳优生区之一,随着原产地保护标志的启用,"陕西苹果"市场竞争力日益增强。苹果是陕西千阳的传统主导产业,近年来,该县县委、县 相似文献
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目前我国苹果主栽品种存在的主要问题是早熟品种综合性状不高;中熟品种缺乏当家品种,特别是缺乏9月份中秋节前后及国庆节前成熟的品种;晚熟品种过于单一。针对以上问题,笔者于2001年在美国合作研究期间,全面考察和观察了美国苹果品种,引进脆蜜等10多个苹果优良新品种。经在陕西白水、洛川等主产区试栽,筛选出以下3个品种可以大面积推广。 相似文献
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李金梅 《农产品加工．学刊》2014,(9):42-43
<正>苹果贮藏效果的优劣,在很大程度上取决于采收以后的处理措施、贮藏设施设备和管理技术。然而,苹果采收前的诸多因素决定了苹果的生长发育、化学成分和生理性状,而且苹果采收时的质量也直接影响着贮藏寿命,所以采前因素非常重要。1.影响苹果贮藏效果的内在因素(1)苹果的品种差异通常晚熟品种最耐贮藏,中熟品种次之,早熟品种最不耐贮藏。如红富士、国光、秦冠等品种成熟期晚,在常温下能贮藏2个月~3个月,在冷藏条件下贮藏期可达6个月 相似文献
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<正>湖北省主导品种是省农业厅发布的最适合当前农业生产中推广运用的品种,但是我们调查发现,这些品种的推广运用并不理想。为找准问题的根源,我们在2013年春播和秋播期间对总计160个农户的选用品种方式,对62家经营户销售种子的情况进行了调查,对农户主要调查种植面积、种植品种、种植品种的选择确定方法,对经销商主要调查店内经营的品种、进货量、是否张贴主导品种公告。在调查过程中我们要求种子经营门店如 相似文献
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<正>1存在的问题种子市场放开后,种子经营活动像雨后春笋般活跃,呈现出品种多,品种更新快,种子经销商进货渠道多元化,种子经营户剧增的局面,方便了广大农户购种,同时种子市场也出现了散、乱的新问题。要解决问题,种子管理部门必须强化种子市场管理、质量监督、经营备案等方面工作。1.1部分品种不备案由于部分种子企业或经销商销售的部分品种,属于 相似文献
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The assessment of produce quality is a major aspect of applied postharvest biology. Horticultural researchers working on organoleptic quality of fruit need objective methods for the evaluation of sensory properties. The development of sensory methodologies specifically for apples highlighted the problem of handling variation due to fruit variability and assessor differences. The aim of this study was to investigate the weight of within-batch variability in sensory evaluation of apples and to propose a methodology that accounts for this variability. Prior to sensory analysis, for three apple cultivars, apples were sorted into homogenous acoustic firmness categories within each cultivar. The discrimination ability of the trained panel was observed not only between cultivars but also within each cultivar for crunchiness, firmness, juiciness and acidity. Following these results, a mixed hierarchical model for the analysis of the sensory data was proposed to measure the contribution of fruit variability to the variability of sensory scores. The results showed the efficiency of the model in quantifying within-batch variability. Fruit sampling and presentation methods as well as data handling procedures are suggested for obtaining reliable sensory results in the assessment of apple quality. 相似文献
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Anna B. Marin Ann E. Colonna Koei Kudo Eugene M. Kupferman James P. Mattheis 《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2009,51(1):73-79
Post-harvest apple treatment with 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) was previously found to inhibit fruit ripening but also to inhibit the production of volatile compounds that contribute to apple flavor. The first objective of this study was to determine if consumers could distinguish 1-MCP treated and untreated Gala apples [Malus sylvestris L. (Mill.) var. domestica Borkh. Mansf.] following long-term storage. Chemical analysis showed 1-MCP treated fruit had reduced flavor volatiles compared to untreated fruit. Consumer difference tests showed they could distinguish between 1-MCP treated and untreated fruit. A second objective was to compare consumers’ acceptance for 1-MCP treated to untreated apples. Both 1-MCP treated and untreated apples received high overall liking scores that were not significantly different. Equal numbers of consumers indicated preference for 1-MCP treated and untreated fruit and there was no difference in purchase intent. However, subsets of consumers who eat Gala, Fuji or Red Delicious apples showed preference for untreated over 1-MCP treated fruit compared to consumers who do not eat these varieties. 相似文献
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L.M.M. Tijskens P.J. Konopacki R.E. Schouten J. Hribar M. Sim
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《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2008,50(2-3):153-163
The colour of ‘Granny Smith’ apples, harvested from three orchards at two stages of maturity, was measured individually using the CIE L*a*b* system during storage in regular atmosphere at three temperatures: 1, 4 and 10 °C. A model was developed based on a simplified mechanism to describe the development of the apple colour during storage as affected by senescence (aging) and chilling injury. Monitoring of individual apples made it possible to include and to describe the biological variance of colour in batches of apples and to correct the colour of each apple individually for its own biological shift factor (biological age; random effect). The biological shift factor is related to the initial condition and range of colour change. The rate of the colour development was estimated in common (fixed effects) for all batches using non-linear mixed effects regression analysis. The variance accounted for by the developed model, including effects of temperature, harvest maturity and orchard location, was more than 95% on 3211 observations. The overall reaction rate constant of decolouration, combining the effects of senescence and chilling injury, was found to depend on temperature. The temperature that showed the lowest overall reaction rate of decolouration is 8 °C, which is in contrast with the currently recommended storage temperature for ‘Granny Smith’ apples. 相似文献
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将从富士苹果皮中分离出的红酵母菌配制成不同浓度(105、106、107CFU/mL)的菌悬液处理鲜切苹果,研究红酵母菌对鲜切苹果在10℃条件下贮藏10 d期间可溶性蛋白含量及相关酶活性的影响。结果表明,红酵母菌能够延迟鲜切苹果可溶性蛋白含量出现最大值的时间,有助于维持细胞的正常代谢。另外,红酵母菌能够抑制过氧化物酶(POD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量的上升,可有效控制鲜切苹果细胞膜的过氧化作用,延缓苹果的氧化和组织的衰老。但在贮藏前期,红酵母菌也激活了鲜切苹果的多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(PG)活性,加速了苹果的软化。 相似文献
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Skin background colour is an important quality aspect in the grading of ‘Jonagold’ apples, with consumers usually preferring fruit with a green background colour. However, apple handlers are usually faced with large fruit-to-fruit variability of background colour within a population of fruit. In this study, a stochastic modelling approach was used to describe how the initial fruit-to-fruit variability in the background colour of ‘Jonagold’ apples present at harvest, propagates throughout the postharvest chain. Two hundred and twenty ‘Jonagold’ apple fruit were harvested and stored at 1 °C or 4 °C, under different controlled atmosphere (CA) conditions for 6 months, followed by 2 weeks exposure to shelf-life conditions, during which the background colour and ethylene production of the individual fruit were measured. A kinetic model was developed to describe the postharvest loss of skin greenness, by assuming that the loss was principally due to chlorophyll breakdown, the rate of which was dependent on the endogenous ethylene concentration. Stochastic model parameters were identified, and by treating these parameters as fruit-specific, the model could account for more than 95% of the variability of the data. By treating the stochastic model parameters as random factors, the Monte Carlo method was used to model and describe the propagation of the fruit-to-fruit variability of the background colour within a population of fruit. The model developed in this study might allow better management of variability in quality along the postharvest chain, by predicting how the initial fruit-to-fruit variability within a batch of apples will propagate throughout the postharvest chain, as a function of storage and shelf-life conditions. 相似文献