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1.
In order to define the role of nitric oxide (NO) in feline mammary tumours, the expression of endothelial or inducible nitric oxide synthase (e/iNOS) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and their relationship with angiogenesis, was investigated in 23 feline mammary tumours (two hyperplastic, 19 adenocarcinoma, one osteosarcoma and one squamous cell carcinoma) by immunohistochemistry. Tumour angiogenesis was assessed by CD31 immunostaining and was expressed as microvessel density (MVD). In general, iNOS immunoreactivity was localised in tumour cells and occasionally in stromal myofibroblasts, whereas eNOS and VEGF were localised in the cytoplasm of tumour epithelial cells and endothelium. In malignancy, expression of iNOS increased from well- to less-differentiated phenotypes (Grades 1-3) and was significantly higher in G3 and G2 when compared with G1 cases. However, increasing eNOS expression was limited only in hyperplastic lesions and showed no significant changes among the grades. In addition, expression of iNOS was positively correlated with VEGF and MVD in feline mammary tumours and both measures were significantly greater in less differentiated phenotypes (P<0.05). In conclusion, the expression of NOS isoforms in feline mammary tumours depended on tumour grade, and the positive correlations between iNOS and angiogenic markers suggests that iNOS synthesised by tumour cells promotes tumour growth. Thus, iNOS can be used as an important immunohistochemical marker to determine the degree of malignancy and prognosis of feline mammary carcinoma.  相似文献   

2.
The objective of the study was to determine the immunohistochemical expression of canine TERT in canine testicular tumours comparing two different antibodies for TERT, and to correlate them with well established markers specific to dividing cells such as PCNA and ki67, and with expression of the p53 tumour suppressor gene. The study included 36 cases of canine testicular tumours, which were categorized as 12 Sertoli Cell Tumours (SCT), 20 seminomas, 3 interstitial cell tumours and 1 mixed germ cell-sex cord stromal tumour (MT). Two antibodies for hTERT were examined; a highly specific TERT antibody, RCK-hTERT, was evaluated for the first time. Immunodetection of RCK-hTERT was observed in 31% of tumours examined (6/20 Seminomas, 4/12 SCT, 1/3 interstitial cell tumour and 0/1 mixed germ cell-sex cord stromal tumour), while the NCL-hTERT in 67% of them (15/20 Seminomas, 6/12 SCT, 3/3 interstitial cell tumour and 0/1 ΜΤ). PCNA immunoreactivity was detected in all cases. Regarding ki67, 3 SCT, 12 seminomas and all interstitial cell tumours showed clear immunoreaction. p53 immunoreactivity was detected in 6 SCT, 15 seminomas and all interstitial cell tumours. The immunohistochemical expression of both TERT antibodies are discussed and compared in order to clarify their potential usefulness in canine testicular malignancies in relation to the expression of well known cell cycle markers. Our results indicate that TERT and PCNA are useful proliferation markers but not helpful to evaluate prognosis. Instead of that ki67 and p53 could be used for predicting aggressiveness in this group of tumours  相似文献   

3.
Maxillectomy was used in the treatment of 23 dogs and four cats with oral tumours and one dog with osteomyelitis. The major post-operative complication was wound dehiscence. All dehiscences occurred in dogs with tumour epicentres caudal to PM1. Maxillectomy in eight dogs with oral fibrosarcoma gave disappointing results (median survival time of 7 months and a median tumour-free interval of 3½ months). Three of four dogs with squamous cell carcinoma were tumour free after a minimum follow-up period of 6 months; two of these dogs received orthovoltage radiation therapy following surgery. Maxillectomy provided excellent local control of benign tumours: three epulides and one atypical odontogenic tumour did not recur (minimum follow-up period was 10 months); an osteoma recurred after 17 months. Four cats, three with squamous cell carcinoma and one with fibrosarcoma, developed local tumour recurrence within 4 months.  相似文献   

4.
Reduced expression in immortalized cells (REIC/Dkk‐3), a member of the human Dickkopf (Dkk) family, is a growth suppressor in human and canine mammary tumours. Mammary gland tumours are common neoplasms with high malignancy in female cats. The purpose of this study was to clone the feline REIC/Dkk‐3 homolog, investigate its expression in cell lines established from feline mammary gland tumours, and test its tumour suppressor function. Western blot analysis revealed that expression of the REIC/Dkk‐3 protein was reduced in feline mammary carcinoma cell lines. Forced expression of REIC/Dkk‐3 induced apoptosis in feline mammary tumour cell lines. These results demonstrate that REIC/Dkk‐3 expression, which is downregulated in feline mammary tumour cell lines, results in the induction of apoptosis in these cells. Our findings suggest that feline REIC/Dkk‐3 represents a potential molecular target for the development of therapies against feline mammary cancers.  相似文献   

5.
A region from exon 4 to 8 of the tumour suppressor gene p53 was analysed in 60 feline tumours (30 fibrosarcomas, seven malignant histiocytomas, three lymphosarcomas, five basal cell tumours, five squamous cell carcinomas, two adenocarcinomas of tubular skin glands, one undifferentiated carcinoma of the skin, seven mammary carcinomas). Missense mutations were detected in two fibrosarcomas, one malignant fibrous histiocytoma, the undifferentiated carcinoma of the skin and one mammary carcinoma. One nonsense mutation was detected in one fibrosarcoma and one deletion/frameshift-mutation was observed in one squamous cell carcinoma.  相似文献   

6.
This retrospective study of a series of 18 cases aimed to describe the clinical and pathological findings of oral tumours in rabbits, as there have been few reports detailing spontaneous oral tumours in this species. A total of 13 different tumour types were diagnosed: squamous cell carcinoma (three), ameloblastoma (two), fibrosarcoma (two), osteosarcoma (two), cementoma (one), complex odontoma (one), giant cell epulis (one), sarcoma (one), chondrosarcoma (one), trichoepithelioma (one), papilloma (one), malignant melanoma (one) and basal cell carcinoma (one). Odontogenic tumours were relatively common in this study as compared to the oral tumours typically identified in dogs and cats. The most common clinical sign in this study was feeding abnormalities. Surgical excision and radiation therapy were found to be effective in rabbits.  相似文献   

7.
Granulosa cell tumour in two speyed bitches   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
Granulosa cell tumours are uncommon ovarian tumours in the bitch and are rare in speyed bitches. This case report describes two cases of granulosa cell tumour in bitches that were speyed at less than 1-year-of-age. Both animals presented with persistent vulval bleeding. Although the majority of granulosa cell tumours are large enough to be palpated by the time of presentation, both tumours were relatively small. Granulosa cell tumour is a possible complication of incomplete ovarian excision at the time of ovariohysterectomy. In cases of granulosa cell tumour in previously speyed bitches, with no evidence of metastases, tumour resection should be curative. Ovaries should be double-checked at the initial ovariohysterectomy to ensure all normal ovarian tissue has been excised.  相似文献   

8.
This study evaluated the prognosis factors of age, tumour size, anatomic location, histological grade and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression in 13 dogs with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) with bone invasion and without signs of lymph node or distant metastasis. All animals were treated with radical excision performed with at least 1 cm margin, based on computed tomography images. In the 2‐year follow‐up, median disease‐free survival was 138 days for dogs with grade 3 tumours and was not reached for those with grade 2 tumours. Grade 3 tumours and PCNA labelling index ≥65% were related with a shorter disease‐free survival time and consequently poor prognosis (p = 0.003 and p = 0.034, respectively). Mean PCNA labelling index was significantly higher in recurrent cases (p = 0.011). Histological grade and PCNA expression may be important prognosis factors in canine OSCC.  相似文献   

9.
Objectives : To determine which types of tumour occur in cats up to the age of 12 months based on biopsies submitted to Idexx Laboratories, Wetherby, UK. Methods : Retrospective review of histopathological diagnoses of tumours in cats up to the age of 12 months from biopsies received between September 1993 and March 2008. Results : A total of 4196 submissions from cats 12 months old or younger were identified; 233 biopsies (6%) were neoplastic and fulfilled the search criteria. Tumours were categorised as haematopoietic (n=73, 31%), malignant epithelial (n=44; 19%), malignant mesenchymal (n=38; 16%), benign epithelial (n=37; 16%), benign mesenchymal (n=30, 13%) and miscellaneous (n=11; 5%). The most frequent tumours were lymphoma (n=51; 22%), soft-tissue sarcoma (n=34; 15%), mast cell tumour (n=22; 9%) and squamous cell carcinoma (n=16; 7%). The most common tumour site was the skin and soft tissues (41% of tumours). In all, 164 neoplasms (70%) were malignant or had malignant potential. Clinical Significance : These data provide unique epidemiological information on a poorly characterised subgroup of feline cancer patients in the UK.  相似文献   

10.
The clinical and pathological findings of 28 cases (27 horses, 1 donkey) of equid sinonasal tumours examined at the Edinburgh Veterinary School are presented and include: seven cases of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC); five adenocarcinomas; three undifferentiated carcinomas; two adenomas; five fibro-osseous and bone tumours; and single cases of ameloblastoma, fibroma, fibrosarcoma, undifferentiated sarcoma, melanoma and lymphosarcoma. The median ages of animals affected with epithelial, and fibro-osseous/bone tumours were 14 and 4 years, respectively. Unilateral purulent or mucopurulent nasal discharge (81% of cases) and gross facial swellings (82% of cases) were the most common presenting signs with sinonasal tumours, with epistaxis recorded in just 23% of cases. Radiology and endoscopy were the most useful ancillary diagnostic techniques. The maxillary area was the most common site of tumour origin, and only three cases were definitively identified as originating in the nasal cavity. Four of the maxillary SCC lesions originated within the nasal cavities or maxillary sinuses, while two originated in the oral cavity. Fourteen of 15 carcinomas, but only two of the 13 remaining tumours, spread to other sites in the head. Only three cases of sinonasal tumour had lymph node metastases, and none had distant metastases. In the long term, surgical treatment with seven malignant tumours was unsuccessful (6 months median survival post-operatively), but was successful with four out of five benign tumours (no regrowth at a median of 4 years post-operatively).  相似文献   

11.
Primary and secondary bone tumours in the cat   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
Both primary and secondary bone tumours are rare in cats. Of the twenty-four cases of primary bone tumour, benign or malignant, in the cats of our study, the most common tumour was osteosarcoma (fifteen cats). The osteosarcomas tended to occur in aged female domestic short-hair cats; nine of the fifteen originated in the long bones of the extremities and three involved the skull. Four juxtacortical osteosarcomas, three chondro-sarcomas, and one example each of oesteoma and osteoid osteoma were found. The four juxtacortical osteosarcomas developed in relation to cranial bones, a location not recorded previously in cats.
Of the five tumour-like lesions of bone simulating primary tumours, three were aneurysmal bone cysts and two were fibrous dysplasias.
Of the twenty-nine cats with soft tissue tumours or tumour-like lesions involving bone, eleven had fibrosarcoma, eight had squamous cell carcinoma, three had lymphosarcoma, two had rhabdomyosarcoma, and one example of each was malignant melanoma, haemangiosarcoma, reticulum-cell sarcoma, meningioma and myositis ossificans.
Osteoid osteoma, fibrous dysplasia and myositis ossificans were not previously recorded in the cat.  相似文献   

12.
Gastric carcinoma in the dog: A clinicopathological study of 11 cases   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
From October 1984 to May 1987, advanced gastric carcinoma was diagnosed in 11 dogs at the University of Milan. All cases were examined clinically, radiologically and endoscopically, and nine dogs were submitted for autopsy. The tumour mass was excised surgically in one case and treated by photodynamic therapy (haematoporphyrins and laser) in one other case. Fiberoptic examination allowed diagnosis in all the subjects. In seven of eight cases, histological diagnosis was achieved by means of transendoscopic biopsy. There appeared to be a breed predisposition to the tumour as eight of 11 tumours affected Belgian shepherd dogs and all these had neoplasms arising from the lesser curvature with prevailing histological features of mucin secreting tumours.  相似文献   

13.
Histopathological examination was performed on cutaneous biopsies from 900 dogs with skin lesions from Zimbabwe, collected from 1996 to 2000. Clinical data were collected from medical records. Sixty per cent (540/900) of the cases were tumours and 40% (360/900) were non-neoplastic inflammatory or degenerative diseases. Thirty different histological types of tumour were diagnosed. The prevalence of epithelial, mesenchymal, lymphohistiocytic and melanocytic tumours was 39.4%, 44.4%, 7.4% and 8.7%, respectively. The 10 most common tumours, comprising 73.7% of all cutaneous neoplasms, were mast cell tumours, squamous cell carcinomas, perianal gland adenomas, lymphomas, benign melanomas, haemangiosarcomas, sebaceous gland adenomas, fibrosarcomas, lipomas and malignant melanomas. The prevalence of various neoplasms, age of affected dogs and sites of occurrence were similar to surveys in other countries, except that in Zimbabwe there was a greater prevalence of lymphomas and of tumours associated with increased exposure to ultraviolet light (squamous cell carcinomas, haemangiosarcomas and melanomas). For all classes of tumours the sex of the dog did not have any significant influence on the likelihood of developing a tumour. For a dog diagnosed with a tumour located on the trunk, the tumour was significantly more likely to be an epithelial tumour than a non-epithelial tumour The occurrence of melanocytic tumours on the trunk was significantly lower than at other sites. Lymphohistiocytic tumours were 10 times more likely to occur at multiple locations as opposed to single locations.  相似文献   

14.
A total of 28 dogs bearing bone-involved tumours of the oral cavity underwent radical excision procedures including premaxillectomy, mandibular symphysectomy and removal of the horizontal body or vertical ramus of the mandible. Subsequent return to normal feeding was rapid and long-term prehensile and masticatory function was considered to be good with prosthetic reconstruction necessary in only one case. Amongst the 23 malignant tumours in this series the actuarial survival rate at twelve months was markedly improved in the case of the squamous cell carcinoma and osteosarcoma over that for conventional treatment techniques. No significant improvement was seen in the cases of fibrosarcoma. All five dogs undergoing surgery for benign tumours are surviving tumour free. Radical surgical excision is a practical approach to the management of otherwise complex mandibular and premaxillary tumours providing good tumour-free function and improvement in prognosis for certain histological types.  相似文献   

15.
Few veterinary studies have evaluated the response to chemotherapy treatment of canine intranasal tumours, while many have focused on the efficacy of radiation therapy. Given the higher costs and limited access to radiation therapy, alternative treatment options are needed. The study describes a cohort of dogs with histologically confirmed intranasal tumours treated with chemotherapy as a sole therapy. This retrospective study was conducted using data from the Melbourne Veterinary Specialist Centre (MVSC) database between 2004 and 2017. Dogs with a histologically confirmed intranasal tumour who received chemotherapy treatment were included. Signalment, presenting signs, tumour type, chemotherapy details, adverse events (AEs) and survival times were reviewed. Twenty‐nine dogs met the inclusion criteria. Overall median survival time for dogs in the study was 234 days (range 12‐1698 days). Median survival for dogs with adenocarcinoma or carcinoma (n = 12) was 280 days, transitional cell carcinoma (n = 6) 163 days, squamous cell carcinoma, anaplastic carcinoma or undifferentiated carcinoma (n = 7) 59 days and all sarcomas (n = 4) 448 days. Adverse events were reported following 28% of treatments and 69% of dogs experienced at least one AE. Twenty four per cent of all dogs experienced grade 3 or 4 toxicities. The chemotherapy protocol was generally well tolerated. The study suggests potential benefit in the use of chemotherapy for dogs with adenocarcinoma, carcinoma and sarcoma.  相似文献   

16.
E-cadherin (E-cad) is a cell adhesion molecule known for its tumour invasion-suppressor function. This study investigated the immunohistochemical expression of E-cadherin in 19 cases of malignant mammary tumours of the dog and the relationship between E-cadherin expression in primary tumours and in regional lymph node metastases. E-cadherin expression is not always parallel in the primary tumour and in the lymph node metastasis. One year follow-up was available in 12 of 19 cases. Three different patterns of expression were revealed in the lymph node metastases compared with the primary tumour: downregulation when the protein expression was weaker in the metastasis than in the primary tumour; upregulation when E-cadherin was stronger in the lymph node than in the primary tumour, and a similarly intense expression when it was equal in the metastasis and in the tumour. The lymph node pattern revealed a prevalent upregulation or downregulation with respect to the primary tumour, whereas a similar expression of E-cadherin was encountered in less than 50% of cases.  相似文献   

17.
In this paper, we report on our experience of cytology of fine needle biopsies performed on 92 dogs with testicular tumours during the period from 1998 to 2002. Cytological diagnosis was consistent with seminoma in 20 cases, sertolioma in 16 cases, Leydig cell tumours in 50 cases and mastocytoma in one case. Five cases could not be diagnosed by cytology. Cytological observations were confirmed after surgery by histopathological examination in 87 cases. Cytology provided a sensitivity of 95% for seminoma, 88% for sertolioma and 96% for Leydig cell tumours. The specificity was 100% for all three tumour types. In our experience cytology of fine needle aspirations of testicular tumours is a very reliable technique.  相似文献   

18.
The chemical analysis of the caffeine salt of a phosphomolybdic-tungstic acid compound (PTMC) is described. Twenty-seven dogs with advanced malignant tumours have been treated with PTMC by intramuscular or intravenous injection. Five dogs - one case of metastatic osteosarcoma, two cases of metastatic mammary carcinoma, one case of metastatic squamous cell carcinoma and one case of primary fibrosarcoma showed objective tumour regression for periods varying from four weeks to 20 months. Only two of the 27 dogs treated showed toxic effects.  相似文献   

19.
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20.
Non‐tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma (ntSCC) is a common and locally aggressive oral tumour in dogs. The treatments of choice are currently surgery and radiotherapy. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a local ablative anti‐tumour technique using electric pulses to enhance the intracellular diffusion of cytotoxic drugs. The aim was to retrospectively evaluate the outcome of patients with oral ntSCC treated with ECT. Twelve dogs with ntSCC were retrospectively enrolled. ECT was combined with IV bleomycin (15 000 UI/m2) alone in 11 cases and post‐surgery in 1. Parameters considered were: tumour site and size, electroporation parameters, response rate (complete remission [CR], partial remission [PR]), median survival time (MST), recurrence rate (RR), median disease‐free interval (DFI) and treatment toxicity (6‐point scale). Median tumour size was 1.65 cm (range 0.3‐8.0 cm) and the response rate was 90.9% (10/11; 8 CR and 2 PR). Two dogs underwent a second ECT. MST for dogs dead with tumour (n = 2) was 110 days and for dogs dead without tumour (n = 3) was 831 days. Among five surviving dogs, one experienced tumour recurrence and four were in CR. Results from two dogs were analysed separately. Overall RR was 27.3%. DFI and MST for dogs with recurrence were 50 and 115 days, respectively. Treatment toxicity was very low. We noticed that all dogs with tumours smaller than 1‐2 cm achieved CR without recurrence suggesting a favourable prognosis when using ECT. ECT for canine ntSCC could be considered a valid treatment option especially for smaller tumours, but a larger caseload would be needed to confirm this statement.  相似文献   

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