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1.
Echocardiography of a dog with a cardiac murmur revealed an ostium primum septal defect, a ventricular septal defect, and mitral valve malformation with regurgitation. The mitral valve and tricuspid valve were separated and displaced at the same level as the ventricular septum. The mitral valve had a cleft in the septal cusp. Cardiac catheterization and angiocardiography showed a left-to-right shunt and a "goose-neck sign," which indicated an elongated left ventricular outflow tract. The diagnosis of a partial atrioventricular septal defect with ventricular septal defect was made. Surgical correction was successfully performed under extracorpo-real circulation using a cardiopulmonary bypass system.  相似文献   

2.
Tetralogy of Fallot is a congenital heart defect that causes cyanosis, severe progressive weakness and activity intolerance, polycythemia, and shortened life span in dogs. Open surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot consisting of closure of the ventricular septal defect and reconstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract via a right ventriculotomy during cardiopulmonary bypass is feasible in severely affected dogs. Successful surgical repair can completely resolve clinical signs associated with the defect.  相似文献   

3.
Objective: To describe surgical repair of a complete endocardial cushion defect (ECD) in a dog. Study Design: Clinical report. Animal: A 5‐month‐old, 9.2 kg male Shetland sheepdog. Methods: Echocardiographic examination revealed an ostium primum atrial septal defect (ASD), an inlet ventricular septal defect (VSD), mitral regurgitation (MR) and tricuspid regurgitation (TR), and a complete ECD was diagnosed. Surgical correction was performed using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) via right atriotomy. A polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) patch was secured along the margin of the inlet VSD using simple continuous suture, then the cleft in the septal mitral leaflet was sutured. Similarly, the cleft in the septal tricuspid leaflets was sutured. To complete inlet VSD closure, the VSD patch was secured to these sutured leaflets by simple continuous suture. Another PTFE patch was used to close the ostium primum ASD. Result: After surgery, MR, TR, and interventricular shunting were decreased. The dog was alive 6 years and 5 months after the surgery with no evidence of an interventricular shunt, TR, or other clinical signs. Conclusions: Complete ECD in a dog was corrected using a 2‐patch technique under CPB.  相似文献   

4.
A systolic heart murmur was auscultated in a 2-yr-old female Sumatran orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus sumatraensis) with a slower than expected growth rate. Cardiac ultrasound revealed an 11-mm atrial septal defect. Cardiac catheterization confirmed the diagnosis. Surgical repair was performed during cardiopulmonary bypass using a pericardial patch. The bypass pump was primed with human albumin and donor orangutan whole blood of a compatible type. Hematuria occurred shortly after the initiation of cardiopulmonary bypass. Successful repair was immediately confirmed with transesophageal ultrasonography. The animal was extubated shortly after returning to spontaneous ventilation but had to be reintubated 4 hr later due to tachypnea and decreased SpO2. Additional extubation attempts failed, necessitating continuous positive pressure ventilation, monitoring, and intensive care environment. Thoracic radiographs suggested adult respiratory distress syndrome. The animal required 14 days of intensive care before extubation of the trachea was successful. After 4 wk of isolation, the orangutan was successfully reintroduced to its family group.  相似文献   

5.
OBJECTIVE: To compare right atrium incision (RAI) and right ventricular outflow incisions (RVI) for surgical repair of membranous ventricular septal defect (VSD) facilitated by cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: Dogs (n=10) with VSD. METHODS: Medical records of dogs that had VSD repair were reviewed. Membranous VSD without any malformation and abnormality was confirmed on several clinical examinations and by angiocardiography. RAI (5 dogs) and RVI (5 dogs) was used for VSD access and repair facilitated by CPB. Procedure comparison was by surgical duration, postoperative recovery period, and occurrence of postoperative arrhythmia. RESULTS: Duration of surgery was similar for RAI and RVI; however, postoperative recovery time was significantly reduced with RAI. Significant moderate operative damage occurred with right atrium incision. CONCLUSIONS: Right atrium incision was more effective than RVI for repair of membranous VSD using CPB. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: RAI should be considered in preference to RVI for repair of membranous VSD using CPB.  相似文献   

6.
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7.
Perimembranous ventricular septal defect is a common congenital heart disease in the dog. It can partially or completely close with age by development of a membranous ventricular septal aneurysm. Aortic endocarditis is a reported complication of ventricular septal defect and membranous ventricular septal aneurysm in human beings. This report describes a case of aortic endocarditis associated with a membranous ventricular septal aneurysm perforated by a small ventricular septal defect in a boxer dog.  相似文献   

8.
Pulmonary atresia and ventricular septal defect (PA-VSD) was diagnosed in a 2-year-old castrated male Terrier mix. Transthoracic echocardiography identified a large ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta and severe right ventricular hypertrophy. A main pulmonary artery could not be identified, consistent with pulmonary atresia or persistent truncus arteriosus. Transesophageal echocardiography and angiography confirmed PA-VSD with aortopulmonary collateral circulation arising from the descending thoracic aorta. This case report describes the antemortem diagnosis of the rare congenital defect PA-VSD in an adult dog.  相似文献   

9.
A 3-week-old female white Bengal Tiger cub (Panthera tigris tigris) presented with acute onset tachypnoea, cyanosis and hypothermia. The cub was severely hypoxaemic with a mixed acid–base disturbance. Echocardiography revealed severe pulmonic stenosis, right ventricular hypertrophy, high membranous ventricular septal defect and an overriding aorta. Additionally, an atrial septal defect was found on necropsy, resulting in the final diagnosis of Tetralogy of Fallot with an atrial septal defect (a subclass of Pentalogy of Fallot). This report is the first to encompass arterial blood gas analysis, thoracic radiographs, echocardiography and necropsy findings in a white Bengal Tiger cub diagnosed with Tetralogy of Fallot with an atrial septal defect.  相似文献   

10.
An 8-month-old entire Miniature Dachshund, weighing 4.2 kg, was presented for examination following delvelopment of a cough. Ventricular septal defect had been diagnosed tentatively in its infancy on the basis of a cardiac murmur detected by auscultation and echocardiography. Echocardiography using a B mode right parasternal long-axis view showed a defect at the atrioventricular junction and a thickened cusp of the aortic valve prolapsing into the defect. Colour-flow Doppler showed shunt blood flow across the defect at the level of the atrioventricular junction, from left to right. The sinus of Valsalva was dilated, with turbulent blood flow. Aortic regurgitation was also observed. Cardiac catheterisation studies confirmed the diagnosis of a supracristal ventricular septal defect with aortic regurgitation. Despite medication with digoxin, enalapril and aminophylin, started from the first admission, left ventricular internal dimensions gradually increased, and fractional shortening of the left ventricle gradually decreased. Surgery, with the aid of extracorporeal circulation, to close the ventricular septal defect, was performed 1 year after the initial examination. The aortic valve was left untreated. Postoperatively, the systolic murmur disappeared. Shunt flow from the left to the right ventricle was no longer observed on echocardiography, however there was still a small amount of aortic regurgitation during diastole visualised with colour-flow Doppler echocardiography. The prolapse of the cusp of the aortic valve on B-mode echocardiography was no longer observed and thickening of the cusp had not progressed. Left ventricular function measurement using M mode echocardiography showed a reduced left ventricular volume overload with reduced left ventricular internal dimensions and increased fractional shortening. The cough was relieved and no follow-up medication was scheduled. Early surgical closure of the ventricular septal defect improved the patient's condition and controlled prolapse and thickening of the aortic valve.  相似文献   

11.
Two domestic shorthair cats, a 6-month-old castrated male and a 7-month-old intact female, were diagnosed with complex congenital heart disease. Transthoracic echocardiography in both cats revealed a dilated arterial trunk overriding the interventricular septum with a large ventricular septal defect. The pulmonary trunk and branch pulmonary arteries were not visible using standard echocardiographic views in either cat. The differential diagnosis for both cats included truncus arteriosus communis vs. pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect. Each cat underwent computed tomography angiography to determine the origin and extent of the pulmonary blood supply and to better define extra-cardiac anatomy. Computed tomography angiography led to a diagnosis of truncus arteriosus communis with unrestricted pulmonary blood flow in one cat, whereas the other cat was diagnosed with pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect and major aortopulmonary collaterals serving as the primary source of pulmonary blood flow. Computed tomography angiography allowed for the ante mortem differentiation of truncus arteriosus communis from pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect in these two cats, leading to an accurate diagnosis and providing valuable information to therapeutic decision-making for each case.  相似文献   

12.
A 3-week-old Thoroughbred colt was presented for weakness and cyanosis. A pansystolic regurgitant murmur and other physical findings suggested that the foal developed pulmonary oedema as a consequence of congenital heart disease. A large atria1 septal defect, a high ventricular septal defect and dysplasia of the atrioventricular valves were visualised echocardiographically. A persistent common atrioventricular canal was observed at necropsy.  相似文献   

13.
A 3-week-old Thoroughbred colt was presented for weakness and cyanosis. A pansystolic regurgitant murmur and other physical findings suggested that the foal developed pulmonary oedema as a consequence of congenital heart disease. A large atrial septal defect, a high ventricular septal defect and dysplasia of the atrioventricular valves were visualised echocardiographically. A persistent common atrioventricular canal was observed at necropsy.  相似文献   

14.
Tricuspid atresia in a foal   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
An Arabian crossbred foal was examined because of a suspected congenital cardiac anomaly. There was a grade V/V crescendo-decresendo holosystolic murmur and thrill in the left 4th intercostal space. The foal was slightly cyanotic and polycythemic. Electrocardiography suggested left ventricular hypertrophy. Angiography and cardiac and vascular pressure recordings led to a diagnosis of pulmonic stenosis. The foal died after cardiac bypass and corrective surgery. Postmortem examination revealed an enlarged right atrium, atresia of the tricuspid orifice, a large, fenestrated patent foramen ovale, eccentric left ventricular hypertrophy, and a large interventricular septal defect. The right ventricle had a small lumen and a relatively thick wall. There was valvular and supravalvular pulmonic stenosis, with poststenotic dilatation of the pulmonary artery. A single coronary artery originated from the anterior sinus of the aorta.  相似文献   

15.
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and ventricular septal defect were diagnosed in a 2-month-old, 0.9-kg, male kitten. This combination of PDA and ventricular septal defect in a cat has not been previously described. Surgical ligation of the PDA, together with palliation of the ventricular septal defect by pulmonary artery banding with a silastic band, successfully improved the kitten's condition.  相似文献   

16.
In a review of aortic regurgitation in 12 dogs, breed or sex predilection was not found. Clinical signs included decreased exercise tolerance and diastolic murmur. Associated anomalies included ventricular septal defect and aortic stenosis. It was concluded that when aortic regurgitation develops secondary to a ventricular septal defect, the prognosis should be grave.  相似文献   

17.
Objective: To describe surgical repair of a large atrial septal defect (ASD) in a cat. Study Design: Clinical report. Animal: A 3‐year‐old, 3.3 kg, intact male Japanese domestic short‐haired cat. Methods: A 10.2‐mm‐diameter ASD detected by echocardiography was surgically corrected because pulmonary vascular resistance‐to‐systemic vascular resistance ratio (Qp/Qs) was 3.2. Using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), open surgical repair was achieved with an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e‐PTFE) graft. The priming volume of the CPB circuit was minimized by cutting the CPB tubing, and partially replacing the priming fluid with whole cat blood. To prevent hemodilution associated with use of cardioprotective agents, surgery was performed on the beating heart. Results: At 1‐year echocardiographic evaluation, the repair was intact, and at 3 years, the cat was alive without need of medication. Conclusions: Large ASD in a cat can be repaired using e‐PTFE under CPB.  相似文献   

18.
A 10‐week‐old, male, domestic long‐hair cat was medically managed for congenital heart disease over a period of 8 years. Regular clinical examinations, including sequential echocardiography, documented a non‐restrictive paramembranous ventricular septal defect, secundum‐type atrial septal defect and aortic dextroposition. Pulmonary arterial hypertension was diagnosed by the presence of high‐velocity tricuspid regurgitation, bidirectional low velocity flow across the ventricular septal defect, pulmonary arterial dilation and severe right ventricular hypertrophy without evidence of pulmonary outflow tract obstruction. The cat remained clinically stable until it died suddenly at 8 years of age. Histopathology of the lungs found evidence of plexogenic pulmonary arteriopathy. Despite severe pulmonary vascular lesions, other post‐mortem evidence of right heart failure was lacking and death was attributed to a fatal cardiac arrhythmia. In this case report of a cat with chronic pulmonary hypertension over 8 years, plexogenic lesions were found on histopathology. The microscopic findings resemble those previously reported in dogs.  相似文献   

19.
A dog that was referred to the University of Florida Veterinary Medical Center was discovered to have a bamboo skewer within the right atrium and right ventricle, traversing the tricuspid valve. The skewer was ingested approximately four months prior to referral and was partially removed via gastrotomy. The presenting complaint at the time of referral included coagulopathy, anemia and leukocytosis. A linear, hyperechoic structure was identified in the right heart during an echocardiogram. The foreign body was suspected to be a portion of the skewer that the patient had previously ingested. Cardiopulmonary bypass was performed and the foreign body was removed successfully. Complications following surgery included the development of tricuspid valve and ventricular wall thrombi, atrial flutter and amiodarone toxicity. Many indications have been described in the veterinary literature for cardiopulmonary bypass. However, to the best of the authors' knowledge, successful removal of an intracardiac foreign body with cardiopulmonary bypass has not been reported in a veterinary patient. This represents a new indication for cardiopulmonary bypass in veterinary medicine.  相似文献   

20.
Congenital membranous ventricular septal aneurysm has been reported in dogs and can be associated with a perimembranous ventricular septal defect (VSD). The windsock-like ventricular septal aneurysm is formed by tissue of the membranous ventricular septum and portions of the septal leaflet of the tricuspid valve. We report two dogs that underwent transcatheter closure of perimembranous VSD associated with membranous ventricular septal aneurysm using a commercial device marketed for transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus, the canine duct occluder. Partial closure was achieved in the first dog with reduction in left heart dimensions documented on echocardiography both at one day and nine months after procedure. In the second dog, three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography, cardiac computed tomography, and a three-dimensionally printed whole heart model were used to evaluate feasibility for transcatheter device closure. Complete closure of the VSD was subsequently achieved. Both cases had good short- to medium-term outcomes, no perioperative complications were observed, and both dogs are apparently healthy and receiving no cardiac medications at 34 months and 17 months after procedure. Transcatheter attenuation of perimembranous VSD with membranous ventricular septal aneurysm is clinically feasible using the canine duct occluder, and multimodal cardiac imaging allows accurate assessment and planning prior to transcatheter intervention for structural heart disease in dogs.  相似文献   

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