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茄子抗冷性的研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
茄子属喜温性蔬菜作物,冬春设施栽培经常遇到低温危害,生长发育受阻,产量和品质降低,而影响茄子抗冷性因素是多方面的。本文通过系统阐述茄子在生理、生物技术和嫁接方面抗冷性的研究现状以及对茄子的研究展望,来促进茄子的研究发展。 相似文献
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钙调素拮抗剂与Ca2+对茄子幼苗抗冷性的影响 总被引：25，自引：0，他引：25
研究钙调素(CaM) 拮抗剂W7〔N- (6-aminohexyl)-5-chloro-1-naphthalene sulfonamide〕和Ca2+对茄子幼苗抗冷性的影响, 结果表明: W7 浸种处理显著提高了低温胁迫下茄子幼苗叶片电解质渗透率和MDA 含量, 降低了SOD、CAT活性和可溶性蛋白质含量; 而Ca2+浸种处理显著降低了低温胁迫下叶片电解质渗透率和MDA 含量, 提高了SOD、CAT活性和可溶性蛋白质含量, 说明Ca2+-CaM信使系统在茄子幼苗抗冷调控过程中起着重要的作用。 相似文献
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为探讨番茄根系与接穗及其互作效应影响嫁接苗耐冷性的效应大小与生理机制,以耐冷性强的番茄‘060112’(R)和冷敏感番茄‘060911’(S)为试材,采用靠接法进行嫁接,组成双根双穗嫁接苗RS/RS,待嫁接苗成活后通过断根或断穗,形成R/R、R/RS、R/S、S/R、S/RS和S/S共6个根/穗组合处理,置于光强22 klx、光周期12 h/12 h光照培养箱,测定昼夜温度10℃/3℃低温胁迫9 d及25℃/15℃常温恢复3 d时嫁接苗叶片和根系中活性氧水平及As A-GSH循环中关键酶和抗氧化物质的变化。结果表明,低温胁迫显著提高了番茄嫁接苗叶片和根系中H_2O_2含量及超氧阴离子产生速率,但耐冷性强的R根系嫁接苗活性氧水平显著低于冷敏感的S根系嫁接苗,虽然R接穗嫁接苗活性氧水平亦显著低于S接穗嫁接苗,但降幅不及根系嫁接苗的大,表明根系在增强嫁接苗耐冷性中的作用大于接穗。低温胁迫下,各处理嫁接苗叶片和根系As A-GSH循环中关键酶(APX、MDHAR、DHAR、GR)活性和抗氧化物质(As A、DHA、GSH、GSSG)的含量均显著增加,且除DHA和GSSG外,均以R根系或R接穗嫁接苗较高,S根系或S接穗嫁接苗较低,RS根系或RS接穗嫁接苗居中,表明低温胁迫下耐冷性强的R根系或接穗嫁接苗的抗氧化能力显著高于S根系或接穗嫁接苗。具RS双接穗的嫁接苗中又以RS-R叶片的抗氧化能力显著高于RS-S叶片,且互作效应的P值小于0.01(或0.05),表明根、穗对嫁接苗耐冷性存在显著的互作效应。 相似文献
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以4种白籽南瓜为砧木,以甜宝甜瓜为接穗,对嫁接苗和自根苗进行15℃/5℃(昼/夜)连续5d低温处理,统计嫁接苗成活率,并进行生长指标及抗冷相关生理指标的测定。结果表明,低温胁迫后嫁接苗株高、茎粗、地上部鲜质量、根鲜质量的相对生长量均高于自根苗,根系活力、可溶性糖含量、脯氨酸(Pro)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性亦不同程度高于自根苗,而丙二醛(MDA)含量则显著低于自根苗。嫁接显著提高了甜瓜的耐冷性,低温胁迫后甜砧嫁接苗的生长指标以及抗冷相关生理指标几乎全部优于其他3种砧木嫁接苗及自根苗,更适合在甜瓜耐低温生产中推广应用。 相似文献
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The effect of 80 mmol L−1 stress by excess of calcium nitrate [Ca(NO3)2] on biomass production, oxidative damage, antioxidant enzymes activities and polyamine contents in leaves of grafted and non-grafted eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) seedlings were studied, in which grafted plants were grafted on a salinity tolerant rootstock (Solanum torvum Swartz). The results showed that on the 15th day of treatment, the biomass production reduction of non-grafted seedlings was significantly higher than that of grafted seedlings. Under stress by excess of Ca(NO3)2, superoxide anion radical (O2−) producing rate, electrolyte leakage percentage, contents of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) of non-grafted seedlings were significantly higher than those of grafted seedlings, but activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1), peroxidase (POD, EC 1.11.1.7), ascorbate peroxidase (APX, EC 1.11.1.11) and glutathione reductase (GR, EC 1.6.4.2) of grafted seedlings were significantly higher than those of non-grafted seedlings, moreover, contents of free, soluble conjugated and insoluble bound polyamines of grafted seedlings were significantly higher than those of non-grafted seedlings, and activities of diamine oxidase (DAO, EC 1.4.3.6) and polyamine oxidase (PAO, EC 1.5.3.3) of grafted seedlings were significantly lower than those of non-grafted seedlings. The possible roles of antioxidant enzymes and polyamines in protective mechanism of grafted eggplant seedlings to stress by excess of Ca(NO3)2 were discussed. 相似文献
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Grafting is a unique horticultural technology that allows the grower to select an alternate, compatible root system with natural disease resistance for their desired crop. Short-term storage of grafted seedlings under low temperature may extend the production window of grafted seedlings, reduce the labor input and increase production of grafted seedlings with a small propagation capacity. To evaluate the low temperature storage conditions, Cucumis melo ‘Olympic Gold’ seedlings were grafted onto Cucurbita maxima x Cucurbita moschata ‘Tetsukabuto’ rootstock and stored for a period of 2 or 4 weeks at 9, 12, or 15 °C under 12 μmol m−2 s−1 photosynthetic photon flux (PPF). The study demonstrated that grafted seedlings could be stored at 12 °C for 4 weeks without significant dry mass accumulation or effects on post-storage growth and development. Grafted seedlings stored at 15 °C for 4 weeks had a significant increase in dry mass and stem elongation; this was not observed for the non-grafted seedlings stored under the same conditions, suggesting that the rootstock enhanced the scion growth at lower temperatures than optimal for muskmelon. Storing muskmelon seedlings at 9 °C caused chilling damage but the damage was pronounced for non-grafted seedlings than grafted seedlings. ‘Tetsukabuto’ rootstock, an interspecific squash, presumably has a chilling tolerance and increased the storability of muskmelon seedlings. Further optimization is needed but there is potential for using this technique as a tool for mass production of grafted muskmelon seedlings. 相似文献
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以耐冷性强的番茄‘060112’（R）和冷敏感番茄‘060911’（S）为试材,采用靠接法进行嫁接,形成双根双穗嫁接苗RS/RS,嫁接苗成活后,通过断根或断穗,设RS/RS、RS/R、RS/S、R/RS、R/S、R/R、S/RS、S/R、S/S共9个处理,置于光强22 klx、光周期12 h/12 h的光照培养箱内,测定昼夜温度10 ℃/3 ℃低温胁迫9 d及25 ℃/15 ℃常温恢复3 d过程中嫁接苗的冷害指数、根系活力、电解质渗透率及渗透调节物质含量,探讨番茄根系、接穗及其互作效应对嫁接苗耐冷性的影响。经统计分析表明,低温胁迫过程中,具“R”根系或接穗的嫁接苗组合中,以R/R处理冷害指数较低,而具“S”根系或接穗的嫁接苗组合中,以S/S处理的冷害指数较高,同时R/R的叶片及根系电解质渗透率最低,可溶性糖及脯氨酸含量最高,R/RS、RS/R、RS/S、S/RS等处理的冷害指数、电解质渗透率、可溶性糖及脯氨酸含量均介于R/R与S/S之间,表明冷敏感的S根系或接穗均降低了嫁接苗中R的耐冷性,而耐冷性强的R根系或接穗均提高了嫁接苗中S的耐冷性。RS/RS处理的耐冷性高于S/RS而低于R/RS,表明根系在增强嫁接苗耐冷性中的作用大于接穗;而具“RS”根或穗的嫁接苗中,以RS-R的耐冷性显著高于RS-S,且互作效应的P值小于0.01,表明根、穗对嫁接苗耐冷性存在显著的互作效应。低温胁迫处理前,不同耐冷性番茄根系活力、根系及叶片电解质渗透率、可溶性糖及脯氨酸含量等无显著差异,但低温胁迫9 d后,常温恢复3 d时,不同处理间均表现出显著差异。 相似文献
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茄子砧木品种对低温胁迫的反应 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
以常规设施栽培茄子济农2000为对照,研究茄子砧木幼苗在低温胁迫下的生理生化变化及其与抗冷性的关系。结果表明,在昼/夜温度为10℃/1℃下进行处理,处理1d时试材对低温最敏感,冷害指数、脯氨酸含量、可溶性蛋白含量等迅速增加,而根系活力、可溶性糖含量、叶绿素含量、光合速率等迅速降低。随着低温胁迫时间的延长,根系活力和叶绿素含量持续降低,渗透调节物质基本呈增加的趋势,而光合速率则在短期回升后迅速降低。通过比较发现,试材中赤茄、托鲁巴姆的抗冷性较好,耐病VF次之,台茄抗冷性较差,但仍比济农2000强。 相似文献
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黄瓜嫁接苗和自根苗的蛋白质组学研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
为了进一步探讨黄瓜嫁接苗比自根苗抗病抗逆性好、光合能力强的机理, 在塑料大棚和高温消毒基质栽培条件下, 用双向电泳(22DE) 技术和质谱(MS) 技术研究了‘黑籽南瓜’与‘津优1号’黄瓜嫁接苗和‘津优1号’黄瓜自根苗叶片的蛋白质变化。嫁接后分别于苗期、开花期和结果期测定嫁接苗和自根苗叶片的蛋白质。结果表明, 嫁接苗叶片中新产生了两类蛋白质: 能提高抗病抗逆能力的R蛋白(RGC693蛋白) 和促进萜烯类物质合成的鲨烯合酶, 能促进叶绿体合成的辅酶和提高光能利用率的捕光叶绿素a/b结合蛋白。它们的出现可以说明嫁接黄瓜的抗病抗逆能力和光合能力优于自根苗的原因。 相似文献
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用无刺托鲁巴姆和有刺托鲁巴姆嫁接杭茄1号,通过嫁接苗与自根苗果实大小、单果质量和蔗糖、果糖、还原糖、粗蛋白、维生素C、粗纤维、亚硝酸盐等果实成分含量以及过氧化物酶活性比较,结果发现,以无刺托鲁巴姆为砧木嫁接的杭茄1号果实在粗蛋白、粗纤维和过氧化物酶活性方面优于自根苗;以有刺托鲁巴姆为砧木嫁接的杭茄1号果实在果糖、还原糖、粗蛋白和过氧化物酶活性方面优于自根苗;嫁接后果实亚硝酸盐含量均显著降低。 相似文献
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