共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 672 毫秒
1.
气候变暖背景下近30a北半球植被变化研究综述 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
归一化植被指数(NDVI)目前广泛应用于全球和区域尺度植被变化研究,成为揭示气候变化的重要指标。基于NDVI变化以及NDVI提取的植被物候变化2个方面(植被生长季开始时间SOG,植被生长季结束时间EOG),对近30 a气候变暖背景下北半球植被变化的有关研究结论进行回顾总结。结果显示:1近30 a北半球植被生长季NDVI整体呈增加趋势,森林植被NDVI增长速率大于其他植被类型;20世纪90年代NDVI增加趋势较80年代显著,从21世纪初开始,出现NDVI增长速率减缓现象;2近30 a北半球SOG整体呈提前趋势,近10 a SOG提前趋势减缓;欧亚地区SOG提前趋势可能较北美显著,非洲植被物候变化规律不清晰;北半球植被物候变化表现出明显的纬度地带性,55°~65°N纬度带SOG提前趋势与45°~55°N纬度带EOG推迟趋势相对显著;3除森林退化严重外,近30 a青藏高原植被整体上以增加为主,NDVI增长趋势北部显著,中部和东部微弱,南部呈下降趋势;高原东部和藏北SOG提前趋势显著,而中部、西部和西南部有推迟现象。 相似文献
2.
1982-2006年华北植被指数时空变化特征 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用1982-2006年GIMMS/NDVI数据,研究华北近25 a来植被指数在时间和空间上的变化。结果表明:①植被指数的年内变化呈单峰型,最大值出现在夏季,其中北京市NDVI最大,森林NDVI比农田和草地NDVI大;②华北年平均NDVI呈增加趋势,河北省植被指数增加最快,北京市次之,不同土地覆盖类型中,农田NDVI增加最快,草地次之,森林最小;③空间趋势分析结果显示,华北植被指数改善的面积占整个地区面积的15.96%,退化面积占11.86%,其中,河北省改善面积最大,内蒙古退化较明显,不同土地覆盖类型中,农田植被改善最明显;④基于华北近年暖干化发展趋势下,人类活动对该区域NDVI变化起到了重要作用。 相似文献
3.
1999-2007年祁连山区植被指数时空变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于SPOTVGT-NDVI数据,结合累积平均法、均值法、趋势线分析和影像差异法,分析了祁连山地区植被时空变化。结果表明:祁连山区植被覆盖东多西少;1999年以来植被呈增加趋势,植被指数(NDVI)增速为1.1%/10a,东段增速(1.6%/10a)大于中段(1.4%/10a)和西段(0.6%/10a);NDVI年内月和旬变化曲线均呈单峰型,7～8月达到最大。7～8月雨热达到最佳,适宜植物的生长;而从10月到翌年2月祁连山草地处于枯黄期;3～4月草地处于返青期,植物生长缓慢,NDVI都较低。祁连山NDVI增加和减少的面积分别占总面积的37.39%和10.95%。植被覆盖增加的地区主要分布在高山和亚高山森林草地,东段、中段、西段NDVI最大增加量分别为0.15,0.21和0.12。植被覆盖减少的地区主要分布在河流河谷以及青海湖周边,东段、中段、西段NDVI最大减少量分别为0.19,0.28和0.17。 相似文献
4.
5.
宁夏近18年植被动态变化遥感时序分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
使用18年的PATHFINDER 8km NDVI研究了宁夏全区及4个区域的植被变化特征,结果表明:①宁夏全区植被具有明显的一年一季的季节特征,生长季为5月上旬至10月中旬,植被指数的年变幅为0.05～0.25;不同区域存在不同的季节特征,中部植被指数峰值仅为0.2,灌区植被指数最晚达到峰值;南部山区植被指数最早达到峰值,贺兰山区表现出明显的森林植被特征,NDVI变化幅度较灌区和南部山区小,冬季植被指数又较其他区域高.近18年来,全区平均生长季已延长一句,主要表现为生长季在春季提早一旬开始.②在1982-1999年,宁夏全区年平均植被指数有增加的趋势,表明宁夏全区植被基本保持稳定或略有改善,20世纪90年代相对于80年代,平均植被指数有所增加,生长季平均植被指数80年代以负距平为主,90年代以正距平为主;中部植被指数最低,贺兰山区植被指数最高.灌区、贺兰山区和南部山区的植被指数均较全区平均NDVI高,灌区、南部山区和中部均表现出与全区类似的植被增长趋势,而贺兰山区植被从1982-1988年呈增长趋势,之后呈下降趋势. 相似文献
6.
气候变化和人类活动对蒙古高原植被覆盖变化的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
基于全球监测与模型研究组（GIMMS）归一化植被指数(NDVI),对蒙古高原地区1981-2006年植被覆盖的时空变化进行了研究,并从气候变化和人类活动的角度,分析了植被覆盖变化的原因。1981-2006年蒙古高原的植被覆盖时空分布具有明显的地带性特征,森林区及荒漠区植被覆盖呈现小幅下降趋势,草原区呈现上升趋势,蒙古高原NDVI分布从东北向西南、从高原南北边缘地带向中心地带呈明显的规律性变化：高原东北部的大兴安岭地区NDVI最高,蒙古国北部的杭爱山脉次之,西南部荒漠区的NDVI最低。研究表明: 植被覆盖变化是气候变化和人类活动共同作用的结果,蒙古高原地区的降水变化是植被覆盖变化的重要原因,森林砍伐、河套耕作及城镇化等人类活动则是导致具有相似气候条件的内蒙古与蒙古国植被覆盖变化区域差异的原因。 相似文献
7.
古尔班通古特沙漠NDVI时空变化特征 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
利用NOAA/AVHRR NDVI时间序列数据,分析1981-2003年古尔班通古特沙漠不同分区NDVI时空变化的特征。结果表明:23年来,古尔班通古特沙漠NDVI整体上呈波动上升趋势。NDVI增加区域略大于减小区域,且20世纪90年代NDVI增加幅度小于80年代。沙漠不同的植被、沙地类型可能造成了NDVI年内变化特征的空间差异性。沙漠中部和西部年内NDVI最高,呈单峰型;东南部最低,呈低值型;北部植物生长季期间NDVI变化非常平缓,为平稳型。从年内尺度看,水分和热量条件对沙漠植被生长的年内变化起着重要作用。从年际尺度看,降水对NDVI年际变化影响较大,降水丰沛的年份植被茂盛,反之植被稀少、生长缓慢;气温对植被生长的影响不明显。在空间分布上NDVI具有明显的纬向水平地带性分布规律:44.7°~45.6°N NDVI较高,在0.15以上,45.6°N以北和44.7°N以南的地区NDVI较低,其值小于0.15。 相似文献
8.
近10 a来祁连山植被覆盖变化研究 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
NDVI作为植被生长状况及植被覆盖度的最佳指示因子,被认为是监测地区或全球植被和环境变化的最有效指标。基于2000-2011年250 m分辨率的MODIS NDVI数据并结合气候资料,采用最大值合成法、均值法、斜率分析法、相关分析法,研究祁连山生长季植被覆盖的时空变化及其与气候因子的相关性。结果表明：祁连山植被覆盖总体上自西向东递增,呈现东多西少的分布格局;植被覆盖变化存在明显的空间差异,表现为中西部植被覆盖增加,增加面积为79 149 km2,占祁连山总面积的52.93%;东部植被覆盖减少,减少面积为22 865 km2,占祁连山总面积的11.09%。近10 a来植被覆盖整体上呈增加趋势,生长季各月植被覆盖整体上呈增加趋势,全球气候变暖导致的降水增加是祁连山植被覆盖增加的主要原因。NDVI与气温、降水的相关性较高并存在一定的滞后性,6、7月NDVI分别与前期1月和前期2月的降水显著相关,相关系数分别为0.788和0.684;8、9月NDVI分别与当月、前期1月的气温极显著相关,相关系数分别为0.825和0.829。 相似文献
9.
基于SPOT NDVI的阿尔金山自然保护区植被动态变化研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
气候变化对陆地生态系统,特别是高寒地区植被的影响是全球变化研究的重要方面。利用1998-2008年SPOT VGT [WTBX]NDVI[WTBZ]植被指数,分析了阿尔金山[WTBX]NDVI[WTBZ]时空变化特征及其与主要气候因子(气温、降水)的相关关系。结果表明：保护区平均[WTBX]NDVI[WTBX]年内季节变化明显,[WTBX]DN[WTBZ]变化幅度在33~53,5月开始较快上升,最高值出现在9月,其多年平均值为40,总体上呈先下降后上升的趋势。从空间分布上看,[WTBX]NDVI[WTBZ]的高值主要集中在阿雅克湖流域,特别是卡尔敦检查站附近。趋势分析表明,除河流、湖泊附近的植被有所退化外,保护区内部植被总体上有所改善,气温和降水与[WTBX]NDVI[WTBZ]线性相关显著;而保护区边缘植被有不同程度的退化,人类活动或许是植被退化的诱导因素。 相似文献
10.
近20多年来西北绿洲植被指数的变化及其成因 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
利用NASA GIMMS 1982-2003年逐月的标准化植被指数NDVI数据集以及相关的气候资料,选黄河、河西内陆河以及新疆内陆河的典型绿洲为代表,分析了22年间各绿洲春、夏、秋季NDVI的变化和绿洲面积变化,比较了不同年代间NDVI的年变化特征,并研究了绿洲NDVI与气候和人类活动的关系。结果表明:①近22年来,各绿洲夏季和秋季NDVI均呈显著增加趋势,以夏季NDVI增加幅度最大。从地域上看,新疆塔里木盆地南侧绿洲和河西走廊绿洲各季NDVI增加较其他绿洲明显。②不同年代间各绿洲NDVI年变化较大,主要表现为年代间植被生长季NDVI的增加和NDVI峰值出现时间的改变。③近22年来,西北绿洲面积均呈现增加趋势,以河西走廊和新疆内陆河绿洲面积增加最为显著,黄河绿洲面积扩大趋势不太显著。④绿洲NDVI增加的主要原因为绿洲面积的扩大、种植结构的调整,气温的升高和降水量的增加,对绿洲NDVI增加有正效益,但降水量的变化对不同绿洲NDVI的驱动作用随着降水量在地域上的减少而变弱。 相似文献
11.
LIU Yifeng 《干旱区科学》2023,15(1):91-108
Under the combined influence of climate change and human activities, vegetation ecosystem has undergone profound changes. It can be seen that there are obvious differences in the evolution patterns and driving mechanisms of vegetation ecosystem in different historical periods. Therefore, it is urgent to identify and reveal the dominant factors and their contribution rates in the vegetation change cycle. Based on the data of climate elements (sunshine hours, precipitation and temperature), human activities (population intensity and GDP intensity) and other natural factors (altitude, slope and aspect), this study explored the spatial and temporal evolution patterns of vegetation NDVI in the Yellow River Basin of China from 1989 to 2019 through a residual method, a trend analysis, and a gravity center model, and quantitatively distinguished the relative actions of climate change and human activities on vegetation evolution based on Geodetector model. The results showed that the spatial distribution of vegetation NDVI in the Yellow River Basin showed a decreasing trend from southeast to northwest. During 1981-2019, the temporal variation of vegetation NDVI showed an overall increasing trend. The gravity centers of average vegetation NDVI during the study period was distributed in Zhenyuan County, Gansu Province, and the center moved northeastwards from 1981 to 2019. During 1981-2000 and 2001-2019, the proportion of vegetation restoration areas promoted by the combined action of climate change and human activities was the largest. During the study period (1981-2019), the dominant factors influencing vegetation NDVI shifted from natural factors to human activities. These results could provide decision support for the protection and restoration of vegetation ecosystem in the Yellow River Basin. 相似文献
12.
Grassland degradation is influenced by climate change and human activities, and has become a major obstacle for the development of arid and semi-arid areas, posing a series of environmental and socio-economic problems. An in-depth understanding of the inner relations among grassland vegetation dynamics, climate change, and human activities is therefore greatly significant for understanding the variation in regional environmental conditions and predicting future developmental trends. Based on MODIS (moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer) NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index) data from 2000 to 2020, our objective is to investigate the spatiotemporal changes of NDVI in the Xilin Gol grassland, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China. Combined with 12 natural factors and human activity factors in the same period, the dominant driving factors and their interactions were identified by using the geographic detector model, and multiple scenarios were also simulated to forecast the possible paths of future NDVI changes in this area. The results showed that: (1) in the past 21 a, vegetation cover in the Xilin Gol grassland exhibited an overall increasing trend, and the vegetation restoration (84.53%) area surpassed vegetation degradation area (7.43%); (2) precipitation, wind velocity, and livestock number were the dominant factors affecting NDVI (the explanatory power of these factors exceeded 0.4). The interaction between average annual wind velocity and average annual precipitation, and between average annual precipitation and livestock number greatly affected NDVI changes (the explanatory power of these factors exceeded 0.7). Moreover, the impact of climate change on NDVI was more significant than human activities; and (3) scenario analysis indicated that NDVI in the Xinlin Gol grassland increased under the scenarios of reduced wind velocity, increased precipitation, and ecological protection. In contrast, vegetation coverage restoration in this area was significantly reduced under the scenarios of unfavorable climate conditions and excessive human activities. This study provides a scientific basis for future vegetation restoration and management, ecological environmental construction, and sustainable natural resource utilization in this area. 相似文献
13.
Detecting change features of climate variables in arid/semi-arid areas is essential for understanding related climate change patterns and the driving and evolution mechanism between climate and arid/semi-arid ecosystems.This paper takes Inner Mongolia of China,a unique arid/semi-arid ecosystem,as the study area.We first detected trend features of climate variables using the linear trend analysis method and then detected their trend-shift features using the breaks for additive seasonal and trend method based on the time-series of monthly precipitation and monthly mean temperature datasets from 1962 to 2016.We analyzed the different change features of precipitation and temperature on a regional scale and in different ecological zones to discover the spatial heterogeneity of change features.The results showed that Inner Mongolia has become warmer-wetter during the past 54 years.The regional annual mean temperature increased 0.4°C per decade with a change rate of 56.2%.The regional annual precipitation increased 0.07 mm per decade with a slightly change rate of about 1.7%,but the trend was not statistically significant.The warmer trend was contributed by the same positive trend in each season,while the wetter trend was contributed by the negative trend of the summer precipitation and the positive trend of the other three seasons.The regional monthly precipitation series had a trend-shift pattern with a structural breakpoint in the year 1999,while the regional monthly mean temperature series showed an increasing trend without a periodical trend-shift.After the year 2000,the warmer-wetter trend of the climate in Inner Mongolia was accelerated.The late 20th century was a key period,because the acceleration of the wetter trend in some local zones(I and II)and the alleviation of the warmer trend in some local zones(Ⅶ,Ⅷand IX)occurred simultaneously.Moreover,the change features had a strong spatial heterogeneity,the southeastern and southwestern of Inner Mongolia went through a warmer-drier trend compared with the other areas.The spatio-temporal heterogeneity of the climate change features is a necessary background for various types of research,such as regional climate change,the evolution of arid/semi-arid ecosystems,and the interaction mechanisms between climate and arid/semi-arid ecosystems based on earth-system models in Inner Mongolia. 相似文献
14.
黑河中游植被覆盖率变化趋势及其驱动因子分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用2002~2011年的黑河干流中游归一化值被指数数据获得植被覆盖率变化趋势,选取合适的NDVI阈值将整个区域划分为"绿洲区"和"荒漠区",并分别探讨了地下水埋深、中游耗水量及累积降水量对两种区域面积和植被覆盖率变化的影响。结果表明:黑河干流中游植被覆盖率整体呈增长趋势,由2002年的32%增长到了2011年的36%,对植被覆盖率增长贡献最大的因素为绿洲区扩张,10年间绿洲区面积占比增长了10%;影响绿洲扩张的主要因素为地下水位埋深和中游耗水量,绿洲区植被覆盖率变化较小,可忽略其影响。荒漠区植被覆盖率的变化主要受累积降水量影响。利用地下水位埋深、中游耗水量、累积降水量可预测区域植被覆盖率的变化趋势,区分人类活动和气候变化对区域植被覆盖率的影响是可行的。 相似文献
15.
It is known that the exploitation of opencast coal mines has seriously damaged the environments in the semi-arid areas. Vegetation status can reliably reflect the ecological degeneration and restoration in the opencast mining areas in the semi-arid areas. Long-time series MODIS NDVI data are widely used to simulate the vegetation cover to reflect the disturbance and restoration of local ecosystems. In this study, both qualitative (linear regression method and coefficient of variation (CoV)) and quantitative (spatial buffer analysis, and change amplitude and the rate of change in the average NDVI) analyses were conducted to analyze the spatio-temporal dynamics of vegetation during 2000-2017 in Jungar Banner of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China, at the large (Jungar Banner and three mine groups) and small (three types of functional areas: opencast coal mining excavation areas, reclamation areas and natural areas) scales. The results show that the rates of change in the average NDVI in the reclamation areas (20%-60%) and opencast coal mining excavation areas (10%-20%) were considerably higher than that in the natural areas (<7%). The vegetation in the reclamation areas experienced a trend of increase (3-5 a after reclamation)-decrease (the sixth year of reclamation)-stability. The vegetation in Jungar Banner has a spatial heterogeneity under the influences of mining and reclamation activities. The ratio of vegetation improvement area to vegetation degradation area in the west, southwest and east mine groups during 2000-2017 was 8:1, 20:1 and 33:1, respectively. The regions with the high CoV of NDVI above 0.45 were mainly distributed around the opencast coal mining excavation areas, and the regions with the CoV of NDVI above 0.25 were mostly located in areas with low (28.8%) and medium-low (10.2%) vegetation cover. The average disturbance distances of mining activities on vegetation in the three mine groups (west, southwest and east) were 800, 800 and 1000 m, respectively. The greater the scale of mining, the farther the disturbance distances of mining activities on vegetation. We conclude that vegetation reclamation will certainly compensate for the negative impacts of opencast coal mining activities on vegetation. Sufficient attention should be paid to the proportional allocation of plant species (herbs and shrubs) in the reclamation areas, and the restored vegetation in these areas needs to be protected for more than 6 a. Then, as the repair time increased, the vegetation condition of the reclamation areas would exceed that of the natural areas. 相似文献
16.
Qinli XIONG 《干旱区科学》2019,11(5):637-651
Climate change and human activities can influence vegetation net primary productivity (NPP), a key component of natural ecosystems. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China, in spite of its significant natural and cultural values, is one of the most susceptible regions to climate change and human disturbancesin the world. To assess the impact of climate change and human activities on vegetation dynamics in the grassland ecosystems ofthe northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, we applied a time-series trend analysis to normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) datasets from 2000 to 2015 and compared these spatiotemporal variations with trends in climatic variables over the same time period. The constrained ordination approach (redundancy analysis) was used to determine which climatic variables or human-related factors mostly in?uenced the variation of NDVI. Furthermore, in order to determine whether current conservation measures and programs are effectivein ecological protection and reconstruction, we divided the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau into two parts: the Three-River Headwater conservation area (TRH zone) in the south and the non-conservation area (NTRH zone) in the north. The results indicatedan overall (73.32%)increasing trend of vegetation NPP in grasslands throughout the study area. During the period 2000-2015, NDVI in the TRH and NTRH zones increased at the rates of 0.0015/aand 0.0020/a, respectively.Specifically, precipitation accounted for 9.2% of the total variation in NDVI, while temperature accounted for 13.4%. In addition, variation in vegetation NPP of grasslands responded not only to long- and short-term changes in climate, as conceptualized in non-equilibrium theory, but also to the impact of human activities and their associated perturbations. The redundancy analysis successfully separated the relative contributions of climate change and human activities, of whichvillage populationand agricultural gross domestic product were the two most important contributors to the NDVI changes, explaining 17.8% and 17.1% of the total variationof NDVI (with the total contribution >30.0%), respectively. The total contributionpercentages of climate change and human activitiesto the NDVI variation were27.5% and 34.9%, respectively, inthe northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Finally, our study shows that the grassland restoration in the study area was enhanced by protection measures and programs in the TRH zone, which explained 7.6% of the total variation in NDVI. 相似文献
17.
Water resources are a crucial factor that determines the health of ecosystems and socio-economic development; however, they are under threat due to climate change and human activities. The quantitative assessment of water resources using the concept of blue water and green water can improve regional water resources management. In this study, spatiotemporal distributions of blue water and green water were simulated and analyzed under scenarios of climate change and land-use changes using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Northwest China, between 2009 and 2014. Green water, a leading component of water resources, accounted for more than 69.00% of the total water resources in Ningxia. Blue water and green water showed a single peak trend on the monthly and annual scales during the study period. On the spatial scale, the southern region of Ningxia showed higher blue water and green water resources than the northern region. The spatiotemporal distribution features of blue water, green water, and green water flow had strong correlations with precipitation. Furthermore, the simulation identified the climate change in Ningxia to be more influential on blue water and green water than land-use changes. This study provides a specific scientific foundation to manage water resources in Ningxia when encountered with climate change together with human activities. 相似文献