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1.
光合作用是棉花产量的主要物质来源。本研究以高光效陆地棉冀优861和低光效陆地棉新陆早25号为亲本组配的196个F2单株为作图群体,利用SSR(Simple Sequence Repeat)标记构建陆陆杂交遗传连锁图谱,共有30个标记位点连锁,包含4个连锁群,全长244.4cM。利用QTL IciMapping 4.1软件的完备区间作图法对冀优861×新陆早25号F2:3家系的光合相关性状进行QTL作图分析,共定位到光合相关5个性状的10个QTLs,其中1个光合速率QTL和1个胞间CO2浓度QTL分别定位在D3和D7染色体上。本研究为棉花光合相关性状QTL的精细定位及分离克隆打下基础,为聚合棉花高光效分子标记辅助育种提供理论依据。  相似文献   

2.
为了研究杂交组合(高146A×K103)的P1、P2、F1和F2 世代群体对不育系高146A早抽穗性状的遗传特点,本研究利用主基因+多基因混合遗传模型,并且采用χ2测验方法对不育基因与早抽穗控制基因间的遗传关系进行了研究。结果表明:高146A早抽穗性状表现为一数量性状,其遗传符合两对加性-显性-上位性主基因 加性-显性多基因遗传模型,以主基因作用为主,多基因的作用相对较小,其中一对主基因的加性、显性起主要作用,另一个主基因的显性和上位性效有较大作用;在F2群体中,雄性不育和早抽穗两性状共有早熟可育、早熟不育、晚熟可育和晚熟不育等四种表型,表型分离比例符合三对基因独立遗传分配规律(分离比例为39:13:9:3;χ2=3.18 <χ20.05=7.81),这些结果表明控制该雄性不育系高146A的不育和早抽穗性状的三对基因为独立遗传,无连锁关系。  相似文献   

3.
陆地棉产量相关性状的QTL定位   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
中棉所28和湘杂棉2号分别是以中棉所12×4133和中棉所12×8891配制而成的两个陆地棉强优势杂交种。以其F2为作图群体,筛选6000多对SSR引物,利用两群体间27个共有多态位点,通过JoinMap 3.0软件整合了一张包含245个多态位点、全长1847.81 cM的遗传图谱。利用Win QTLCart 2.5复合区间作图法分别对两群体8个产量相关性状在F2和F2:3中进行QTL定位,在中棉所28群体多环境平均值的联合分析中检测到16个QTL,三环境分离分析中检测到43个QTL;在湘杂棉2号群体分别检测到20个和66个QTL。在A3、D8、D9等染色体上有QTL成簇分布现象,同时在两个群体中发现一些不受环境影响且稳定遗传的QTL。对考察的8个性状在两个群体中发现12对共有QTL,控制果枝数、衣分和籽指的QTL增效基因位点均来源于共同亲本中棉所12。综合分析推测中棉所12的育种价值主要是通过提高后代的结铃性来实现的。研究结果为棉花产量性状的分子设计育种提供了有用的信息。  相似文献   

4.
烟草SRAP和ISSR分子遗传连锁图谱构建   总被引:21,自引:1,他引:20  
采用烤烟品种台烟7号与白肋烟品种白肋21杂交,构建了187个单株的F2遗传作图群体,利用所筛选的68个能扩增出多态性条带的SRAP和ISSR引物,对F2作图群体进行PCR扩增和遗传连锁分析,初步构建了一张包含26个连锁群、112个(92个SRAP和20个ISSR)标记位点的烟草遗传连锁图谱。该图谱覆盖长度为1 560.2 cM,平均图距18.1 cM。有16个标记未进入连锁群。26个连锁群包含2~20标记不等,连锁群遗传距离0~291.0 cM。连锁群上有24.1%的标记出现偏分离,主要集中在LG1和LG4连锁群上,其余分散在不同连锁群。该图谱为烟草重要农艺性状的基因定位、以及分子标记辅助选择等研究奠定基础。  相似文献   

5.
为了研究甜瓜风味相关基因的遗传定位,以高糖、哈密瓜风味品种‘皇后’和低糖、清香风味品种‘NS6’为亲本构建F2群体,通过筛选亲本间有多态性的简单重复序列(simple sequence repeats, SSR)标记,检测F2群体的个体基因型并构建甜瓜遗传图谱,对糖度和香味性状的数量性状位点(quantitative trait locus,QTL)进行定位分析。构建的遗传图谱包含8个连锁群,总长度576 cM,标记间的平均遗传距离10.97 cM。通过QTL分析、表型和基因型差异显著性检验,在LG5上发现一个与糖度性状相关的QTL (LOD=2.1),但未发现主效QTL;在LG12上发现一个与香味性状相关的主效QTL (LOD=2.9)。在LG12上设计15对SSR引物,利用7个在亲本间有多态性的标记构建LG12的遗传连锁图,进一步将香味相关基因定位于EMAGN33标记的下方,与染色体末端的物理距离为592.48 kb。本研究为甜瓜风味相关基因的定位克隆及风味品种改良提供理论依据。  相似文献   

6.
为了解不同花色的观赏向日葵杂交后代主要观赏性状的遗传规律,分别以舌状花黄色和白色的观赏向日葵为父母本进行正反交,F1自交,获得F2花色分离群体,分析2个群体后代花色及柱头色分离情况,并对株高、盘径、叶片数、舌状花瓣数、分枝数、柱头色及舌状花瓣色等7个性状进行遗传变异分析。结果表明,2个群体杂交后代F1舌状花均为黄色,F2均分离出4种花色,表明亲本黄色由多基因控制,属于数量性状和质量性状。F1的柱头均为紫色,F2分离出绿色和紫色,分离比例约为1:3,符合孟德尔遗传规律,柱头紫色是由独立等位基因控制的,属于质量性状,柱头紫色对绿色是完全显性;2个群体中超亲分离现象一致,其中分枝数和叶片数高于亲本范围,舌状花瓣数低于亲本范围,存在超亲分离现象;在中亲优势分析中,YW比WY群体中亲优势明显;F2性状相关性表现基本一致,株高与花瓣数、分枝数和叶片数,盘径与花瓣数和分枝数,花瓣数与叶片数和分枝数,分枝数与叶片数,花色与柱头色之间均呈极显著相关性。通过对不同花色杂交后代重要观赏性状的遗传规律进行探讨,为观赏向日葵的育种工作提供借鉴。  相似文献   

7.
甜菜遗传连锁图谱初步构建   总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5  
王茂芊  李博  王华忠 《作物学报》2014,40(2):222-230
以甜菜高产低糖型JV34-2和低产高糖型2B023两材料杂交, 构建了200个单株的F2作图群体, 利用所筛选出的56对SRAP引物组合和20对SSR引物, 对F2作图群体进行PCR扩增和遗传连锁分析, 初步构建了一张包含9个连锁群、141个(123个SRAP和18个SSR)标记位点的甜菜遗传连锁图谱。该图谱覆盖长度为1399.88 cM, 平均图距9.92 cM。未进入连锁群的有4个标记。9个连锁群包含3~26个标记不等, 连锁群遗传距离15.69~237.21 cM。连锁群上有20.56%的标记出现偏分离, 主要集中在Ch3连锁群上, 其余分散在Ch1、Ch2、Ch8和Ch9中。该图谱是我国甜菜领域利用SRAP和SSR相结合方法, 构建的第一个较精密的分子遗传图谱, 为重要性状的基因定位和优良基因的克隆奠定了基础。  相似文献   

8.
以陆地棉重组自交系RIL为材料,采用RIL系间随机交配的方式构建了一个含有188个组合的IF2群体。对该群体的棉花纤维品质性状表现进行了评价,并采用A、D遗传模型对其纤维品质性状的遗传效应和杂种优势进行了分析。结果表明,陆地棉IF2群体中5个纤维品质性状均呈现良好的正态分布,且各性状的表型平均值大多与F1杂交种相近,具有明显的杂种优势。显性与环境的互作效应是控制棉花纤维品质遗传的主要因素,其次是基因的加性效应,环境因素对于棉花纤维品质的杂种优势表现巨大的影响,两个环境中预测到的杂种优势值具有明显的差异。IF2群体是棉花数量性状遗传和杂种优势预测的优良研究群体。  相似文献   

9.
果实形状是园艺作物商品性的主要指标之一。明确茄子果实形状的遗传规律可为开发相关分子标记以及选育消费者喜欢的果形新品种提供依据。本研究以卵圆茄BC01和长条茄Rf为亲本,构建P1、P2、F1、F2世代遗传群体,利用主基因+多基因混合遗传模型分析方法对果实纵径、横径和果形指数进行遗传分析。结果表明,茄子果实纵径、横径和果形指数之间呈极显著相关性,F2代的果实纵径、横径和果形指数均呈双峰偏态分布。果实纵径由1对加性-显性主基因控制,遗传效应以加性效应控制为主,主基因起增效作用,在F2代的遗传率为73.41%;果实横径由2对等加性主基因控制,主基因起减效作用,在F2代的遗传率为90.99%;果形指数由1对加性主基因控制,在F2代的遗传率为81.46%。  相似文献   

10.
利用籽粒大小差异较大的2个苦荞品种的杂交后代开展了与产量具有密切关系的粒形相关性状的遗传规律及其性状间的相关性分析。结果表明,F2和F3群体的粒长、粒宽、长宽比和千粒重表现值范围都超过亲本的表现值,并且粒长、粒宽和长宽比的变异系数均小于10%,千粒重的变异系数大于10%。另外,粒长、粒宽、长宽比和千粒重的加性方差均大于显性方差,广义遗传率在F2和F3代中分别为0.77~0.82和0.82~0.85,固定遗传率都达到0.80以上。粒形性状间的相关性分析结果表明,粒长、粒宽和千粒重相互间都存在极显著的正相关,粒宽和千粒重,粒长和长宽比的遗传相关系数较大。以上结果表明,具有较高遗传率的粒形相关性状可以在后代早期进行选择,但由于这些性状是数量性状而且受多个基因的控制,因此建议继续繁殖后代到基因型稳定,同时考虑性状间的相关性选拔最为有效。  相似文献   

11.
A genetic linkage map with 70 loci (55 SSR, 12 AFLP and 3 morphological loci) was constructed using 117 F2 plants obtained from a cross between two upland cotton cultivars Yumian 1 and T586, which have relatively high levels of DNA marker polymorphism and differ remarkably in fiber-related traits. The linkage map comprised of 20 linkage groups, covering 525 cM with an average distance of 7.5 cM between two markers, or approximately 11.8% of the recombination length of the cotton genome. The present genetic linkage map was used to identify and map the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) affecting lint percentage and fiber quality traits in 117 F2:3 family lines. Sixteen QTLs for lint percentage and fiber quality traits were identified in six linkage groups by multiple interval mapping: four QTLs for lint percentage, two QTLs for fiber 2.5% span length, three QTLs for fiber length uniformity, three QTLs for fiber strength, two QTLs for fiber elongation and two QTLs for micronaire reading. The QTL controlling fiber-related traits were mainly additive, and meanwhile including dominant and overdominant. Several QTLs affecting different fiber-related traits were detected within the same chromosome region, suggesting that genes controlling fiber traits may be linked or the result of pleiotropy.  相似文献   

12.
陆地棉衣分差异群体产量及产量构成因素   总被引:14,自引:5,他引:9  
 以衣分差异较大的陆地棉品种为材料,构建了包含188个F2单株的作图群体,应用6111对SSR引物对亲本进行了分子标记筛选,结果仅获得了123个多态性位点,其中88个位点构建了总长为666.7 cM、平均距离为7.57 cM的遗传图谱,覆盖棉花基因组的14.9%。通过复合区间作图法对F2单株和F2∶3家系进行QTL检测,共鉴定出了18个控制产量及产量构成因素变异的QTLs,包括2个衣分QTLs、4个子棉产量QTLs、4个皮棉产量QTLs、2个衣指QTLs、3个单株铃数QTLs、2个铃重QTLs和1个子指QTL。 解释的表型变异分别为\{6.9%\}~16.9%、5.6%~16.2%、4.8%~15.6%、7.7%~13.3%、8.2%~11.6%、6.1%~7%和6.6%。不同QTLs在相同染色体区段上的成簇分布表明与产量性状相关的基因可能紧密连锁或一因多效。产量及产量构成因素QTLs的遗传方式主要以显性和超显性效应为主。检测到的主效QTLs可以用于棉花产量及产量构成因素的分子标记辅助选择。  相似文献   

13.
[Objective] We explored the genetic diversity of early maturity upland cotton germplasm resources in Xinjiang, China. We discovered specific germplasm resources and elite allelic variation related to fiber quality. [Method] We used 219 early maturity upland cotton accessions in our experiments and investigated 15 agronomic traits in three environments. We used a total of 128 pairs of simple sequence repeat (SSR) primers to scan for polymorphism. We then used NTsys-pc2.1 software to analyze genetic diversity, and Structure2.3.1 and Tassle5.0 software to perform association analysis of fiber quality traits based on phenotypic effect values to identify elite allele variation and conventional materials. [Result] A total of 244 loci were amplified by 128 marker pairs in 219 samples with an average of 1.91 loci per marker. The polymorphic information content ranged from 0.13 to 0.86 with an average of 0.63. The distribution range of the genetic similarity coefficient between materials in this population was 0.42-0.99 with an average of 0.61. The genetic similarity coefficient was between 0.5 and 0.7 and accounted for 90.19%. Through association analysis, we detected 11 markers that were significantly (P<0.01) associated with fiber quality traits, and discovered seven typical materials with specific allele. [Conclusion] In total, 219 Xinjiang early-maturing upland cotton germplasm resources have low genetic diversity. Based on SSR association analysis, we discovered some specific allele variations and conventional materials related to fiber quality traits.  相似文献   

14.
陆地棉主要农艺与纤维品质性状的双列杂交分 析   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0  
 本文利用加性-显性与环境互作的遗传模型(ADE模型),分析8个陆地棉亲本及其F1在不同环境下的农艺和纤维品质性状,在估算遗传方差分量、遗传效应的基础上,分析各类性状间的遗传相关性,并预测F1和F2的杂种优势,为棉花杂种优势利用和新品种选育提供了较有价值的信息。研究表明,农艺与纤维品质性状的遗传主要受加性、显性和加性与环境互作效应控制。遗传相关分析表明,皮棉产量与纤维品质性状的显性相关系数值较大,利用杂种优势在早期世代可以得到协同改良,纤维品质性状间易实现协同改良。杂种优势分析表明,F1和F2的皮棉产量均具有显著的超亲优势,纤维品质性状的杂种优势不明显。  相似文献   

15.
[Objective] We completed anassociation analysis of economic traits for upland cotton using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. We then explored the allelic variation sites to analyze the genetic basis of economically important traits, studied the genetic mechanism of Xinjiang upland cotton, and aimed to accelerate efficient breeding of upland cotton. [Method] We carried out polymorphic scanning on 156 upland cotton varieties in Xinjiang by screening 73 pairs of SSR markers encompassing the whole cotton genome. We constructed boxplot maps using R statistical computing software and graphics language and used TASSEL software to correlate yield or fiber quality traits with significant allelic variation loci. [Results] We obtained 10 allelic variation loci related to yield traits using the correlation analysis of Xinjiang upland cotton varieties from six different environments. The interpretation rate of phenotypic variation ranged from 6.69% to 9.88% with an average of 8.43%. Twenty-three allelic variation loci associated with fiber quality traits and phenotypic variation interpretation rates ranged from 3.73% to 13.22% with an average of 7.52%. The 22 detected quantitative trait loci were reported in previous studies and 10 showed the same associated traits as previously reported. [Conclusion] The population genetic structure of Xinjiang upland cotton varieties is simple, the linkage disequilibrium level is low, and the phenotypic traits show a stable trend under six environments. Using association analysis, we discovered unique allelic variation genes related to yield and fiber quality and diverse allele loci.  相似文献   

16.
利用陆地棉MAGIC群体定位产量、生育期和株高性状的QTL   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
黄聪  李晓方  李定国  林忠旭 《作物学报》2018,44(9):1320-1333
棉花的产量、生育期和株高是重要的农艺性状, 决定着棉花的经济效益和生产方式。为了研究这些性状的遗传基础, 利用8个亲本构建的包含960个株系的陆地棉MAGIC (multi-parent advanced generation inter-cross)群体和SSR标记对这些性状进行关联分析。对产量、生育期和株高共8个相关性状进行了3年3个地点共5个环境的田间试验。经过最佳线性无偏预测(BLUP)综合多环境的表型数据, 发现MAGIC群体比亲本有更丰富的表型变异。8个性状的广义遗传力(H 2)变化范围为0.17~0.71。结合284个SSR标记基因型数据, 利用混合线性模型对产量、生育期和株高相关性状进行关联分析, 分别检测到51、27和9个显著关联的位点, 这些位点都表现出微效性, 表明该陆地棉MAGIC群体在性状位点的挖掘方面具有高效性。检测到20个标记位点或区间控制多个性状, 还发现单株有效铃数、单铃皮棉重、第一果枝节位和株高存在染色体热点区域, 对多性状综合研究或单性状深入挖掘具有重要价值。本研究为后续深入利用MAGIC群体进行遗传研究提供参考, 一些表型优良的材料和关联到的位点为育种改良奠定了基础。  相似文献   

17.
Association mapping is a promising tool to identify genes for quantitative traits. A total of 172 upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) accessions were assessed. The panel was phenotyped for four major early‐maturating traits across multiple environments and genotyped using 331 polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. The gene diversity of the 331 markers averaged 0.40 (range: 0.04–0.78), and the polymorphism information content (PIC) averaged 0.34 (range: 0.04–0.75). Thirty‐nine significant markers related to early‐maturating traits were simultaneously detected in at least two environments. Among the 39 markers, 11 for seed period (SP), seven for bud period (BP), six for flower and boll period (FBP), and 15 for growth period (GP). These markers were stable and could be used for marker‐assisted selection (MAS). Favourable alleles for SP, BP, FBP and GP were explored. These alleles can be directly used in MAS to improve cotton early maturity. This study lays the foundation for analysing the genetic mechanisms underlying early maturity, as well as the use of MAS to target traits in cotton.  相似文献   

18.
An SSR-based molecular genetic map of cassava   总被引:7,自引:2,他引:7  
E. Okogbenin  J. Marin  M. Fregene 《Euphytica》2006,147(3):433-440
Summary Microsatellites or simple sequence repeats (SSR) are the markers of choice for molecular genetic mapping and marker-assisted selection in many crop species. A microsatellite-based linkage map of cassava was drawn using SSR markers and a F2 population consisting of 268 individuals. The F2 population was derived from selfing the genotype K150, an early yielding genotype from an F1 progeny from a cross between two non-inbred elite cassava varieties, TMS 30572 and CM 2177-2 from IITA and CIAT respectively. A set of 472 SSR markers, previously developed from cassava genomic and cDNA libraries, were screened for polymorphism in K150 and its parents TMS 30572 and CM 2177-2. One hundred and twenty two polymorphic SSR markers were identified and utilized for linkage analysis. The map has 100 markers spanning 1236.7 cM, distributed on 22 linkage groups with an average marker distance of 17.92 cM. Marker density across the genome was uniform. This is the first SSR based linkage map of cassava and represents an important step towards quantitative trait loci mapping and genetic analysis of complex traits in M. esculenta species in national research program and other institutes with minimal laboratory facilities. SSR markers reduce the time and cost of mapping quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling traits of agronomic interest, and are of potential use for marker-assisted selection (MAS).  相似文献   

19.
ET-ISJ标记的开发及陆地棉遗传图谱构建   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
根据植物结构基因外显子拼接位点的保守序列,设计扩增外显子的ET-ISJ (exon targeted intron-exon splice junction)标记引物。利用1 280对ET-ISJ引物组合,在陆地棉品种渝棉1号和T586中,筛选获得69对多态性引物组合,占引物组合的5.4%。用多态性ET-ISJ引物组合检测(渝棉1号×T586)F2:7重组近交系群体,得到70个位点。以70个ET-ISJ标记位点与523个SSR、59个IT-ISJ、29个SRAP和8个形态标记进行连锁分析,构建的遗传连锁图谱包括59个连锁群和673个位点(68个ET-ISJ、510个SSR、58个IT-ISJ、29个SRAP和8个形态标记)。连锁图覆盖3 216.7 cM,占棉花基因组的72.3%,标记间平均长度为4.8 cM。68个ET-ISJ标记分布于20条染色体。研究表明ET-ISJ标记多态性较高、稳定性好,可有效用于棉花与其他植物遗传连锁图谱构建。  相似文献   

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