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竹蝉在浙江省为6a1代，若虫于地下吸食竹子鞭、根的汁液以卵在竹上枯枝中和各龄若虫在土下越冬，成虫发生在6月底，7月初到9月上中旬，刺吸竹、树树汁液为补充营养，有扑灯、鸣叫习性；7－8月在竹上已死2－3年的枯竹枝上产卵，每产卵孔中有卵12－21粒，卵于下年7月上旬孵化。若虫5龄，生活于土下5－40cm深的竹鞭两侧，每穴1虫，虫穴与地面有垂直的通气孔；若虫性好斗，两虫相遇，常争斗致伤或致死。天敌较多，重要的有竹蝉卵旋小蜂，38．3％－41．4％的产卵孔中发现有旋小蜂的幼蜂，1头幼蜂可食竹蝉卵2－4粒。竹蝉履甲取食若虫，挖掘500余头老熟若虫于室内饲养，若虫被食率28．71％－32．58％。蝉花菌也寄生若虫，经5a调查，寄生率为32．5％－37．8％。防治竹蝉可采取加强竹林管理、挂枝诱成虫产卵、灯诱成虫及人工捕捉等措施。 相似文献
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为筛选异色瓢虫的适宜饲料,观察比较了菜缢管蚜、麦蛾卵和人工饲料对异色瓢虫生长发育的影响。结果显示:菜缢管蚜饲养的异色瓢虫发育最快,世代历期为25.3d,产卵前期为11.0d,平均单雌产卵量为929.3粒;麦蛾卵饲养的世代历期为39.5d,产卵前期为18.2d,平均单雌产卵量为391.9粒;人工饲料饲养的世代历期为44.9d,产卵前期为17.2d,平均单雌产卵量为262.3粒。由此表明,菜缢管蚜的饲养效果最好,麦蛾卵和人工饲料虽能满足异色瓢虫世代营养的需求,但发育历期明显延长、产卵量明显下降。因此,在天然食物蚜虫不足时,麦蛾卵和人工饲料可作为补充饲料。 相似文献
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通过对山楂红蜘蛛生活史、繁殖世代及历经天数、繁殖高峰、卵孵化率的调查研究，得出６月下旬为繁殖高峰期，世代重叠发生，产卵粒数多，且孵化率高。根据调查结果，可抓住关键进行防治。 相似文献
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蚱蝉Ｃｒｙｐｔｏｔｙｍｐａｎａ ａｔｒａｔａ（Ｆａｂｒｉｃｉｕｓ）分布于山西，福建等省，危害杨，柳，苹果和梨等多种树种。在山西省运城地区４年发生１代，产卵量５００－７００粒，卵孵化率为４５％，孵化期从７月上旬开始，中旬达高峰。成虫７月下旬羽化出土，羽化高峰在７月下旬至８月上旬。卵产于嫩树枝下，若虫穴居于土壤０．３－８０ｃｍ处，吸食根汁液，历期１１２７天。 相似文献
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１９８７～１９９２年连续６年研究结果表明，白跗平腹小蜂Ａｎａｓｔａｔｕｓａｌｂｉｔａｒｓｉｓ对马尾松毛虫Ｄｅｎｄｒｏｌｉｍｕｓｐｕｎｃｔａｔｕｓ、柳杉毛虫Ｄｅｎｄｒｏｌｉｍｕｓｌａｔｉｐｅｎｎｉｓ、水青蛾Ａｃｔｉａｓｓｅｔｅｎｅｎｉｎｇｐｏａｎａ等１３种主要森林害虫卵有较明显的抑制作用。在林间，该蜂对马尾松毛虫第１、２代卵的自然抑制力分别力１６．５５％和２２．２９％，对柳杉毛虫越冬代卵的自然抑制力为２３．４５％；对水青蛾第１、２代卵的抑制力分别力５．４９％和２．６３％；在林间，人为释放白跗平腹小蜂对第１代马尾松毛虫卵的校正抑制力为３３．５％，在室内１２．３～２８℃范围内，每头雌峰对马尾松毛虫、水青蛾和柞蚕剖腹卵的日破坏数（寄生数）分别力１５、１８和２６粒，一生破坏数分别为５６、９１和２０８粒。即使虫卵即将孵化，该峰同样亦能寄生，并羽化出正常的子代白跗平腹小蜂。 相似文献
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转管繁育提高管氏肿腿蜂产卵量的试验研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
利用管氏肿腿蜂在寄生过程中的产卵特性，选用不同的蜂虫比进行转管繁蜂（不转管作对照）试验。结果表明，经转管的种蜂所产的卵均能正常发育成子代蜂。繁蜂量比不转管增加4－5倍。 相似文献
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[目的]黄杨斑蛾田猎姬蜂是园林主要害虫大叶黄杨斑蛾预蛹和蛹期的专性外寄生蜂，寄生率高，控害效果突出。为充分发挥该蜂的生物防治潜能，填补国内外有关该蜂个体发育特征及生殖特性的空白从而开展本研究。[方法]以河南新纪录种黄杨斑蛾田猎姬蜂为对象，通过野外采集，结合室内恒温饲养和观察，对其个体发育过程、生殖系统构造及生殖行为进行系统研究。[结果]该蜂完成胚胎发育需48～50 h，幼虫有4个虫龄，预蛹和蛹期经历形态剧烈变化和色素的沉积，成虫具明显的性二型现象，一个世代历经23～27 d。雌蜂卵巢管9～11根，属多滋式，雄蜂1对精巢融合，输精管细长。雄蜂通过扇翅和触角拍打进行求偶，由雄蜂主导交配行为，雄蜂可交配多次，而雌蜂一生只交配1次，该蜂日产卵量可达7粒，一生可产20粒卵，存在过寄生行为。[结论]黄杨斑蛾田猎姬蜂为大卵型、卵育型外寄生蜂，寄生能力较强，具有保护和利用价值。这些基本生物学特性研究可为更好地保护和发挥黄杨斑蛾田猎姬蜂对大叶黄杨斑蛾的控害潜能奠定基础。 相似文献
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经解剖观察管氏肿腿蜂雌性生殖系统,得知其内部生殖系统由卵巢、侧输卵管、中输卵管、受精囊、毒囊及毒腺等组成;卵巢由左右两部分卵巢管组成,卵巢管总数为6～8条,单侧的卵巢管数为3～4条,两侧存在不对称现象;毒囊多呈葫芦状,中部缢缩处附着1对上端分支毒腺,分支数为1～7条不等.外生殖器由载瓣片、产卵瓣、产卵瓣鞘和已经特化为毒针的1对内产卵瓣等组成,相互呈嵌套结构.研究雌性生殖系统的形态结构,尤其是毒囊、毒腺等,对了解其寄生机理具有重要价值,且可为确定人工扩繁的商品蜂有效保藏期提供参考依据. 相似文献
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To evaluate the relationship between reproductive potential and body size of Dastarcus helophoroides Faimaire (synonym Dastarcus longulus Sharp), 17 adult females obtained under outdoor conditions were dissected individually to count the ovarioles and determine the mean size of mature eggs in ovarioles and oviducts following the measurements of fresh body weight, body length, maximum body width, maximum width of prothorax, and elytral length. Each female had two ovaries. The number of ovarioles per female varied from 36 to 154 depending on maternal body length. However, the mean length and width of mature eggs were independent of body length. There were no differences in any body-size traits and allometry between the sexes. 相似文献
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Ei’ichi Shibata 《Journal of Forest Research》2002,7(2):117-120
I examined the adult potential fecundity of the bamboo gall maker,Aiolomorphus rhopaloides Walker (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), and its inquiline,Diomorus aiolomorphi Kamijo (Hymenoptera: Torymidae) by dissection just after emergence, and at death after rearing. Emerging females ofA. rhopaloides hadca. 80 mature eggs in their ovaries. The number of eggs at emergence and after death at rearing was not significantly different.
However, emerging females ofD. aiolomorphi had no eggs in their ovaries but hadca 20 eggs at death after rearing. These results suggest thatA. rhopaloides is pro-ovigenic andD. aiolomorphi is synovigenic. Female body sizes of both species were positively correlated with the size of galls from which each emerged.
Number of eggs in each species was also correlated with female body size, suggesting that gall size might be a good predictor
of potential fecundity.
This study was supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid for scientific Research (No. 11460068) from the Ministry of Education,
Science, Sports, and Culture, Japan. 相似文献
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三种金龟子生活习性的观察方惠兰，童普元，廉月琰（浙江省林业科学研究所杭州３１００２３）关键词毛黄鳃金龟Ｈｏｌｏｔｒｉｃｈｉａ ｔｒｉｃｈｏｐｈｏｒａ Ｆａｉｒｍａｉｒｓ，中啄丽金龟Ａｄｏｒｅｔｕｓ ｓｉｎｉｃｕｓ Ｂｕｒｍｅｉｓｔｅｒ，桐黑异丽金龟Ａ... 相似文献
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木瓜榕雌雄异株,种群内一年四季均挂有果实,果量雌多雄少,其中雌树有2次显著的挂果高峰,占了全年挂果量的80％;雄树挂果多集中在10月至下一年的3月份。木瓜榕隐头花果发育进程中,在间花期雌雄果明显分异,雄果发育期长,74％的隐头果能正常成熟;雌果完成生活周期所需时间短,发育中落果率较高,仅22％的隐头果能成功生产种子。木瓜榕隐头果还受5种非传粉小蜂的作用,它们寄生于传粉小蜂或者与之竞争资源,进而影响到寄主木瓜榕的传粉授精和种子生产。 相似文献
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运用8种聚集度指标对山楂叶螨卵在桃树上的空间分布型进行了研究,所有的指标都表明,山楂叶螨卵的空间分布型呈聚集分布,分布的基本成份是个体群,通过方差分析,山楂叶螨卵在桃树树冠的上、中、下3个层的分布数量差异都不显著. 相似文献
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G. J. Stathas P. A. Eliopoulos D. C. Kontodimas D. Th. Siamos 《Journal of pest science》2002,75(4):105-109
The external and internal morphological characteristics of the predator Rhyzobius lophanthae Blaisdell (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) were studied. The head, antenna, thorax elytra, hind wings, legs and abdomen are described. The adult has an average length of about 2.5?mm and width of 1.8?mm. The flagellum of the antenna consists of 9 segments. The whole surface of thorax and elytra is covered by setae. The tarsus of the 3 legs is 3-segmented. An external morphological difference between male and female is the outline of the 5th sternite. The alimentary canal, the central nervous system, and the reproductive system of both male and female are also described. The testes consist of 10 follicles and the ovaries of 10 ovarioles. The life cycle of R. lophanthae was studied by rearing the predator on the diaspidid Chrysomphalus aonidum (Linnaeus). The duration of the development of the embryo, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th larval instars, pupa and preoviposition period of adults were measured at 15, 20, 25 and 30?°C. 相似文献
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[目的]青斑蝶是重要的观赏性昆虫,准确掌握和了解其内生殖器官结构和发育状态,能够为其人工培育和利用提供理论依据。[方法]通过对1 12日龄青斑蝶雌成虫内生殖系统解剖,观察内生殖器官结构组成,并测定内生殖器官特征参数,同时根据内生殖器官各组成部分特征对雌性卵巢发育进行分级,从而系统了解青斑蝶雌成虫内生殖器官形态与发育。[结果]1)雌性青斑蝶的内生殖器官由1对卵巢、1对侧输卵管、1根中输卵管、交配囊腺和受精囊组成;2)内生殖器官发育显著受到日龄影响,卵巢管长度随着日龄增长而显著生长,至10日龄最长,卵巢小管和侧输卵管直径随日龄增长而缓慢增大;3)随着日龄的增长,卵巢中成熟卵的数量先增大后减小,未成熟卵数量始终缓慢增加;4)根据卵巢的发育特征,将卵巢发育分为乳白透明期、卵黄沉积期、成熟待产期、产卵盛期、产卵末期。[结论]雌性青斑蝶内生殖器官结构组成与其它蝴蝶类似,其发育均显著受到日龄影响,卵子发育随日龄增长而逐渐成熟。雌性青斑蝶卵巢分级将为人为调控雌蝶产卵量提供理论指导。 相似文献
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Cem Ozkan 《Journal of pest science》2007,80(2):79-83
Laboratory experiments investigated the effect of host instar, light and food on the number of mature eggs in ovaries (egg
load) of the synovigenic parasitoid Venturia canescens (Grav.) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). The wasps that developed from third or fifth instar larvae of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) were exposed to food (honey) or had no food, had access to water or not, and were reared
at the photoperiod 16:8 h light:dark or in continuous darkness at 25 ± 1°C, and 60–70% relative humidity. After death, the
parasitoids were dissected to remove the reproductive systems, and mature eggs in ovaries were counted. A three-way ANOVA
for egg number with host instar, food and light as factors revealed that egg load varied significantly. In addition, some
interactions among the three factors were also found to be significant. The maximum average number (215.80 ± 8.51) of mature
eggs was found when the parasitoids developed from third instar larvae, were exposed to continuous darkness and fed with honey.
In conclusion, host instar, food supplement and photoperiod could have potential for improving biological control efficacy
in stores. However, further studies determining the effect of these factors on egg laying behavior and fecundity should be
done. 相似文献