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1.
鲁中丘陵山区花生5000kg／hm^2优化栽培模型研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用五元二次正交旋转组合设计,研究了鲁中丘陵山区春播地膜覆盖花生种植密度、有机肥、氮、磷、钾肥施用量优化模型,获得期望目标５０００ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２以上的配套措施为：密度１３５０００￣１５００００穴／ｈｍ＾２;施用有机肥４５０００￣７５０００ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２,尿素１１２．５￣１８７．５ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２,过磷酸钙３７５￣４５０ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２,硫酸钾１８０￣３００ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２。 相似文献
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花生绿色食品栽培技术研究 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9
根据绿色食品和特点和生产要求，遵循Ａ级和ＡＡ级绿色食品栽培的肥料和农药施用准则，研究花生绿色食品的栽培技术，主要包括选择生产条件、选用优质抗病品种、施肥、防治病虫病虫草害以及调控生长技术等。５县市９个单位和企业推广应用配套技术，发展花生绿色食品种植面积２００００ｈｍ＾２，平均产量５２５０ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２，其中高产田３０６．５ｈｍ＾２，平均产量７８８３．１８ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２，获得中华人民共和国农业部绿色食品发展中心颁发的绿色食品证书。 相似文献
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四川盆地杂交玉米单作密肥措施研究 总被引：23，自引：1，他引：22
试验采用二次回归正交旋转组合设计,对四川盆地杂交玉米单作栽培的４项密肥措施,即密度、氦肥、氮肥、磷肥、钾肥４因素进行研究。结果表明,密度对玉米产量影响最大;与马之间存在着显著的互作效应;产量〉６５００ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２的优化栽培措施为：种植密度为５５２２２．５￣５６９２５．０株／ｈｍ＾２,施尿素５３９．１￣６０８．６ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２,施磷肥,施钾肥为２７３．７￣３０５．４ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２。 相似文献
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坚尼草高级品比试验报告 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
经过６ａ中，高级品比试验，结果表明：ＣＩＡＴ６１７２的年干物质产量和年粗蛋白产量均居首位，分别为１６２７８ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２和１０４５ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２比对照种分别增产４２％和３４．５％，ＣＩＡＴ６９０１的年干物质和年粗蛋白产量均居第二位，分别为１４７８９ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２和９８７ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２，比对照种分别增产２９％和２７％。 相似文献
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水肥充足的黑土地上紧型高粱杂交种内杂５号的最高产量为１０９８３ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２（密度１０５０００ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２）。普通型高粱杂交种哲杂２０号最高产量为１０３６８ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２（密度为８２５００株／ｈｍ＾２）；而干旱瘠薄的白五花土地上内杂５号的最高产量为７６５３ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２（密度１０５０００株／ｈｍ＾２），哲杂２０号的最高产量为８４１８ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２（密度８２５００株／ｈｍ＾２）。高粱的叶角与下叶自 相似文献
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在豫东平原夏花生增产潜力很大，１９９２－１９９４年在丘县沈楼村连续３年１０ｈｍ＾２以上获得平均５２６９．５、５３２１．４、５３２９．５ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２的英果产量。本文重点阐述了利用豫花６号实现５２５０ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２英果产量的形态生理指标及栽培技术。 相似文献
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笔者于１９９９年１０月５～２９日 ,到内蒙古察右前旗的呼和乌素、土贵乌拉、新风、礼拜寺４个乡１７个自然村２０家甜菜种植户进行了测产调查、走访座谈 ,面积约为５３ｈｍ２,其结果显示 ,凡种甜菜施用钾肥的农户 ,即增产增收 ,增产幅度多数在３０%以上 ,平均０．５ｋｇ钾肥可提高甜菜根产量５０ｋｇ,其投入产出比为１：１２,效益十分可观。部分农民已充分认识到 ,要使甜菜产量高 ,施钾肥很重要。呼和乌素乡大庙村的周明火 ,种甜菜２ｈｍ２ ,平均公顷施钾肥５２．５ｋｇ,旱地甜菜平均单产达５４ｔ／ｈｍ２。另外有一块对比试验田 ,０．０… 相似文献
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大豆施用粉煤灰磁化肥增产肥效研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
粉煤灰磁化肥在大豆上试验表蝗：粉煤灰磁化肥在大豆上一般用量为４９ｋｇ／６６７ｍ＾２左右。粉煤灰磁化肥比对照增产２５．９％,增产２３．７ｋｇ／６６７ｍ＾２,比当地农民习惯施肥措施增产１５．２％,增产１５．２ｋｇ／６６７ｍ＾２;比等量Ｎ,Ｐ,Ｋ混合肥增产４．５％,增产４．９ｋｇ／６６７ｍ＾２,比未磁化粉煤灰复混肥增产２．４％,增产２．８ｋｇ／６６７ｍ＾２。最高产量施用粉煤灰磁化肥为６６．４ｋｇ／６６７ｍ＾２。大豆产量为１３．０３ｋｇ／６６７ｍ＾２;最佳产量施用粉煤灰磁化肥为４９ｋｇ／６６７ｍ＾２,大豆产量为１２７．１８ｋｇ／６６７ｍ＾２。 相似文献
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Joseph E. Laferriere Charles W. Weber Edwin A. Kohlhepp 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1991,41(3):277-282
Teas of plant origin traditionally consumed by the Mountain Pima of Chihuahua, Mexico, were analyzed for mineral nutritional content. Fe, Cu, Zn, Ca, and Mg composition was determined for native teas made from shoots ofTagetes lucida, T. filifolia, Elytraria imbricata, andHolodiscus dumosus, and from root xylem ofCeanothus depressus andPhaseolus ritensis. Native uses of these teas are also described. 相似文献
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Lakshman Lal 《Potato Research》1987,30(2):329-334
Summary The effects of the leaves of five plant species, one from each of the generaAmbrosia, Anemone, Eupatorium, Eucalyptus andLantana, on potato tuber moth were investigated under indigenous storage conditions at the Central Potato Research Station, Shillong
(1800 m above sea level). Their action was compared with that of a biological insecticide (spores ofBacillus thuringiensis), a chemical insecticide (carbaryl), and an untreated control. The data collected after six months storage on tuber damage,
sprout damage and the rotting indicated that the leaves ofLantana aculeata provided most protection to the tubers, reducing damage from over 70% in the check to below 5%, and sprout damage from over
45% to below 3%. Next best wasEucalyptus globulus followed byB. thuringiensis. They may be used on tubers stored for table use or for seed as they had no adverse effect on germination or on the yield
of a subsequent crop. 相似文献
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《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(2):81-114
Summary The efficiency of N fertilizers is usually poor; often less than 50% of the applied N is taken up by the crop. This review focuses on various N fertilizers with respect to the significance of different N loss pathways, namely (i) ammonia volatilization, (ii) dinitrogen and nitrogen oxide emissions, and (iii) nitrate leaching. Further, the significance of biological N immobilization, ammonium fixation and, finally, the impact of nitrate vs. ammonium uptake on crop yield are also discussed. The reviewed literature shows that N fertilizers may differ markedly in their susceptibility to losses. There is, however, considerable scope to improve N efficiency of each N source by proper N management practices. 相似文献
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Tatiana G. Polotow Sandra C. Poppe Cristina V. Vardaris Douglas Ganini Maísa Guariroba Rita Mattei Elaine Hatanaka Maria F. Martins Eduardo F. Bondan Marcelo P. Barros 《Marine drugs》2015,13(10):6117-6137
Health authorities worldwide have consistently recommended the regular consumption of marine fishes and seafood to preserve memory, sustain cognitive functions, and prevent neurodegenerative processes in humans. Shrimp, crabs, lobster, and salmon are of particular interest in the human diet due to their substantial provision of omega-3 fatty acids (n-3/PUFAs) and the antioxidant carotenoid astaxanthin (ASTA). However, the optimal ratio between these nutraceuticals in natural sources is apparently the key factor for maximum protection against most neuro-motor disorders. Therefore, we aimed here to investigate the effects of a long-term supplementation with (n-3)/PUFAs-rich fish oil, ASTA-rich algal biomass, the combination of them, or krill oil (a natural combination of both nutrients) on baseline redox balance and neuro-inflammation indexes in cerebellum and motor cortex of Wistar rats. Significant changes in redox metabolism were only observed upon ASTA supplementation, which reinforce its antioxidant properties with a putative mitochondrial-centered action in rat brain. Krill oil imposed mild astrocyte activation in motor cortex of Wistar rats, although no redox or inflammatory index was concomitantly altered. In summary, there is no experimental evidence that krill oil, fish oil, oralgal biomass (minor variation), drastically change the baseline oxidative conditions or the neuro-inflammatory scenario in neuromotor-associated rat brain regions. 相似文献
17.
Youna Hemery Ulla Holopainen Anna-Maija Lampi Pekka Lehtinen Tanja Nurmi Vieno Piironen Minnamari Edelmann Xavier Rouau 《Journal of Cereal Science》2011
Wheat bran is a composite material made of several layers, such as pericarp, testa and aleurone. It could be fractionated into purified fractions, which might either be used as food ingredients, or serve as a starting material for extraction of bioactive compounds. The aim of this work was to evaluate the potential of using electrostatic separation as a way to obtain purified fractions from wheat bran. Ultrafine-ground bran obtained either by cryogenic grinding or by grinding at ambient temperature was used as starting material. The ultrafine bran was then charged by tribo-electrification and introduced in a chamber containing two high voltage electrodes, where bran particles were separated depending on their acquired charge, allowing positively and negatively charged fractions to be collected separately. The particle size distribution, microstructure and biochemical composition of the obtained fractions were studied. The charge of the particles was influenced by their biochemical composition: particles rich in highly branched and cross-linked arabinoxylans (pericarp) were separated from particles rich in β-glucan, ferulic acid and para-coumaric acid (aleurone cell walls). The testa and the intracellular compounds from aleurone were not highly charged, neither positively nor negatively. The most positively charged fraction represented 34% of the initial bran, and contained 62% of the ferulic acid present in the initial bran. The yield of the separation process was good (5.4% loss), and could be further increased. 相似文献
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M. I. Siri P. Villanueva M. J. Pianzzola L. Franco Fraguas G. Galván M. Acosta F. Ferreira 《Potato Research》2004,47(3-4):127-138
Summary The in vitro antimicrobial activity of extracts from accessions ofSolanum commersonii Dun. collected in the south of Uruguay was investigated against five microorganisms including the pathogenRalstonia solanacearum. A total of 30 extracts corresponding to organic and aqueous extracts were studied. Interestingly, most of the positive results
for growth inhibition were againstR. solanacearum. The extracts were also analyzed for the presence of glycoalkaloids and lectins. Six of the ten aqueous extracts showed lectin
presence and a wide variation in the type and amounts of glycoalkaloids, was found. Results indicate that there is no clear
relationship between the antimicrobial activity against the five microorganisms screened and the presence or amounts of lectins
and glycoalkaloids, traditionally regarded as possible antimicrobial metabolites in theSolanum genus, which indicates the presence of as yet unidentified antimicrobial compounds. 相似文献
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Tovar LR Olivos M Gutierrez ME 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2008,63(4):189-194
Pulque is made by fermenting the agave sap or aguamiel of Agave atrovirens with a whole array of microorganisms present in the environment including several lactic acid bacteria and yeasts such as
Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Ascorbic acid was determined in pulque and aguamiel, respectively. Phytase activity in lees, liquid and freeze-dried pulque was assayed by measuring the appearance of phosphate from phytate by a colorimetric method likewise phosphate from phytate
present in fresh corn tortilla was measured after in vitro incubation with pulque. Iron, zinc, calcium, magnesium and selenium contents were measured in pulque and corn tortilla as well as in nixtamalized corn flour (NCF), the latter is used to make instant tortilla, since corn provides
most of the energy as well as most of the phytate in the Mexican rural diet. Pulque showed phytase activity but much less ascorbic acid and iron than previously reported; additionally, phytase in pulque hydrolyzed most of phytate’s corn tortilla. Lees, which is mostly made of pulque’s microbiota, significantly accumulated iron and zinc but no selenium. NCF was fortified with iron by the manufacturers but
poorly blended. There were significant differences on selenium content between tortillas samples, apparently some soils in
central Mexico are selenium deficient. Moderate pulque intake appears to increase the bioavailability of iron and zinc bound by phytate in corn. 相似文献
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Novel food and non-food uses for sorghum and millets 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：4
Sorghum and millets have considerable potential in foods and beverages. As they are gluten-free they are suitable for coeliacs. Sorghum is also a potentially important source of nutraceuticals such antioxidant phenolics and cholesterol-lowering waxes. Cakes, cookies, pasta, a parboiled rice-like product and snack foods have been successfully produced from sorghum and, in some cases, millets. Wheat-free sorghum or millet bread remains the main challenge. Additives such as native and pre-gelatinised starches, hydrocolloids, fat, egg and rye pentosans improve bread quality. However, specific volumes are lower than those for wheat bread or gluten-free breads based on pure starches, and in many cases, breads tend to stale faster. Lager and stout beers with sorghum are brewed commercially. Sorghum's high-starch gelatinisation temperature and low beta-amylase activity remain problems with regard to complete substitution of barley malt with sorghum malt . The role of the sorghum endosperm matrix protein and cell wall components in limiting extract is a research focus. Brewing with millets is still at an experimental stage. Sorghum could be important for bioethanol and other bio-industrial products. Bioethanol research has focused on improving the economics of the process through cultivar selection, method development for low-quality grain and pre-processing to recover valuable by-products. Potential by-products such as the kafirin prolamin proteins and the pericarp wax have potential as bioplastic films and coatings for foods, primarily due to their hydrophobicity. 相似文献