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1.
将头孢噻呋混悬剂以高、中、低(10、52、.5 mg/kg)3个剂量组,分别肌肉注射治疗仔猪黄白痢,每24 h用药1次,连用3次,同时设对照组。结果表明,头孢噻呋混悬剂3个剂量组和头孢噻呋钠注射液对照组对仔猪黄白痢均有明显的治疗效果,成活率可达80%~100%,极显著的高于感染对照组(P<0.01)。头孢噻呋混悬剂中、高剂量组成活率显著高于头孢噻呋混悬剂低剂量组及头孢噻呋钠注射液组(P<0.01)。表明头孢噻呋混悬剂能减少大肠埃希菌人工感染引起的临床症状,降低病死率。作为注射剂治疗仔猪黄白痢,剂量以5 mg/kg~10 mg/kg为佳。  相似文献   

2.
将硫酸头孢喹肟注射液分为高、中、低(4、2、1mg/kg体重)3个剂量组分别肌肉注射治疗仔猪传染性胸膜肺炎,同时设头孢噻呋冻干粉对照组,按3 mg/kg体重给药,一日一次,连用3天。结果表明,硫酸头孢喹肟注射液3个剂量组和阳性对照组(头孢噻呋冻干粉对照组)对仔猪传染性胸膜肺炎均有明显的治疗效果,有效率及相对增重率显著高于阴性对照组(P＜0.01);硫酸头孢喹肟注射液高、中剂量组的有效率及相对增重率显著高于硫酸头孢喹肟注射液低剂量组和阳性对照组((P＜0.01)。人工感染治疗试验结果表明硫酸头孢喹肟注射液按每1kg体重2mg肌注,一日一次,连用3天,对仔猪传染性胸膜肺炎有良好的治疗效果。  相似文献   

3.
为评价头孢噻呋混悬剂对猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌病的疗效,本试验通过小鼠人工感染猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌建模,用不同剂量的头孢噻呋混悬剂(2、5、10mg/kg)进行临床疗效试验,并用头孢噻呋钠注射剂作为对照,结果5mg/kg和10mg/kg组治愈率均为100%,且头孢噻呋混悬剂较头孢噻呋注射剂效果更佳。因此,头孢噻呋混悬剂以5mg/kg剂量治疗小鼠放线杆菌病效果显著。  相似文献   

4.
摘要：本试验将替米考星注射剂以高、中、低（15mg/kg、 10mg/kg、5mg/kg体重）三个剂量, 1次/d和头孢唑林钠以25mg/kg体重, 2次/d,皮下注射治疗猪传染性胸膜肺炎,均连用3d,停药。结果表明,替米考星注射剂三个剂量组和头孢唑林钠对照组对猪传染性胸膜肺炎均有明显的治疗效果,成活率可达70%-100%,极显著的高于感染对照组（P<0.01）。尤其是替米考星低剂量组成活率显著高于替米考星高、中剂量组及头孢唑林钠组 (P<0.01)。增重效果统计结果表明,替米考星高、中、低三个剂量组与药物对照组及健康对照组之间增重效果无明显差异 (P>0.05)。本试验表明,替米考星能减少人工感染引起的临床症状、降低死亡率和提高日增重。作为注射剂治疗急性猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌感染,以剂量（5mg/kg体重）为佳。 关键词：替米考星,头孢唑林钠,仔猪,胸膜肺炎放线杆菌  相似文献   

5.
作者研究了头孢噻呋混悬液和头孢噻呋钠对人工诱发猪大肠杆菌病的疗效.对人工诱导发病的35日龄仔猪分别肌注头孢噻呋混悬液和头孢噻呋钠冻干粉(每种药设3和5 mg/kg2个剂量组),分别在第0、12、48、72 h给药,3 d共给药4次.同时设氨苄西林混悬注射液、Tinknium注射液以及健康和感染对照组.用药14 d后结果表明,头孢噻呋组有效率、治愈率及增重相对比显著高于氨苄西林和Tinknium组,头孢噻呋混悬液和头孢噻呋钠各剂量组之间死亡率、有效率、治愈率和增重相对比差异不显著.头孢噻呋混悬液和头孢噻呋钠冻干粉以3 mg/kg 3 d给药4次的治疗方案是可行的.  相似文献   

6.
为验证增效硫酸头孢喹肟对仔猪黄白痢的临床疗效,选用自然感染黄白痢患病仔猪为试验对象,以头孢噻呋钠的疗效为对照.结果显示,硫酸头孢喹肟高、中、低剂量组对仔猪黄白痢的治愈率分别为93.3％、90.0％、0％,总有效率分别为100％、100％和6.7％;头孢噻呋钠对照组的治愈率为40.0％、总有效率为60.0％;试验药物高、中剂量组对仔猪黄白痢的治愈率与对照药物相比差异极显著(P＜0.01).表明硫酸头孢喹肟对仔猪黄白痢的临床疗效显著优于头孢噻呋钠,建议推荐剂量为3 mg/kg,每天1次,连用2d.  相似文献   

7.
头孢噻呋混悬剂对猪链球菌Ⅱ型小鼠模型的治疗试验   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  
建立小鼠链球菌病的模型,评价头孢噻呋混悬剂的疗效。选用小白鼠人工感染猪链球菌Ⅱ型建立疾病模型,并应用不同剂量头孢噻呋混悬剂进行治疗试验。结果表明,链球菌Ⅱ型感染的小鼠模型能表现出典型的临床症状及病理变化,且具有较好的重复性。5和10mg/kg组治愈率均为100%,2mg/kg组治愈率为70%。因此,头孢噻呋混悬剂作为注射剂治疗小鼠猪链球菌Ⅱ型感染以剂量5mg/kg为佳。  相似文献   

8.
选择确诊为仔猪渗出性皮炎且发病程度基本一致的乳猪60头,随机分为4组,每组15头。1组,按每次40 mg/kg体重的剂量肌注头孢噻呋钠;2组,按每次40 mg/kg体重的剂量肌注头孢噻呋钠,同时用0.1%温的高锰酸钾溶液浸泡全身;3组,按每次40 mg/kg体重的剂量肌注头孢噻呋钠,同时用0.1%温的高锰酸钾溶液浸泡全身,红霉素软膏涂抹创面;4组,按每次40 mg/kg体重的剂量肌注头孢噻呋钠,同时用0.1%温的高锰酸钾浸泡全身,红霉素软膏涂抹创面,灌服适量口服补液盐。每组均连续用药5 d,再观察7 d。结果 1、2、3和4组的治愈率依次为46.67%、66.67%、80.00%和86.66%。说明在选用敏感抗生素治疗的基础上,辅以其他治疗措施,要比单一抗生素治疗的效果显著。  相似文献   

9.
《中国兽医学报》2016,(11):1908-1915
为了研究复方氟苯尼考注射液的体外抗菌活性及对人工感染巴氏杆菌仔猪的保护效果。本研究采用体外抑菌试验采用试管二倍稀释法,测定复方氟苯尼考注射液和单方氟苯尼考注射液对多杀性巴氏杆菌、副猪嗜血杆菌、猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌及链球菌的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)。体内治疗试验是将复方氟苯尼考注射液分为20、40、60mg/kg 3个剂量组与氟苯尼考对照组(40mg/kg)以及氟尼辛葡甲胺对照组(3.65mg/kg)以颈部肌肉注射治疗人工感染多杀性巴氏杆菌的仔猪。体外抑菌试验结果显示,复方氟苯尼考注射液对多杀性巴氏杆菌、副猪嗜血杆菌、猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌及链球菌的MIC分别为0.59、1.09、0.59、2.12mg/L;氟苯尼考注射液对多杀性巴氏杆菌、副猪嗜血杆菌、猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌及链球菌的MIC分别为1.12、6.13、17.86、17.86mg/L。保护性试验结果显示,复方氟苯尼考注射液低、中、高剂量组增重率分别为(10.19±4.84)、(14.33±4.07)、(15.53±5.38)kg,死亡率分别为10%、10%、0,好转率分别为60%、90%、100%,治愈率分别为20%、90%、100%;氟苯尼考组的增重率为(9.90±4.25)kg;氟尼辛葡甲胺组的增重率为(8.02±3.83)kg。结果表明,复方氟苯尼考注射液对多杀性巴氏杆菌、副猪嗜血杆菌、猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌及链球菌的抑菌效果强于单方氟苯尼考注射液;复方氟苯尼考注射液对人工感染多杀性巴氏杆菌仔猪的保护作用也优于氟苯尼考注射液。建议本品的治疗剂量为颈部肌肉注射40mg/kg,每7d给药1次,连用2次,如症状严重可2d给药1次,连用2次。  相似文献   

10.
复方盐酸头孢噻呋混悬剂的药代动力学研究   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  
利用药物动力学的方法考察复方盐酸头孢噻呋混悬剂是否具备缓释长效的特点,同时研究鱼腥草油对头孢噻呋药代动力学的影响。36只SPF大鼠随机平均分成三组:A组单剂量注射复方盐酸头孢噻呋混悬剂,B组单剂量注射盐酸头孢噻呋混悬剂,C组单剂量注射头孢噻呋钠粉针;三组注射剂量均为50 mg/(kg.bw)。采用反相高效液相色谱内标法测定血浆药物浓度,并以DAS2.0药动学程序和SPSS(11.0)统计软件对所得数据进行分析。A、B、C组药时数据均符合一级吸收二室模型(权重=1/cc),主要动力学参数如下:A组:T1/2Ka=(1.253±0.100)h,Tpeak=(2.000±0.000)h,Cmax=(35.203±5.732)mg/L,AUC=(229.51±18.278)mg.h/L;B组:T1/2Ka=(0.341±0.090)h,Tpeak=(1.000±0.000)h,Cmax=(43.919±1.51)mg/L,AUC=(188.488±9.611)mg.h/L;C组:T1/2Ka=(0.044±0.012)h,Tpeak=(0.167±0.000)h,Cmax=(159.091±19.971)mg/L,AUC=(128.554±6.625)mg.h/L。实验数据表明,复方盐酸头孢噻呋混悬剂肌肉注射后,其药物动力学特征表现为吸收缓慢,血药浓度平稳,消除半衰期延长,生物利用度高等特点,在临床上注射1次,连用3 d,可以维持有效血液浓度。  相似文献   

11.
Ceftiofur sodium, a broad-spectrum cephalosporin, is active against gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens of veterinary importance. Two studies were designed to compare the intramuscular bioavailability of the current sodium salt and the new hydrochloride salt in pigs at doses of either 3 mg or 5 mg ceftiofur equivalents (CE)/kg body weight. Twenty-six healthy young pigs were selected for these two-period, two-treatment crossover studies, 12 for the 3 mg/kg study and 14 for the 5 mg/kg study. Each animal received one intramuscular (i.m.) injection of ceftiofur sodium and one i.m. injection of ceftiofur hydrochloride with a 14-day washout period between the two treatments. Blood samples were collected serially for up to 96 h postinjection. Plasma samples were then analysed using a validated assay that measures ceftiofur and all desfuroylceftiofur-related metabolites by high-performance liquid chromatography. In the 3 mg/kg dosage study, average maximum plasma concentration (C(max)) after administration of ceftiofur sodium was 15.8+/-3.40 microg/mL at 0.4-4 h after injection. After administration of ceftiofur hydrochloride, the C(max) was 11.8+/-1.67 microg/mL at 1-4 h after injection. Concentrations of ceftiofur and metabolites 72 h after the injection were 0.392+/-0.162 microg/mL for ceftiofur hydrochloride and 0.270+/-0.118 microg/mL for ceftiofur sodium. The mean area under the curve (AUC), from time 0 to the limit of quantitation (AUC(O-LOQ)) after ceftiofur hydrochloride administration, was 216+/-28.0 microg x h/mL, compared to 169+/-45.4 microg x h/mL after ceftiofur sodium administration. The calculated time during which plasma concentrations remained above 0.02 microg/mL (t(>0.2)) was 85.3+/-10.6 h for ceftiofur sodium and 77.2+/-10.7 h for ceftiofur hydrochloride. In the 5 mg/kg dosage study, C(max) after administration of ceftiofur sodium was 28.3+/-4.45 microg/mL at 0.33-2 h after injection. After administration of ceftiofur hydrochloride, the C(max) was 29.7+/-6.72 microg/mL at 0.66-2 h after injection. Concentrations of ceftiofur and metabolites 96 h after the injection were 0.274+/-0.0550 microg/mL for ceftiofur hydrochloride and 0.224+/-0.0350 microg/mL for ceftiofur sodium. The mean AUC(O-LOQ) after ceftiofur hydrochloride administration was 382+/-89.8 microg x h/mL compared to 302+/-54.4 microg x h/mL after ceftiofur sodium administration. The t(>0.2) was 78.9+/-9.65 h for ceftiofur sodium and 94.2+/-8.64 h for ceftiofur hydrochloride. Based on the similarity of the pharmacokinetic parameters of the sodium and hydrochloride formulations of ceftiofur, similar therapeutic efficacy can be inferred for the two products.  相似文献   

12.
Collard, W. T., Cox, S. R., Lesman, S. P., Grover, G. S., Boucher, J. F., Hallberg, J. W., Robinson, J. A., Brown, S. A. Pharmacokinetics of ceftiofur crystalline‐free acid sterile suspension in the equine. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap. 34 , 476–481. Absolute bioavailability and dose proportionality studies were performed with ceftiofur in horses. In the absolute bioavailability study, thirty animals received either an intravenous dose of ceftiofur sodium at 1.0 mg/kg or an intramuscular (i.m.) dose of ceftiofur crystalline‐free acid (CCFA) at 6.6 mg/kg. In the dose proportionality study, 48 animals received daily i.m. ceftiofur sodium injections at 1.0 mg/kg for ten doses or two doses of CCFA separated by 96 h, with CCFA doses of 3.3, 6.6, or 13.2 mg/kg. Noncompartmental and mixed‐effect modeling procedures were used to assess pharmacokinetics (PK). CCFA was well absorbed with a bioavailability of 100%. AUC0–∞ and Cmax increased in a dose‐related manner following administration of the two doses of CCFA at 3.3, 6.6, and 13.2 mg/kg. The least‐squares mean terminal half‐life (t½) following the tenth daily i.m. injection of ceftiofur sodium at 2.2 mg/kg was 40.8 h, but the least‐squares mean t½ following the second i.m. injection of CCFA at 6.6 mg/kg was 100 h. The time that plasma ceftiofur equivalent concentrations remain above a threshold concentration of 0.2 μg/mL has been associated with efficacy, and following administration of two 6.6 mg/kg doses of CCFA, the mean time above 0.2 μg/mL was 262 h. Simulations with the nonlinear mixed‐effect PK model predicted that more than 97.5% of horses will have plasma ceftiofur equivalent concentrations >0.2 μg/mL for 96 h after the second 6.6 mg/kg dose of CCFA.  相似文献   

13.
A study was conducted in a feedlot in Alberta, Canada, to compare the clinical efficacy of a single injection of ceftiofur crystalline free acid sterile injectable suspension with three daily treatments of ceftiofur sodium sterile powder for the treatment of footrot. Use of a long-acting antimicrobial to treat footrot would reduce labor costs and hospital pen space requirements during high-risk periods. Four hundred cattle clinically diagnosed with footrot were systematically randomized to one of two treatment groups. The treatment success rate at 14 days after treatment (99.5% for ceftiofur crystalline free acid sterile injectable suspension and 99.0% for ceftiofur sodium sterile powder for injection) was not statistically different (P>.05) between the two drugs.  相似文献   

14.
按每千克体重1 000mg、500mg和200mg给15只小鼠腹腔注射头孢噻呋钠脂质体,7d后小鼠仍健活;再将56只小鼠随机分为7组,即头孢噻呋钠脂质体高、中、低剂量组(分别相当于临床剂量的20、10和5倍),头孢噻呋钠原料药高、中、低剂量组和生理盐水对照组,连续21d腹腔注射头孢噻呋钠脂质体和头孢噻呋钠后,进行血液学、血清生化学和组织病理学检查。小鼠血常规及生化指标经t检验后显示,头孢噻呋钠高剂量组对小鼠有明显的毒性,脂质体高剂量组也有一定毒性,但相比同剂量的原料药毒性有所降低。肝脏和肾脏病理切片结果显示,脂质体对小鼠造成的毒性影响明显比头孢噻呋钠小。本研究结果表明,经脂质体包封后的头孢噻呋钠毒性明显下降,安全性提高。  相似文献   

15.
Treatment of respiratory infections in horses with ceftiofur sodium.   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  
Ceftiofur sodium was evaluated as a therapy for respiratory infections in horses. This cephalosporin antimicrobial was administered intramuscularly every 24 h and at a dose of 2.2 mg/kg (1.0 mg/lb) of body weight. The efficacy of ceftiofur sodium was compared with that of a positive control drug, ampicillin sodium (recommended dose of 6.6 mg/kg [3 mg/lb], given every 12 h). Both treatments were continued for 48 h after clinical symptoms were no longer evident (maximum of 10 days). Fifty-five (55) horses with naturally acquired respiratory infections were included in the study; 28 were treated with ceftiofur and 27 with ampicillin. Clinical improvement was recorded for 92.9% of the patients treated with ceftiofur and 92.6% of the animals receiving ampicillin. Both therapies reduced body temperatures to an afebrile level after 2 days of treatment. Complete recovery/cure was noted for 78.6% of the ceftiofur patients and 59.3% of the horses treated with ampicillin. Supporting variables (depression/malaise, respiration/dyspnoea, nasal discharge) were assessed and these also substantiated the effectiveness of the treatments. Both antibiotics were well tolerated. Neither pain nor swelling were noted at the ceftiofur injection site(s). None of the animals developed diarrhoea. Data from this study indicated that ceftiofur sodium is an effective and safe treatment for respiratory infections in horses.  相似文献   

16.
盐酸头孢噻呋注射液对奶牛的安全性研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
试验旨在研究盐酸头孢噻呋注射液对奶牛的安全性。试验选择20头健康泌乳奶牛,随机分成4组,即1×(2.2 mg/kg bw)、3×(6.6 mg/kg bw)、5×(11.0 mg/kg bw)推荐剂量组和0.9%生理盐水对照组,观察用药后奶牛的直肠温度、精神状态以及乳房局部症状等临床症状,并进行血液生理和血清生化指标的测定。结果显示,盐酸头孢噻呋注射液1×、3×、5×推荐剂量组所有试验动物用药后均无明显的不良反应,血液生理和血清生化指标均在正常范围内,表明盐酸头孢噻呋注射液在临床上用于靶动物奶牛是安全的。  相似文献   

17.
Pharmacokinetic studies of antibiotics in South American camelids are uncommon, therefore drugs are often administered to llamas and alpacas based on dosages established in other domestic species. The disposition of ceftiofur sodium was studied in llamas following intramuscular administration and in alpacas following intravenous and intramuscular administration. Eleven adult llamas were given ceftiofur sodium by intramuscular injection. Each animal received either a standard dose of 2.2 mg/kg or an allometrically scaled dose ranging from 2.62 to 2.99 mg/kg in a crossover design. Ten adult alpacas were given ceftiofur sodium by intravenous and intramuscular injections. Each animal received a standard dosage of 1 mg/kg or an allometrically scaled dose ranging from 1.27 to 1.44 mg/kg i.v., and 1.31-1.51 mg/kg i.m. Blood samples were collected at 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 72 h after administration of the ceftiofur. Pharmacokinetic parameters of ceftiofur in llamas and alpacas were similar following i.m. dosing at both dose levels. The only differences noted were in the total AUC between dose levels, but the AUC/dose values were not different. A sequence effect was noted in the alpaca data, which resulted in lower AUCs for the second dose when the i.v. dose was given first, and with higher AUCs for the second dose when the i.m. dose was given first. Overall, ceftiofur pharmacokinetics in llamas and alpacas are similar, and also very similar to reported parameters for sheep and goats.  相似文献   

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