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乐都地膜大蒜配方施肥试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在乐都川水地区,研究"3414"配方施肥设计对大蒜蒜薹、蒜头产量的影响。试验结果表明,在乐都川水地区随着化肥施肥量的增加,大蒜蒜薹和蒜头的产量逐渐增加,但当施肥量增加到一定程度时,大蒜蒜薹和蒜头的产量随着施肥量的增加不断降低;氮、磷、钾肥中,对大蒜蒜头产量的促进作用顺序为磷肥>氮肥>钾肥;氮、磷、钾两两配合后均可提高大蒜蒜头产量,对大蒜蒜头产量的促进作用顺序为:磷钾>氮钾>氮磷。收获蒜头时,获得最佳经济效益的氮、磷、钾配合施用量为纯N 32.84 kg/667 m2、P2O514.12 kg/667 m2、K2O 10.16 kg/667 m2,此时大蒜蒜头产量为2 852.22 kg/667 m2。 相似文献
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采用大田试验方法,研究全程营养解决方案对大蒜长势、根系数量、感病率、抽薹率、倒伏率、蒜薹和蒜头产量以及经济效益的影响。结果表明：与2 种习惯施肥相比,全程营养解决方案明显提高了返青期和蒜薹伸长期大蒜的株高、茎粗、叶长和叶宽,显著增加了大蒜根系数量;蒜薹抽薹率显著提高了23～26 个百分点;倒伏率显著降低了30 个百分点;叶枯病和根腐病的发病率均显著降低。全程营养解决方案蒜薹和蒜头产量分别为192 kg·（667 m2）-1 和1 537 kg·（667m2）-1 ,每667 m2 净收入增加495～581 元。表明全程营养解决方案可以促进大蒜生长,减少病害发生,实现增产增收,适宜在山东金乡地区推广。 相似文献
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异地换种对大蒜生长和产量的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以河南中牟蒜区常年主栽品种为试材,按照随机区组设计,在壤土地栽种不同换种年限、不同土质来源的异地蒜种,研究异地换种,特别是换种年限和土质来源对大蒜生长和产量的影响,旨在为大蒜异地换种提供科学依据和具体指导。结果表明:不同土质来源的蒜种是影响大蒜生长和产量的关键因素;换种1a、来自粘土的蒜种处理(T4)表现最好,蒜薹和蒜头增产幅度分别达61.01%和22.85%;从大蒜植株生长势、蒜薹单重、蒜头单重、蒜头横径和大蒜产量上分析可知,大蒜异地换种以每3a换种1次为宜,粘土来源的蒜种优于砂土来源的蒜种,显著优于壤土来源的当地蒜种。 相似文献
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以江苏丰县主栽品种为试材,研究不同土壤类型对新引进的大蒜生长发育及产量的影响,旨在为大蒜异地换种提供理论依据和生产指导。试验结果表明,苗期时,不同土壤类型种植的大蒜生长性状之间并无显著差异;抽薹期,济宁市农业科学院和汶上南站种植的大蒜在单根鲜质量、蒜薹长度和蒜薹直径方面无显著差异,但是与汶上次丘种植的大蒜存在显著差异;成熟期,济宁市农业科学院种植的大蒜与汶上南站、汶上次丘种植的在蒜头鲜质量和蒜头直径方面存在显著差异。综合分析可知,济宁市农业科学院地块种植的大蒜优于汶上南站和汶上次丘种植的大蒜。因而最适宜大蒜种植的土壤类型为砂壤土,其次为壤土和黏壤土。 相似文献
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为有效提高本县大蒜种植产量,不断增加蒜农收益,在本地大蒜常规种植的基础上,比较几种常见叶面肥在威宁紫皮大蒜上的施用效果,筛选大蒜增产增效明显的叶面肥种类。试验结果表明,施用矿源黄腐酸钾的处理蒜薹和蒜头产量均最高,每667 m2产量分别为1 357.75和1 777.77 kg,分别比对照(不施叶面肥)增产11.26%和5.51%;施用活力氮钾的处理蒜薹和蒜头产量均为第2,每667 m2产量分别达1 327.57和1 750.77 kg,分别比对照增产8.80%和3.91%。施用矿源黄腐酸钾和活力氮钾这2种叶面肥威宁紫皮大蒜增产增收经济效益显著。 相似文献
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大蒜地膜覆盖栽培的效果与技术 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
1985～1989年,笔者连续4年进行了地膜覆盖大蒜试验,取得了显著的效果,所生产的大蒜蒜头大、整齐、无畸形、不散瓣,单球重在40g以上。其蒜薹和蒜苗也优于露地蒜。 一、大蒜地膜覆盖栽培效果 试验采取简单对比法,设盖膜、不盖膜两个处理,4次重复。小区面积15～20m2。并对产量结果进行了显著性测定。 (一)对鲜蒜头的影响 1985～1988年,试验设在中性中壤土地。覆膜蒜比露地蒜平均增产25%～59.7%,1985～1986年达显著标准,1986～1988两年均达极显著标准。1988～1989年,试验设在粘土地。覆膜蒜增产37.6%～79.2%,达极显著标准(见表1)。 (二)对干蒜头… 相似文献
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大蒜二次生长控制技术 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
大蒜二次生长严重影响蒜薹和蒜头的产量及质量,分析大蒜二次生长的类型及发生原因,通过生产实践总结出"三适、四防、二择种、水肥膜要科学弄"等防止大蒜二次生长的技术措施. 相似文献
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摘要：为研究低温条件对不同大小蒜种生长发育的影响，发挥低温处理蒜种在生产上的最大效应， 以“三月黄”大蒜为试验材料，在播种前对蒜种进行6 ℃低温处理，以室内常温贮藏为对照，观察蒜种生 根、出苗及植株性状，比较青蒜、蒜薹及蒜头产量。结果表明：低温处理可使蒜种提早解除休眠，促进 大蒜提前生根和出苗生长，且蒜瓣越大效果越好，其中，大瓣蒜出苗率最高，达到92.4%，中瓣蒜次之， 达到84.93%。低温处理能显著增加大蒜植株假茎的长度和粗度，提高单株质量即青蒜产量，且蒜瓣越大 增产效果越显著，低温处理大瓣蒜种和中瓣蒜种的小区青蒜产量分别较对照增加46.28%、35.95%，且与 对照间差异均达极显著水平；小瓣蒜种的小区青蒜产量比对照增加10.53%，二者间差异达到显著水平。 而低温处理蒜种的蒜薹和蒜头产量均显著低于对照，且二次生长严重，蒜头瓣数虽多但单瓣质量低，商 品质量差。因此，播前低温处理蒜种可以用于青蒜生产，实现提早上市，增加产量，且大瓣和中瓣蒜种 效果较好，但不能用于生产蒜薹、蒜头及留种。 相似文献
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Ethylene (C2H4) applied before chilling stimulated rooting and sprouting, and increased root number and length per corm. Only when corms experienced high temperature for a certain period before or after C2H4 treatment was a promotive effect on sprouting observed. When C2H4 was applied at the beginning of the high-temperature storage, the effect was greatest and all treated corms sprouted within 2 weeks of planting. Effects of ethephon on sprouting were slight.Shortening the dormant period with C2H4 could be useful for practical freesia forcing, since C2H4 has no adverse effects on the development of the root and the shoot. 相似文献
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以7年生曙光油桃为试材,研究了冰冻处理对解除油桃芽休眠的作用.结果表明,11月30日以-4℃和-7℃冰冻处理者,油桃萌芽级数变化不明显.自-10℃、0.5小时后的其余低温处理对油桃芽自然休眠呈正调控效应,其萌发率与对照相比明显升高;虽然部分花芽和叶芽因低温而死亡,但对解除存活芽休眠效应明显增强.12月10日和20日处理的效果与11月30日类似,处理时期越晚对油桃芽自然休眠的调控效应越明显. 相似文献
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Jason W. Miesbauer Edward F. Gilman Forrest J. Masters Sangam Nitesh 《Urban Forestry & Urban Greening》2014,13(3):526-533
It has been observed that during ice, snow, and wind storms, branches oriented vertically tend to incur more damage than branches oriented horizontally. A study was conducted to determine breaking stress and breaking position of branches reoriented nearly horizontal and nearly vertical. Branches oriented 40–50° from horizontal with mean diameter 4.9 cm (SD ± 0.73) were removed from two trees and transferred to a custom branch pulling station. Branches were reoriented either nearly horizontal (76–89°) or vertical (6–29°) to a reinforced vertical post. Branches were pulled vertically downward from three equidistant positions along the branch until they broke. Failure stress for horizontal oriented branches (64 MPa) was double the stress required to pull vertical oriented branches to failure (32 MPa). Nine of ten horizontal branches failed between the branch base and the pull point closest to the base (proximal pull point); whereas seven of ten vertical branches failed farther from the base, between the proximal and middle pull points. Average length from branch base to failure point for horizontal branches was 12.8 cm, and 74.6 cm for vertical branches. Despite requiring less stress to break, branch angle change at the distal and middle pull points from the original position to the position at failure for vertical branches was greater than for horizontal branches; whereas angle change at the proximal pull point was greater for horizontal branches. Branch taper was not different between reorientation treatments. Implications on pruning strategies are discussed. 相似文献
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I. Koçaçalişkan 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(6):683-687
The effects of direct electrical current (DC) and alternating current (AC), were compared with bromoethane (BE), gibberellic acid (GA) and kinetin (Ki) for breaking tuber dormancy of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). BE was the most effective treatment for high sprout numbers and for short emergence times of sprouts, but the growth regulators (GA and Ki) were most effective in promoting sprout elongation. Electrical currents were more effective for sprout numbers than were growth regulators, except for BE. Amylase and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) enzyme activities were different in the tuber parenchyma and the sprouts of treated tubers. Amylase activity was higher in the parenchyma than in sprouts, in contrast to PPO activity. 相似文献
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The exposure of freesia corms to an atmosphere containing 1 ml/l C2H4 strongly promoted sprouting of the corms when the treatment was applied at a high temperature (28–31°C), but the response was weak at temperatures below 20°C. Repeated treatments with C2H4 did not enhance sprouting, i.e. was not more effective than a single treatment. Exposure to an atmosphere containing CO of concentrations over 1 ml/l accelerated sprouting. The maximum effect of CO was obtained with 10 ml/l at 28–31°C.The effect of C2H4 combined with CO was similar to that of a single treatment with each separately. Soaking corms in solutions of 10?1 M potassium cyanide and 30 g/l calcium cyanamide effectively promoted sprouting, but similar treatments with slaked lime and thiourea had no effect.Treatments with C2H4, CO, KCN and CaCN2 did not stimulate C2H4-evolution in dormant corms. Respiration of the corms was increased by C2H4 and CO, and decreased by KCN and CaCN2. 相似文献
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Arisaema sikokianum (Araceae) native to Japan is classified as a vulnerable species in the Red Data Book of Japan. Control of dormancy is essential for efficient corm production and forcing culture. Sprouting of both vegetative and reproductive corms was enhanced by exposure to low temperature. Vegetative corms exposed to low temperatures at 5 °C longer sprouted faster when grown at 20 °C. Effective temperatures for breaking dormancy was 5 °C. Reproductive corms treated at 5 °C longer showed shorter days to flower. Successful forcing culture was achieved; corms treated at 5 °C from November for 30 days flowered on 5th February. 相似文献
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核果类植物是温带地区重要的果树资源,兼具良好的经济价值、生态价值及园林观赏价值。休眠是核果类果树种子为应对不良外界环境而产生的适应性进化,有利于保障种群的延续,但不利于苗木的规模化繁育。为了优化核果类植物繁育技术,提高苗木繁育效率,对核果类植物种子休眠与萌发机制的研究现状进行综述。本研究重点分析国内外相关研究进展,分别从果肉、内果皮、种皮、种胚4个方面对核果类果树种子休眠机制及休眠打破方法进行总结归纳,并基于综述结果对其研究前景进行展望,以期在阐明核果类果树种子休眠与萌发机制的基础上,为解决生产过程中种子休眠问题提供思路与方法,并为乡土植物资源保护、引种栽培提供科学依据。 相似文献