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钾、硼、锌肥配施对砂田西瓜生长及养分吸收的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《果树学报》2016,(7)
【目的】在砂田注水补灌基础上,探讨钾、硼、锌肥不同配施处理对西瓜生长发育及养分吸收利用的影响。【方法】以西瓜‘陇抗九号’为试材,采用随机区组施肥方法,测定不同处理的西瓜光合特性、产量、品质和氮、磷、钾吸收及积累量。【结果】与对照氮磷肥处理相比,所有施钾处理均可显著提高西瓜光合参数、产量、品质指标及养分的积累利用率。施硼有利于西瓜维生素C含量的提高和氮的吸收积累,NPKB处理的西瓜果实维生素C含量和氮素总积累量较NPK分别提高了9.94%和16.87%;施锌则有利于西瓜果实含糖量的提高和钾素的吸收,NPKZn处理的西瓜果实边糖含量和钾素吸收量较NPK分别提高了6.52%和12.96%,且果实糖分梯度显著降低,糖酸比增加。钾、硼、锌3者配施除具有以上单因素效应外,西瓜产量、磷素总积累量较NPK处理分别提高了10.27%和22.59%,而钾素总积累量及利用率则显著高于钾肥单施或钾硼、钾锌两者配施。【结论】钾、硼、锌肥同时配施对促进西瓜生长,提高产量、品质及养分的吸收利用效果最为显著。 相似文献
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施钾对压砂西瓜产量和品质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以“金城5号”西瓜为试材,通过田间小区试验,研究了不同供钾水平对压砂西瓜产量和品质的影响.结果表明:施用钾肥对压砂西瓜有显著的增产作用,与对照比较各处理增产率为3.3％～14.9％;施钾量在18 kg/hrm2范围内,增施钾肥可以提高压砂西瓜的维生素C含量、可溶性固形物含量和可溶性糖含量,与对照比较,施钾量18 kg/hm处理的维生素C含量增加了14.6％,可溶性固形物含量提高了26.8％,可溶性糖含量提高了14.8％.综合考虑压砂西瓜的产量品质因素,当地压砂西瓜合理的施钾量应为18 kg/hm2. 相似文献
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钾镁肥配施对杨梅品质和矿质营养的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
《中国南方果树》2017,(3)
比较了单施钾肥、单施镁肥以及钾镁肥配施分别对丁岙杨梅果实品质及营养元素的影响。结果表明,株施镁肥0.15 kg可显著提高杨梅果实单果质量、可溶性固形物、总糖、维生素C含量和株产,分别比对照提高6.48%、9.90%、7.89%、15.45和5.65%;株施钾肥1.0kg可显著提高杨梅果实单果质量、可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、糖酸比、维生素C含量和株产,分别比对照提高7.56%、11.48%、14.53%、33.38%、19.96%和22.35%,果实中钾、磷、铁含量显著提高;株施镁肥0.2kg+钾肥0.5kg可显著提高杨梅果实产量、可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、总酸、糖酸比、维生素C、硬度及株产,果实中钾、铁、钙含量显著提高。 相似文献
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在新疆灌耕灰漠土上,采取膜下滴灌方式种植加工番茄,以常规习惯施肥为对照,研究了膜下滴灌氯化钾的施用量和施用方式对新疆地区加工番茄产量和品质的影响。结果表明:增施钾肥均能提高加工番茄的单株结果数、单果重和产量;单果数的增加是产量增产的主要因素;施钾量为150kg/hm2(50%基施,50%开花期施,分3次滴入)的处理产量最高,达15t/hm2,比对照(不施钾)增产14.4%;施钾量为75kg/hm2(50%基施,50%开花期施,分3次滴入)处理的钾肥产投比较高,但钾肥的产投比易受钾肥价格的影响而改变;钾肥对加工番茄的可溶性固形物含量、色差、粘度和总酸含量影响显著;就综合性价比而言,在新疆膜下滴灌条件下,适宜推荐加工番茄氯化钾的施用量范围在75~150kg/hm2,施用方法分基施和追施。 相似文献
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不同氮磷钾配比滴灌对灰枣产量与品质的影响 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
以5 a生灰枣为试材,在滴灌条件下设置不同水肥处理,研究氮磷钾施肥配比对灰枣产量与品质的影响。结果表明:在施肥设计水平范围内,土壤中适量增施氮、磷肥能提高灰枣果实单果质量和产量;增施钾肥可提高枣果中还原糖和维生素C的含量,增施氮肥则可提高蛋白质的含量;土壤中氮、磷、钾肥过高会降低枣果中矿质铁的含量;增施磷肥提高矿质钙的含量,却降低矿质镁的含量;增施钾肥则提高矿质锌、锰的含量,降低矿质铜的含量。1 hm2在滴灌水量为5 250 m3的条件下,以产量为目标,氮、磷、钾施肥量414.9、280.2、33.6 kg为最佳施肥配比。 相似文献
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以口感型番茄农博粉18109为试验材料,采用设施内土壤栽培方式,共设置A、B 2种试验,A为基肥增施不同类型钙肥试验,B为基肥增施不同类型钙肥+叶面肥试验,研究不同钙肥对番茄品质及脐腐病的影响。结果表明,与常规施肥相比,基肥增施过磷酸钙,番茄的可溶性固形物和可溶性糖含量分别增加和显著增加4.81%和8.87%;增施钙镁肥番茄的可溶性固形物、维生素C和可溶性糖含量分别显著增加8.20%、5.95%和8.49%。在配合喷施叶面肥（氨基酸钙）的情况下,与常规施肥相比,基肥增施硝酸钙,番茄果实的可溶性固形物含量显著提高9.23%;增施钙镁肥,番茄果实可溶性固形物、维生素C含量分别显著增加7.58%和7.70%,且裂果数显著降低了77.78%,未发现脐腐病果实,产量显著增加43.82%。此外,与常规施肥相比,基肥增施3种钙肥,显著提高了土壤中水溶性钾含量,配合补充叶面肥,土壤中水溶性钙的含量也分别显著提高131.75%、138.10%、146.03%。综上,选择最优处理B3作为口感型番茄生产中的施肥推荐量。 相似文献
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有机肥与化肥配施对大棚叶菜产量及品质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国瓜菜》2020,(9)
为探索有机肥与化肥配施对咸阳市设施大棚3种叶菜产量和品质的影响,以小白菜、菠菜和生菜为供试材料展开研究,通过综合的数据分析,得出3种叶菜在生产中有机肥与化肥最佳比例。结果表明:有机肥与无机肥配合施用对小白菜、菠菜和生菜的株高、单株质量、最大叶宽以及叶片数等生物学性状都有很好的促进作用。配施40%有机肥提高3种叶菜产量的效果最为显著,与纯施化肥处理相比分别提高了15.31%、16.92%和20.62%,配施有机肥不同程度地提高了3种叶菜的维生素C、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量,降低了硝酸盐含量。 相似文献
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The effects of combinations of salinity (no salt, 2000 p.p.m. or 4000 p.p.m. of CaCl2 and NaCl, 1:1) and water table (30 cm, 60 cm or 90 cm from the soil surface), on the vegetative growth and tolerance of ‘Golden Japanese’ plum and ‘Mit Ghamre’ and ‘Balady’ peaches were studied. The plants were grown in lysimeters. The growth of the trunk, total shoot length, the increase in shoot length per cm and the fresh weight of top, root and total plant were reduced with increasing salinity of the irrigation water. The effect was accentuated when the plants were maintained at high water table level. The salinity treatments resulted in the death of 43%, 73% and 76% of the plants in the plum, and the ‘Mit Ghamre’ and ‘Balady’ peaches, respectively, indicating that the plum is more tolerant to salinity than the peach. The plants of the salinity treatments showed various symptoms of salt injury, such as leaf burn, defoliation, shoot die-back and finally death. In the peaches, salt injury started to occur in the first growing-season, whereas the salt injury appeared in the plum in the second growing-season. The symptoms were more pronounced in the 4000 p.p.m. treatment than in the 2000 p.p.m. treatment and were more pronounced at the high water table level. The salinity level was the predominant factor and the effect of the water table on the vegetative growth diminished with increase in the salinity level of the irrigation water. 相似文献
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AIM：To establish a fast, accurate and economical technique for culturing mouse pulmonary arteriolar smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), and to explore the effects of hypoxia on the proliferation and apoptosis of the PASMCs. METHODS：In sterile condition, the pulmonary artery was isolated from the male BALB/c mice by digesting with collagenase I, and the cells were cultured in fetal bovine serum-coated flask. Centrifugal procedure was not used during the cell passage. The cell morphology was observed under an inverted phase-contrast microscope. α-Smooth muscle actin was identified by immunocytochemistry and immunofluorescence. The effects of hypoxia on the proliferation and apoptosis of the PASMCs were detected by CCK-8 assay and TUNEL assay. RESULTS：PASMCs were identified by the methods of immunocytochemistry, immunofluorescence staining and observation of morphology. Unlike the rat PASMCs with typical subcultured peak-vally pattern, the mouse PASMCs showed a lot different without a peak-vally pattern. The cells could be subcultured after 5 d to 7 d and there was 3 to 5 generations depending on the activity of the cells. CCK-8 assay demonstrated that the A values of PASMCs exposed to hypoxia increased after 24 h (P＜0.05) as compared with normoxia. TUNEL result showed that the apoptotic index of the PASMCs in hypoxia decreased after 24 h (P<0.05). CONCLUSION：This technique for obtaining cultured mouse PASMCs is simple, fast, accurate and economical. The digestion time is easy to control. Hypoxia promotes the proliferation and inhibits the apoptosis of PASMCs. 相似文献
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小檗碱和壳聚糖抗蔬菜病原真菌活性测定及复合膜制备 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
研究了小檗碱和壳聚糖对几种常见蔬菜病原真菌的抑制活性,以及以小檗碱和壳聚糖为主料制备复合膜的方法,并测定了该膜的药物释放效果。试验表明:低浓度(0.234 mg/mL)小檗碱即可抑制辣椒炭疽病菌(Vermicularia capsici)等5种蔬菜病原真菌的生长。20 mg/mL浓度壳聚糖对番茄灰霉病菌(Botrytis cinerea)的抑制率高达65%,而对其余4种果蔬病原真菌也有一定的抑制作用。为了集成这2种天然化合物的优点,制备了小檗碱-壳聚糖复合膜,该膜具有缓释功能,在模拟外部环境(磷酸缓冲液,pH 6.8)条件下,20 d小檗碱累计释放率接近25%,提示其在果蔬贮藏抗菌中的应用价值。 相似文献
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钾肥在小白菜和萝卜上的施用效果 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
采用盆栽试验方法研究了施用钾肥对小白菜、萝卜生长发育、产量、品质及钾素含量的影响。结果表明 ,施用钾肥对小白菜和水萝卜的株高、叶片数无显著的影响 ,但可提高水萝卜块根的产量 ,提高幅度为 31.0 4 %～ 97.93%。施用钾肥可提高小白菜和萝卜的蛋白质和VC含量 ,降低硝酸盐含量 ,增加植株的钾素含量 相似文献
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Fresh onion seeds desiccated to 6.0% seed moisture content (SMC) were stored in various packaging materials under different storage conditions. Seeds packed in aluminum-laminated pouches beside those stored with silica gel at 25 °C maintained satisfactory germinability and vigour after 12 months. Desiccated seeds stored in moisture impervious containers produced more vigourous seedlings. Germination potential of onion seeds increased with reduced SMC besides storage in moisture impervious packets along with desiccants as physiological and biochemical attributes are regulated. Seed viability and vigour decreased with accelerated ageing due to increased lipid peroxidation, decreased activities of several free radical and peroxide scavenging enzymes. Electrical conductance of seed leachates also increased with ageing. Thus, adoption of appropriate storage temperature and moisture control techniques would significantly affect onion seed quality, which was due to minimum accumulation of free peroxide radicals and enhanced activity of free radical scavenging enzymes. 相似文献
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