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应用组织切片技术对11～53日龄吉林白鹅小肠绒毛高度、绒毛宽度、隐窝深度和肌层厚度进行测定。结果显示,小肠各段绒毛高度及宽度随日龄增加整体上呈增长趋势,空肠绒毛最长,回肠绒毛高度、宽度在39日龄达到峰值,早于空肠和十二指肠。回肠隐窝深度11～53日龄随日龄增加而增加,十二指肠和空肠隐窝深度在39日龄达到峰值,39～53日龄变浅。小肠各段肌层厚度与日龄呈正相关,回肠的肌层厚度在46日龄达到高峰,十二指肠和空肠的肌层厚度在53日龄达到高峰。小肠各段绒毛高度/隐窝深度的比值随日龄增加而增加,53日龄时空肠的绒毛高度/隐窝深度的比值最高。 相似文献
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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2017,(21)
为了研究非洲雏鸵鸟大肠形态学的发育特点,试验以1日龄、45日龄、90日龄、334日龄的非洲鸵鸟为试验动物,其中334日龄为对照组,采用大体解剖学、组织化学和形态计量学的方法,对不同日龄非洲雏鸵鸟大肠的相对重量、肠绒毛的高度和宽度、隐窝深度及肌层厚度的发育过程进行研究。结果表明:盲肠和结肠的相对重量在45日龄达到高峰,直肠的相对重量1~90日龄逐渐减小;盲肠和结肠肠绒毛的高度、宽度及肌层厚度与日龄呈正相关;盲肠隐窝深度随日龄的增加而增加,结肠隐窝深度出生至45日龄随日龄的增加而增加,而45~90日龄随日龄的增加而减少,在45日龄达最大值。说明1~90日龄的非洲鸵鸟大肠的发育不完善,特别是1~45日龄这个阶段应饲喂易消化且营养全面的食物,这样有助于雏鸵鸟的生长。 相似文献
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为研究不同纤维源对吉林白鹅肠道形态学发育的影响,本试验分别以羊草和玉米秸秆作为日粮纤维源,选择56只吉林白鹅作为试验动物,应用组织切片技术分别对11、18、25、32、39、46、53日龄吉林白鹅小肠绒毛高度、隐窝深度、肌层厚度进行测定。结果表明:2个处理组均为空肠绒毛最长。2组肠道各段绒毛高度及肌层厚度在11~25日龄期间绝对生长值最高。羊草组鹅十二指肠及空肠绒毛高度、隐窝深度极显著高于玉米秸秆组(P<0.01)。玉米秸秆组鹅肠道各段肌层厚度高于羊草组。玉米秸秆组及羊草组鹅肠道各段绒毛高度/隐窝深度的比值总体上随日龄呈增长趋势,羊草组鹅十二指肠和空肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度的比值高于玉米秸秆组(P>0.05)。结果提示,本试验条件下,不同纤维源显著影响11~53日龄吉林白鹅肠道形态学发育,羊草组鹅十二指肠及空肠形态学发育优于玉米秸秆组。 相似文献
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断奶日龄对仔猪肠粘膜形态的影响 总被引：33，自引：5，他引：28
本文研究了不同断奶日龄对仔猪肠粘膜形态的影响。试验分17日龄（1组）、21日龄（2组）、28日龄（3组）、35日龄（4组）断奶4个处理组，每个处理3个重复，每个重复1窝，定时定点制杀取十二指肠、空肠上段、空肠下段、回肠作组织切片，观察其绒毛高度、隐窝 深度、绒毛宽度、肠壁厚度。结果表明，仔猪十二指肠、空肠上段、空肠下段和回肠的绒毛高度、隐窝深度、绒毛宽度、肠壁厚度均有不同程度的变化；断奶日龄越早，仔猪肠粘膜变化越大，其中绒毛高度下降幅度越大，恢复时间越长，一般在断奶后8－12d降至最低，随后恢复较快。1组仔猪十二指肠、空肠上段、回肠隐窝深度显著下降；绒毛宽度各组各部位均呈先变窄后变宽趋势，肠壁厚度以1组变化明显。从小肠各部位比较，绒毛高度十二指肠最高，空肠上段次之；隐窝深度、绒毛宽度也以十二指肠最深或最宽；肠壁厚度以回肠最厚。仔猪在29日龄时各组各部位肠粘膜指标降至最低水平，之后，随着日龄的增加，各指标增加显著。 相似文献
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父母代固始鸡十二指肠的发育形态学观察 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
应用大体解剖学和组织切片技术,对0～20周龄父母代固始鸡的十二指肠进行了发育形态学研究.结果表明,十二指肠的长度、体质量、周长和肠绒毛的长度、肠腺隐窝的深度、肠腺宽度及各肌层厚度等指标随周龄的增加而增长;十二指肠相对生长率、肠腺密度和十二指肠指数则呈下降趋势;肠绒毛有分支现象;淋巴组织的发育比较缓慢,到6周龄后才出现有淋巴小结;通过建立Logistic方程模型模拟十二指肠重量的生长变化,得到其生长方程:♂:Y=9.72/(1 15.3le-0.33t),♀:Y=8.29/(1 12.50e-0.31t). 相似文献
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《畜牧与兽医》2014,(9):50-53
本研究采用常规解剖组织学方法研究日粮添加半胱胺制剂对淮南麻鸭十二指肠发育的影响。选取1日龄淮南麻鸭200羽,随机平均分成4组,Ⅰ组为对照组,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组为试验组。适应性饲养1周后,从8日龄开始,分别在试验组基础日粮中添加100、200及400 mg/kg的半胱胺制剂,进行为期28 d的对比饲喂试验。结果表明:(1)与对照组相比,添加100 mg/kg半胱胺制剂组鸭十二指肠重量、绒毛高度、宽度显著增加(P<0.05);(2)添加200 mg/kg半胱胺制剂组鸭十二指肠重量、长度、肠绒毛长度、肠绒毛宽度、肠隐窝深度、肌层厚度显著增加(P<0.05);(3)添加400 mg/kg半胱胺制剂组鸭十二指肠发育无显著性变化。结果提示,日粮中适当添加半胱胺可以促进淮南麻鸭十二指肠发育。 相似文献
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试验旨在研究氨基酸转运载体相关基因在番鸭小肠不同肠段的表达规律。试验测定90和300日龄公番鸭体重与小肠形态发育,采用RT-PCR比较氨基酸转运载体相关基因SLC1A1、SLC1A4、SLC7A1、SLC7A5和SLC7A9在90和300日龄公番鸭小肠不同肠段的表达量,并进行高、低体重组300日龄公番鸭回肠氨基酸转运载体相关基因表达的验证试验。结果显示：除回肠绒毛高度外,300日龄番鸭十二指肠、空肠和回肠的肠壁厚度、隐窝深度和绒毛宽度以及十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度均显著高于90日龄（P<0.05）;300日龄番鸭空肠和回肠的肠壁厚度显著高于十二指肠（P<0.05）,90、300日龄番鸭十二指肠的绒毛高度和隐窝深度显著高于空肠和回肠（P<0.05）;300日龄番鸭十二指肠和空肠SLC1A1 mRNA表达量、十二指肠和回肠SLC7A5 mRNA表达量以及十二指肠、空肠和回肠SLC7A9 mRNA表达量均显著高于90日龄（P<0.05）;300日龄番鸭回肠SLC1A1、SLC1A4、SLC7A5和SLC7A9 mRNA表达量显著高于空肠和十二指肠（P<0.05）;... 相似文献
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《中国畜牧杂志》2015,(15)
为研究不同纤维源日粮对吉林白鹅生产性能和小肠发育的影响,选用21日龄吉林白鹅64只,随机分成2组,每组4个重复,每个重复8只,分别饲喂玉米秸秆和黑麦草目粮,饲养4周。结果表明:在饲粮代谢能和粗蛋白水平相同条件下,黑麦草组吉林白鹅饲料增重比显著低于玉米秸秆组(P0.05),39、46、53日龄黑麦草组十二指肠绒毛高度显著高于玉米秸秆组(P0.05),且在39日龄时,黑麦草秆组十二指肠隐窝深度和肌层厚度均显著高于玉米秸秆组(P0.05),两处理组空肠和回肠隐窝深度与肌层厚度差异不显著(P0.05)。结果提示,与玉米秸秆日粮相比,黑麦草日粮饲喂吉林白鹅可获得较好的生产性能,其可通过调节小肠绒毛高度、隐窝深度和肌层厚度进而影响十二指肠的发育。 相似文献
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Meschan EM Peham C Schobesberger H Licka TF 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2007,173(3):578-584
As there is no statistical evidence that saddle fit influences the load exerted on a horse's back, this study was performed to assess the hypothesis that the width of the tree significantly alters the pressure distribution on the back beneath the saddle. Nineteen sound horses were ridden at walk and trot on a treadmill with three saddles differing only in tree width. Kinetic data were recorded by a sensor mat. A minimum of 14 motion cycles were used in each trial. The saddles were classified into four groups depending on fit. For each horse, the saddle with the lowest overall force (LOF) was determined. Saddles were classified as "too-narrow" if they were one size (2 cm) narrower than the LOF saddle, and "too-wide" if they were one size (2 cm) wider than the LOF saddle. Saddles two sizes wider than LOF saddles were classified as "very-wide". In the group of narrow saddles, the pressure in the caudal third (walk 0.63 N/cm(2)+/-0.10; trot 1.08 N/cm(2)+/-0.26) was significantly higher compared to the LOF saddles (walk 0.50 N/cm(2)+/-0.09; trot 0.86 N/cm(2)+/-0.28). In the middle transversal third, the pressure of the wide saddles (walk 0.73 N/cm(2)+/-0.06; trot 1.52 N/cm(2)+/-0.19) and very-wide saddles (walk 0.77 N/cm(2)+/-0.06; trot 1.57 N/cm(2)+/-0.19) was significantly higher compared to LOF saddles (walk 0.65 N/cm(2)+/-0.10/ 0.63 N/cm(2)+/-0.11; trot 1.33 N/cm(2)+/-0.22/1.27 N/cm(2)+/-0.20). This study demonstrates that the load under poorly fitting saddles is distributed over a smaller area than under properly fitting saddles, leading to potentially harmful pressures peaks. 相似文献
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M. Masko M. Domino K. Skierbiszewska Ł. Zdrojkowski T. Jasinski Z. Gajewski 《Equine Veterinary Education》2020,32(12):654-663
Complications in late gestation are challenging problems for the equine clinician and are causes of considerable distress to owners. Health problems in a pregnant mare in each stage of gestation can adversely affect the pregnancy. It is important to obtain a thorough history and perform a detailed and systematic examination of the pregnant mare so that the mare may be classified as normal or high-risk. However, even after a thorough examination, practitioners may face problems with the interpretation and assessment of risk. Normal mares should foal in the stable or pasture. Mares classified as having a high-risk pregnancy need to be monitored precisely for signs of oncoming foaling with attendance of trained personnel when labour begins. A valuable method for monitoring of the high-risk mare is assessing fetoplacental well-being. Fetoplacental well-being is most accurately assessed with ultrasonography as well as several available hormone profiles. We are proposing our scoring system of the mare's health, which may be useful in the assessment of risk during pregnancy and help clinicians to decide whether sending the mare to the clinic is reasonable or unnecessary. 相似文献
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Webbon P 《Equine veterinary journal》2012,44(1):8-12
The understanding and application of genetics have grown extremely quickly since it has become possible to sequence the whole genome of an organism. The human genome sequence was completed in 2001 and that of the horse in 2007. The significance of this is that it makes it more feasible to explain how both genetically simple and complex traits are transmitted from one generation to the next and, therefore, to make informed breeding decisions, modify how horses are managed and trained to minimise the risk of disease and injury, and improve methods of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of many conditions. The science of genetics/genomics will continue to grow internationally, limited only by the funds available. The application of the science to man, horses and other species raises very complex moral and commercial issues. Thoroughbred breeders are perceived by some as resistant to change, but their apparent intransigence is often based on a genuine concern for the integrity of the breed. By taking control of the application of the advances in genetics, the Thoroughbred industry potentially has the opportunity to improve both the health and performance of Thoroughbreds. If, however, the science is applied in an uncoordinated manner, driven by commercial interests with no underlying concern for the horses themselves, there is a very real risk that breeders, the Thoroughbred breed and individual horses will all suffer as a consequence. 相似文献
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为了找出支配鸡胆囊交感节后神经元的分布规律,选用体重1.5 kg～2.5 kg的成年母鸡6只,将CT-HRP溶液注入胆囊壁,动物存活3 d～4 d后,经左心室灌流固定,取内脏神经节、肾上腺神经节以及双侧胸、腰和荐段交感干神经节,制成50 μm的连续冰冻切片,TMB法呈色反应,置明视野显微镜下观片统计.结果发现,支配鸡胆囊的交感传出神经元胞体位于内脏神经节(占41.1%)、肾上腺神经节(占40.5%)和T2～T7交感干神经节(占18.4%),在交感干神经节中标记细胞的峰值位于T5、T6交感干神经节.所有的标记细胞以位于右侧的占优势. 相似文献
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犊牛腹泻与肠道菌群的变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文检测腹泻犊牛的直肠内8种主要正常菌群的变化,并与健康犊牛进行对比。结果发现,犊牛腹泻时,大肠杆菌、双岐杆菌和乳杆菌变化较大,而其它菌群变化较小。腹泻或将腹泻时,大肠杆菌数增加,双岐杆菌和乳杆菌数下降。腹泻康复或即将康复时,大肠杆菌减少,双岐杆菌、乳杆菌数增加。 相似文献
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试验选择陕北白绒山羊繁育中心羊场的成年健康母羊（怀孕前期）16只,育成母羊13只,育成公羊13只,空腹称重。测定每只羊1d的采食量,计算其摄入的营养成分含量,并与原苏联绒用山羊饲养标准比较,进行饲养水平评价。结果显示,与饲养标准比较,陕北白绒山羊繁育中心羊场的育成母羊代谢能高2．68MJ,粗蛋白低59．29g,钙低3．00g,磷低1．52g;育成公羊代谢能高3．47MJ,粗蛋白低81．92g,钙低4．42g,磷低2．62g;成年母羊代谢能高2．51MJ,粗蛋白低91．33g,钙低3．09g,磷低1．93g。结合羊的体况综合评价饲养水平基本合理,但尚需要按饲养标准增加粗蛋白、钙、磷等营养物质的供给量。 相似文献