共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
本试验旨在研究无氮饲粮中添加不同水平丙酸铬(Cr Pro)对Sprague Dawley(SD)大鼠器官指数、肠道黏膜形态及血清指标的影响。试验选用36只体重均一的断奶雌性SD大鼠,分为3个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复2只鼠。各处理分别饲喂无氮基础饲粮(对照组,含铬0.08 mg/kg)及在基础饲粮上分别添加0.2和1.0 mg/kg Cr(以Cr Pro形式)的试验饲粮,试验期21 d。结果显示:1)饲粮添加0.2 mg/kg的Cr显著提高了大鼠脾脏指数(P0.05)。2)饲粮添加1.0 mg/kg的Cr显著提高了大鼠空肠绒毛高度与隐窝深度的比值(P0.05)。3)与对照组相比,饲粮添加1.0 mg/kg的Cr显著提高了血清白蛋白和尿酸含量(P0.05),饲粮添加0.2 mg/kg Cr显著提高了血清尿酸含量(P0.05)。由此可见,无氮饲粮中补充适量铬对改善大鼠机体免疫器官指数、肠黏膜形态及血清蛋白质代谢有一定的作用。 相似文献
2.
本试验旨在研究不同水平维生素A对青农灰鹅生长性能、血清生化指标及组织中维生素A含量的影响。选用1日龄青农灰鹅200只,随机分为5组,每组4个重复,每个重复10只鹅。各组在玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮中分别添加0、1 500、3 000、6 000和12 000 IU/kg的维生素A。试验期12周。结果表明:1)饲粮添加维生素A能显著提高1～4、5～12周龄青农灰鹅平均日增重和平均日采食量(P<0.05),降低死淘率,但对料重比影响不显著(P>0.05)。2)4周龄时,添加6 000 IU/kg维生素A显著降低了血清尿酸含量(P<0.05),添加3 000和6 000 IU/kg维生素A极显著提高了血清碱性磷酸酶活性(P<0.01),但对血清总蛋白、血糖和尿素氮的含量影响不显著(P>0.05);12周龄时,添加6 000 IU/kg维生素A显著降低血清血糖和尿酸含量(P<0.05),极显著提高了血清碱性磷酸酶活性(P<0.01),但不同水平维生素A对血清总蛋白、尿素氮的含量影响不显著(P>0.05)。3)随着饲粮中维生素A添加水平的提高,血清及肝脏中维生素A含量极显著增加(P<0.01)。由此可见,本试验条件下,以生长性能作为衡量标准,1～4周龄青农灰鹅饲粮维生素A适宜添加水平为8 000 IU/kg,5～12周龄为9 000 IU/kg;以血清生化指标作为衡量标准,1～4、5～12周龄维生素A添加水平均以6 000 IU/kg为宜。 相似文献
3.
1. An experiment lasting for 13 weeks was started at the beginning of week 10 with male turkeys weighing 5.38 kg. The experiment comprised three subsequent periods with adjusted metabolisable energy (ME) and nutrient concentrations from weeks 10 to 13, 14 to 17, and 18 to 22. Seven pens of 12 birds each were allocated to each of 5 treatments. Treatments differed in dietary phosphorus concentration and phytase supplementation (500 U/kg) only. Total phosphorus varied between treatments from 4.9 to 8.0 g/kg (weeks 10 to 13), from 4.4 to 7.5 g/kg (weeks 14 to 17) and from 3.5 to 7.0 g/kg (weeks 18 to 22). Phosphorus concentration was adjusted by different inclusions of monocalcium phosphate. Diets were pelleted and offered ad libitum. 2. A final body weight of, on average, 22.3 kg was achieved at the end of week 22. Body weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion, toe ash, toe phosphorus and toe calcium were not significantly affected by dietary phosphorus concentration. There was no indication of an effect on mortality or on broken or deformed bones. 3. Phosphorus concentrations (g/kg diet) of 5.9, 5.4 and 4.4 without microbial phytase and of 4.9, 4.4 and 3.5 with microbial phytase, respectively, were sufficient in the three periods. As compared with the control, a reduction in phosphorus excretion of turkeys by 0.4 without phytase and by 0.5 with phytase was achieved without negative effects on turkeys. 4. Because the data demonstrate the great potential for a reduction in dietary phosphorus concentration, detailed requirement and availability studies with turkeys should follow. 相似文献
4.
1. Large White male turkeys from a heavy commercial male-line were fed on 16 diets containing 4 concentrations of calcium (6, 10, 14 and 18 g/kg) and available phosphorus (3, 5, 7, 9 g/kg) in a 4 x 4 factorial experiment with three replicates (pens). Turkeys were weighed and food intakes recorded from 4 to 7, 8 to 10 and 11 to 13 weeks of age. 2. The diets containing 6 g/kg calcium and 5, 7 or 9 g/kg available phosphorus concentrations were associated with lower body weighs at 10 and 13 weeks of age. 3. Fewer than 6% of the turkeys had an abnormal gait at 13 weeks of age. 4. The optimum dietary concentrations were 10 g/kg of calcium and 3 g/kg of available phosphorus. It was concluded that these concentrations should be fed at least to 13 weeks of age. 5. Retentions of dietary calcium and phosphorus averaged 300 g/kg of intake. 6. Utilisation of dietary phytate ranged from 5 to 11 g/kg and it is recommended that organic phosphorus should be ignored in the formulation of diets for growing turkeys unless they are supplemented with a phytase enzyme. 相似文献
5.
Role of dietary calcium and available phosphorus in the aetiology of tibial dyschondroplasia in growing turkeys 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
1. Large White male turkeys from a heavy commercial male-line were fed 16 diets containing 4 concentrations of calcium (6, 10, 14 and 18 g/kg) and available phosphorus (3, 5, 7 and 9 g/kg) in a 4 x 4 factorial experiment. There were three replicates (pens) of each treatment and the skeletal health, morphology and mineral status of 4 turkeys from each pen were assessed at 7, 10 and 13 weeks of age. 2. The prevalence of tibial dyschondroplasia increased after 7 weeks of age and was present in 50 and 71% of turkeys respectively at 10 and 13 weeks. The lesion was localised in the caudal aspect of the proximal tibiae. Dietary calcium and available phosphorus did not affect the prevalence of the lesion except in turkeys on the diet containing 6 g calcium/kg, where body weight and the incidence of tibial dyschondroplasia were low. 3. Histological investigation showed no evidence of rachitic changes. 4. Low dietary calcium was associated with lower tibial plateau angles at 10 and 13 weeks of age. Tibial torsion and the angle of rotation were not affected by dietary treatments or age. Tibial torsion and the angle of rotation were not affected by dietary treatments or age. 5. Increasing dietary calcium increased tibial radiodensity, cortical density and the widths of the cortex and proximal tibiotarsus. Radiodensities increased to 10 weeks and were significantly lower at 13 weeks of age. 6. Bone ash, calcium and phosphorus declined with age, particularly between 10 and 13 weeks, whereas bone calcium: phosphorus ratios were not affected by dietary treatment or age. 7. Dietary calcium was positively associated with blood calcium and calcium ion concentrations and was without effect on blood phosphorus. Available phosphorus was associated positively with increased blood phosphorus and lower calcium ion concentrations but had no effect on total calcium. Alkaline phosphatase activity was low at high concentrations of dietary calcium with low available phosphorus and there was higher activity on diets containing low calcium and high available phosphorus. 相似文献
6.
An experiment was conducted to measure the influence of a dietary probiotic on the production performance, the concentrations of cholesterol in the serum and yolk and immune competence in White Leghorn layers from 25 to 72 weeks of age. One hundred and twenty commercial White Leghorn layers, aged 24 weeks, with an average of 62% hen-day egg production, were equally and randomly distributed into three groups, with eight replicates of 5 birds in each. The birds were reared in individual laying cages. They were placed on one of three dietary treatments: basal, or basal with probiotic supplementation at a rate of 100 or 200 mg/kg feed. The addition of probiotic significantly increased the egg production, shell weight, shell thickness and serum calcium, and reduced the concentrations of cholesterol in the serum and yolk. However, no differences in these traits was observed between the groups receiving 100 or 200 mg probiotic. Feed conversion, egg weight, serum phosphorus and serum alkaline phosphatase activity were not influenced by supplementation with probiotic. Antibody production in response to the inoculation of sheep red blood cells and the cutaneous basophilic hypersensitivity (CBH) responses to inoculation with phytohaemagglutinin did not differ significantly among the dietary groups at either 24 or 40 weeks of age. The antibody titre was significantly higher in the groups supplemented with probiotic at 64 weeks of age. The addition of 100 mg/kg of probiotic in the diet significantly increased the CBH response at 64 weeks of age. 相似文献
7.
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平的艾蒿水提物对肉仔鸡血清细胞因子含量及小肠诱导型一氧化氮合成酶(i NOS)mRNA表达量的影响。选取192只健康的1日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡,随机分为4个组,每组6个重复,每个重复8只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加500、1 000、2 000 mg/kg艾蒿水提物的试验饲粮。试验期42 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,21日龄时,2 000 mg/kg添加组的血清白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-2(IL-2)和白细胞介素-4(IL-4)的含量显著升高(P0.05),500 mg/kg添加组的血清IL-4含量和1 000 mg/kg添加组的血清IL-2含量极显著升高(P0.01);42日龄时,500 mg/kg添加组的血清IL-2含量显著升高(P0.05)。2)与对照组相比,21日龄时,500 mg/kg添加组的血清一氧化氮(NO)含量和i NOS活性及十二指肠、空肠和回肠的i NOS mRNA表达量差异不显著(P0.05),1 000 mg/kg添加组的血清NO含量和回肠i NOS mRNA表达量显著升高(P0.05),2 000 mg/kg添加组的回肠i NOS mRNA表达量极显著升高(P0.01);42日龄时,500、1 000和2 000 mg/kg添加组血清NO含量和i NOS活性及空肠i NOS mRNA表达量显著或极显著升高(P0.05或P0.01)。由此可见,饲粮中添加艾蒿水提物可以促进肉仔鸡免疫细胞因子的分泌和NO的生成,且与i NOS mRNA的表达增强有关。 相似文献
8.
1. The effects of supplementary beta-carotene (BC) at 0, 1.5, 15, 150, 1500 or 15,000 mg/kg diet on performance, incidence of leg problems, tibia ash, and plasma and liver concentration of BC and retinol of poults to 4 weeks of age were studied. 2. Body weight and food intake increased with dietary BC supplementation. Incidence of leg problems was not affected but tibia ash increased with BC supplementation. Plasma and liver BC and liver retinol increased with dietary BC but plasma retinol was not affected. 3. The effects of 0, 1.5, 15 or 150 mg BC/kg in diets containing either 30 or 60 g added fat/kg and either 1.2 or 12.0 mg retinol/kg on the above properties were studied in poults to 4 weeks of age. 4. Performance was not significantly affected by dietary fat. Efficiency of utilisation of food was depressed by the higher concentration of retinol. At 3 weeks of age birds given BC had fewer leg problems and higher tibia ash values than the control birds. Liver BC and retinol and plasma BC concentration increased with dietary BC. By 4 weeks, plasma and liver BC was higher and liver retinol was lower for birds given 1.2 compared with those given 12.0 mg/kg of retinol. 相似文献
9.
The influence of dietary boron (B) supplementation on some serum parameters and egg-yolk cholesterol was studied in laying hens. A total of 224 eighteen-week-old hens of the Hyline Brown 98 strain were assigned to 7 groups with 4 replicates of 8 hens each after 10 days of adaptation, and they were fed commercial diets supplemented with 0, 5, 10, 50, 100, 200 or 400 mg/kg (diet) B (H3BO3) for 8 weeks. Serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) activity, albumin, glucose, total cholesterol, HDL- and LDL-cholesterol levels were decreased with all B levels. Except in the group receiving 5 mg/kg B supplementation, decreases were found in serum triglycerides in all groups. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity was decreased in the groups receiving 100 mg/kg or higher levels of B. All levels of B supplementation increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity at weeks 21 and 22, while 10 mg/kg or higher levels of B increased serum globulin, urea and egg-yolk cholesterol levels. The results demonstrate that B supplementation at levels exceeding 5 mg/kg affects serum biochemical parameters and increases egg-yolk cholesterol in laying hens. 相似文献
10.
本试验研究饲料不同水平吡啶甲酸铬对其生长、饲料利用,体成分、血液生化指标和非特异性免疫功能的影响。600尾吉富罗非鱼分为5个处理组,每个处理各设4个重复,每重复30尾鱼。每个处理铬添加量分别为0、0.4、0.8、1.2 mg/kg和10.0 mg/kg,在0.38 m3玻璃纤维钢桶中用开放式流水养殖,饲养8周。结果表明,饲料中添加吡啶甲酸铬对吉富罗非鱼的增重率、特异生长率、饲料系数、蛋白效率及蛋白质沉积率均有显著影响(P<0.05)。当铬添加量为0～0.8 mg/kg时,随着添加量增加,可显著提高吉富罗非鱼增重率、特定生长率、蛋白质效率和蛋白质沉积率(P<0.05),显著降低饲料系数(P<0.05),但对成活率和肝体比无显著影响(P>0.05);当饲料中添加为1.2 mg/kg～10.0 mg/kg时并未能进一步提高罗非鱼的生长和饲料利用。同时,铬添加水平为0～0.8 mg/kg,随着添加水平增加,显著提高吉富罗非鱼全鱼的蛋白质和磷含量(P<0.05),显著降低全鱼水分、脂肪和灰分含量(P<0.05),并显著提高吉富罗非鱼血清总蛋白含量以及肝胰脏AKP、ACP和LZM的活性(P<0.05),显著降低血清葡萄糖含量(P<0.05),但对血清胆固醇和甘油三酯含量及肝胰脏T-SOD活性无显著影响(P>0.05)。当饲料中添加铬1.2 mg/kg和10.0 mg/kg,除了显著降低肝胰脏AKP活性外(P<0.05),对血清生化指标和肝胰脏非特异性免疫酶活性无显著影响(P>0.05)。综合生长、饲料利用、体组成成分、血液生化指标和肝胰脏非特异性免疫酶活性的影响结果表明,对于0.91～4.93 g吉富罗非鱼,饲料中以吡啶甲酸铬的形式添加0.8～1.2 mg/kg铬为宜。 相似文献
11.
本试验旨在研究饲粮添加不同水平苜蓿粗多糖对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质的影响。选取540只27周龄的海兰褐壳蛋鸡,随机分为6组,每组6个重复,每个重复15只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加250、500、1 000、2 000和4 000 mg/kg苜蓿粗多糖的试验饲粮。试验期24周。结果表明:与对照组相比,1)试验1~8周,500、2 000和4 000 mg/kg苜蓿粗多糖添加组产蛋率均显著提高(P0.05);试验9~16周、17~24周和1~24周,250、500、1 000和2 000 mg/kg苜蓿粗多糖添加组产蛋率显著提高(P0.05),料蛋比显著降低(P0.05),且在试验17~24周和1~24周,总产蛋重量显著提高(P0.05),而平均蛋重和采食量无显著差异(P0.05);2)250、500和1 000 mg/kg苜蓿粗多糖添加组在试验第6、8、12、16、20和24周蛋壳颜色显著加深(P0.05),且在试验第8、12、16周较4 000 mg/kg苜蓿粗多糖添加组蛋壳颜色亦显著加深(P0.05);3)2 000 mg/kg苜蓿粗多糖添加组在试验第6、20、24周蛋壳强度显著提高(P0.05);4)试验第8、12、16、20和24周,250、500、1 000和2 000mg/kg苜蓿粗多糖添加组蛋壳厚度显著增加(P0.05),且4 000 mg/kg苜蓿粗多糖添加组在试验第8、20、24周蛋壳厚度亦显著增加(P0.05);5)2 000 mg/kg苜蓿粗多糖添加组在试验第10、12和24周蛋白高度和哈夫单位显著提高(P0.05),且2 000 mg/kg苜蓿粗多糖添加组在试验第10和12周蛋白高度和哈夫单位显著高于250、1 000和4 000 mg/kg苜蓿粗多糖添加组(P0.05)。试验表明,产蛋期蛋鸡饲粮中添加适宜水平的苜蓿粗多糖可以显著提高蛋鸡生产性能,改善蛋品质,且推荐适宜添加水平为250 mg/kg。 相似文献
12.
Floor pen studies were conducted, with broilers from 1 to 7 wk of age and with turkeys from 1 to 14 wk of age, to evaluate the chronic effects of moniliformin (M). Fusarium fujikuroi (M-1214) culture material was added to typical corn-soybean basal diets to supply 0, 25, or 50 mg M/kg diet (broilers) or 0, 12.5, 25, 37.5, or 50 mg M/kg diet (turkeys). Compared with controls, chicks fed diets containing 50 mg M/kg consumed more feed, had lower body weight gain, were less efficient in converting feed to body weight gain, and had increased relative heart and proventriculus weights. Chicks fed the diet containing 50 mg M/kg also had significantly higher mortality and decreased mean corpuscular volumes compared with controls. Broilers fed 25 and 50 mg M/kg also had increased serum gamma glutamyltransferase activities. Feed intake, body weight gain, and feed conversion of turkeys fed dietary M were not affected. At 6 and 14 wk, turkeys fed 25, 37.5, or 50 mg M/kg diet had increased (P < 0.05) relative heart weights when compared with controls. At week 14, turkeys fed diets containing 37.5 or 50 mg M/kg also had increased (P < 0.05) relative liver weights compared with turkeys fed 0, 12.5, or 25 mg M/kg diet. Lesions, observed only in the hearts of broilers and turkeys fed 50 mg M/kg, were loss of cardiomyocyte cross striations, increased cardiomyocyte nuclear size, and an increased number of cardiomyocyte mitotic figures (turkeys only). Results indicate that > or = 37.5 mg M/kg is hepatoxic and > or = 25 mg M/kg is cardiotoxic to turkeys and 50 mg M/kg diet is toxic to broilers fed to market age. 相似文献
13.
本试验旨在研究饲粮铁添加水平对1~4周龄五龙鹅生产性能、造血功能和铁代谢的影响,以确定鹅饲粮铁的适宜添加水平。试验选用1日龄五龙鹅360只,随机分为6个组,每个组6个重复,每个重复10只。Ⅰ组为对照组,饲喂基础饲粮,Ⅱ~Ⅴ组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加40、80、120、160、200 mg/kg铁的试验饲粮。试验期4周。结果表明,与对照组相比:1)饲粮中添加80~120 mg/kg铁能显著或极显著增加五龙鹅的体重和平均日增重(P0.05或P0.01),显著降低料重比(P0.05);2)饲粮中添加80~120 mg/kg铁显著提高了鹅的屠宰率、半净膛率和腿肌率(P0.05);3)饲粮中添加80 mg/kg铁显著提高了鹅血液的平均红细胞体积和平均红细胞血红蛋白含量(P0.05),饲粮中添加80~200 mg/kg铁显著提高了鹅血液的红细胞数和血红蛋白浓度(P0.05),饲粮中添加120~200 mg/kg铁显著或极显著提高了鹅血液的红细胞压积(P0.05或P0.01);4)饲粮中添加160~200 mg/kg铁显著降低了鹅血清中总铁结合力(P0.05),显著提高鹅血清中转铁蛋白饱和度(P0.05);饲粮中添加120 mg/kg铁显著降低了鹅血清中尿素氮和肌酐含量(P0.05),饲粮中添加80 mg/kg铁显著降低了鹅血清中尿酸含量(P0.05)。由此可见,以最佳生长性能为目标,1~4周龄五龙鹅饲粮中铁的适宜添加水平为99.56~116.91 mg/kg。 相似文献
14.
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平的低分子质量(1 000 u)壳寡糖对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、血清生化指标、盲肠微生物数量以及脾脏白细胞介素-2(IL-2)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)基因表达的影响。选取体重和产蛋率相近的58周龄海兰褐壳蛋鸡600只,随机分为4组,每组5个重复,每个重复30只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加300、600、900 mg/kg壳寡糖的试验饲粮。预试期为7 d,正试期为42 d。结果表明:1)添加300、600和900 mg/kg壳寡糖组的产蛋率分别比对照组提高了4.52%(P0.05)、2.99%(P0.05)和4.08%(P0.05)。2)试验第3、6周末,添加600和900 mg/kg壳寡糖组的鸡蛋哈夫单位分别比对照组提高了6.87%、6.69%和6.47%、6.60%(P0.05)。3)与对照组相比,饲粮添加600、900 mg/kg壳寡糖显著降低了血清葡萄糖、胆固醇含量和谷草转氨酶活性(P0.05)。4)与对照组相比,饲粮添加600、900 mg/kg壳寡糖显著提高了盲肠双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌的数量(P0.05),显著降低了盲肠金黄色葡萄球菌的数量(P0.05)。5)与对照组相比,饲粮添加300、600 mg/kg壳寡糖显著提高了脾脏IL-2 m RNA表达水平(P0.05),饲粮添加600 mg/kg壳寡糖显著提高了脾脏TNF-αm RNA表达水平(P0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加不同水平的壳寡糖,提高了蛋鸡的产蛋率和哈夫单位,调节了肠道微生物菌群,增强了蛋鸡的免疫力,适宜壳寡糖添加水平为600 mg/kg。 相似文献
15.
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加高剂量蛋氨酸锌对蛋鸡生产性能、血液学指标和组织病理学的影响,以确定蛋鸡对饲用蛋氨酸锌的耐受剂量。试验采用单因子完全随机设计,选择健康且体重和产蛋率相近的20周龄海兰白蛋鸡540只,随机分成6个组,每个组6个重复,每个重复15只鸡。各组分别饲喂蛋氨酸锌添加水平为0(对照)、70(有效剂量)、140(2倍有效剂量)、350(5倍有效剂量)、700(10倍有效剂量)和1 400 mg/kg(20倍有效剂量)的试验饲粮。试验为期8周。结果显示:1)与对照组相比,70 mg/kg组、140 mg/kg组日产蛋重和产蛋率显著提高(P0.05),料蛋比显著降低(P0.05);350 mg/kg组、700 mg/kg组上述指标与对照组差异不显著(P0.05);与0~700 mg/kg组相比,1 400 mg/kg组日产蛋重和产蛋率极显著降低(P0.01),料蛋比极显著提高(P0.01)。2)饲粮中添加蛋氨酸锌对蛋鸡血液常规指标无显著影响(P0.05)。3)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加70~700 mg/kg蛋氨酸锌对蛋鸡血清生化指标无显著影响(P0.05),但添加1 400 mg/kg蛋氨酸锌极显著提高了血清葡萄糖、尿酸、肌酐、总胆红素含量以及谷草转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶活性(P0.01)。4)添加20倍推荐有效剂量(1 400 mg/kg)的蛋氨酸锌会引起主要器官组织的损伤和病变。结果提示,蛋鸡饲粮中蛋氨酸锌的耐受剂量为700mg/kg。 相似文献
16.
本试验旨在研究饲粮中维生素K3添加水平对五龙鹅生长性能、屠宰性能及养分表观利用率的影响。试验分为2个阶段。1~4周龄阶段,选用1日龄五龙鹅360只,随机分为6个组,每个组6个重复,每个重复10只鹅。Ⅰ组为对照组,饲喂基础饲粮(维生素K3含量1.23 mg/kg),Ⅱ~Ⅵ组在基础饲粮中分别添加1、2、4、8、16 mg/kg的维生素K3。5~16周龄阶段,选用28日龄五龙鹅324只,随机分为6个组,每个组6个重复,每个重复9只鹅。A组为对照组,饲喂基础饲粮(维生素K3含量1.18 mg/kg),B~F组在基础饲粮中分别添加2、4、8、16、32 mg/kg的维生素K3。试验期16周。结果表明:1)经回归分析得出,1~4周龄阶段五龙鹅饲粮中添加4.81 mg/kg维生素K3,平均日增重最大;5~16周龄阶段饲粮中添加11.59 mg/kg维生素K3,平均日增重最大。2)与对照组相比,1~4周龄阶段,饲粮中添加4 mg/kg维生素K3能显著或极显著提高鹅的全净膛率和腹脂率(P0.05或P0.01);5~16周龄阶段,饲粮中添加8 mg/kg维生素K3能显著或极显著提高屠宰率、半净膛率、全净膛率和腿肌率(P0.05或P0.01)。3)与对照组相比,5~16周龄阶段,饲粮中添加8 mg/kg维生素K3能极显著提高钙的表观利用率(P0.01),显著提高干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维和磷的表观利用率(P0.05)。由此可见,本试验条件下,1~4周龄和5~16周龄五龙鹅饲粮中维生素K3适宜添加水平分别为4.81和11.59 mg/kg。 相似文献
17.
本试验旨在研究饲粮添加不同水平叶酸对超早期断奶宫内发育迟缓(IUGR)仔猪肝脏结构和细胞凋亡相关基因表达的影响。选取24头14日龄断奶、平均体重(2.79±0.34)kg的"杜×长×大"三元杂交仔公猪,随机分为3个处理,分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0、5和10 mg/kg叶酸的试验饲粮,每个处理8个重复,每个重复1头猪。试验期21 d。结果表明:1)饲粮添加叶酸对35日龄仔猪血清葡萄糖浓度无显著影响(P>0.05),添加5和10 mg/kg叶酸分别显著(P<0.05)和极显著(P<0.01)降低了血清甘油三酯浓度。2)饲粮添加5 mg/kg叶酸能显著降低肝细胞直径(P<0.05)。3)饲粮添加5 mg/kg叶酸显著提高了肝脏B细胞淋巴瘤蛋白2(Bcl-2)的基因表达量(P<0.05),极显著降低了Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bax)和促凋亡相关基因肿瘤蛋白53(p53)的基因表达量(P<0.01);饲粮添加10 mg/kg叶酸,Bax和p53的基因表达量分别极显著(P<0.01)和显著(P<0.05)地降低了。4)饲粮添加叶酸对肝脏毛细血管扩张性共济失调症突变基因(ATM)、脱嘌呤嘧啶核酸内切酶1(APE-1)基因和一碳单位代谢关键酶编码基因的表达无显著影响(P>0.05)。结果提示,饲粮补充一定水平的叶酸有助于改善早期断奶IUGR仔猪35日龄时肝脏结构和细胞凋亡相关基因Bcl-2、Bax和p53的表达;本试验条件下,饲粮添加5 mg/kg叶酸效果较好。 相似文献
18.
1. Growth performance, serum bone markers, and bone strength and mineralisation were determined in tom turkeys grown from 9 to 17 weeks of age. 2. Dietary non-phytate phosphorus was formulated to be reduced by 1.0 g/kg in the low phosphorus diet compared to a control diet and phytase was added to provide 0, 150, 300, 450 or 600 units/kg activity to the low phosphorus diet. 3. From 9 to 12 weeks of age, body weight and gain:food were reduced by the low phosphorus diet without added phytase, compared to the adequate phosphorus diet. Increasing the concentration of phytase linearly increased these growth parameters. There were no significant growth responses at 17 weeks of age. 4. Serum osteocalcin was reduced by increasing dietary phosphorus at 12 weeks of age when growth was affected, but not at later ages. Serum pyridinoline was reduced by higher dietary phosphorus and decreased linearly with increasing phytase activity at 17 weeks of age. 5. Fracture force of the ulna and femur increased linearly with increasing phytase activity but bone strength was not affected when corrected for bone cross-sectional area. Bone strength of the ulna and ash concentration of the ulna and tibia were increased by higher dietary phosphorus. Humerus and ulna ash increased linearly with increasing phytase activity. 6. Water-soluble phosphorus content of the litter was increased by higher dietary phosphorus and addition of phytase to the low phosphorus diet. The increase in water-soluble phosphorus content of the litter when phytase was fed may indicate that phosphorus could be fed at a lower concentration than used in this trial, at least in the finisher diet when phytase is added to the food. 7. Bone fracture force, strength and ash were generally optimised when 450 units/kg phytase activity was added to the low phosphorus diet. However, growth performance was best in the grower I (9 to 12 weeks) phase when 600 units/kg phytase was added to the diet. 相似文献
19.
硒和铬对蛋鸡脂质代谢及鸡蛋硒含量的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本试验旨在研究在蛋鸡日粮中添加酵母硒和吡啶羧酸铬及其互作对蛋鸡生产性能、脂质代谢及鸡蛋品质的影响.选用320只45周龄海赛克斯蛋鸡随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复20只鸡,在基础口粮中分别添加0 mg/kg吡啶羧酸铬(Ⅰ组)、0.4 mg/kg吡啶羧酸铬(Ⅱ组)、0.5 mg/kg酵母硒(Ⅲ组)、0.4 mg/kg吡啶羧酸铬+0.5 mg/kg酵母硒(Ⅳ组),预饲1周,试验从46周龄持续到50周龄,试验期5周(35 d).结果表明,Ⅲ、Ⅳ组产蛋率极显著提高,料蛋比极显著降低(P<0.01).Ⅱ、Ⅳ组血清总胆固醇含量极显著降低(P<0.01),Ⅲ、Ⅳ组血清高密度胆固醇含量极显著升高(P<0.01).Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组蛋黄中的胆固醇含量与Ⅰ组差异极显著(P<0.01).Ⅲ、Ⅳ组与Ⅰ、Ⅱ组相比,鸡蛋硒含量极显著升高(P<0.01).Ⅲ、Ⅳ组在试验开始到第2周末鸡蛋硒含量极显著升高(P<0.01),从第2周末到第5周末,硒含量基本稳定,4个组均进入平台期.结果显示,吡啶羧酸铬极显著降低了血清及蛋黄中的胆固醇含量.酵母硒极显著提高了产蛋率,降低了料蛋比,并降低了蛋黄中胆固醇含量,提高了鸡蛋中的硒含量.同时添加吡啶羧酸铬和酵母硒极显著提高了产蛋率,降低了料蛋比,并降低了血清及蛋黄中的胆固醇含量,提高了血清中高密度胆同醇含量和鸡蛋中的硒含量. 相似文献
20.
本试验通过研究饲粮铁水平对山麻鸭产蛋性能、蛋品质及肝脏和血液指标的影响,旨在探讨产蛋期(17~30周龄)蛋鸭对饲粮铁的需要量。选用15周龄的山麻鸭432羽,随机分为6个组,每组6个重复,每个重复12羽,单笼饲养。试验蛋鸭饲喂不添加铁的基础饲粮(含铁52.2 mg/kg)2周后,分别在基础饲粮中添加0、15、30、45、60、75 mg/kg的一水合硫酸亚铁(FeSO_4·H_2O),试验饲粮铁水平分别为52.2、67.2、82.2、97.2、112.2和127.2 mg/kg。试验期14周。结果表明:1)产蛋初期(17~18周龄),随着饲粮铁水平的提高,平均蛋重先升高后降低,其中饲粮铁水平为67.2、82.2和97.2 mg/kg组的平均蛋重显著高于112.2 mg/kg组(P0.05)。产蛋高峰期(19~30周龄)和试验全期(17~30周龄),饲粮铁水平对蛋鸭日采食量、产蛋率、平均蛋重、日产蛋重和料蛋比均无显著影响(P0.05)。2)随着饲粮铁水平的提高,蛋黄色泽呈先升高后下降趋势,饲粮铁水平为97.2 mg/kg组蛋黄色泽最高。3)肝脏铁含量随饲粮铁水平的提高而呈上升趋势,其中饲粮铁水平为127.2 mg/kg组的铁含量显著高于52.2 mg/kg组(P0.05)。4)随着饲粮铁水平的提高,肝脏过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性呈先升高后下降趋势,其中饲粮铁水平为67.2 mg/kg组CAT活性显著高于97.2、112.2和127.2 mg/kg组(P0.05)。饲粮铁水平对肝脏琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)活性无显著影响(P0.05)。5)血红蛋白浓度和红细胞压积随饲粮铁水平的提高而上升;饲粮铁水平为97.2、112.2和127.2 mg/kg组的血红蛋白浓度显著高于52.2 mg/kg组(P0.05),饲粮铁水平为112.2和127.2 mg/kg组的红细胞压积显著高于52.2 mg/kg组(P0.05)。6)以平均蛋重为指标,通过二次曲线模型的回归方程可获得产蛋初期山麻鸭饲粮适宜铁水平为73.9 mg/kg。综合考虑,建议产蛋初期山麻鸭饲粮铁水平为73.9 mg/kg,产蛋高峰期为52.2 mg/kg。 相似文献