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富营养水体修复植物种质筛选的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
富营养水体的修复是当今的一个重要问题,本研究利用水体自身变化作对照,以沉水植物金鱼藻、菹草、黑藻和铁皇冠为研究对象,通过分析植物对水体中的总磷、磷酸盐、氨氮和高锰酸钾指数等指标的变化,研究不同植物对水的修复能力,筛选可利用的植物种质资源。结果表明:金鱼藻、黑藻和铁皇冠对总磷和磷酸盐都有较好的去除能力,对总磷去除率最高的是金鱼藻;降低水体中氨氮元素以黑藻和混合植物组效果最好;对高锰酸钾指数的修复能力,各种水草都不高,需要进一步研究。这些结果为富营养水体修复和治理提供了可供选择的植物资源。 相似文献
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<正>近年来,随着旅游风景区的改造和生态湿地的保护,水生植物的生态、造景功能得到越来越多的关注,在现代园林城市环境建设、生态环境绿化和居住区水景中的应用日趋广泛,成为园林景观中必不可少的材料。种类与特性水生植物是指生长在水中、水畔或潮湿土壤中的植物,包括草本和木本植物。我国高等水生植物有300多种,在园林绿化中常用的有100多种,根据不同的形态和生态习性分为沉水植物、漂浮植物、浮叶植物、挺水植物、滨水植物5大类。沉水植物常见植物有苦草、金鱼藻、水车前、黑藻等。苦草为多年生无茎沉水草本,生于溪沟、河流、池塘、湖泊,生长适宜范围广,喜温暖阳光充足的环境,水深控 相似文献
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水体营养水平对3种沉水植物吸收磷的影响 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
为了研究太湖3种沉水植物对磷的吸收特性,在室内模拟条件下,研究了3种沉水植物轮叶黑藻、金鱼藻和伊乐藻在寡、富和超富3种营养水平条件下和不同光照条件下对无机磷吸收效果的影响。结果表明：在自然光照条件下,3种沉水植物对不同营养水平水体中活性磷均有一定的去除能力,且3种沉水植物间的去除能力具有一定的差异,去除能力表现为：金鱼藻>轮叶黑藻>伊乐藻;同种植物在不同营养水平下,去除磷能力不同,轮叶黑藻和伊乐藻在寡营养水质下对活性磷去除效果最强,不同营养水质下活性磷的去除能力表现为：寡营养>富营养>超富营养;而金鱼藻的去除能力表现为：富营养>寡营养>超富营养。与自然光照条件比较而言,3种沉水植物对活性磷的吸收作用能力减弱,这表明光照影响3种沉水植物对活性磷的吸收。 相似文献
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周期性淹水对消落区水土环境的影响及控制对策 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
三峡库区消落区生态脆弱,在水土交互作用下消落区土壤母岩风化成土进度加快、土壤侵蚀加剧、土壤氮磷等营养物质及重金属大量溶出,其中N、P、COD和重金属是主要的溶出因子,淹没的耕地是主要的污染源。成库初期消落区生态脆弱性增强、水土流失加剧、地质灾难增加、岸边污染加重,尤其在水流缓慢的库湾将会出现局部的富营养化现象;随着消落区稳定的库岸湿地生态系统的形成,水土耦合呈现正的环境效应。为了尽快构建健康的消落区生态系统,防止三峡库区消落区水土环境的退化,必须加强和发挥政府宏观调控职能、建立消落区土地保护区域、推广复合生态技术并做好库区污染防治与修复工作。 相似文献
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《中国农学通报》2019,(12)
为了在进行滨海及盐碱地湿地修复时筛选出耐盐的沉水植物,笔者研究了苦草、轮叶黑藻、金鱼藻、穗花狐尾藻、篦齿眼子菜、小茨藻6种常用沉水植物的耐盐性及4项生理指标。在室内模拟条件下,分别用不同浓度的NaCl溶液对6种沉水植物进行盐分胁迫,每周进行盐害症状的观测,并测定叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b、脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白及丙二醛的含量。结果表明,在6种沉水植物中,耐盐性为:小茨藻篦齿眼子菜金鱼藻苦草、轮叶黑藻穗花狐尾藻。其中,小茨藻和篦齿眼子菜能在盐度为15‰和8‰的盐胁迫条件下存活。金鱼藻的最高耐受盐度为6‰,苦草和轮叶黑藻的盐度胁迫能力较弱均为4‰,穗花狐尾藻的盐度胁迫能力最弱,仅为2‰。该试验为沿海及盐碱化地区的水生态系统修复提供理论依据,为项目工程实践及沉水植物的抗盐生理学研究奠定基础。 相似文献
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[目的]为了在进行滨海及盐碱地湿地修复时筛选出耐盐的沉水植物,本文研究了六种常用沉水植物,苦草、轮叶黑藻、金鱼藻、穗花狐尾藻、篦齿眼子菜、小茨藻的耐盐性及四项生理指标。[方法]在室内模拟条件下,分别用不同浓度的NaCl溶液对六种沉水植物进行盐分胁迫,每周进行盐害症状的观测,并测定叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b、脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白及丙二醛的含量。[结果]结果表明,在六种沉水植物中,耐盐性为小茨藻>篦齿眼子菜>金鱼藻>苦草、轮叶黑藻>穗花狐尾藻。其中小茨藻和篦齿眼子菜能在盐度为15‰和8‰的盐胁迫条件下存活。金鱼藻的最高耐受盐度为6‰,苦草和轮叶黑藻的盐度胁迫能力较弱均为4‰,穗花狐尾藻的盐度胁迫能力最弱,仅为2‰。[结论]该实验为沿海及盐碱化地区的水生态系统修复提供理论依据,为项目工程实践及沉水植物的抗盐生理学研究奠定基础。 相似文献
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三峡库区消落带不同垂直高程土壤重金属污染调查与评价 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为了揭示三峡库区消落区不同垂直高程土壤重金属污染状况,笔者通过对三峡库区消落带不同垂直高程（145~155、155~165、165~175 m）土壤样品的分析,结果表明三峡库区消落带土壤重金属污染以As、Cd为主,Hg、Pb污染程度相对轻微。从长寿到巴东,即从库区的上游到下游,重金属含量普遍呈下降趋势。综合评价结果表明：三峡库区9个区县消落带中,除涪陵的3个垂直高程土壤重金属超过背景值,处于轻度污染状态,其余区县的3个垂直高程土壤重金属处于警戒线以下,土壤未受污染。总体来说,长寿、涪陵地区消落带土壤受重金属污染,控制污染源是防止消落带土壤重金属含量增加的有效方法。 相似文献
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The eutrophication of water body will destroy the balance of ecological environment.To determine the total nitrogen content in water body exactly,is one of the most important evaluating indicators that whether the water body has been polluted by eutrophication or not.After the foundation of the Three Gorges Reservoir,current velocity lowers and it may result in the eutrophication of water body.In terms of the Lambert-Beer Law,the authors adopt potassium sulpersulphate oxidation-ultraviolet spectrophotometry to determine the total nitrogen content in the Three Gorges Reservoir.By analyzing a variety of possible factors,they bring forward a method to determine the total nitrogen which can be used in lab and also have high performance.With this improved method,the authors determine the factual water samples of the Three Gorges Reservoir in the main urban area of Chongqing,and the result is that the total nitrogen content is(0.6~1.0) mg/L,less than the limiting value(2.0 mg/L) in national standard.So the water body of the Three Gorges Reservoir still eutrophication does not take place.So eutrophication does not take place in water body of the Three(Gorges) Reservior. 相似文献
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为评价水丰湖流域沉积物与底质中富营养化和重金属累积的环境风险,于2014年5月（平水期）、8月（丰水期）和11月（冰封期）在水丰湖流域9个采样点中采集沉积物和底质样本,分析沉积物和底质中总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、有机质、锌(Zn)、镉(Cd)、铬(Cr)、铅(Pb)、汞(Hg)、铜(Cu)、镍(Ni)、砷(As)的含量,应用水体底质有机污染评价标准和Hakanson潜在生态风险评价方法对水丰湖富营养化程度和重金属的污染水平进行评估。结果显示,水丰湖流域沉积物和底质的TN含量分别为0.172%和0.167%,大部分点位（17/27和16/27）处于丰富状态,TP的含量分别为0.192%和0.174%,总体（25/27和20/27）处于丰富状态。沉积物、底质的有机质含量平均值分别为29.85、27.87 g/kg,均为较低程度。重金属方面,Hg和Cu的污染较为严重,大部分采样点(7/9)为中等程度污染,且有较高程度的潜在风险。综上,水丰湖流域的沉积物和底质的营养含量较为丰富,个别重金属(Cu、Hg)含量超标,尚未发生重大污染,但需要加强营养物质和重金属累积的管控。 相似文献
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The authors study on condition and mechanism of eutrophication in Three Gorges Reservoir Area(TGRA) in Chongqing,aiming at the importance and complexity of nutrition restrictive factor and eutrophication.By AGP experiment,the nutrition restrictive factors of the Changjiang and Jialing Rivers interjunction is confirmed is confirmed.The experimental results show that: Single nitrogen is not an obvious stimulus to growth of algae,while phosphorus acts as the limiting factor of that;When TN/TP is high,the standing crop of algae is small;when TN/TP is low,the standing crop of algae is large;The concentrate of phosphorus in the water is higher,the effect accelerating algae and increaseing through adding phosphorus is more strong.The experimental results provide us with important parameters to understand the conditions of eutrophication and analyse its mechanism. 相似文献
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Yulin River is the major secondary stream of Three Gorges Reservoir Area. According to the requirement of "The Prevention Plan of Water Pollution in Three Gorges Reservoir Area and the Upper Areas (2001-2010)", the water environment pollution in Yulin River valley should be controlled. In this paper the reason of the water pollution is analyzed through investigation and evaluation on the present situation of Yulin River in North Chongqing area, and then a proposal on the prevention and cure measure of water pollution of Yulin River is presented. 相似文献
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After completion of Three Gorges Reservoir at Yangtze River, protecting and improving the ecological environment of this area is becoming increasingly important factor in comprehensive progress of the economy and society of Chongqing City. The industrial solid wastes are one of the crucial factors influencing the environment quality of Three Gorges Area and they are also the hot and difficult problems influencing the development of economy and society of Chongqing City. At this point, firstly, the discharge, present situation, prospect and development of treatment and utilization of industrial wastes in Chongqing are summarized. Secondly, the experience at home and abroad are analyzed. Then, the way and foreground for recycling the wastes with new technology are also discussed. Finally, countermeasure for treatment and utilization of industrial solid wastes after completion of Three Gorges Reservoir at Yangtze River is brought up. The study on treatment and utilization technology of industrial solid wastes will be beneficial not only to the protection of ecological environment of Three Gorges Area, but to the development of new Chongqing City as well. In a word, it will have great environmental, social and economic benefits. 相似文献
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《Medicinal Plant》2015,(Z1)
Under natural conditions,wild Artemisiae annie in 36 sampling sites of Three Gorges Reservoir Region were researched. Grey correlation analysis of influencing factors of artemisinin content in A. annie was carried out. Results showed that soil alkali-hydrolyzable N and P were the most significant factors affecting artemisinin content in wild A. annie in Three Gorges Reservoir Region. It could be concluded that artemisinin content in A. annie was mainly affected by the soil nutrient. 相似文献