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1.
《中兽医医药杂志》2019,(3)
建立扶正解毒散中淫羊藿苷的薄层鉴别法和含量测定方法;色谱条件:Waters XBrige~(TM)C_(18)柱(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm),以乙腈∶水(30∶70)为流动相;流速1.0 mL/min;柱温30℃;检测波长270 nm;进样体积10μL。该薄层鉴别方法专属性好,无干扰;淫羊藿苷线性回归方程为Y=3E+06X-64 363(r=0.999 7),淫羊藿苷在0.202 2～2.022 0μg范围内线性关系良好,淫羊藿苷的平均回收率为99.98%(RSD=1.3%)。所建立的方法专属性强,方便操作,结果准确,可用于扶正解毒散中淫羊藿的质量控制和标准提高。 相似文献
2.
目的:建立贞莲增免口服液质量标准。方法:采用薄层色谱(TLC)法对贞莲增免口服液中淫羊藿、墨旱莲进行定性鉴别;采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法对制剂中特女贞苷和淫羊藿苷进行含量测定。结果:定性鉴别分离度较好,专属性强;特女贞苷的含量测定线性范围为9.9644~249.1110μg·m L~(-1)(r=1),平均加样回收率为100.27%(RSD=1.45%,n=9);淫羊藿苷的含量测定线性范围为10.1362~253.4050μg·m L~(-1)(r=0.9997),平均加样回收率为99.51%(RSD=0.76%,n=9)。结论:本文所建立方法准确可靠、灵敏度高、专属性强,可用于贞莲增免口服液的质量控制。 相似文献
3.
藿芪灌注液中淫羊藿苷和黄芪甲苷稳定性试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了研究藿芪灌注液的稳定性,采用HPLC法测定藿芪灌注液中淫羊藿苷与黄芪甲苷含量,使用Wonda Sil C18柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),流动相:乙腈-水28∶72,柱温40℃,检测波长270 nm,进样量10μL,流速1.0 m L/min测定淫羊藿苷的含量;使用ZORBAX SB-C18柱(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm),漂移管温度为90℃,载气流速为2.5 L/min,流动相:甲醇-水65∶35,柱温:40℃,流速:1 m L/min,用蒸发光散射检测器检测测定黄芪甲苷的含量。藿芪灌注液于高温60℃放置10 d,高湿度90%±5%放置10 d,经强光照射4500±500LX放置10 d,加速试验在温度40℃±2℃、相对湿度75%±5%的条件下放置6个月,长期试验在温度25℃±2℃、相对湿度60%±10%的条件下放置12个月,考察藿芪灌注液在不同条件存放后的性状、鉴别、p H、淫羊藿苷含量、黄芪甲苷含量以及无菌检查等项目的变化。结果表明,藿芪灌注液性质稳定,在不同条件存放后所有指标均未有明显变化,符合质量标准要求。 相似文献
4.
目的:提高芪贞增免颗粒质量标准。方法:采用薄层色谱法(TLC)芪贞增免颗粒中黄芪、淫羊藿进行定性鉴别;采用高效液相色谱—蒸发光散射检测器(HPLC-ELSD)测定制剂中黄芪甲苷含量;采用波长切换高效液相色谱法(HPLC)同时测定制剂中特女贞苷和淫羊藿苷的含量。结果:定性鉴别分离度较好,专属性强;黄芪甲苷含量测定线性范围为进样量0.840~5.040μg (r=0.9997),平均加样回收率为100.39%(RSD=1.09%,n=9);特女贞苷含量测定线性范围为10.0012～250.0300μg·m L-1(r=1),平均加样回收率为100.56%(RSD=1.28%,n=9);淫羊藿苷的含量测定线性范围为10.0185～250.4625μg·mL-1 (r=0.9997),平均加样回收率为99.80%(RSD=1.01%,n=9)。结论:本文所建立方法准确可靠、灵敏度高、专属性强,可用于芪贞增免颗粒质量标准的提高。 相似文献
5.
《中兽医医药杂志》2019,(6)
建立清宫灌注液质量控制标准。用薄层色谱法(TLC)对清宫灌注液中淫羊藿、地榆、苦参展开薄层鉴别,并应用高效液相色谱法对制剂中淫羊藿苷的含量进行测定。色谱条件:流动相为乙腈-水(30∶70),检测波长为270 nm,流速为1.0 mL/min,柱温35℃。结果表明,在选定的色谱条件下,淫羊藿、地榆、苦参含有的指标成分在与其对照品或对照药材在色谱图相应位置显示相同颜色斑点,阴性对照无干扰。在清宫灌注液淫羊藿苷含量测定时,进样量处于0.178 98～1.342 35μg范围内时,具有良好的线性关系(R2=0.999 8),平均加样回收率为98.39%,RSD为0.71%。说明该方法既能定性又能定量检测本制剂质量,且方法操作简单,特异性强,重复性好,可控制清宫灌注液的质量。 相似文献
6.
《畜牧与兽医》2016,(5):105-107
用在体和离体试验研究淫羊藿苷对小鼠卵母细胞体外发育与成熟的影响。健康雌性小鼠分组灌服0.1、0.3、0.5和0.7 mg/d淫羊藿苷或2、6、10及14 mg/d淫羊藿水提液,并设生理盐水灌服对照组,取连续灌服7d和14d小鼠卵巢卵泡卵母细胞作体外成熟培养与体外受精,统计第一极体(pb I)排出率和受精率。在小鼠卵母细胞体外成熟培养液中按高(5μg/m L)、中(0.5μg/m L)、低(0.05μg/m L)剂量添加淫羊藿苷,经24 h成熟培养后进行体外受精,观察并记录卵母细胞pb I排出、受精和卵裂情况。结果表明,分别连续灌服淫羊藿苷和淫羊藿水提液后,各组小鼠卵母细胞细胞体外成熟率均有所提高,连续灌服7 d后,淫羊藿苷0.3、0.5和0.7 mg/d组小鼠卵母细胞受精率较对照组显著提高(P0.01);连续灌服14 d淫羊藿水提液6 mg/d组卵母细胞pb I排出率和受精率均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。添加淫羊藿苷低剂量组小鼠卵母细胞体外受精率和卵裂率显著高于对照组(P0.05);pb I排出率虽高于对照组,但无显著差异。本试验表明,连续灌服淫羊藿苷7 d对小鼠卵母细胞体外发育与成熟具有明显的促进作用;体外培养液中添加低剂量淫羊藿苷对小鼠卵母细胞体外成熟和受精具有促进作用,但高剂量反而有抑制作用。 相似文献
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8.
本研究旨在建立高效液相色谱法测定不同粒径淫羊藿中淫羊藿苷的溶出量。采用Shimadzu VP-ODS(150 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm)为色谱柱,以乙腈:水(25:75,V/V)为流动相,流速为1 mL/min,在270 nm波长下进样10 μL进行检测,结果显示淫羊藿苷在0.08～0.40 mg/mL范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9999),相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.62%,平均回收率为97.11%～101.08%,该含量测定方法简单、快速,所测定的淫羊藿苷溶出量随着淫羊藿粒径的变小而增加,但粉碎到100目以上时,淫羊藿苷的溶出量不再随粒径的减小而增加。 相似文献
9.
目的：建立HPLC测定复方二仙草胶囊中淫羊藿苷含量的方法。方法：Shim-pack VP-ODS C18分析色谱柱（4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm）,Phenomenex ODS C18保护柱（3 mm×4 mm）。流动相：乙腈-水（26∶74）,流速1.0 mL/min,检测波长270 nm。结果：淫羊藿苷保留时间为13.8 min。以峰面积Y对进样量X（μg）线性回归,淫羊藿苷回归方程：y=2 732.7x＋12.860r,=1.000 0,线性范围0.1-1.5μg。淫羊藿苷回收率为102.16%,RSD为1.92%。结论：本方法操作简便,结果准确可靠,可用于复方二仙草胶囊中淫羊藿苷的含量测定。 相似文献
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11.
Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
12.
Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
13.
Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
14.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献
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16.
Evaluation of biohydrogenation rate of canola vs. soya bean seeds as unsaturated fatty acids sources for ruminants in situ 
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下载免费PDF全文 S. Pashaei T. Ghoorchi A. Yamchi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(2):211-216
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed. 相似文献
17.
Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb
albumin
- ALT
alanine aminotransferase
- AST
aspartate aminotransferase
- BUN
blood urea nitrogen
- Chol
cholesterol
- Glob
globulin
- -GT
-glutamyl transpeptidase
- IP
inorganic phosphorus
- TP
total protein 相似文献
18.
A knowledge of the microbiological status of milk and of the different structures in the mammary glands has great importance
in elucidating the pathogenesis of mammary gland infections. The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological
status of various structures in the mammary glands from naturally infected dairy cows following slaughter. A total of 94 samples
of milk, 184 samples of mammary parenchyma, 168 samples of gland cisterns, and 168 samples of teat cisterns were collected
for microbiological examination. Microorganisms were detected in 59.9% of all samples, 67.0% of the milk samples, 70.1% of
the mammary parenchymas, 55.9% of the gland cisterns and 48.8% of the teat cistern samples. When all samples were considered,
coagulase-negative Staphylococcus were the most prevalent (35.7%) followed by coagulase-positive Staphylococcus (12.2%), Corynebacterium bovis (2.4%), Prototheca sp. (1.9%), and Streptococcus dysgalactiae (1.5%). There was a significantly higher occurrence of microorganisms in the milk and mammary parenchyma compared to the
gland cisterns and teat cisterns.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
19.
Four grass plots were sequentially contaminated with goat faeces containing known numbers of unembryonated eggs of predominantly Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus spp. between October 1982 and April 1983. Four other plots were similarly contaminated with sheep faeces between February and May 1987. An additional plot was repeatedly contaminated with sheep faeces from February to April 1987. Populations of free-living stages in faeces and of infective larvae (L3) in the herbage were subsequently monitored until the end of April and June of 1983 and 1987 respectively. During February and May 1987 two control cultures of sheep faeces were incubated in the laboratory at 25°C–30°C and at a constant temperature of 50°C and the free-living development was also monitored. L3 developed very readily in the faeces cultured at 25°C–30°C and in those spread on a grass plot in October, at the end of the wet season, but developed less on the plot contaminated in May at the start of the wet season. Worm eggs in faeces deposited on plots during the hot dry season (December to April) or incubated at 50°C died and disintegrated after 24–48 h exposure to the high environmental temperatures. The results indicate that it is unlikely that gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep and goats can develop or survive on open pasture during the dry season in the Nigerian derived savanna zone. 相似文献
20.
Acute phase proteins in dogs naturally infected with the Giant Kidney Worm (Dioctophyme renale) 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Elizabeth M. S. Schmidt Mads Kjelgaard‐Hansen Funmilola Thomas Asta Tvarijonaviciute José J. Cerón P. David Eckersall 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2016,45(4):657-664