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1.
瓶插液对储藏后牡丹“洛阳红”切花瓶插品质的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
dongleah@yahoo.com.cn 《中国农学通报》2006,22(3):267-267
以经过储藏12d、24d、36d的牡丹品种“洛阳红”为试材,通过测定切花瓶插期间的瓶插寿命、花径变化、鲜重变化率、水分平衡值和乙烯释放率等指标,研究了瓶插液(3%蔗糖 0.2g/LHQS 2mmolSTS)对“洛阳红”切花瓶插品质的影响。结果表明:瓶插液(3%蔗糖 0.2g/LHQS 2mmolSTS)可以显著延长“洛阳红”切花的瓶插寿命、提高其水分平衡值和花径、降低其鲜重损失和乙烯释放,提高‘洛阳红’切花的瓶插观赏品质。 相似文献
2.
Ana Maria Borda David G. Clark Donald J. Huber Bruce A. Welt Terril A. Nell 《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2011,59(3):245-252
The relationship between fragrance and vase life and the role of ethylene on volatile emission in cut rose flowers was investigated. No relationship was observed between the amounts of volatile compounds emitted and vase life when fragrant and non-fragrant rose cultivars were compared. Neither ethylene production nor respiration rate of flowers was directly related with vase life. Volatile production during vase life was differential and independent among volatiles originating from different biosynthetic groups. Ethylene did not play a role in the regulation of volatile emission in rose flowers. Endogenous ethylene production was very low in most of the cultivars and did not show autocatalytic production trends. Volatile emission patterns during vase life did not parallel endogenous ethylene production. Exogenous ethylene exposure had differential effects among all cultivars, regardless of the fragrance of the flower. Fragrant cultivar ‘Osiana’ was highly sensitive to exogenous ethylene, with petals abscising within 24 h of ethylene (1 μL L?1) exposure while other fragrant cultivars ‘Erin’ and ‘Lovely Dream’ had low ethylene sensitivity. Volatile production was unaffected by exogenous ethylene. The results of this study indicate that volatile emission in cut roses is not regulated by endogenous or exogenous ethylene and occurs independently of petal senescence and/or abscission. These results provide a better understanding of the complexity of volatile emission in rose flowers. 相似文献
3.
非洲菊切花保鲜中的细菌鉴定和8-HQ抑菌保鲜研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
非洲菊切花瓶插观赏过程中常出现花茎弯曲和花朵下垂现象,该现象与插花溶液中的细菌滋生有关。本研究分离纯化了非洲菊切花清水瓶插中出现的细菌,通过16S rDNA测序法鉴定出瓶插过程中滋生的细菌主要来自泛菌属、假单胞菌属、寡氧单胞菌属以及克雷伯氏菌属;并研究了8-羟基喹啉（8-HQ）抑制泛菌属细菌增长的最低长效抑菌浓度为150 mg/L;选用8-HQ和蔗糖作为切花保鲜剂主要成分时,其中150 mg/L 8-HQ + 6%蔗糖的组合能最有效延长非洲菊鲜切花开放时间,并保持瓶插溶液清亮程度。 相似文献
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为提高瓶插非洲菊切花的品质,延长瓶插寿命,研究了不同配方保鲜液处理的非洲菊切花的水分平衡、鲜重变化、鲜重变化率和瓶插寿命各指标的变化规律及其关系。结果表明,处理2(蒸馏水+30 g/L蔗糖+200 mg/L 8-HQ+150 mg/L CA+75 mg/L KH2PO4)、处理3(蒸馏水+30 g/L蔗糖+200 mg/L8-HQ+150 mg/L CA+50 mg/L NaHPO4.2H2O)的保鲜剂配方保鲜效果为好,尤以处理2配方的保鲜效果最佳,瓶插寿命是对照(蒸馏水处理)的2.4倍,达到12 d以上。处理2、3非洲菊切花的瓶插寿命与水分平衡值、鲜重变化率分别呈线性和多项式回归关系,二者的水分平衡值与瓶插寿命的相关系数分别为R=0.984 5和R=0.989 5,鲜重变化率与瓶插寿命的相关系数分别为R=0.994 3和R=0.995 5;处理2、3分别在4.351、4.247 d时的水分平衡值为0,在6.633、6.526 d时切花花枝占最初的质量百分数为100%,这些参数为非洲菊切花的瓶插保鲜提供了重要的理论依据。 相似文献
6.
为防止Ag+污染环境,开发适宜于切花菊运输前的不含Ag+的预处理剂及预处理方法十分必要。笔者用不同浓度(0~2000 ml/L)无银杀菌剂——苯扎溴铵对切花菊‘神马’的鲜切花进行了不同时间(0~24h)的预处理,然后插入盛有自来水的瓶内,放在温度为20~25℃室内,调查保鲜效果。与其他预处理相比,在100 ml/L溶液预处理3h,瓶插后鲜重一直呈缓慢上升趋势;6d后,极少数叶片发生萎蔫,叶片黄化速度也很缓慢,约90％的叶片12d后还可以保持新鲜;花蕾开放速度也缓慢,15d后仅有50％的花蕾开花,且花瓣挺阔,无枯萎迹象,而且茎干挺直,不弯颈;保鲜效果明显高于其他的预处理。由此可见,使用100 ml/L的苯扎溴铵溶液对菊花鲜切花进行3h的预处理,对其贮运有良好的保鲜效果。 相似文献
7.
脱落酸在牡丹切花衰老中的作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探明脱落酸(ABA)在牡丹切花衰老中的作用,为其保鲜技术的开发提供理论依据,以类似跃变型切花牡丹‘如花似玉’为试材,研究ABA和钨酸钠（ABA合成抑制剂）处理对其瓶插期间的开花指数、花径增大率、瓶插寿命、最佳观赏期、花瓣ABA含量和内源乙烯释放量等指标的影响,探讨ABA在牡丹切花衰老中的作用。结果表明,外源ABA处理可以加快牡丹切花衰老进程,缩短瓶插寿命和最佳观赏期;花瓣ABA含量与内源乙烯释放量显著正相关;花瓣ABA含量高峰始终出现在内源乙烯释放量高峰之前。所以,ABA可能以诱导乙烯大量合成的方式间接加速牡丹切花的衰老。 相似文献
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《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2009,53(3):273-278
We developed neural network (NN) models using environmental, morphological, and physiological parameters to predict the vase life of cut roses grown in a greenhouse. These parameters were obtained during the growing and pre-marketing stages. A back-propagation training algorithm was used to develop the vase life prediction model. The network consisted of 29, 26, and 1 processing units in the input, hidden, and output layers, respectively. The NN was trained using the data of 123 cut ‘Asami Red’ roses and was validated using other data obtained from 30 cut roses. The results showed that the NN model had a relatively higher predictability (r2 = 0.886, RMSEP = 0.984) between the predicted and observed values. Mixed data of rose cultivars ‘Asami Red’, ‘Bridal Pink’ and ‘Sonia’ were used to train the model. The validated model using the test data of the three cultivars still showed a good predictability (r2 = 0.835, RMSEP = 1.126). The analyses showed that the NN model can predict the vase life of cut roses better than traditional statistical methods. Thus, we conclude that the NN is a superior approach to predict and guarantee the vase life of cut roses. 相似文献
9.
Wouter G. van Doorn Ren R.J. Perik Patrick Abadie Harmannus Harkema 《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2011,61(1):56-63
The vase life of cut tulips (Tulipa spp.) is limited by a combination of leaf yellowing, tepal senescence, and tepal abscission. In many cultivars, moreover, high rates of stem elongation result in stem bending during vase life. In tests with the cvs. Apeldoorn and Frappant, stem bending could be prevented by treatment with ethylene or ethephon. However, these treatments resulted in poor flower opening. The ethephon treatment also resulted in precocious tepal abscission. The negative effect of ethephon on flower opening was overcome by a treatment with gibberellic acid (GA3). GA3 also somewhat delayed early leaf yellowing, but did not prevent the early tepal abscission induced by ethephon. The latter problem was overcome by a treatment with benzyladenine (BA). In addition, BA effectively delayed leaf yellowing and also delayed tepal senescence. However, BA produced browning of the lower stem end. This was prevented by the inclusion of calcium ions in the solution. The combination of chemicals (ethephon, GA3, BA, and calcium ions) was similarly successful in a large number of other tulip cultivars tested. After adaptation of the concentrations the four chemicals were also effective if given as a pulse treatment shortly after harvest. 相似文献
10.
Effect of pre- and postharvest salicylic acid treatment on physio-chemical attributes in relation to vase-life of rose cut flowers 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The naturally short vase-life of cut rose flowers, leads to difficulties with long-distance transportation and subsequent marketing. This study was conducted to determine whether application of salicylic acid (SA) pre- and postharvest could improve vase-life of cut rose flowers of the ‘Black Magic’ variety. Aqueous solutions of 50-200 μM salicylic acid were sprayed on roses grown in a controlled greenhouse about two weeks before harvest and flowers were cut and kept in a vase solution of SA (50-400 μM) to examine SA effects on the vase-life, flower development and senescence, increase/decrease of relative fresh and dry weight, vase solution uptake and activity of an antioxidant enzyme, catalase (CAT). All of these attributes were positively affected by SA treatment. The vase solutions containing SA showed a significant increase in cumulative uptake, relative fresh weight, and CAT activity. Generally, CAT activity in intact and cut flowers decreased during the flower bud development with the lowest activity present at petal senescence. However, SA retarded the decrease of CAT activity during senescence both in flowers and leaves compared to the water control. Postharvest SA application prolonged vase-life in cut rose flowers by improving the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging capacity related to CAT activity and by better regulation of the water balance. 相似文献
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为探究新型纳米级无机杀菌剂纳米铜(nano-copper,NC)处理对切花的保鲜效应,以非洲菊(Gerbera jamesonii)‘红艳’切花为试材,观测不同浓度NC单独处理及其与蔗糖组合溶液瓶插处理对非洲菊瓶插寿命、观赏品质和水分关系的影响。结果表明,与去离子水处理（对照组）相比,1、3、5 mg/L NC单独处理对非洲菊切花没有明显的保鲜作用,而各浓度NC加3%蔗糖的组合处理均可有效延缓和减轻该切花的花朵萎蔫和花茎弯折等品质劣变症状。其中,以1、3 mg/L NC+3%蔗糖的组合处理效果最为突出,可显著延长该切花的瓶插寿命,并使花枝瓶插期间的鲜重、水分吸收量和水分平衡值均显著高于对照和NC单独处理。试验表明适宜浓度的NC加蔗糖组合溶液瓶插处理对非洲菊‘红艳’切花具有良好的保鲜作用。 相似文献
13.
《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2009,51(2-3):197-207
The accumulation of bacteria in vase water is often associated with premature senescence in many cut flower species. In the present study, we tested the efficacy of aqueous chlorine dioxide (ClO2) to extend flower display life by preventing the build-up of bacteria in vase solutions. The addition of 2 or 10 μL L−1 ClO2 to clean deionized water extended the vase life of Alstroemeria peruviana ‘Senna’, Antirrhinum majus ‘Potomic Pink’, Dianthus caryophyllus ‘Pasha’, Gerbera jamesonii ‘Monarch’, Gypsophila paniculata ‘Crystal’ and ‘Perfecta’, Lilium asiaticum ‘Vermeer’, Matthiola incana ‘Ruby Red’ and Rosa hybrida ‘Charlotte’ flowers by 0.9–13.4 d (7–77%) relative to control (i.e. 0 μL L−1 ClO2) stems. The beneficial effects of ClO2 treatment were associated with a reduction in the accumulation of aerobic bacteria in vase water and on cut surfaces of flower stems. ClO2 treatment was also effective in maintaining or extending the vase life of A. majus ‘Potomic Pink’, Dendrathema × grandiflorum ‘Albatron’, G. paniculata ‘Perfecta’ and M. incana ‘Ruby Red’ flowers even when stems were placed into water containing 1011 CFU L−1 bacteria. The efficacy of 10 μL L−1 ClO2 in vase water containing 0.2 g L−1 citric acid and 10 g L−1 sucrose to extend the display life of G. jamesonii ‘Lorca’ and ‘Vilassar’ flowers was equal to or greater than other tested biocides (i.e. aluminum sulfate, dichloroisocyanuric acid, 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate, Physan 20™, sodium hypochlorite). Taken collectively, the results of the present study highlight the potential of aqueous ClO2 for use as an alternative antibacterial agent in flower vase solutions. 相似文献
14.
喇叭水仙切花保鲜技术研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
以Golden Harvest为材料,研究预冷时间和保鲜液配比对喇叭水仙鲜切花保鲜效果的影响,在盛花期取三年生Golden Harvest的新鲜花枝,花枝必须生长一致且接近开放,把鲜切花放在5 ℃、相对湿度70%的冰箱中,分别预冷24、36、48 h,结果表明喇叭水仙鲜切花预冷36 h的花径最先达到最大值,且对花的伤害最轻;以预冷36 h的花枝为材料,对SUG与8-HQC以及AgNO3与6-BA分别进行了不同浓度配比试验,结果表明喇叭水仙的保鲜液的最佳配比为5% SUG＋200 mg/L 8-HQC＋45 mg/L AgNO3＋5 mg/L 6-BA,此保鲜液有利于延长切花瓶插寿命、促进开花度和延缓鲜重的降低速度,此条件下喇叭水仙的瓶插寿命可达14.5天,花开的最大直径可达9.21 cm,维持盛开时间达3.6天,且不易发生霉变腐烂。 相似文献
15.
Ptilotus nobilis (Lindl.) F. Muell. has potential in the floriculture industries as a cut flower crop. Ethylene production and respiration rates, fresh weight changes and volatile scent production from cut inflorescences of P. nobilis cultivars Passion (dark pink flowers) and Purity (white-green flowers) were measured during vase life. Inflorescence weight loss was significant (P < 0.001) during vase life with wilting and colour loss being the primary reasons for loss of vase life. Inflorescences ready for the cut market stored and at 22 °C had vase lives of >12 d. Ethylene production by inflorescences was low to negligible. Treatment with silverthiosulphate (STS) and ethylene had no effects on vase life. Evidently, ethylene did not play a role in determining the postharvest longevity of cut P. nobilis flowers. Respiration rates of inflorescences were high at harvest (>700 mg CO2 kg−1 FW h−1) and declined gradually thereafter during vase life. Total volatile emissions followed a similar pattern. For Passion, respiration rates of immature florets were significantly greater (P = 0.02) than florets from other developmental stages while the calyx produced the most CO2. For Purity, respiration rates of florets of different maturities did not differ and the reproductive tissue produced the most CO2. Only fully opened mature florets with their stigma and anthers revealed, emitted significant quantities of volatiles (P < 0.001) and primarily from the calyx tissue for both cultivars. The individual volatiles differed somewhat for the two cultivars. However, both produced significant quantities of benzaldehyde, 3,5-dimethoxytoluene and benzyl alcohol. These compounds have previously been associated with desirable floral scent. 相似文献
16.
姜荷花切花采后处理方法对其瓶插寿命的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
观测姜荷花切花在瓶插期间吸水量、失水量的变化,探讨姜荷花切花采收后不同离水时间和杀菌剂、糖类等不同处理对姜荷花瓶插寿命的影响。结果表明：切花采收离水30 min后,其瓶插寿命即受明显影响;120~140mg/kg的漂白粉溶液能使姜荷花的瓶插寿命延长3d,糖类不能延长姜荷花切花的瓶插寿命。 相似文献
17.
With the aim of extending vase life of cut dahlia flowers, we investigated the postharvest characteristics of the flowers. Our focus was on the role of ethylene on senescence and on treatments that have extended vase life of other flowers. Continuous exposure to ethylene at 2 or 10 μL L−1 significantly accelerated petal abscission in cut flowers. Flowers continuously immersed in 1 or 10 μL L−1 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (CEPA) solution wilted earlier than those treated with distilled water (DW) or 0.15 g L−1 citric acid. Ethylene production from the ovary and ray petal was relatively high (4.5 and 0.9 nL g−1 fresh weight h−1, respectively) at harvest, but decreased gradually over 5 days. No remarkable increase in ethylene production was observed during senescence. Silver thiosulfate complex (STS), an inhibitor of ethylene action, did not extend the vase life of cut flowers, although a high silver concentration was detected in flower organs. In contrast, pulse treatment with 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) and dip treatment with 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) extended the vase life of florets, and BA was more effective than 1-MCP when the flowers were held in both DW and CEPA. BA spray treatment extended vase life of cut ‘Kokucho,’ ‘Kamakura’ and ‘Michan’ flowers. These results suggest that dahlia flower senescence is partially regulated by ethylene, and BA is more effective in delaying the senescence of cut dahlia flowers than ethylene action inhibitors. 相似文献
18.
几种保鲜剂对百合切花贮后品质的影响 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
研究了几种不同的保鲜剂组合对冷藏百合切花贮后品质的影响。结果表明,在瓶插液中加入蔗糖可提高百合切花的观赏品质,50 g/L是最适蔗糖浓度。几种保鲜剂组合中,预处液为2×10-4mol/L硫代硫酸银 + 100g/L蔗糖 + 100mg/L赤霉素, 瓶插液为150 mg/L 8-羟基喹啉硫酸盐 + 50g/L蔗糖 + 20mg/L赤霉素的保鲜剂组合对百合切花的保鲜效果最好。 相似文献
19.
为了研究瓶插黄兰(Michelia champaca L.)花开放和衰败过程中的生理生化反应。以黄兰不同开花阶段的花瓣为材料,瓶插观察其外部形态特征变化,测其超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和可溶性蛋白含量的变化。结果表明,黄兰切枝单花平均瓶插寿命为8.5天。花朵开放和凋谢过程中,花瓣中SOD活性呈现先上升后下降趋势,盛花期活性最强;POD活性在整个过程中持续上升;可溶性蛋白含量在开花前期逐渐升高,显色期后则快速下降。抗氧化酶活性的下降是黄兰花衰败的生理原因之一。 相似文献
