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以杉木无性系结实系数为指标，评价杉木种子园无性系的结实能力，试图克服结实量指标的偏差因素，提高无性系再选择的准确性。研究结果表明，杉木无性系结实系数属高重复力指标，单株为０．３３５￣０．６１１，无性系为０．６０２－０．８２５，为中上等遗传控制。无性系间ＣＶ为１３．２８￣４３．２４％，无性系内ＣＶ为７．６７￣３３．７５％，系间变异大于系内变异，结实系数可有效地应用于无性系再 相似文献
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以102个17年生杉木无性系为试材,对木材的干缩性与吸水性进行测定分析发现,木材干缩性、吸水性在杉木无性系间差异极显著;干缩性变异幅度为3.1%～20.0%,表型变异系数达59.8%;吸水性变异幅度在214.5%～338.1%间,表型变异系数为13.2%。木材干缩性与吸水性均具有明显的无性系方差分量,表明杉木木材干缩性与吸水性受遗传控制。进一步研究显示,杉木无性系木材干缩性遗传变异系数为38.6%,重复力为0.390,均属中低水平;吸水性遗传变异系数值虽较低,但重复力相对较高(0.664),属中上水平;在不同入选率(10%、20%、30%)下,木材干缩性与吸水性随入选率的降低其遗传增益值(绝对值)不断提高。研究还发现,杉木木材干缩性与木材基本密度、心材比间为极显著遗传负相关,与木材吸水性间则表现为极显著遗传正相关;木材吸水性在遗传水平上与胸径、材积、心材比间呈极显著正相关,而与木材基本密度间为极显著负相关。 相似文献
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杉木第三代无性系种子园营建技术与效果初报 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以福建省光泽华桥国有林场杉木第三代无性系种子园为例阐述了杉木第三代无性系种子园营建技术,同时分析了种子园营建效果,结果表明,建园无性系嫁接植株生长优异,无性系在生长和结实性状上均具有真实遗传变异,这种变异受中偏下至中度的遗传控制,建园无性系能较好地重现源无性系的优良性状,通过遗传选择的建园无性系具有可靠性。 相似文献
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借助于１０年生的杉木种子－家系两水平试验林,研究了杉木主要经济性状在多层次上的遗传变异规律,其主要结果如下;（１０在相同的研究性状上,通常家系内个体间的变异量〉种源间变异量〉种源内家系间的变异量;性状的遗传个体〉种源内家系〉家系内个体;不同变异层次的遗传改良潜力是不同的;通常种源－家系内个体－种源内家系;多层次联合选择获得最大析选择进展。（２）在相同的变异次上,杉木各研究性状具有各自不同的遗传改奶 相似文献
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《林业实用技术》2019,(12)
通过对5年生杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)全双列杂交试验林的调查与分析,研究杉木若干性状的遗传与变异规律,以期为杉木育种提供科学依据,为建立少数几个系的杂交种子园提供亲本材料。通过对杉木若干性状进行系统地研究,获得了不同性状的遗传变异性大小:通常杉木研究性状具有中度以上的遗传力和窄的变异性;生长与形质性状间具有复杂的遗传相关。构建主成分选择指数,配合力分析揭示杉木主成分指数,这一综合性状的基因作用方式是非加性基因效应超过了加性基因效应,虽然加性基因效应也有一定作用;最后评选出4个优良的杂交组合和3个一般配合力高的亲本。鉴于杉木全双列杂交试验的遗传分析,特别是主成分指数的配合力结果,揭示选用经过单亲和双亲测定与评选的亲本,再进行双列杂交试验时,非加性遗传方差会大大超过加性方差;杉木应以杂交育种的方式进行多性状、多世代连续改良,以杂交种子园来利用杉木多性状遗传改良成果。 相似文献
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马尾松种子园无性系结实量、种实性状及遗传参数的分析 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
马尾松(Pinusmassoniana)是我国南方重要的用材树种。80年代初在马尾松主产区建立了一批初级无性系种子园,并开展了种子园有关营建技术的研究。反映种子园无性系繁育能力的种实性状包括了球果及种子性状,是林木种子园经营管理者所关注的重要内容,它涉及到种子园的产量和种子品质等问题。国外对火炬树(P .teada)、阿勒皮红松(P .abasica)、斑克松(P .banksiana)、白云杉(Piceaglaua)、北美黄杉(Pseudosugamenziesii)等树种(Matthewsetal.,1986 ;Matzirisetal.,1998;Todhunteretal.,1981;Horh ,1984 ;Clairetal .,1991) ,研究了花粉产量… 相似文献
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橄榄优良品系扩大试验 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
在高州市大坡镇、古丁镇以及茂名市八一林场三个试点开展橄榄优良品系嫁接扩大试验,嫁接后第3,4年的结实及生长结果如下：（1）无性系间单株产果量、单位树冠投影面积产果量均达极显著差异水平,树高、径粗和冠幅在有的试点达极显著差异、有的试点无显著差异,表明无性系间结实存在着遗传差异,通过无性系测定选择的高产无性系有效。（2）对单株产果量、单位树冠投影面积产果量的多重比较结果,3个试点一致表现为G18无性系的两项结实指标值均显著高于其他参试无性系,进一步证明G18是一个真正优秀的高产无性系,对立地变化有很强的适应性。大树换接的平均单株产果量达15．04kg,一年生砧木嫁接达2．30～9．10kg。（3）橄榄无性系结实的广义遗传力很高,达0．961～0．969;当选择率为0．1时,结实遗传增益达16．36％～68．25％,入选率为0．11～0．14时,结实现实增益达59．36％～108．74％。（4）G18无性系结实的主效（Gi）在各试点均明显高于其他参试无性系,达0．4250～0．7176,其无性系与年份互作效应（δ^2cw）小,互作效应方差的变异系数（iCVCW）为0～5．89％,表明G18无性系的丰产性极佳且稳产性好,对年份间的气候条件变化有较强的适应性。 相似文献
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为探讨火炬松(Pinus taeda)无性系花粉产量的变异,在火炬松1.5代种子园选出20个无性系,每无性系5株,共100株火炬松作为研究材料,调查胸径、树高、冠幅和花粉量,通过对比单株花粉量、单位面积花粉量和单位面积有效花粉量来筛选高花粉产量的无性系.结果表明,单株花粉量与冠幅呈显著正相关(P<0.05),单株花粉量最高的是243无性系,为1302.55 g;单位面积花粉产量最高的是201无性系,为36.70 g/m2;单位面积有效花粉量最高的是243无性系,为34.14 g/m2;花粉活力最大的是298无性系,为100%.火炬松种子园的花粉产量变异主要来源于无性系间,最终筛选出243、201和298无性系3个优良无性系. 相似文献
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Thinning of Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc.) is used to facilitate timber and cone production. The present study in Northeast China investigated the effects of thinning intensity on individual tree growth, temporal variation in cone yield, and seed quality in Korean pine plantation. In 2005, five thinning intensity levels (none, extreme, heavy, moderate and light) were set in 15 permanent plots in a 32-year-old Korean pine plantation at Mengjiagang Forest Farm, Jiamusi City, Heilongjiang Province. We recorded tree growth and seed cone production from 2013 to 2016, i.e., from 8 to 11 years after thinning. Except for height growth, thinning increased tree growth (diameter at breast height and crown size) and improved cone yield. The extreme thinning treatment (to 300 trees per hectare) resulted in the largest tree diameter, tree volume, crown size and 4-year cone production per tree. The highest cone yield per tree in the mast year (2014) was observed when stands were thinned to 500 trees per hectare (heavy thinning). Although the best cone and seed quality and the largest cone and seed mass per tree were recorded in the heavily thinned stand, no significant differences were found between heavy and moderate thinning stands (750 trees per hectare). At the stand level, the moderately thinned stand had the highest basal area, stock volume and seed cone production per stand. Our results suggest that thinning to 750 trees per hectare will improve timber and cone productivity in 40-year-old P. koraiensis stands. 相似文献
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A juvenile radiata pine clonal seed orchard (Pinus radiata D. Don) in Sergude (northwestern Spain), comprising 57 clones, was evaluated for fertility, offspring diversity and genetic drift during 4 years. Flower and fruit production was used to asses clone fertility in the orchard. Fertility variation measured as “sibling coefficient” was found to be an average of 1.5, having high genetic diversity (0.99) and low coancestry (0.013). The clones varied in fertility from year to year. Effective population size in the orchard was between 35 and 40, indicating that between 60.30 and 69 %, the clones contributed effectively to seed yield. One way to improve seed yield in the orchard is by increasing the effective population size. Thinning and pruning highly reproductive clones of gibberellin application might be useful in increasing effective population size. The orchard’s parental balance showed consistent improvement over time. Cone and seed characteristics were also investigated. The results showed that significant genetic variation exists among clones for cone width and length; total, sound and empty seed number; as well as 100 seed weight. The seed orchard is still in a juvenile phase; moreover, the broad-sense heritability and variation data obtained in this study could be very valuable in the management practices of the existing radiata pine clonal seed orchard and can be also used for better planning of advanced generation of clonal seed orchards in Spain. 相似文献
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Genetic variation in seed/cone production among clones was studied in a hinoki (Chamaecyparis obtusa Endl.) seed orchard containing 25 plus-trees by analyzing the number of cones, the yield of cones and seeds of individual
ramets for 5 successive years (1982 to 1986). There was significant variation among clones each year and parental contribution
in the seed orchard. Specifically, in the years 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985, and 1986, 20% of the clones produced 37.2, 60.6, 36.0,
44.3, and 44.8% of the total cones, respectively. The size of the crop greatly influenced the parental balance in the resulting
seed/cone crops. The product moment correlation coefficients and Spearman’s coefficients of rank correlation were small and
insignificant between consecutive years, but large and highly significant between alternate years, suggesting the presence
of carry-over effects in seed/cone production. The broad-sense heritability on a clone mean basis was 0.74 ± 0.15 for the
number of cones, 0.72 ± 0.14 for the yield of cones, and 0.68 ± 0.13 for the yield of seeds. The corresponding heritabilities
from analyses combined over all years were 0.24, 0.558, and 0.724, respectively. These results indicate that seed/cone production
in hinoki is under strong genetic control. Several managerial measures are discussed that maintain the genetic diversity in
seedlots used for reforestation, by reducing the variation in seed/cone production among clones and producing seed crops with
equal contributions from all parents. 相似文献
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马尾松第一代改良无性系种子园建园材料选择 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
以福建省漳平五一国有林场马尾松第一代无性系种子园为研究群体,在对园内无性系及其子代家系测定数据分析基础上进行无性系再选择,重建改良代种子园。结果表明,子代生长量与当代无性系产籽量和雌雄球花量,在家系与无性系水平上差异极其显著,且不同程度受遗传控制,具有一定选育潜力。采用综合评定和独立淘汰相结合的方法,能实现性状兼优的无性系再选择。以一代(CK1)为对照,从160个无性系中再选择30个无性系建立的改良代种子园育种效果显著,其遗传增益估值,8年生子代材积提高10.9%,产籽量和雌、雄球花量分别提高49.1%、18.9%、7.6%;以母树林混合种(CK)为对照,2个选择阶段,8年生子代材积累计遗传增益估值18.1%。 相似文献
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马尾松种子园树体整形丰产技术研究 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
对马尾松改良代种子园实施"1干、3叉、9头、27支"母树矮化整形技术后,12年生的马尾松改良代种子园母株同第1代种子园相比,平均树高降低20%,枝下高降低53.8%,冠幅增大7.7%,采种成本降低51.8%,平均单株球果产量提高138.3%,且产量逐年以60%幅度递增,实现种子园优质高产。 相似文献