共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 250 毫秒
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利用水蒸气蒸馏法结合气相色谱—质谱联用技术比较了百里香、迷迭香和柠檬香蜂草 3 种唇形科植物精油的挥发性组分差异。结果表明，唇形科植物精油具有丰富的挥发性组分，本研究在不同唇形科植物精油中检测到 18 种单萜、18 种倍半萜、25 种单萜衍生物、2 种倍半萜衍生物及 16 种酮、酯、酸类化合物共 79 种挥发性物质。不同唇形科植物精油组分差异较大，百里香植物精油组分最多，具有 51 种化合物；其次为迷迭香和柠檬香蜂草精油。百里香酚、1,8-桉叶素和香叶醛分别对百里香、迷迭香和柠檬香蜂草植物精油的贡献率最高。 相似文献
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双瓣茉莉5个花期挥发性成分GC-MS分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用气质联用仪(GC-MS)对福州双瓣茉莉花小花蕾期、大花蕾期、花开12 h开花期、花开24 h开花期和花败期5个时期挥发性成分进行鉴定,并用峰面积归一化法分析各组分含量。结果表明,开花期是挥发性物质集中释放期,花败期含量急剧下降,小花蕾和大花蕾时期仅少量释放,这符合茉莉花为气质花的特性。萜类和酯类挥发性物质是双瓣茉莉花香主要成分,萜类挥发性物质在盛开时大量释放,酯类挥发性物质通常在花开12 h开花期释放量最高。5个不同时期共鉴定出43种挥发性成分,挥发性物质种类和绝大部分挥发性物质含量均是在开花期最高,其中含量较高的乙酸芳樟酯、α-金合欢烯、乙酸苯甲酯、苯甲醇、γ-依兰油烯、乙酸甲酯、反式-法呢醇和β-罗勒烯等是双瓣茉莉挥发性物质的主要成分。结果将为茉莉花精油的提取及茉莉花制茶的采摘时期提供依据,为开展双瓣茉莉花挥发性物质代谢途径的分子调控机理研究奠定基础。 相似文献
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湿窨工艺及配花量对茉莉花茶香气成分的影响 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
采用SPME/GC-MS技术分析高档茉莉花茶的香气组分,结果表明苯甲酸顺-3-己烯酯、芳樟醇、乙酸苄酯、邻氨基苯甲酸甲酯是茉莉花茶的主香组分,这些成分构成了茉莉花茶香气浓度的基础。采用湿窨工艺窨制茉莉花茶,苯甲酸顺-3-己烯酯、芳樟醇、邻氨基苯甲酸甲酯、杜松萜烯、吲哚、苯甲醇、橙花叔醇、乙酸香叶酯等成分的含量显著提高; 配花量在69%~115%之间,配花量递增,茉莉花茶香气成分的含量亦随之增加,当配花量达到96%以上,茉莉花茶的主要香气成分含量差异不显著,表明茶坯的吸香已趋于饱和。采用湿窨工艺窨制高档茉莉花茶的适宜配花量为90%~100%。 相似文献
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为了研究佛手果实腌制过程中香气成分的组成及变化,运用气相色谱-质谱联用仪分析佛手鲜果及腌制了4个月、6个月的佛手果挥发性成分。结果表明:分别检测到21、24、22种成分,主要香气成分为柠檬烯、γ-松油烯、α-松油醇、香叶醇、4-萜烯醇、橙花醇、芳樟醇、5,7-二甲氧基香豆素等。其中佛手鲜果的香气主要成分为d-柠檬烯和γ-松油烯,两者的相对含量分别为61.43%、18.43%;腌制4个月果的香气成分以醇类和酯类为主,两者的相对含量分别为38.10%、33.64%;腌制6个月的佛手果香气成分则以醇类为主,醇类的相对含量为64.84%,其中α-松油醇、香叶醇、橙花醇的相对含量分别为20.01%、13.26%和13.50%。因此,佛手果实在腌制6个月后,其香气成分中醇的含量逐渐递增,其特征香味以醇类为主。 相似文献
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不同加工方法对胡椒精油化学成分的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以70%～80%成熟度的胡椒鲜果为原料,通过不同加工方法制备黑胡椒、白胡椒与青胡椒,并通过GC-MS对其胡椒油化学成分进行分析.结果表明:(1)加工方法不同对胡椒油化学成分的种类与含量都有显著影响.(2)3-蒈烯、柠檬烯、反式-石竹烯、β-蒎烯、L-水芹烯、α-蒎烯6种烯类是3种胡椒精油中含量较多的化学成分.其中,黑胡椒精油中特有成分4种:5-甲基-3-己醇、氨基甲酸叔己脂、木罗烯、α-蛇床烯;白胡椒精油中特有成分7种:2-甲基-2-戊醇、3-甲基-3-戊醇、γ-萜品烯、樟脑、乙酸松油酯、β-檀香烯、δ-杜松烯;青胡椒精油中特有成分5种:朱栾倍半萜、γ-古芸烯、4-甲基-3-己醇、2,5-二甲基-2-己醇、反式3-蒈烯-2-醇. 相似文献
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《热带作物学报》2017,(10)
以科摩罗和斯里兰卡引进依兰(Cananga odorata)为试材,采用HS-SPME-GC/MS技术对香气成分进行测定分析,以揭示不同基因型依兰资源香气成分组成差异,为资源创新利用提供理论依据。结果表明:科摩罗和斯里兰卡依兰香气成分均由烯烃类、醇类、酯类和醛类物质组成,其中科摩罗依兰含有16种香气成分,主要以乙酸香叶酯(14.83%)、苯甲酸苄酯(14.56%)、苯甲酸香叶酯(1.24%)和柳酸苄酯(4.65%)等酯类物质为主,而斯里兰卡依兰亦含有16种化合物,主要以α-法呢烯(45.67%)、β-毕澄茄烯(17.61%)、芳樟醇(2.87%)和3-蒈烯(2.71%)等烯烃类物质为主。因此,不同基因型依兰香气成分组成种类相同,但香气成分物质组成及含量均存在一定差异。 相似文献
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以香露兜（Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.）不同叶位叶片组织为材料,采用气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）技术对其挥发性成分进行鉴定,揭示不同叶位挥发性成分组成变化规律。结果表明：香露兜8个不同叶位叶片挥发性成分由呋喃酮类、吡咯类、呋喃类等10类21种物质组成,3-甲基-2(5H)-呋喃酮、新植二烯、2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉、叶绿醇、2,3-二氢苯并呋喃、2,4-二叔丁基酚、羟基丙酮、棕榈酸乙酯和亚油酸乙酯9种共有物质的含量均存在极显著差异（P<0.001）。其中,特征挥发性物质2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉平均含量为(94.00±36.66)μg/g,倒5叶位含量最高(122.99±3.48)μg/g,倒1至倒8叶位整体呈先升高后降低的变化趋势。主成分分析结果表明,倒1叶位主要挥发性成分为3-甲基-2(5H)-呋喃酮、棕榈酸乙酯和甲酸庚酯,倒2、3和4叶位主要挥发性成分为叶绿醇、2-丁基-1-辛醇、3-甲基-2(5H)-呋喃酮、2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉、2,3-二氢苯并呋喃、新植二烯、角鲨烯、棕榈酸乙酯、亚油酸乙酯和2,4-二叔丁基酚,倒5叶位主要挥发性成分为2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉、2,3-二氢苯并呋喃和角鲨烯;倒6、7、8叶位主要挥发性成分为角鲨烯、新植二烯、2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉和羟基丙酮。香露兜不同叶位挥发性物质组成及含量存在一定差异,将为其标准化采收提供理论依据。 相似文献
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不同发育阶段番石榴果实中挥发物成分变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用固相微萃取法(SPME)和气质联用(GC-MS)技术对不同发育阶段的番石榴果实的挥发性物质进行定性和定量分析。结果表明,挥发物的主要成分包括萜烯类、酯类、醇类和醛类四大类,其中萜烯类和醇类物质的相对含量随着果实的成熟而减少,酯类和醛类物质则随着果实的成熟而增加。总共分析出35种挥发性物质,青果、成熟果和完熟果中的共同挥发物有9种,分别是己醛、反-2-已烯醛、叶醇、正己醇、β-石竹烯、乙酸叶醇酯、乙酸己酯、α-古巴烯、2-正戊基呋喃,其总的相对含量分别为81.61%、76.36%和85.57%。 相似文献
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Kristina Ložienė 《Industrial Crops and Products》2009,29(2-3):502-508
The high infraspecific chemical and morphological polymorphism is characteristic for species of genus thyme (Thymus L.). This characteristic can be subservient to the selection of valuable clones from natural habitats. The objective of the present study was to select valuable Thyme clones from native flora of Lithuania according to the productivity of biomass and chemical composition of essential oils for the cultivation. Two Thymus species, namely large thyme (T. pulegioides L.) and wild thyme (T. serpyllum L.), grow wild in Lithuania and other Baltic States (Latvia and Estonia). Was established that T. pulegioides is more suitable for the cultivation than T. serpyllum, because can grow more dried total biomass (up to 3 times), are higher (2.8 times) and synthesize higher amount of essential oils with significant amounts of such biologically active compounds as the thymol, carvacrol, geraniol or linalool. Four most fecund clones of T. pulegioides (the total biomass of dried plant 29–45 g, the amount of essential oil in whole plant 0.5–0.7%) were selected which accumulate the highest amounts of thymol (up to 26.1%), carvacrol (up to 31.0%), geraniol (up to 45.0%) and linalool (up to 80.3%). The cultivation of these clones enables to get the high yield of biomass and chemically homogeneous herbal raw material of desirable chemical composition for the phytomedicines and phytocosmetics. 相似文献
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Deepa Bisht Chandan S. Chanotiya Mahendra Rana Manoj Semwal 《Industrial Crops and Products》2009,30(3):422-426
The chemical composition of essential oils isolated from aerial parts of native populations of Origanum vulgare L. from northwestern Himalaya was investigated by enantioselective gas chromatography (enantio-GC), capillary-gas chromatography (capillary-GC) and GC–MS. Seventy compounds, which accounted for 84.9–97% of the oil composition, have been identified. The oils were allotted to two main groups; the first group had a high percentage of components belonging to the thymol/carvacrol biosynthetic pathway and the second was characterized by a different sesquiterpene composition and a high linalool and bornyl acetate percentage. Essential oils of O. vulgare populations from Rilkot and Dhanachuli areas in northwestern Himalaya were characterized by high monoterpenoids proportions as compared to Nainital and Bhowali populations, which were dominated by sesquiterpenoids. High proportions of thymol (29.2–82%) were found only in two populations. Composition of the samples collected from Dhanachuli area differed from Nainital and Bhowali collections by a unique presence of carvacrol. Notably, there were significant differences in the concentration of rest of the terpenes in all the collections. On enantio-GC, enantiomeric excess for (3R) (−)- and (3S) (+)-linalool, (S) (+)- and (R) (−)-terpinen-4-ol, (S) (−)- and (R) (+)-α-terpineol, (1S) (−)-bornyl acetate and (1S) (−)-borneol were established in populations from Bhowali and Dhanachuli area. Moreover, linalool type oregano may be useful in promoting wider commercial utilization of the biodiversity of this species. 相似文献
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迷迭香是原产地中海的一种重要天然香料作物,为了鉴定和分析其生长习性及精油组成特点,以生长在贵州的4种迷迭香资源:绿色直立型、灰色直立型、宽叶半直立型和匍匐型迷迭香为材料,首先对其生物学性状进行考察,进而利用气相-质谱仪分析其挥发性成分。结果表明,4种迷迭香的生长习性、叶片颜色和形状以及花色等差异显著。4种迷迭香精油主要成分包括α-蒎烯、莰烯、β-蒎烯、桉叶素、樟脑、龙脑和马鞭草烯酮。其中绿色直立和灰色直立型迷迭香α-蒎烯含量较高(依次为17.28%和18.96%),樟脑含量较低(依次为4.29%和7.87%),为近西班牙香型;而宽叶半直立型和匍匐型迷迭香α-蒎烯含量较低(依次为5.82%和8.97%),樟脑含量较高(依次为16.80%和18.64%),为突尼斯/摩洛哥香型。 相似文献
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Azimi H Fallah-Tafti M Karimi-Darmiyan M Abdollahi M 《Pakistan journal of biological sciences: PJBS》2011,14(21):960-966
To overview phytotherapy of vaginitis in order to identify new approaches for new pharmacological treatments. All related literature databases were searched for herbal medicinal treatment in vaginitis. The search terms were plant, herb, herbal therapy, phytotherapy, vaginitis, vaginal, anti-candida, anti-bacterial and anti-trichomonas. All of the human, animal and in vitro studies were included. Anti-candida, anti-bacterial and anti-trichomonas effects were the key outcomes. The plants including carvacrol, 1,8-cineole, geranial, germacrene-D, limonene, linalool, menthol, terpinen-4-ol and thymol exhibited anti-candida effects. A very low concentration of geranium oil and geraniol blocked mycelial growth, but not yeast. Tea tree oil including terpinen-4-ol, alpha-terpinene, gamma-terpinene and alpha-terpineol showed anti-bacterial, anti-fungal and anti-protozoal properties against trichomonas. Allium hirtifolium (persian shallot) comparable to metronidazole exhibited anti-trichomonas activity due to its components such as allicin, ajoene and other organosulfides. The plants having beneficial effects on vaginitis encompass essential oils that clear the pathway that future studies should be focused to standardize theses herbs. 相似文献
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Yongjian XieJialu Wang Fenglian YangChaoliang Lei 《Industrial Crops and Products》2011,34(1):1226-1230
The essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation from leaves of Chinese native Cryptomeria japonica and Cryptomeria fortunei were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. Fifty-seven compounds were identified in the essential oils of C. japonica with α-elemol (20.12%), kaur-16-ene (14.84%), β-phellandrene (5.97%), β-elemene (5.87%), α-eudesmol (5.62%) and β-eudesmol (5.03%) as main constituents. Forty components were identified in the oil of C. fortunei with kaurene (34.04%), α-elemol (13.34%), γ-eudesmol (10.80%), β-eudesmol (10.16%), α-pinene (2.75%) and γ-cadinene (1.92%) as the most abundant components. This study demonstrated the occurrence of α-elemol chemotype in C. japonica and kaurene chemotype in C. fortunei from China. The essential oil compositions of two Cryptomeria samples were shown that they can be used for green plant protection, pharmaceutical, perfume and food industries. 相似文献
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A field investigation was carried out on red sandy soil in the semi-arid tropical climate of south India to investigate the response of industrially important, multi-harvest, aromatic crop palmarosa {Cymbopogon martinii (Roxb.) Wats. var. motia Burk., family: Poaceae} to foliar application (2.5 g/L single application for each harvest at 700 L nutrient solution per hectare) of magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), boron (B) and their residual effect on the succeeding harvest. During the experimental period, palmarosa crop afforded four harvests, 49.5-70.6 t/ha total biomass yield (fresh weight), 211.4-384.2 kg/ha total essential oil yield and Rs. 232,540-422,620/ha (US$ 4844.6-8804.6/ha) gross returns. Fifth harvest (no nutrients were applied) performed to examine the residual effect of Mg and micronutrients applied to the previous four harvests revealed the absence of residual effect pointing to the need for application of nutrients to individual harvests. Foliar application of Mg and micronutrients significantly increased the yield attributes (plant height, tiller number/plant, leaf number/plant), biomass yield, essential oil yield and gross returns of palmarosa. Mg and micronutrients enhanced the total biomass yields by 37.0-42.6% and the total essential oil yields by 44.6-81.7% in comparison to the control (water spray).All the treatments produced good quality essential oils with 1.5-3.2% linalool, 79.7-85.8% geraniol and 4.5-10.3% geranyl acetate. Mg and B additions declined linalool (%) in the second and fourth harvests and increased geraniol (%) in the first harvest. Mg and micronutrients application improved geraniol (%) in the second harvest. Except Zn, all the other nutrients decreased geranyl acetate (%) in the second harvest, but in the third and fourth harvests Mn and B increased geranyl acetate (%). 相似文献
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Carmela BonfantiRoberto Iannì Agata MazzagliaCarmela M. Lanza Edoardo M. NapoliGiuseppe Ruberto 《Industrial Crops and Products》2012,35(1):160-165
The characterization of the essential oil profile together with the sensory analysis of five samples of oregano, four of which cultivated in different areas of Sicily and one of commercial origin, have been carried out. The Sicilian cultivated samples belong to Origanum vulgare ssp. hirtum (Link) Béguinot (syn. O. heracleoticum L.), the most typical Sicilian oregano species. The essential oils, obtained by hydrodistillation, have been analysed by GC-FID-MS. On the whole, 53 compounds representing more than 98% of the oils have been fully characterized. The four cultivated samples showed a very similar chemical profile, thymol and γ-terpinene being the main compounds followed by p-cymene, α-terpinene, carvacrol and thymol methyl ethers, myrcene and carvacrol. The commercial sample, instead, showed a different profile, with carvacrol largely being the main component (>77%), followed by p-cymene, γ-terpinene and thymol, in that order.According to the chemical composition, the sensory profile of the Sicilian oregano samples proved fairly homogenous, whereas different results were obtained for the commercial sample. Indeed, the intensity of sensory attributes “typical oregano flavour” and off-flavour are similar for the four cultivated samples; instead the commercial sample has less freshness and a lower typical oregano flavour, associated with a higher level of off-flavour. 相似文献
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利用 MTBE 方法结合气相色谱—质谱联用（GC-MS）技术比较了互叶白千层嫩叶与老叶精油的挥发性组分差异。研究发现,在互叶白千层不同类型叶片精油中共检测到 10 种单萜、16 种倍半萜、5 种单萜衍生物及 1 种倍半萜衍生物共 32 种挥发性物质。互叶白千层不同类型叶片精油组分亦不同,互叶白千层老叶精油含量达5000.79 ng/g,嫩叶精油含量仅为 3 470.38ng/g。单萜类衍生物是互叶白千层精油的绝对含量及相对含量最高的一类化合物。松油烯-4-醇、松油烯、d-杜松萜烯及 2-蒈烯在互叶白千层精油中含量较高。互叶白千层不同叶片精油组成不同,以倍半萜类化合物种类最多。互叶白千层叶片的成熟度与松油烯-4-醇的含量亦相关。 相似文献
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Ram Swaroop Verma Rajendra Chandra PadaliaVinod Arya Amit Chauhan 《Industrial Crops and Products》2012,36(1):343-348
Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng. (Rutaceae) is characterized by a large chemical intraspecific variability among the land races. This fact makes it difficult to detect real changes occurring in their essential oil composition during annual cycle. Based on this, variations of essential oil yield and composition in two chemotypes (‘A’ and ‘B’) of M. koenigii were assessed in spring, summer, rainy, autumn and winter seasons under foot hill conditions of northern India. The essential oil yield ranged from 0.15% to 0.18% in chemotype ‘A’, while it varied from 0.12% to 0.14% in chemotype ‘B’. Essential oils of both chemotypes from different seasons were analysed by gas chromatography (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of fifty-eight constituents representing 93.7-98.8% of chemotype ‘A’ and fifty-six constituents forming 96.1-98.7% of the total composition of chemotype ‘B’ were identified. Chemotype ‘A’ was characterized by higher percentages of α-pinene (34.6-41.9%), sabinene (26.1-36.1%), (E)-caryophyllene (2.4-5.4%) and terpinen-4-ol (1.5-5.3%), whereas chemotype ‘B’ was dominated by higher amount of α-pinene (52.7-65.3%), β-pinene (10.7-12.9%), (E)-caryophyllene (3.1-10.3%) and limonene (5.1-7.8%). Comparative results showed considerable variations in the essential oil composition of both chemotypes due to season of collection. Present study concluded that the M. koenigii leaves of desired quality may be obtained by selecting suitable chemotype and season. 相似文献