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1.
Ovine embryos were produced by maturation, fertilization and in vitro culture (IVM/IVF/IVC) of oocytes collected from slaughtered prepubertal ewes. At 24 h post IVM, oocytes were fertilized with fresh semen collected from Lori-Bakhtiari breed at a concentration of 1.0 x l0(6) sperm mL(-1). The presumptive ova/embryos were transferred into the embryo culture medium at 22-24 h post IVF. Following 4 to 7 day in culture, embryos (at morula and blastocyst stage, respectively) were transferred surgically to the uterine horn of synchronized recipients. Pregnancy was diagnosed at day 30 by hormonal assay and at days 55 and 140 of gestation by ultrasonography and pregnancies were allowed to go to term. A total of nine ewes received 27 embryos (3 embryos/ewe). Five ewes received 15 embryos at morula stage and four ewes received 12 embryos at blastocyst stage. From those received morula stage embryos one was pregnant on day 30 (20%), though no pregnancy was diagnosed on each of days 55 and 140. While from those received blastocyst stage embryos, three ewes were pregnant on day 30 (75%) and two ewes (50%) remained pregnant on each of days 55 and 140. In conclusion, day 4 IVM-IVF morula stage embryos had a lower survival rate than did day 7 IVM-IVF blastocysts embryos, following transfer to the synchronized recipient ewes.  相似文献   

2.
以野生阿宽蕉(Musa itinerans Cheesman,AA)、抗枯1号(Kangku 1,AAA)、大蕉(Musa Paradidiaca L.,ABB)3个香蕉品种为试材,研究其胚性悬浮细胞在长期继代培养后的分化能力和染色体数目的变异.结果表明,3个香蕉品种ECS在继代培养过程中,胚性悬浮细胞染色体数目均不稳定,染色体数目从6个到116个不等,各ECS均为整倍体和非整倍体组成的混倍体,随继代次数的增加,染色体数目变异的细胞比例随之增多,体细胞胚胎分化能力逐渐下降.野生阿宽蕉、抗枯1号和大蕉的ECS继代培养1.5 a后,细胞变异率分别为96.3％、93.0％和94.0％,而体胚分化能力分别为0.96×103、0.55×103、0.65×103个/mL PCV.试验为进一步研究香蕉ECS染色体变异机理提供新的线索.  相似文献   

3.
几种野生稻抽提物对斜纹夜蛾幼虫的拒食作用   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  
用甲醇对6种野生稻E6-1, E6-3/6-4(大颖野生稻的不同生态型),E7-4(颗粒野生稻), E9-10、E9-20(阔叶野生稻的不同生态型),E13-13（小粒野生稻）,E15-13（药用野生稻）和E16-3（斑点野生稻）进行了索氏提取,提取率分别为19.62%,15.60%,18.90%,8.50%,16.27%, 24.86%,10.04%和13.32%。通过测定这6种野生稻抽提物对3龄斜纹夜蛾幼虫的选择性拒食活性和非选择性拒食活性,筛选出大颖野生稻抽提物E6-1对斜纹夜蛾有较强的拒食作用。用E6-1对叶碟处理后,在1%的浓度下,24 h和48 h测得其对3龄斜纹夜蛾选择性拒食率均为100%,而非选择性拒食率分别为40.95%和47.27%;毒力测定表明2龄斜纹夜蛾幼虫24 h和48 h后的拒食中浓度([i]AFC[/i][sub]50[/sub]）分别为120 mg/mL和50 mg/mL。  相似文献   

4.
To achieve higher titer of rabies virus higher density of host cells will need. In this study, capability of FibraCel disks packed in 500 mL spinner basket versus Cytodex-1 in 500 mL spinner flask was investigated for propagation of Vero cells and PV rabies virus proliferation. Minimal Essential Medium (MEM) + 10% Foetal Calf Serum (FCS) and Virus Production- Serum Free Medium (VP-SFM) +4 mM L-glutamine were used in growth phase and MEM+ 0.2% Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) and VP-SFM were used in virus production phase. Adapted Vero cells grown in VP-SFM were used in all SFM experiments while batch and stepwise perfusion modes were applied and compared in growth stage. The highest Vero cell density were achieved in the trials with 10 g FibraCel disk in stepwise perfusion mode equal to 6.12 x 10(6) and 5.87 x 10(6) cells mL(-1) in MEM and VP-SFM, respectively while with 2.73 g Cytodex-1 lower density equal to 4.2 x 10(6) and 4.0 x 10(6) cells mL(-1) were achieved. The highest titer of rabies virus and overall virus production rate were resulted in VP-SFM and on 10 g disks equal to 2.9 x 10(7) Fluorescent Focus Unit (FFU) mL(-1) and 0.14 FFU/Cell/h, respectively versus 1.7 x 10(7) FFU mL(-1) and 0.08 FFU/cell/h on cytodex-1 in similar conditions. The second harvest of virus was also satisfactory in experiment with 10 g disks (1.7 x 10(7) FFU mL(-1)) in compare to Cytodex-1 (0.51 x 10(7) FFU mL(-1)). An equal surface area at 6600 and 12000 cm(-2) were provided in all comparable trials with seeding density of 12.5 x 10(3) cells cm(-2). Adapted Vero cells grown in VP-SFM were used in all SFM experiments while batch and stepwise perfusion modes were applied and compared in growth stage.  相似文献   

5.
To facilate breeding process of Brassica napus, a microspore culture and molecular marker-assisted screening combined system were proposed in this research. At early flowering stage, F1 offspring of hybridized combination HY15A ​× ​HF06 was used as donor for microspore culture to analyze effects of colchicine concentration on embryogenic and diploid rates of microspore. Treatment with 50 ​mg/L colchicine resulted in embryogenic rate of 3.56 embryos/bud, which was substantially higher than control (0.78 embryos/bud). A total of 1,387 embryos and 862 single plants were obtained after induction culture. Ploidy detection was performed for the regenerated plants by flow cytometry. Diploid rates of microspores treated with 50 ​mg/L and 70 ​mg/L colchicine were 17.2% and 21.0% respectively, which was significantly higher than control (10.5%). Totally 108 single plants that doubled successfully were randomly selected and screened using molecular marker BE10. Approximately 54 of 108 plants generated a 305 bp amplification product, whereas the other 54 plants showed a 398 bp band, thereby satisfying 1:1 separation ratio (x20.05 ​= ​0.0093). These coincided with field identification results. Findings of this study indicated that homozygous breeding material could be obtained by microspore culture in a short time, thereby remarkably accelerate breeding.  相似文献   

6.
Background: The mitochondria are an important source of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production in pre-implantation embryo. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of vitrification and in vitro culture of mouse embryos on their mitochondrial distribution and ATP content. Methods: The embryos at 2-PN, 4-cell and blastocyst stages were collected from the oviduct of stimulated pregnant mice and uterine horns. Then, the embryos were vitrified with the cryotop method using ethylene glycol and dimethylsulphoxide. After evaluating the survival rates of vitrified embryos, their development to hatching stages were assessed. The ATP content of collected in vivo and in vitro embryos at different stages was measured by luciferin-luciferase bioluminescence assay. The distribution of mitochondria was studied using Mito-tracker green staining under a fluorescent microscope. Results: The survival rates of vitrified embryos at 2-PN, 4-cell and early blastocyst stages were 84.3, 87.87 and 89.89%, respectively. The hatching rates in previous developmental stages in vitrified group were 57.44, 66.73 and 70.89% and in non-vitrified group were 66.32, 73.25 and 75.89%, respectively (P>0.05). The ATP content of in vivo or in vitro collected embryos was not significantly different in both vitrified and non-vitrified groups (P>0.05). Mitochondrial distribution of vitrified and non-vitrified 2-PN embryos was similar, but some clampings or large aggregation of mitochondria within the vitrified 4-cell embryos was prominent. Conclusions: Vitrification method did not affect the mouse embryo ATP content. Also, the cellular stress was not induced by this procedure and the safety of vitrification was shown.Key Words: Mitochondria, Vitrification, Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)  相似文献   

7.
China is one of the eight centers of origin for crop plants in the world and also the origin center of Asian cultivated rice. There are three species of wild rice i.e. Oryza rufipogon, O. officinalis and O. meyeriama in the South of China. Wild rice enjoys the second-class national protection in China due to its high research values and possession of abundant stress resistance genes. Wild rice has developed certain level of resistance against stress due to better genetic characteristics sin…  相似文献   

8.
采用索氏回流法,经甲醇提取,获得大颖野生稻（E6 3/6 4、E6 1）、小粒野生稻（E13 9、E13 13）、药用野生稻（E15 8、E15 13）、斑点野生稻（E16 1、E16 3、E16 13）、阔叶野生稻（101392、E9 1、E9 10）和颗粒野生稻（E7 4）甲醇提取物。室内生物活性测定表明这些野生稻甲醇提取物对柑橘全爪螨和绣线菊蚜具有一定的忌避活性,其中药用野生稻E15 8的甲醇抽提物效果更为显著,5×104 μg/mL的浓度处理,测得24 h和48 h对柑橘全爪螨的忌避率分别为83.26%和87.95%;用同样的浓度处理,对绣线菊蚜的忌避率分别为87.86%和82.43%。经聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测,药用野生稻E15 8的甲醇抽提物对两种害虫的酯酶同工酶具有明显的抑制效果。  相似文献   

9.
A productive genotype of Irvingia gabonensis were cultured in vitro for induction embryogenic calli, somatic embryogenesis and regeneration of plantlets. Fragments of young leaves were used as primary explants. Callogenesis was initiated by culture of explants during 30 days on Murashige and Skoog medium half strength (MS/2) supplemented with 1-6 mg L(-1) of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). The highest percentage of explants forming calli is 85.1% at 3 mg L(-1) of 2,4-D. Somatic embryos were obtained after a subculture of embryogenic calli during 60 days on MS/2 supplemented with 1-3 mg L(-1) of BAP. The highest percentage of embryogenic calli which differentiates somatic embryos is 63.8 +/- 2.3% at 1 mg L(-1) of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). The highest number of somatic embryos per callus which is 43.6 is obtained with 2 mg L(-1) of this phytohormone. When isolated from calli and sub-cultured during 30 days on MS/2 supplemented with 2 mg L(-1) of BAP, somatic embryos germinate with a highest percentage of 83%. The subculture of germinated somatic embryos on the same Basal Medium (BM) supplemented with 4 mg L(-1) of BAP and 2 mg L(-1) of Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) during 80 days gives rise to the plantlets with 82.7 +/- 4.8% of success. With this combination, each plantlet has average length of 5.6 cm, bears 3.3 leaves and 7.2 roots with 1 or 2 pivoting roots. Plantlets acclimatized on a mixture sterilized soil/vermiculite at equal volume survive at 93%. Results of this study constitute a new way for a production of Irvingia gabonensis seedlings with pivoting root and they permit to arrest the difficulties of natural and horticultural reproduction.  相似文献   

10.
This study presents the evolution of a Lactobacillus plantarum 2s strain and of a Lactobacillus acidophilus 1a strain on media containing pollen and honey. The following parameters were determined: CFU value, lactic acid production, sugar consumption and presentation of the final product. The researches were performed during 72 h, in tightly closed recipients, at a temperature of 37 degrees C, containing various quantities of milled or non-milled pollen (P1: 20 g non-milled pollen, 3 g honey, 5 mL distilled water; P2: 20 g milled pollen, 3 g honey, 5 mL distilled water; P3: 20% non-milled pollen, 3% honey; P4: 20% milled pollen, 3% honey). The media were very well homogenized before inoculation. The inoculation was made only after the medium gained a homogenous consistency. The inoculum consists of a 48 h culture of Lactobacillus plantarum 2s and Lactobacillus acidophilus, on LE medium, in equal proportions. The testing of the nutritive value of the symbiotic product was made on wistar rats, males and females, divided into lots of 10 animals each. The animals were administered symbiotic product every day, in their food, in intakes of 2 mg kg(-1) (lot I), 20 mg kg(-1) (lot II) and 200 mg kg(-1) (lot III), compared to a control. During the 4 weeks of the experiment, no lethality cases were recorded in any of lots, or in control. The animals involved in the experiment were examined daily and did not present changes of appetite, of behavior or clinical signs of disease.  相似文献   

11.
In order to investigation the effects of Zn rates and application forms on protein and element contents (Fe, Cu, Mn, N and Zn) in bean plant, an experiment was conducted as a factorial based on completely randomized design at greenhouse conditions during 2006. Treatments were included zinc rates in 4 levels (10, 20, 30 and 40 mg Zn kg(-1) soil(-1) in ZnSO4 source) and 3 application forms (soil application, seed pelleting and foliar spraying). Results showed that Zn rates had significant effect on accumulation of Zn, Cu, Mn and N in bean leaves. Nitrogen accumulation in leaves reduced with increasing of zinc in the soil. Among Zn application forms, spray application had the highest accumulation of Fe, Zn and Mn in leaves (423.17, 282.89 and 88.17 mg kg(-1), respectively). The highest Zn content in seed was observed in 20 and 40 mg Zn kg(-1) soil(-1) levels (46.39 and 45.62 mg kg(-1), respectively). Meanwhile, all treatments of Zn (both rate and application) had not significant effects on Cu and Mn accumulation in bean seeds. According to interaction effects between Zn rates and application forms, the highest Fe content in seed was observed when 40 mg kg(-1) soil(-1) of Zn was applied as foliar spraying. The seed protein content nearly was stable while Zn levels was increased from 20 to 40 mg Zn kg(-1) soil(-1). Grain yield had significant correlation to zinc and Cu of leaves but, biomass had significant and negative correlation to Zn content of leaves at p < 0.05% probability levels.  相似文献   

12.
以橡胶树棒孢霉落叶病病原菌及其产生的粗毒素为供试材料,研究了10种无机盐对多主棒孢菌株菌丝生长、分生孢子萌发的抑制作用和对其粗毒素的钝化作用。结果表明:CuSO4.5H2O、FeCl3和FeSO4.6H2O在2～5mg/mL浓度范围内对多主棒孢病菌菌丝生长及其孢子萌发都有很强抑制作用,菌丝生长抑制率为100%,孢子萌发率为0。KMnO4在0.5～5 mg/mL浓度范围内能够完全抑制孢子的萌发,而1～5 mg/mL浓度范围内却促进菌丝的生长。KMnO4和FeCl3在浓度为0.5 mg/mL时对该毒素均有很强的钝化作用,萎蔫指数分别为2.04%和3.97%。  相似文献   

13.
玉米幼胚愈伤组织诱导及再生   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  
利用综3、87-1、郑58、昌7-2、137和K12等6个骨干自交系玉米幼胚进行愈伤组织诱导并建立再生体系。结果显示,2,4-D对玉米幼胚愈伤组织的诱导形成是必需的,浓度在2.0～2.5 mg/L;6-BA不利于愈伤组织的形成,但能促进幼胚直接长芽、长根,尤其以郑58最明显。材料综3、郑58、K12诱导愈伤组织比较容易,诱导率均≥85%;材料137和87-1表现中等,诱导率约在50%～60%;材料昌7-2表现最差,愈伤组织诱导率≤25%。  相似文献   

14.
For mass production of V. lecanii, three types of cultivation methods including liquid, solid and diphasic production systems were investigated. In the liquid state of production, six media were tested in stationary culture conditions. Among the six media tested, Molasses Yeast Broth (MYB) supported maximum sporulation (8.33 x 10(8) spores mL(-1)) and biomass production (746 mg/100 mL). In the MYB, 4% molasses concentration was found to produce highest spore count (8.56 x 10(8) spores mL(-1)) and biomass (776 mg/100 mL) followed by 5 and 6% molasses. Among the six solid substrates tested, rice grains supported highest spore production (1.14 g/100 g). In diphasic state of production, combination of MYB and rice grains produced the greatest amount of spores, (1.70 g/100 g). Results of this study indicated that diphasic method using MYB as liquid medium and rice as solid substrate are the best method and media for mass production of V1-7 isolate of V. lecanii.  相似文献   

15.
This study aims to justify effects of niacin and folic acid in feed rations on growth and survival rate of the fish under in vitro conditions. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four replications for Experiment I and three replications for Experiment II was used. Niacin (0, 5, 10, 20 and 40 mg kg(-1)) and folic acid (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 mg kg(-1)) were used for Experiments I, and II, respectively. The cement tanks were used for Experiment I and fibre tanks for Experiment II. A static water system was used. Water temperature was maintained at a range from 26 to 30 degrees C with pH values from 7.4 to 7.9. The results showed that niacin at a rate of 10 mg kg(-1) feed ration gave significant differences on weight gained %, survival %, protein efficiency ratio, specific growth rate % and feed conversion ratio with mean values of 99.92, 100, 1.18, 5.77 and 1.35, respectively. Folic acid at a rate of 2 mg kg(-1) gave significant differences on weight gained %, survival %, protein efficiency ratio, specific growth rate % and feed conversion ratio with mean values of 108.88, 100, 1.22, 6.13 and 1.43, respectively. Niacin at a rate of 10 and 2 mg kg(-1) of folic acid were the best rates for in vitro culture of Green catfish.  相似文献   

16.
以’新球蜜荔’和’大丁香’2个荔枝品种胚性愈伤组织为材料,利用石蜡切片技术研究了’新球蜜荔’和’大丁香’接种在TD(MS+0.1 mg/L NAA+0.5 mg/L TDZ+0.1 g/L肌醇+0.4 g/L水解乳蛋白(LH)+100 m L/L椰汁+60 g/L蔗糖+10 g/L琼脂)培养基(XQTD和DDXTD)与’新球蜜荔’接种在TX(MS+0.1 mg/L NAA+5 mg/L ZT+0.1 g/L肌醇+0.4 g/L水解乳蛋白(LH)+100 ml/L椰汁+60 g/L蔗糖+10 g/L琼脂)培养基(XQTX)上各培养物体胚发生过程中细胞学变化。结果显示:XQTD从6 d开始变褐,9 d时观察到球状凸起,石蜡切片中观察到球形胚结构,12~21 d时观察到球形胚、心形胚和鱼雷形胚等不同形态体胚;而DDXTD从9 d开始逐渐变褐,15~21 d时石蜡切片中能看到少量的球形胚和心形胚。XQTX在第12 d时观察到有完整原形成层的球形胚,21 d时石蜡切片中观察到子叶形胚。2个荔枝品种的体胚发生过程中都观察到内起源和外起源两种起源方式,体胚发生均为单细胞起源,都经历了球形胚、心形胚、鱼雷形胚和子叶形胚等相似的发育过程。  相似文献   

17.
影响柑桔球形合子胚离体培养的若干因素   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
通过对柑桔球形合子胚不同发育期的分离培养、不同基本培养基及附加物、蔗糖浓度等因素对柑桔合子胚离体培养影响的研,结果表明:授粉后50d是柑桔合子胚离体培养的最适时期;Whiet基本培养基比MS基本培养基更适于柑桔球形合子胚离体培养。适当增加培养基的渗透压和添加水解乳蛋白,特别是袖子胚乳 ,可提高幼胚的诱导率,有利于柑桔球形胚的发育。比较适宜的蔗糖浓度为10%一 15%,水解乳蛋白浓度为400mg/L  相似文献   

18.
Methoprene, an insect growth regulator, was evaluated under field conditions against the main malaria vectors in the Islamic Republic of Iran. The effect of 5, 10 and 20 kg ha(-1) concentration ofmethoprene granule formulation and 100 and 200 mL ha(-1) concentration of EC formulation was measured to determine any changes in Anophelini larval abundance and IE ratio in both rice fields and artificial ponds. In artificial ponds, granular methoprene at a dose of 20 kg ha(-1) inhibited adult emergence by 77.1% after 1 day and 65.9% after 3 days. The emulsifiable concentrate formulation of methoprene at 200 mL ha(-1) inhibited adult emergence by 83.7% after 1 day and 32.2% after 3 days. In rice fields, inhibition of emergence was 44.3% at 20 kg ha(-1) granule and 35.8% for emulsifiable concentrate at 200 mL ha(-1) after 3 days. The results vary depending on the mosquito species, treatment methods, breeding places and type of formulation.  相似文献   

19.
Epilepsy an important CNS (central nervous system) problem that about 1% of world's population suffer of it. The aim of study was to evaluate of anticonvulsant effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Lavandula officinalis. In this study, anticonvulsant activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of Lavandula officinalis (L. officinalis) was studied against chemoconvulsant-induced seizures in male mice. Lavandula officinalis (100, 200, 400, 600 and 800 mg kg(-1)), diazepam (0.15 mg kg(-1)) and normal saline (10 mL kg(-1)) were injected intraperitoneally, respectively in different groups of mice, 30 min before nicotine (5 mg kg(-) i.p.). The onset time intensity and duration of convulsions and the percentage of death were recorded. Also the time-response (0, 15, 30, 45, 60 min before nicotine injection) for most effective dose of plant extract (600 mg kg(-1)) was investigated. The results showed that hydroalcoholic extract of Lavandula officinalis had anticonvulsant effect. The most effective dose of plant extract was 600 mg kg(-1). In time-response study for the most effective dose of extract (600 mg kg(-1)), the onset, duration and intensity of convulsion significantly (p < 0.05) increased, decreased and decreased, respectively for all tested times. The best response observed in 30, 45 and 60 min. The results showed significant anticonvulsant effect for hydroalcoholic extract of Lavandula.  相似文献   

20.
The ethanol extracts obtained from Psidium guajava, Flacourtia flavescens Boswellia dalzielii, Ficus exasperata, Pavetta corymbosa and Hybanthus enneaspermus, six species traditionally used in Benin to treat several infectious diseases, were evaluated for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Enteroccocus feacalis, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The minimum inhibitory concentration of extracts was determinate using the microplate dilution method. The presence of major phytoconstituents was detected qualitatively. The diphenylpicrylhydrazine radical scavenging activity was also performed. The extracts exhibited antibacterial activities against the tested bacteria. Boswellia dalzielii, Psidium guayava, Pavetta corymbosa and Flacourtia flavescens exibited the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration values (0.313-2.5 mg mL(-1)). Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the lest sensitive microorganism with MIC values higher than 10 mg mL(-1). In antioxidant assay the crude extracts of B. dalzielii and P. corymbosa appeared to be as potent as quercetol with an inhibition percentage of 83 and 75.3% at 10 microg mL(-1) which is comparable to 75.9% for quercetol at the same concentration.  相似文献   

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