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1.
以早钟6号枇杷的试管苗叶片为材料,采用同源克隆方法得到乙烯受体基因ETR的两个成员Ej-ETR1a和Ej-ETR2a的cDNA全长序列,在GenBank上的登录号为JX307084和JX307089.Ej-ETR1a序列全长2771 bp,包括227bp 5’-UTR、2226 bp ORF及318 bp 3’-UTR; Ej-ETR2a序列全长2594 bp,包含2226 bp ORF及366 bp 3’-UTR.Ej-ETR1a、Ej-ETR2a均编码741个氨基酸,且氨基酸序列具有95.28％的相似性.生物学信息分析表明:枇杷Ej-ETR1a和Ej-ETR2a均属于乙烯受体ETR1亚家族,为一个具有跨膜结构的非分泌蛋白,具有疏水性.2个ETR成员的克隆为进一步研究枇杷乙烯受体作用机制奠定了基础. 相似文献
2.
野生香蕉几丁质酶基因的克隆与序列分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以野生香蕉叶片为试材,采用RT-PCR结合RACE法,通过T/A克隆测序,获得野生香蕉几丁质酶基因全长序列,并在GenBank登录(登录号为:FJ858155)。野生香蕉几丁质酶基因(ChiⅠ1)全长1115bp,包含924bp的ORF、14bp的5'非编码区、177bp的3'非编码区及17bp3'poly(A)尾。该基因开放阅读框编码307个氨基酸,分子量为32424.1u,预测的理论等电点为6.28,其结构包括信号肽、几丁质结合区、糖苷水解酶区。蛋白结构分析结果表明,该基因编码蛋白为跨膜蛋白,存在于胞外。野生香蕉几丁质酶基因(ChiⅠ1)属于酸性几丁质酶classⅠb,与大蕉几丁质酶classⅠb相似性仅为59.4%。结构分析结果表明,该基因可能具有几丁质酶/溶菌酶特点,且在过敏反应中起重要作用。 相似文献
3.
根据橡胶树磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶(PEPC)基因的部分序列设计引物,运用RT-PCR和RACE方法获得其家族成员的1个全长cDNA,命名为HbPPC1,长度3 025 bp,包含5′-UTR 34 bp,3′-UTR 93 bp,开放阅读框2 898 bp,编码965个氨基酸。预测HbPPC1分子量为110.34 ku,理论等电点为6.09。HbPPC1具有C3型PEPC的结构特征,其N端第9~17位残基是可逆磷酸化的不变序列-X-X-SIDAQLR,C端倒数第4位残基为谷氨酰胺(Q),第774位残基为丙氨酸(A)。HbPPC1与5条大戟科植物的PEPC序列(其中木薯2条、蓖麻2条、麻风树1条)的同源性达到95％。系统进化分析表明,HbPPC1与这5条序列聚在同一个进化支中。HbPPC1包含2个酶活性位点和7种类型的Motifs,二级结构以由α-螺旋和无规则卷曲为主。Real-time RT-PCR结果表明,HbPPC1在橡胶树胶乳、叶片、树皮和花中均表达,在胶乳中的表达量最高;胶乳HbPPC1的表达受乙烯利刺激影响,在乙烯利刺激4~72 h后胶乳HbPPC1表达明显下调,表明HbPPC1在胶乳pH值调控中起重要作用。本研究结果为HbPPC1的功能研究提供理论依据。 相似文献
4.
利用同源克隆和RACE(Rapid amplification of cDNA ends)技术从甘蓝型油菜中克隆到精氨酸脱羧酶(Arginine decarboxylase,ADC)基因cDNA全长序列,命名为BnADC。BnADC全长为2 649bp,包含344bp的5′非翻译区(5′ Untranslated region,5′-UTR)、226bp的3′非翻译区(3′ Untranslated region,3′-UTR)和2 079bp的完整开放阅读框(open reading frame,ORF),编码75.1kD的蛋白质。5′-UTR中含有12bp的uORF (Upstream open reading frame),编码MIRE 4个氨基酸。氨基酸同源性比对表明,BnADC蛋白与其他植物ADC蛋白具有很高的相似性,与芥菜的同源性高达93%;系统进化树分析表明,BnADC与芥菜、拟南芥的ADC亲缘关系较近。在获得全长cDNA的基础上,构建融合表达载体pET30a(+)-BnADC,转化大肠杆菌（Escherichia coli）表达菌株BL21(DE3),SDS-PAGE检测到一个约81.1kD的融合蛋白被E. coil表达,且融合蛋白主要存在于菌体沉淀中。 相似文献
5.
以龙眼体细胞胚胎发生8个不同发育阶段同步化胚性培养物为材料,采用荧光定量PCR方法,分析两个乙烯受体基因(DL-ETR1和DL-ERS1)的mRNA动态变化水平。试验结果表明:DL-ETR1表达量整体的变化趋势呈近似"W"状,松散型的胚性愈伤组织(Stage 1)的表达量最高,心形胚(Stage 6)阶段的表达量最低;龙眼体胚发生过程的8个阶段均有DL-ERS1基因的表达,子叶形胚(Stage 8)的表达量最高,其它7个阶段的表达量都很低,鱼雷形胚(Stage 7)的表达量极低,几乎不表达。DL-ETR1与DL-ERS1有着不同时期的表达模式,并且可能起到结合乙烯,调节龙眼体胚对乙烯敏感性的综合作用。 相似文献
6.
以文心兰切花品种"黄金2号"(Oncidium Gower Ramsey‘Gold2’)为材料,通过RT-PCR和RACE技术,从文心兰的花中分离得到了1个ACO基因成员的cDNA,命名为OnACO1(GeneBank登录号为JQ822088)。该基因全长为1 424 bp,包括972 bp的ORF,172 bp的5′-UTR和280 bp的3′-UTR,编码324个氨基酸,其氨基酸序列与石斛兰等兰科植物的ACO氨基酸序列有较高的同源性。构建原核表达载体pGEX-OnACO1,转化大肠杆菌BL21进行诱导表达,在SDS-PAGE中显示出了特异性表达条带,与预测的蛋白大小一致。荧光定量PCR分析表明OnACO1基因的表达具有组织特异性,主要在蕊柱中表达,并且乙烯对该基因的表达有上调作用。 相似文献
7.
从福建农林大学甘蔗综合研究所培育的甘蔗品种福农95-1702中,采集表现花叶症状的甘蔗病叶,根据NCBI上已登录的甘蔗花叶病毒全长基因序列设计引物,利用RT-PCR和RACE技术进行全长基因克隆。结果表明,病毒分离物FJ10为高梁花叶病毒,全长不包括poly(A),有9 375 bp。整个基因只有一个开放读码框,编码成由3 071个氨基酸组成的多聚蛋白,FJ10含有一些与其它马铃薯Y病毒属病毒共有的氨基酸序列。序列分析结果表明,FJ10分离物与美国的分离物SrMV-H同源性最高,核苷酸序列同源性达91.2%,编码的多聚蛋白氨基酸序列同源性达96%,与来自中国浙江的甘蔗分离物核苷酸序列同源性为82%,氨基酸序列的同源性达89.6%。 相似文献
8.
叶绿体蛋白12(chloroplast protein 12,CP12)是一个存在于叶绿体与光合作用相关的蛋白。以亲本柱花草热研2号叶片为材料,根据豌豆CP12及柱花草响应低温的cDNASSH文库中CP12克隆片段设计引物,采用RT-PCR,从柱花草cDNA中克隆获得柱花草热研2号CP12基因全长序列,并在GenBank登陆(登录号:HQ906668),命名为SgCP12。柱花草热研2号CP12基因全长426bp,包含399 bp的ORF。通过生物信息学分析结果表明,CP12的C端具有高度保守的结构域。同源性分析表明,该基因与豌豆的CP12基因氨基酸序列同源性最高。 相似文献
9.
龙眼胚性愈伤组织ACC合成酶基因（DL-ACS1）的克隆及表达分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
以龙眼(Dimocarpus longan Lour.)胚性愈伤组织为材料,采用同源克隆和RACE方法分离得到龙眼胚性愈伤组织乙烯合成限速酶DL-ACS1(1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase)基因的cDNA全长序列(GenBank,FJ617537),共1 817 bp,包含了5’非编码区(73 bp),开放阅读框(1 437 bp),3’非编码区(307 bp)。该cDNA开放阅读框的氨基酸序列(含478个氨基酸)与其它植物ACS具有77%～63%同源性,属于ACC Synthase家族。实时荧光定量PCR分析表明,该基因在龙眼体细胞胚胎(以下简称龙眼体胚)各阶段的表达量存在较大的时期差异,其中,球形胚(Stage 5)的表达量最高,鱼雷形胚(Stage 7)的表达量最低。 相似文献
10.
以早钟6号枇杷试管苗叶片为试验材料,采用同源克隆方法从叶片mRNA中分离得到CAT基因的2个成员Ej-CAT1和Ej-CAT2,Ej-CAT1 cDNA序列全长1 738 bp,包括1 479 bp ORF和257 bp 3′-UTR;Ej-CAT2序列全长1 742 bp,包含1 479 bp ORF及261 bp 3′-UTR。2个CAT基因成员的核苷酸序列相似性为98.04%,其开放阅读框推导的氨基酸序列具有97.32%的相似性。生物信息学分析结果表明:2个蛋白均编码492个氨基酸,是亲水蛋白,不含信号肽,不存在螺旋卷曲结构,是非跨膜蛋白,亚细胞定位于过氧化物酶体;Ej-CAT1及Ej-CAT2蛋白分别有18、17个功能位点,22、19个磷酸化位点。CAT基因在枇杷试管苗离体保存过程中不同时期具有不同的表达量,整体趋势呈"W"形状,在离体保存1个月时表达量最高,保存7个月时表达量最低。CAT表达量变化可能跟枇杷试管苗的生长发育模式有关。 相似文献
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12.
《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(2):81-114
Summary The efficiency of N fertilizers is usually poor; often less than 50% of the applied N is taken up by the crop. This review focuses on various N fertilizers with respect to the significance of different N loss pathways, namely (i) ammonia volatilization, (ii) dinitrogen and nitrogen oxide emissions, and (iii) nitrate leaching. Further, the significance of biological N immobilization, ammonium fixation and, finally, the impact of nitrate vs. ammonium uptake on crop yield are also discussed. The reviewed literature shows that N fertilizers may differ markedly in their susceptibility to losses. There is, however, considerable scope to improve N efficiency of each N source by proper N management practices. 相似文献
13.
Lakshman Lal 《Potato Research》1987,30(2):329-334
Summary The effects of the leaves of five plant species, one from each of the generaAmbrosia, Anemone, Eupatorium, Eucalyptus andLantana, on potato tuber moth were investigated under indigenous storage conditions at the Central Potato Research Station, Shillong
(1800 m above sea level). Their action was compared with that of a biological insecticide (spores ofBacillus thuringiensis), a chemical insecticide (carbaryl), and an untreated control. The data collected after six months storage on tuber damage,
sprout damage and the rotting indicated that the leaves ofLantana aculeata provided most protection to the tubers, reducing damage from over 70% in the check to below 5%, and sprout damage from over
45% to below 3%. Next best wasEucalyptus globulus followed byB. thuringiensis. They may be used on tubers stored for table use or for seed as they had no adverse effect on germination or on the yield
of a subsequent crop. 相似文献
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15.
Joseph E. Laferriere Charles W. Weber Edwin A. Kohlhepp 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1991,41(3):277-282
Teas of plant origin traditionally consumed by the Mountain Pima of Chihuahua, Mexico, were analyzed for mineral nutritional content. Fe, Cu, Zn, Ca, and Mg composition was determined for native teas made from shoots ofTagetes lucida, T. filifolia, Elytraria imbricata, andHolodiscus dumosus, and from root xylem ofCeanothus depressus andPhaseolus ritensis. Native uses of these teas are also described. 相似文献
16.
Novel food and non-food uses for sorghum and millets 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：4
Sorghum and millets have considerable potential in foods and beverages. As they are gluten-free they are suitable for coeliacs. Sorghum is also a potentially important source of nutraceuticals such antioxidant phenolics and cholesterol-lowering waxes. Cakes, cookies, pasta, a parboiled rice-like product and snack foods have been successfully produced from sorghum and, in some cases, millets. Wheat-free sorghum or millet bread remains the main challenge. Additives such as native and pre-gelatinised starches, hydrocolloids, fat, egg and rye pentosans improve bread quality. However, specific volumes are lower than those for wheat bread or gluten-free breads based on pure starches, and in many cases, breads tend to stale faster. Lager and stout beers with sorghum are brewed commercially. Sorghum's high-starch gelatinisation temperature and low beta-amylase activity remain problems with regard to complete substitution of barley malt with sorghum malt . The role of the sorghum endosperm matrix protein and cell wall components in limiting extract is a research focus. Brewing with millets is still at an experimental stage. Sorghum could be important for bioethanol and other bio-industrial products. Bioethanol research has focused on improving the economics of the process through cultivar selection, method development for low-quality grain and pre-processing to recover valuable by-products. Potential by-products such as the kafirin prolamin proteins and the pericarp wax have potential as bioplastic films and coatings for foods, primarily due to their hydrophobicity. 相似文献
17.
M. I. Siri P. Villanueva M. J. Pianzzola L. Franco Fraguas G. Galván M. Acosta F. Ferreira 《Potato Research》2004,47(3-4):127-138
Summary The in vitro antimicrobial activity of extracts from accessions ofSolanum commersonii Dun. collected in the south of Uruguay was investigated against five microorganisms including the pathogenRalstonia solanacearum. A total of 30 extracts corresponding to organic and aqueous extracts were studied. Interestingly, most of the positive results
for growth inhibition were againstR. solanacearum. The extracts were also analyzed for the presence of glycoalkaloids and lectins. Six of the ten aqueous extracts showed lectin
presence and a wide variation in the type and amounts of glycoalkaloids, was found. Results indicate that there is no clear
relationship between the antimicrobial activity against the five microorganisms screened and the presence or amounts of lectins
and glycoalkaloids, traditionally regarded as possible antimicrobial metabolites in theSolanum genus, which indicates the presence of as yet unidentified antimicrobial compounds. 相似文献
18.
Alejandro Carlos Tozzini María Fernanda Ceriani María Verónica Saladrigas H. Esteban Hopp 《Potato Research》1991,34(3):317-324
Summary Clones derived from thirty-one different accessions (nineteen of Argentine origin) belonging to eightSolanum species were screened for resistance to infection by potato virus X strain cp (PVX cp) by mechanical inoculation of plantlets
that had been micropropagated in vitro. Estimates of PVX multiplication obtained by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and
slot blot nucleic acid hybridization allowed the identification of resistant clones derived from five accessions belonging
toS. commersonii S. oplocense, S. sparsipilum andS. tuberosum andigena. Resistant genotypes supported PVX concentrations 5 to 15 times smaller than did the susceptible control cultivar Spunta.
Graft inoculation test confirmed the presence of extreme resistance similar to that conferred by the ‘immunity’ gene X1 (also called RXact). 相似文献
19.
Rita Favas Janaína Morone Rosrio Martins Vitor Vasconcelos Graciliana Lopes 《Marine drugs》2022,20(3)
The loss of density and elasticity, the appearance of wrinkles and hyperpigmentation are among the first noticeable signs of skin aging. Beyond UV radiation and oxidative stress, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) assume a preponderant role in the process, since their deregulation results in the degradation of most extracellular matrix components. In this survey, four cyanobacteria strains were explored for their capacity to produce secondary metabolites with biotechnological potential for use in anti-aging formulations. Leptolyngbya boryana LEGE 15486 and Cephalothrix lacustris LEGE 15493 from freshwater ecosystems, and Leptolyngbya cf. ectocarpi LEGE 11479 and Nodosilinea nodulosa LEGE 06104 from marine habitats were sequentially extracted with acetone and water, and extracts were analyzed for their toxicity in cell lines with key roles in the skin context (HaCAT, 3T3L1, and hCMEC). The non-toxic extracts were chemically characterized in terms of proteins, carotenoids, phenols, and chlorophyll a, and their anti-aging potential was explored through their ability to scavenge the physiological free radical superoxide anion radical (O2•−), to reduce the activity of the MMPs elastase and hyaluronidase, to inhibit tyrosinase and thus avoid melanin production, and to block UV-B radiation (sun protection factor, SPF). Leptolyngbya species stood out for anti-aging purposes: L. boryana LEGE 15486 presented a remarkable SPF of 19 (at 200 µg/mL), being among the best species regarding O2•− scavenging, (IC50 = 99.50 µg/mL) and also being able to inhibit tyrosinase (IC25 = 784 µg/mL), proving to be promising against UV-induced skin-aging; L. ectocarpi LEGE 11479 was more efficient in inhibiting MMPs (hyaluronidase, IC50 = 863 µg/mL; elastase, IC50 = 391 µg/mL), thus being the choice to retard dermal density loss. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the data allowed the grouping of extracts into three groups, according to their chemical composition; the correlation of carotenoids and chlorophyll a with MMPs activity (p < 0.01), O2•− scavenging with phenolic compounds (p < 0.01), and phycocyanin and allophycocyanin with SPF, pointing to these compounds in particular as responsible for UV-B blockage. This original survey explores, for the first time, the biotechnological potential of these cyanobacteria strains in the field of skin aging, demonstrating the promising, innovative, and multifactorial nature of these microorganisms. 相似文献
20.
Alejandro M. S. Mayer Abimael D. Rodríguez Orazio Taglialatela-Scafati Nobuhiro Fusetani 《Marine drugs》2013,11(7):2510-2573
The peer-reviewed marine pharmacology literature from 2009 to 2011 is presented in this review, following the format used in the 1998–2008 reviews of this series. The pharmacology of structurally-characterized compounds isolated from marine animals, algae, fungi and bacteria is discussed in a comprehensive manner. Antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, antituberculosis, and antiviral pharmacological activities were reported for 102 marine natural products. Additionally, 60 marine compounds were observed to affect the immune and nervous system as well as possess antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. Finally, 68 marine metabolites were shown to interact with a variety of receptors and molecular targets, and thus will probably contribute to multiple pharmacological classes upon further mechanism of action studies. Marine pharmacology during 2009–2011 remained a global enterprise, with researchers from 35 countries, and the United States, contributing to the preclinical pharmacology of 262 marine compounds which are part of the preclinical pharmaceutical pipeline. Continued pharmacological research with marine natural products will contribute to enhance the marine pharmaceutical clinical pipeline, which in 2013 consisted of 17 marine natural products, analogs or derivatives targeting a limited number of disease categories. 相似文献