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栀子中的营养活性物质及其组方在猪生产中的应用示例分析 总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0
文章就药食同源中草药栀子的营养活性物质及其抗菌、抗内毒素引起的炎症反应等生物活性进行了综述。并对以这些生物活性为基础的栀子示例组方及其组合效应进行了分析,旨在为新的替抗栀子饲料组学产品的研制提供新的思路。 相似文献
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蚕蛹是家蚕吐丝结茧的过渡形态,其中分离提取出的生物活性肽被认为具有很高的医疗保健价值,对蚕蛹生物活性肽保健功效的开发也逐渐成为现代生物医学研究的焦点。文章首先对蚕蛹的生物营养成分进行了归纳,其次重点探究了蚕蛹生物活性肽在降血压血脂、抗氧化疲劳及增强机体免疫力等方面的保健功效,最后对蚕蛹生物活性肽保健功能开发应用途径进行了展望。 相似文献
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珍珠鸡屠宰率高、肉质细嫩、营养丰富,羽毛利用价值高,且有药用功效,具有很高的经济价值。文章结合珍珠鸡的生物学特性、饲养管理、疾病防治和市场价值等方面分析了珍珠鸡的经济效益。 相似文献
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文冠果为我国特有的珍稀木本油料作物,是绿化、食用、药用和制作生物燃料油的重要木本油料树种,近年来广泛受到学术界关注.其果仁、果皮、枝叶等药用部位富含三萜、黄酮、香豆素、甾醇等化学成分.现代医学研究表明,文冠果具有抗炎、抗肿瘤、抑制HIV蛋白酶、促进NGF介导的神经突触生长、改善学习记忆等药理作用和生物活性.对近年来有关文冠果不同药用部位的化学成分、生物活性、检测方法等方面的研究进展进行了综述. 相似文献
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浅谈茶之药用及保健功效杨普香（江西省蚕桑茶叶研究所３３０２０２）茶为三大饮料之一，但就营养、保健功效而言，茶居首位。茶从神农时期开始就被认为有药用功效，对于茶的药用功效９０年代以前已在作用机理和实用性上有了明显的研究进展，并进行了体外试验。近几年，研... 相似文献
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为深入研究湘西南野生药用藤本植物资源现状,对湖南緉山国家级风景名胜区野生药用藤本植物资源进行了全面、系统的调查和分析,结果表明,湖南緉山共有野生药用藤本植物４１科７３属１２８种,分别占緉山丹霞地貌区植物资源科、属、种的２２．１６％,１０．６０％,８．７４％;在生活型上,木质野生药用藤本植物有９９种,占有明显优势,而草质野生药用藤本植物仅有２９种,处于次要地位,分别占该区域野生药用藤本植物总数的７７．３４％ 和２２．６６％。其中,野生药用藤本蕨类植物和裸子植物较贫乏,而野生药用藤本被子植物较丰富,并以藤本双子叶植物占优势;在科属构成中,科的构成比较集中,属的构成相对分散。优势科有葡萄科、蝶形花科、卫矛科、茜草科等,优势属有铁线莲属、悬钩子属、忍冬属、南五味子属、拔葜属等;区系组成具有明显的热带属性,热带分布型属共有４９ 属,占总属数的６７．１２％;药用藤本植物资源中,国家级稀有濒危保护植物１种,国家重点保护野生植物８种,第一批国家重点保护野生药材２种;在药用部位上,以根、根茎、叶类的药用藤本植物最多,分别占６９．５３％,２９．６９％ 和２７．３４％;在药用功效上,以祛风湿、活血化瘀和清热类最多,分别占５７．０３％,４７．６６％ 和４３．７５％。同时,对緉山丹霞地貌区野生药用藤本植物资源的保护和开发利用提出了建议,以期为该地区野生药用藤本植物资源的可持续利用提供参考依据。 相似文献
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A Barzegari S Atashpaz K Ghabili Z Nemati M Rustaei R Azarbaijani 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(4):666-669
The genetic base of fertility and ovulation rate in Moghani and Ghezel sheep in northwestern Iran and northeastern Turkey is important because of their fat‐tailed meat and carpet quality wool. The genes encoding bone morphogenetic (BM) protein 15 and growth differentiation (GD) factor 9, respectively BMP15 and GDF9 have been shown to affect female productivity in domesticated sheep. Recently, numerous investigations have been performed on a variety of breeds to determine the association between mutations in these genes and fertility. Thus, in this study, we assessed such mutations in the Moghani and Ghezel breeds using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) with appropriate enzymes. Our data were similar to those of the previous studies showing that the genotypes were heterozygous for GD (G →A) and BM (C →T) mutations. These heterozygous genotypes resulted in higher ovulation rates, illustrating that one copy of each of the BMP15 and GDF9 mutations had equivalent effects on the ovulation rate. We demonstrate for the first time that the BM variant may not be sufficient on its own for infertility. In addition, although the previous studies have shown no notable relationship between the GD variant, known as the non‐effecting mutation and sterility, we report that this mutation has an important role in the Moghani and Ghezel breeds. 相似文献
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K. Oztabak E. Ozkan I. Soysal I. Paya C. Ün 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2009,126(6):463-467
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) is a fatal disease caused by miss folded prion protein. Studies in the cattle, comparing genetic data from BSE diseased and healthy animals have shown that indel polymorphisms in the promoter and intron 1 of PRNP gene were associated with disease susceptibility. Several studies were conducted to find out allele and genotypic frequencies of indel polymorphisms in promoter and intron 1 of the cattle PRNP gene. Unlike domestic cattle and bison, no indel polymorphisms of the PRNP promoter and intron 1 were examined in any population of the water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Aim of this study was to analyse frequencies of allele, genotype, and haplotype of the indel polymorphisms (23 bp indel in promoter and 12 bp indel in intron 1) in prion protein coding gene (PRNP) of water buffalo. Therefore a PCR based procedure, previously used in cattle to detect indel polymorphisms of PRNP promoter and intron 1 locus, was applied to 106 Anatolian water buffalo DNAs. Our results have revealed high frequency of in variants and in23/in12 haplotype for PRNP promoter and intron 1 indel polymorphisms in water buffalo. The results of the study have demonstrated that frequencies of allele, genotype, and haplotype of the indel polymorphisms in PRNP gene of the Anatolian water buffalo are significantly different those from cattle and bison PRNP indel polymorphisms. 相似文献
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C. Lupini M. Cecchinato A. Scagliarini R. Graziani E. Catelli 《Research in veterinary science》2009,87(3):482-487
Field evidences have suggested that a natural extract, containing tannins, could be effective against poultry enteric viral infections. Moreover previous studies have shown that vegetable tannins can have antiviral activity against human viruses. Based on this knowledge three different Chestnut (Castanea spp.) wood extracts and one Quebracho (Schinopsis spp.) wood extract, all containing tannins and currently used in the animal feed industry, were tested for in vitro antiviral activity against avian reovirus (ARV) and avian metapneumovirus (AMPV). The MTT assay was used to evaluate the 50% cytotoxic compounds concentration (CC50) on Vero cells. The antiviral properties were tested before and after the adsorption of the viruses to Vero cells. Antiviral activities were expressed as IC50 (concentration required to inhibit 50% of viral cytopathic effect). CC50s of tested compounds were >200 μg/ml. All compounds had an extracellular antiviral effect against both ARV and AMPV with IC50 values ranging from 25 to 66 μg/ml. Quebracho extract had also evident intracellular anti-ARV activity (IC50 24 μg/ml). These preliminary results suggest that the examined vegetable extracts might be good candidates in the control of some avian virus infections. Nevertheless further in vivo experiments are required to confirm these findings. 相似文献
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J. A. J. Nel 《African Zoology》2013,48(2):319-320
In arid or semi-arid areas of southern Africa, frogs are typically active nocturnally and seasonally. They may adopt a variety of strategies to conserve water during the day or during the unfavourable part of the year. Aquatic frogs (e.g. Xenopus, most species of Sana, Ptychadena and Phrynobatrachus) do not normally have a water conservation problem except when the water in or near which they are living dries up. Burrowing frogs (e.g. Bufo, Pyxicephalus, Tomoptema and Breviceps) are able to select microhabitats in the soil which reduce evaporative water loss. Burrowing may, in particular cases, be associated with the formation of a keratinized cocoon of stratum corneum which appears to offer a barrier to outward water movement. In arboreal frogs (Chiromantis xerampelina and Hyperolius spp.) the most interesting adaptations are found. Evidence is given in the case of HyperoUus nasutus for low evaporative water losses at the end of the dry season, when the frogs sit exposed to the sun and dry air, in flowers. During the rains when H. nasutus is in breeding aggregation the evaporative water losses are high. Chiromantis xerampelina is uricotelic and resistant to desiccation.The three approaches which anurans have adopted in response to water conservation problems have their correlates in bladder size and function. hormonal regulation of water balance and the extent to which water loss can be tolerated. The potential that the southern African amphibian fauna offers for physiological research is emphasized. 相似文献
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Xiang Gan Yushi Wang Shanyan Gao Xi Chen Shenqiang Hu Jiwen Wang Jiwei Hu Liang Li Chunchun Han 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2021,56(1):58-73
Theca cells (TCs) play an important role in follicular development, which cannot be separated from granulosa cells (GCs). However, compared with mammals, the TCs and the effects of GCs on TCs at different follicular development stages (FDSs) have specific characteristics in avian species, but none of them have been clearly defined. In this study, we established an in vitro co-culture (with GC at the corresponding stage) model of goose TCs at different FDSs (pre-hierarchical, hierarchical and F1) by using a transwell system. The properties of TCs in co-culture at the three FDSs, including cell morphology, activity and intracellular lipid content, as well as the expression of key genes involved in de novo lipogenesis, steroidogenesis, proliferation and apoptosis, were examined and defined. We further compared the mono-culture and co-culture groups. After co-culture, the activity of TCs showed significant (p < .01) increases in all stages; moreover, in pre-hierarchical TCs, the expression levels of FAS, SREBP, 3β-HSD and CCND1 were promoted, and PPARγ, CYP19, BCL2 and CAS3 were inhibited (p < .05); in the hierarchical TCs, the expression levels of PPARγ, FAS, CYP19, CCND1 and BCL2 were promoted, and SREBP, STAR, 3β-HSD and CAS3 were inhibited (p < .05), whereas in the F1 TCs, the expression levels of PPARγ, FAS, 3β-HSD, CYP19 and CCND1 were promoted, and STAR and CAS3 were inhibited (p < .05). These results suggested that GCs at the three FDSs have dynamic and complex influences on the physiological characteristics of TCs, and the influences on TCs at the three FDSs were varied. 相似文献
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V.B. Whitehead 《African Zoology》2013,48(2):87-90
Fideliids are ground-nesting bees, covered in a dense pale straw to brown pile, with pollen being carried on an abdominal scopa. Fidelia paradoxa, F. villosa and F. kobrowi are restricted to flowers of the Mesembryanthemaceae, and Parafidella major and two new Parafidelia species to Grielum and Neuradopsls (Roseaceae). Parafidelia ornata collects pollen mainly from Tribulus and Tribulocarpus and P. pallidula only from Sisyndite (Zygophyllaceae). Parafidelia friesei visits flowers of Sesamum (Pedaliaceae) and Fidelia braunsiana is confined to Berkheya (Asteraceae). The rainfall pattern divides the species into early summer bees (7 species) of the winter rainfall and autumn bees (4 species) of the summer rainfall areas. Two of the above species have populations in both regions. The winter rainfall bees have a south-western distribution with Graaff-Reinet the eastern limit but the summer rainfall species occur further north, with the eastern Botswana border their eastern limit and Keimoes on the Orange River their southern limit. 相似文献
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Recreational sandboxes for children and dogs can be a source of epidemic ribotypes of Clostridium difficile 
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下载免费PDF全文 Cristina Orden Carlos Neila José L. Blanco Sergio Álvarez‐Pérez Celine Harmanus Ed J. Kuijper Marta E. García 《Zoonoses and public health》2018,65(1):88-95
Different studies have suggested that the sand of public playgrounds could have a role in the transmission of infections, particularly in children. Furthermore, free access of pets and other animals to the playgrounds might increase such a risk. We studied the presence of Clostridium difficile in 20 pairs of sandboxes for children and dogs located in different playgrounds within the Madrid region (Spain). Clostridium difficile isolation was performed by enrichment and selective culture procedures. The genetic (ribotype and amplified fragment length polymorphism [AFLP]) diversity and antibiotic susceptibility of isolates was also studied. Overall, 52.5% (21/40) of samples were positive for the presence of C. difficile. Eight of the 20 available isolates belonged to the toxigenic ribotypes 014 (n = 5) and 106 (n = 2), both regarded as epidemic, and CD047 (n = 1). The other 12 isolates were non‐toxigenic, and belonged to ribotypes 009 (n = 5), 039 (n = 4), and 067, 151 and CD048 (one isolate each). Nevertheless, all isolates (even those of a same ribotype) were classified into different AFLP genotypes indicating non‐relatedness. In conclusion, our results revealed the presence of epidemic ribotypes of C. difficile in children's and dog's sandboxes located nearby, which constitutes a major health risk. 相似文献
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Variations in genes involved in fat metabolism and their association with ultrasonic and carcass traits in Japanese Black steers 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Fortune N. Jomane Takafumi Ishida Tadaaki Tokunaga Tetsuo Morita 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(3):413-420
Polymorphisms in genes involved in lipid metabolism have been reported to be associated with fatty acid composition of adipose tissue. However, the relationship of these polymorphisms with premortem ultrasonic traits is unknown. The objective of this study, therefore, was to assess the association between polymorphisms in fatty acid synthase, stearoyl‐coenzyme A desaturase (SCD), sterol regulatory element‐binding protein 1 (SREBP1), diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1, and nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group H, number 3 genes with ultrasonic and carcass traits in Japanese Black steers (n = 300) under progeny testing at the Livestock Improvement Association of Miyazaki. To have a comprehensive analysis of the association between the aforementioned genetic polymorphisms and ultrasonic traits, longitudinal measurements of ultrasonic traits were taken. Furthermore, the association of these genetic polymorphisms and carcass traits was evaluated. The polymorphisms in the SCD gene and SREBP1 were associated (P < 0.05) with some ultrasonic traits at multiple stages. To add to that, the polymorphisms were associated (P < 0.05) with some carcass traits. These findings suggest that the polymorphisms in SCD and SREBP1 are functional mutations or could be related to mutations that can aid in selection to improve some ultrasonic and carcass traits. 相似文献
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Relationship between perilipin genes polymorphisms and growth,carcass and meat quality traits in pigs 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 S. Gol R. Ros‐Freixedes P. Zambonelli M. Tor R.N. Pena S. Braglia M. Zappaterra J. Estany R. Davoli 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2016,133(1):24-30
The perilipins (PLIN) belong to a family of structural proteins that play a role regulating intracellular lipid storage and mobilization. Here, PLIN1 and PLIN2 have been evaluated as candidate genes for growth, carcass and meat quality traits in pigs. A sample of 607 Duroc pigs were genotyped for two single‐nucleotide polymorphisms, one in intron 2 of the PLIN1 gene (JN860199:g.173G>A) and the other at the 3′ untranslated region of the PLIN2 gene (GU461317:g.98G>A). Using a Bayesian approach, we have been able to find evidence of additive, dominant and epistatic associations of the PLIN1 and PLIN2 polymorphisms with early growth rate and carcass length. However, the major effects were produced by the dominant A allele at the PLIN2 polymorphism, which also affected the carcass lean weight. Thus, pigs carrying an additional copy of the A allele at the g.98G>A PLIN2 polymorphism had a probability of at least 98% of producing carcasses with heavier lean weight (+0.41 kg) and ham weight (+0.10 kg). The results obtained indicate that the PLIN2 polymorphism could be a useful marker for lean growth. In particular, it may help to reduce the undesired negative correlated response in lean weight to selection for increased intramuscular fat content, a common scenario in some Duroc lines involved in the production of high quality pork products. 相似文献