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低温胁迫对菜用大豆生长、叶片活性氧及多胺代谢的影响 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
选用两种耐低温性不同的菜用大豆品种——‘沪宁95-1’(耐低温)和‘台湾75’(低温敏感),对低温胁迫下两者的生长、叶片活性氧及多胺代谢进行了比较。结果表明,低温胁迫后两者生物量积累显著受到抑制,但‘沪宁95-1’受抑制程度显著小于‘台湾75’;低温胁迫下两者叶片抗氧化酶活性、O·-2生成速率、H2O2和MDA含量均显著升高,但‘沪宁95-1’叶片抗氧化酶活性显著高于‘台湾75’,O·-2生成速率、H2O2和MDA含量则显著低于‘台湾75’;低温胁迫后‘沪宁95-1’叶片不同形态腐胺、亚精胺和精胺含量均显著上升,‘台湾75’叶片不同形态腐胺含量显著下降,游离态、结合态亚精胺和精胺含量显著上升,束缚态亚精胺和精胺含量变化不显著。以上结果表明,低温胁迫下不同形态腐胺、束缚态亚精胺和精胺与‘沪宁95-1’较低的生长抑制、较低的氧化损伤以及较高的保护酶活性有关,可能在菜用大豆耐寒性方面发挥重要作用。 相似文献
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石竹试管苗成花与多胺代谢的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以无根石竹试管苗为试材 ,通过外源多胺及多胺生物合成抑制剂调控石竹试管成花 ,研究其内源多胺代谢与成花的关系 .研究表明 ,外源多胺及多胺生物合成抑制剂影响石竹内源腐胺 (Put)、亚精胺 (Spd)、精胺 (Spm)及二丙胺(Dap)的代谢水平 .5× 10 - 2 mmol L的外源Spd、Spm有利于石竹试管苗成花 ,可将成花率由 36 7%分别提高到 6 0 %和4 8 3% .5mmol L的二氟甲基鸟氨酸 (DFMO)、环己胺硫酸盐 (CHAS)完全抑制成花 ,相同浓度的二氟甲基精氨酸 (DF MA)对成花影响不大 ,说明鸟氨酸脱羧酶 (ODC)比精氨酸脱羧酶 (ADC)作用更大 ,Spd的代谢水平与石竹试管成花密切相关 相似文献
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Suping Wang Yongxia Jia Shirong Guo Guoxian Zhou 《Frontiers of Agriculture in China》2007,1(4):430-437
Seedlings from the salt-sensitive cucumber cultivar Jinchun No. 2 and the salt-tolerant cucumber cultivar Changchun Mici were
exposed for 8 days to 50 mmol/L NaCl in the absence or in the presence of exogenous foliar spraying PAs [putrescine (Put),
spermidine (Spd), and spermine (Spm) 1 mmol/L] to compare the effects of different kinds of polyamines (PAs) on plant tolerance
to salinity. This paper studied the effects of exogenous PAs on K+, Na+ and Cl− in different organs of cucumber seedlings. The results showed that K+ content as well as the ratios of K/Na and Cl/Na decreased, while Na+ and Cl− concentrations increased in salt-treated cucumber seedlings. The differences in K+, Na+ and Cl− content and the K/Na and Cl/Na ratios were greater for the salt sensitive cultivar Jinchun No. 2 than for the salt-tolerant
cultivar Changchun Mici. Cucumber seedlings treated with exogenous polyamines and combined with salinity exhibited a higher
level of K+ accumulation and lower levels of Na+ and Cl− accumulation compared with the seedlings treated only with salt stress. Among the three kinds of polyamines, Spd and Spm
were more effective in inhibiting the accumulation of Na+ and reduction of K+. However, Put was more effective in reducing Cl− accumulation. Furthermore, all of the three kinds of exogenous polyamines could increase the ratio of K/Na, improving the
absorption and transport selectivities of K+ and Na+ from stems to leaves for both cultivars. In conclusion, exogenous polyamines could alleviate salt damage to some extent and
enhance the accumulation of biomass. Among the three kinds of polyamines, spermidine was most effective. Exogenous polyamines
could improve tolerance of cucumber seedlings under salt stress by regulating the absorption and distribution of ions in different
organs.
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Translated from Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2007, 27(3): 1122–1129 [译自: 生态学报] 相似文献
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[目的]探讨豆梨(Pyrus calleryana Dcne)和杜梨(P.betulaefolia Bunge)砧木根系中多胺代谢与其耐高温胁迫的关系,对维持根系正常代谢具有重要意义。[方法]以豆梨和杜梨实生苗为试材,比较了45℃处理下2种砧木叶片落叶率的变化,以及在30和45℃下供试材料根系内源多胺种类、形态和含量变化。[结果]豆梨达到65%落叶率的时间比杜梨早8 d;2种砧木根系中均存在游离态和结合态腐胺、己二胺、亚精胺和精胺4种内源多胺;高温胁迫导致2种供试材料的游离态和结合态腐胺、亚精胺及精胺的含量均升高,其中杜梨根系中游离态腐胺、亚精胺和精胺含量,以及结合态精胺含量显著高于豆梨。[结论]多胺代谢变化与供试材料的耐高温胁迫能力有密切关系。 相似文献
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[目的]探讨多胺引发对黑麦草胚生理生化和种子发芽的影响。[方法]以一年生黑麦草(钻石T和牧乐8000)为材料,种子经0.5mmol/L的腐胺(Put)、亚精胺(Spd)和精胺(Spm)引发24h后,在5℃下低温吸胀不同时间(12、24、36和48h),分析Put、Spd和Spm引发对一年生黑麦草种子吸胀中耐冷性和种子发芽能力的影响。[结果]Put、Spd和Spm引发提高了胁迫期间种子胚内过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性,以及可溶性蛋白质含量,同时也显著提高发芽率、缩短平均发芽时间。低温吸胀48h后,与对照相比,Put、Spd和Spm处理分别提高一年生黑麦草种子的平均发芽率15.5%和12.0%,分别缩短平均发芽时间1.21和1.14d。在种子吸胀期间的耐冷性牧乐8000强于钻石T。总体而言,Put、Spd和Spm处理能提高一年生黑麦草种子吸胀期间的耐冷性,提高低温胁迫下种子发芽能力。[结论]该研究结果为种子引发技术在一年生黑麦草生产上的应用提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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[目的]研究不同浓度腐胺(Put)和精胺(Spm)对NaCl胁迫下草莓(Fragaria×ananassa)叶片膜脂过氧化作用的影响,为进一步探讨多胺参与草莓耐盐性反应的作用机理奠定基础。[方法]试验共设8个处理:清水处理(CK),120 mmol/L NaCl,1×10-3mol/L Spm+120 mmol/L NaCl,1×10-4 mol/L Spm+120 mmol/L NaCl,1×10-5 mol/L Spm+120 mmol/L NaCl,1×10-3 mol/L Put+120 mmol/L NaCl,1×10-4 mol/L Put+120 mmol/L NaCl,1×10-5mol/L Put+120 mmol/L NaCl。[结果]腐胺和精胺处理能够降低NaCl胁迫下草莓叶片内O2-.含量、MDA含量和细胞膜透性,提高SOD和POD活性,降低膜脂过氧化水平,提高膜稳定性,进而提高草莓的抗盐性。[结论]Put和Spm能增强植物对盐胁迫的抗性,以1×10-5mol/L Put处理与1×10-3mol/L Spm处理效果最佳。 相似文献
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《农业科学学报》2012,11(10):1675-1681
Either arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) or polyamines (PAs) may change root system architecture (RSA) of plants, whereas the interaction of AMF and PAs on RSA remains unclear. In the present study, we studied the interaction between AMF (Paraglomus occultum) and exogenous PAs, including putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd) and spermine (Spm) on mycorrhizal development of different parts of root system, plant growth, RSA and carbohydrate concentrations of 6-m-old citrus (Citrus tangerine Hort. ex Tanaka) seedlings. After 14 wk of PAs application, PA-treated mycorrhizal seedlings exhibited better mycorrhizal colonization and numbers of vesicles, arbuscules, and entry points, and the best mycorrhizal status of taproot, first-, second-, and third-order lateral roots was respectively found in mycorrhizal seedlings supplied with Put, Spd and Spm, suggesting that PAs might act as a regulated factor of mycorrhizal development through transformation of root sucrose more into glucose for sustaining mycorrhizal development. AMF usually notably increases RSA traits (taproot length, total length, average diameter, projected area, surface area, volume, and number of first-, second-, and third-order lateral roots) of only PA-treated seedlings. Among the three PA species, greater positive effects on RSA change and plant biomass increment of the seedlings generally rank as Spd>Spm>Put, irrespective of whether or not AMF colonization. PAs significantly changed the RSA traits in mycorrhizal but not in non-mycorrhizal seedlings. It suggests that the application of PAs (especially Spd) to AMF plants would optimize RSA of citrus seedlings, thus increasing plant growth (shoot and root dry weight). 相似文献
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Changes in the vascular cylinder of wild soybean （Glycine soja Sieb. et Zucc） roots under alkaline stress were investigated in an experiment that applied 90 mmol L1 alkaline stress for 10 d at the five-trifoliate plant growth stage in Huinan County, Jilin Province, China. Root samples were collected and paraffin-cut sections were made, and the root structure was observed under an optical microscope. There were significant changes in the vascular cylinder of G. soja roots under alkaline stress. Root diameter was reduced and the vascular cylinder changed from tetrarch to triarch pattern. Alkaline stress resulted in reduced, diameters of root vessels, and a large amount of residual, alkaline solution was stained cyaneous in vessels. The paratracheal parenchymatous cells of the vessels were large and there was little secondary xylem. Thus, alkaline stress caused structural changes in the vascular cylinder of G. soja. 相似文献
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水分胁迫下水稻幼苗多胺含量变化与抗旱性的关系 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以籼稻品种旱116、湘早籼32号为材料,不同质量分数(0%、5%、10%、15%、20%、25%)聚乙二醇(PEG6000)模拟自然干旱,研究水分胁迫下水稻腐胺(Put)、亚精胺(Spd)、精胺(Spm)含量的变化与抗旱性的关系.结果表明:水分胁迫下水稻幼苗Put、Spd和Spm含量明显上升,且旱116的上升幅度明显大于湘早籼32号,Put、Spd和Spm含量与根冠比呈正相关.回归分析结果表明,Put对湘早籼32号地上部干重,Spd对旱116地上部及湘早籼32号根部干重,Spm对旱116和湘早籼32号根部干重影响显著. 相似文献
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渗透胁迫下外源精胺对水稻幼苗多胺含量及抗旱性的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
PEG6000模拟干旱条件,研究渗透胁迫下外源精胺(Spm)对水稻幼苗生长及多胺含量的影响.结果表明:渗透胁迫下,水稻幼苗根系干物重、根冠比呈上升趋势,腐胺(Put)、亚精胺(Spd)、精胺(Spm)含量增加.外源精胺处理可促进根系于物重,根冠比的增大及Put、SPd、Spm含量的增加,且对抗旱性强的品种促进作用明显于... 相似文献
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[目的]研究外源多胺处理苹果花柱后自花授粉花粉管生长情况,获得能提高不同苹果品种自交坐果率的外源多胺适宜浓度,为提高苹果自交亲和率提供科学依据.[方法]以红奥、早红香、嘎拉、斗南、富士、金冠和夏光7个苹果品种的花柱和花粉为试验材料,用花柱半离体方法研究外源多胺对苹果自花授粉花粉管生长的影响.[结果]适宜浓度的外源Spm、Spd和Put处理自交不亲和苹果花柱后,均能提高花柱伸出花粉管比率和每根花柱管伸出花粉管数,其中红奥苹果花柱最适宜的Spm浓度为0.100 mmol/L,其他自交不亲和品种均为0.005 mmol/L;除金冠和夏光苹果适宜的Put浓度为0.25 mmol/L外,其他自交不亲和品种为0.01 mmol/L;适宜红奥和富士苹果的Spd浓度为0.01 mmol/L,适宜斗南、金冠和嘎拉苹果的Spd浓度为0.50 mmol/L,适宜夏光苹果的Spd浓度为0.25 mmol/L.[结论]一定浓度的外源多胺能够提高自交不亲和苹果品种的自交坐果率. 相似文献
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依次经粗提、丙酮沉淀和Sepharose Cl-4B柱层析等步骤对菜豆(Phaseolus vulgarisL.)多胺氧化酶进行了分离提纯.结果表明,纯化倍数为115.9,产率达43.90%.进一步分析该酶的部分催化性质表明,其最适底物为腐胺(Put),其次是尸胺(Cad);另外该酶对亚精胺(Spd)和精胺(Spm)也有一定的催化作用;该酶以Put和Cad为底物时的最适pH值均为7.0,以Spd和Spm为底物时的最适pH值为6.7. 相似文献
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两系杂交稻胚乳内源多胺及其与粒重关系研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以粒重差异明显的两系杂交稻为材料，研究上部籽粒和下部籽粒胚乳内源多胺变化及其与粒重的关系．结果显示：灌浆前期，籽粒中Put（腐胺）、Spd（亚精胺）和Spm（精胺）的含量，上部籽粒高于下部籽粒，粒重大的组合高于粒重小的组合，尤以Put和Spd更明显；籽粒胚乳中Spd和Spm的含量，以及Spd／Spm，Put／Spd和Put／Spm的值与实粒平均千粒重呈正相关。表明多胺特别是Spd和Spm对水稻籽粒充实和增加粒重有重要作用． 相似文献
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以一年生平邑甜茶幼苗为材料,在水培条件下研究了盐胁迫下平邑甜茶叶片内源游离态多胺、丙二醛（MDA）含量的变化以及外源多胺和多胺合成抑制剂对它们的影响。结果表明：盐胁迫下平邑甜茶叶片中MDA含量显著增加,精胺（Spm）和亚精胺（Spd）含量明显降低,腐胺（Put）含量显著增加,（Spd＋Spm）/Put显著降低,多胺总量... 相似文献
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选用对Cd胁迫抗性不同的玉米品种,通过水培试验在苗期进行Cd胁迫处理,测定不同玉米品种内源精胺(Spm)、亚精胺(Spd)和腐胺(Put)含量变化,同时结合外源多胺处理,测定玉米苗期植株生长、抗氧化酶活性以及光合速率等指标,分析Cd胁迫下多胺对玉米苗期生长的影响及其生理机制。结果表明,Cd胁迫通过破坏玉米植株体内的抗氧化酶系统,诱导玉米植株体内活性氧过量产生、降低叶绿体含量、抑制玉米光合作用,从而抑制玉米植株的生长发育;Cd胁迫下玉米植株中内源Spd和Spm含量的提高有利于增强玉米幼苗对Cd胁迫的抗性,而外源Spd和Spm则显著促进了玉米幼苗的生长。这表明,Spd和Spm能够有效缓解Cd胁迫对玉米幼苗生长的抑制作用,其机制可能与其能缓解Cd对抗氧化酶系统的破坏、抑制活性氧的产生、提高叶绿素含量和植株的光合作用等因素有关;与此不同,Put可能在缓解玉米Cd胁迫的过程中未起主要作用。 相似文献
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The aim of the study is to determine whether grafting could improve antioxidant enzyme activities and polyamine contents in leaves of cucumber plants（Cucumis sativus L.cv.Xintaimici） under copper stress.Grafted（using Cucurbita ficifolia as rootstock） and ungrafted cucumber seedlings were cultured in deep flow technique（DFT） with the Cu2＋ concentration of 40 μmol L-1.The results showed that on the 9th day of copper stress treatment,the contents of malondialdehyde（MDA） and hydrogen peroxide（H2O2）,superoxide radical（） producing rate,and electrolyte leakage percentage were significantly lower in grafted seedlings in comparison to those of the ungrafted seedlings,whereas the activities of antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase（SOD,EC 1.15.1.1）,peroxidase（POD,EC 1.11.1.7）,ascorbate peroxidase（APX,EC 1.11.1.11）,catalase（CAT,EC 1.11.1.6）,glutathione reductase（GR,EC 1.6.4.2）,and monodehydroascorbate reductase（MDHAR,EC 1.6.5.4） of grafted seedlings were also significantly higher than that of ungrafted seedlings,and the contents of free proline and soluble protein of grafted seedlings were significantly higher than that of ungrafted seedlings.Cu2＋ treatment increased the putrescine（Put） level and lowered the spermidine（Spd） and spermine（Spm） levels,thereby reducing the Put/（Spd ＋ Spm） ratio in leaves of grafted and ungrafted seedlings.Grafting markedly reversed these Cu-induced effects for all three PAs and partially restored the Put/（Spd ＋ Spm） ratio in leaves.These results suggest that grafting can enhance the tolerance of cucumber seedlings to Cu2＋ stress by increasing the activities of antioxidants and the levels of endogenous Spd and Spm,decreasing the Put/（Spd ＋ Spm） ratio and the levels of ROS,promoting free proline and soluble protein synthesis in cucumber seedling leaves. 相似文献
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Physiological responses to low temperature were analyzed in a chilling-tolerant centipedegrass (Eremochloa ophiuroides) accession, Shao Guan (SG), in comparison to the commercial cultivar, Common. Lower levels of ion leakage and higher chlorophyll (Chl) concentration were observed in SG than in Common during chilling stress. The maximum photochemical efficiency, the actual photosystem II (PSII) efficiency, photochemical quenching efficiency, and net photosynthetic rate were decreased during chilling stress in both genotypes, with higher levels of these parameters shown by SG than Common. In addition, higher activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate-peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR), and higher concentrations of ascorbic acid (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) were observed in SG than in Common. Moreover, higher concentrations of putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd), and spermine (Spm) were observed in SG than in Common. Correlation analysis indicated that SOD, CAT, APX and GR activities, and AsA and GSH concentrations showed high correlation to Put, while APX, GR, and AsA concentrations were correlated to Spd. Exogenous Put or Spd increased antioxidant enzyme activities and chilling tolerance. The results suggested that polyamine-regulated antioxidants are important for chilling tolerance in centipedegrass and protect plants against chilling induced oxidative damage. 相似文献
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《农业科学学报》2016,(12)
Drought is a multifaceted stress condition that inhibits crop growth. Seed germination is one of the critical and sensitive stages of plants, and its process is inhibited or even entirely prevented by drought. Polyamines(PAs) are closely associated with plant resistance to drought stress and seed germination. However, little is known about the effect of PA on the seed germination of wheat under drought stress. This study investigated the involvement of PAs in regulating wheat seed germination under drought stress. Six wheat genotypes differing in drought resistance were used, and endogenous PA levels were measured during seed germination under different water treatments. In addition, external PA was used for seed soaking and the variation of hormones, total soluble sugar and starch were measured during the seed germination under different water treatments. These results indicated that the free spermidine(Spd) accumulation in seeds during the seed germination period favored wheat seed germination under drought stress; however, the free putrescine(Put) accumulation in seeds during the seed germination period may work against wheat seed germination under drought stress. In addition, seed soaking in Spd and spermine(Spm) significantly relieved the inhibition of seed germination by drought stress; however, soaking seeds in Put had no significant effect on seed germination under drought. External Spd and Spm significantly increased the endogenous indole-3-acetic acid(IAA), zeatin(Z)+zeatin riboside(ZR), abscisic acid(ABA), and gibberellins(GA) contents in seeds and accelerated the seed starch degradation and increased the concentration of soluble sugars in seeds during seed germination. This may promote wheat seed germination under drought stress. In conclusion, free Spd and Put are key factors for regulating wheat seed germination under drought stress and the effects of Spd and Put on seed germination under drought notably related to hormones and starch metabolism. 相似文献