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直接荧光抗体法检测禽波氏杆菌 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
制备了兔抗禽波氏杆菌特异性荧光抗体并建立了直接荧光抗体检测方法 ,对禽波氏杆菌在人工感染雏鸡内的致病机理作了初步研究。结果 ,该荧光抗体只与其相应菌株发生特异性荧光反应 ,而不与其他病原菌株发生反应。对人工感染发病雏鸡的检测结果表明 ,禽波氏杆菌主要定植于上呼吸道黏膜 ,并造成损害。该技术具有简便、快速、敏感和特异性强等优点 相似文献
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本试验以超声破碎和高速离心方法提取禽波氏杆菌外膜蛋白,作为抗原免疫家兔,制备并纯化兔抗禽波氏杆菌外膜蛋白IgG,建立了能进行禽波氏杆菌抗原定位和检测的间接免疫酶组化法,并对试验条件进行了优化。对禽波氏杆菌人工感染海兰褐雏鸡的检测结果表明,该法能特异性地对气管、肺、肝、心、脾、肾中的禽波氏杆菌进行抗原定位,同细菌分离鉴定的结果符合率为100％。同时对感染鸡胚肝脏和心脏中禽波氏杆菌的检测结果均为阳性。该法具有高度敏感性和特异性特点,可用于禽波氏杆菌临床和试验感染条件下的诊断和定位检测。 相似文献
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本研究利用热酚水法从营养琼脂培养基上生长的禽波氏杆菌菌苔提取其内毒素精品，用此提取物通过家兔 Ｓｈｗ ａｒｔｚｍ ａｎ 试验及鸡胚、雏鸡和小白鼠接种试验，对禽波氏杆菌内毒素的致病性进行研究探讨。试验结果表明：该内毒素对鸡胚、小白 鼠的致病性较强，而雏鸡、家兔具有较强的抵抗力，但各种发病死亡动物的病变特征、病变性质、致死原因基本一致，均表现为急性败血症性病变，心、肝、肾、肺等多器官功能急性衰竭是致死动物的主要原因。本文还就禽波氏杆菌内毒素的致病机理进行了探讨。 相似文献
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为研究禽波氏杆菌感染鸡后在体内组织器官中的定植规律及其在不同组织细胞中的定位、定量状况,本试验对禽波氏杆菌感染鸡组织器官的固定剂进行了筛选,制备石蜡切片,选择良好的粘片剂,利用纯化的兔抗禽波氏杆菌外膜蛋白IgG作为一抗,建立了能进行禽波氏杆菌抗原定位检测的间接免疫荧光组化法,并对禽波氏杆菌人工感染鸡进行了检测。经多次优化,确定将10%中性福尔马林作为固定剂固定组织24 h,0.1%多聚-L-赖氨酸作为切片的粘片剂。最佳工作条件为2%脱脂奶粉37℃封闭30 min;兔抗禽波氏杆菌外膜蛋白IgG 1:100稀释,4℃孵育过夜;荧光素标记羊抗兔二抗1:20稀释,37℃作用30 min。该方法重复性和特异性检测良好,对禽波氏杆菌感染雏鸡组织器官的检测结果表明,该法能特异性地对鸡组织器官中的禽波氏杆菌进行抗原定位,气管、肺脏、肝脏、心脏、脾脏、肾脏中的禽波氏杆菌抗原均呈现特异性荧光信号,同细菌分离鉴定方法检测的阳性符合率为99.27%。试验结果表明,本试验所建立的间接免疫荧光组化法可作为一种有效的检测方法用于禽波氏杆菌致病机制的研究。 相似文献
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《中国兽医学报》2017,(11):2083-2089
以从孵化场将出壳鸡胚中分离到的鸡胚强毒株禽波氏杆菌LL09作为试验菌株,分别经鼻腔、眼睛和腹腔3种感染方式和1,7,14,21d不同日龄感染海蓝褐蛋雏鸡,检测其致病过程、病理变化,以及LL09在不同感染方式和不同感染日龄对雏鸡的生长抑制和NDV灭活苗免疫后HI抗体水平的影响差异。结果发现:LL09能引起雏鸡眼睛分泌物增多,咳嗽等呼吸道症状,且能入侵内脏组织,导致气管黏膜纤毛细胞脱落,肺出血,心肌细胞、肝细胞、脾细胞、肾小管上皮细胞等变性坏死等病理变化。3种感染方式中以腹腔感染危害最为严重,入侵内脏组织的比例最高,对雏鸡的生长抑制作用最强,对NDV免疫后HI抗体水平的影响最大,其次是经鼻腔感染组和经眼睛感染组。LL09分别于不同日龄感染雏鸡结果发现,感染日龄与LL09对雏鸡的危害直接相关,越早期感染,对雏鸡的体质量抑制越严重,对NDV免疫后的HI抗体水平的影响越大,内脏组织的感染几率越高。尤其是1d和7d感染组危害比较严重,而21d感染雏鸡症状不明显,且未在除气管和肺脏以外的内脏组织中检测到LL09的感染。对禽波氏杆菌LL09鸡胚强毒株的致病性检测结果表明,LL09作为鸡胚分离株,同样可以导致禽类的呼吸道感染,且能入侵内脏组织,以腹腔感染和1周内感染的危害最为严重。 相似文献
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禽波氏杆菌与支气管败血波氏杆菌的生物学特性比较研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验从菌体形态，培养特性、生化特性，血清学特性、致病性，药敏特性等方面对禽波氏杆菌与支气管败血波氏杆菌进行了比较，结果表明：二者在形态结构，生化特性等方面比较一致，在培养特性，血清学特性，致病性等方面存在差异。 相似文献
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The G-4260, IR-N, M-6, and M-8 strains of avian nephritis virus (ANV) were inoculated orally into 1-day-old specific-pathogen-free chicks of the line PDL-1 for pathological and serological study. Five of 15 chicks inoculated with the G-4260 strain died with visceral urate depositions. One of 15 chicks each inoculated with the M-6 and M-8 strains died with nephrosis and visceral urate deposition, respectively. No chicks inoculated with the IR-N strain died. Mean body weights of ANV-inoculated chicks, except for the IR-N-inoculated chicks, at 14 days postinoculation (PI) were significantly lower than those of control chicks (P less than 0.01). However, interstitial nephritis was observed in all ANV-inoculated birds that were histopathologically examined at 14 days PI. In the serological study, the G-4260 and IR-N strains were classified as the same serotype, and the M-6 and M-8 strains were classified as a different serotype from the G-4260 and IR-N strains. These results indicate that there at least two serotypes of ANV and its strains differ in pathogenicity. 相似文献
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The pathogenicities of inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) and hydropericardium syndrome (HPS) strains of adenovirus for specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chicks were compared. One-day-old SPF chicks inoculated intramuscularly with the DPI-2 (serotype 2), S-PL1 (serotype 2), TR630 (serotype 8), and Saga97 (serotype 8) strains from IBH and with the LVP-1 strain (serotype 4) from HPS exhibited the mortality, liver enlargement, and hydropericardium characteristic of gross change found in HPS. The chicks inoculated with the IBH and HPS strains exhibited similar histologic and immunohistochemical changes. Neither mortality nor pathologic changes occurred in 3-wk-old SPF chicks inoculated with IBH strains, although HPS strain induced HPS lesions in them. This study indicates that IBH strains of adenovirus can also reproduce HPS lesions and mortality in 1-day-old SPF chicks and that IBH and HPS strains may have similar pathogenicities except for their different virulence for older chickens. 相似文献
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White Leghorn chicks used in this study were hatched from specific pathogen-free eggs. The colonizing capability of Campylobacter (C.) jejuni strains was investigated in 6 experiments. The formation of specific antibodies associated to colonization was also detected. In each experiment, day of hatch chicks were randomly separated into three groups of 24 birds each: two groups colonized experimentally and one control group. Chicks were reared on the floor in three separated, adjacent rooms with sterilized wood shavings as litter. At 2 or 8 days of age, respectively, the chicks in the experimentally colonized groups received between 3.3 x 10(7) and 2.0 x 10(8) colony-forming units (CFU) of C. jejuni via oesophageal gavage. Furthermore, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42 and 56 days after inoculation, 4 chicks of each group were sacrificed by cervical dislocation, at which time blood, liver and faeces were collected for processing. Serum was centrifuged and Campylobacter-specific IgG, IgA and IgM antibodies were measured by an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Altogether, the colonizing capability of 11 C. jejuni strains was examined. Surprisingly, there were large differences between the C. jejuni isolates. After these experiments, we could divide the isolates into three groups. 4 out of 11 isolates could not be reisolated, 2 isolates caused weak or delayed colonization and 5 C. jejuni produced strong, long-lasting colonization. In the first days of life (9 days), the C. jejuni-free SPF chicks (control animals) had high IgG titres in sera, which decreased markedly up to the age of 15 days. During the experiments the IgM and IgA titres remained nearly at the same level, i.e., the amounts of maternal antibodies were low and there was no evidence for antibody formation in the chicks themselves. Two- and 8-day-old chicks were inoculated with C. jejuni strain Penner 1. Two-day-old chicks were colonized 3 weeks after inoculation. In comparison with these animals, 8-day-old chicks were colonized already 2 weeks after inoculation. There is the assumption, that the higher maternal antibodies in 2-day-old chicks could be responsible for this delay. In chicks the C. jejuni colonization resulted in a marked IgG (but not IgM and IgA) increase. Apparently, there is a positive relationship between the counts of this pathogen in caeca and the IgG increase. 相似文献
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Davidson I Borenshtain R Weisman Y 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2002,49(2):83-87
The study describes three polymerase chain reaction (PCR) systems for the CVI988 vaccine virus: the meq gene, the MDV BamHI-D/H 132 bp tandem repeat fragment and the MDV-gB gene. Whereas the PCR product of virulent MDV strains and of the CVI988 virus strain with the meq and the 132 bp primer sets differed for the two templates, the MDV-gB PCR products were similar. The sensitivity of the three PCRs was determined for the two templates: the CVI988 DNA was detected up to 2.48 plaque forming units, and a MDV-1 DNA, was amplified with the 132 bp primers up to the 10(-3) DNA dilution, and up to the 10(-2) with the MDV-gB and meq gene primers. As conventional detection for the CVI988 vaccine virus is by tissue culture, the aim was to analyse the feasibility of the molecular detection of the vaccine virus in the vaccinated chick. In two experimental trials employing specific pathogen free and commercial Lohmann chicks, respectively, the vaccine virus replicated to a limited extent; it was detected only in the spleen of up to 60% chicks at 2-4 weeks and in one chick at 3 weeks, respectively. The survey of three commercial Lohmann flocks, kept in biosecurity conditions, revealed the vaccine virus only in the spleen of 40% of 30-day-old chicks. The present study shows that CV1988 DNA is present in vaccinated chicks in a low quantity and it is difficult to detect directly from the chick, probably because vaccine viruses are latent in vivo. For an efficient detection it is pertinent to cultivate the vaccine virus on chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF), as then the virus escapes the latent state, enters into the productive mode of replication, and a high viral copy number is produced. 相似文献
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为研究不同断喙方式对雏鸡生长性能和免疫功能的影响,将720只1日龄蛋雏鸡随机分为不断喙、红外线断喙和热刀断喙组。测量不同时间雏鸡喙长度、体重、采食量和饲料浪费量,计数血液中异嗜性粒细胞和淋巴细胞数,通过生化分析和ELISA试剂盒检测血浆中蛋白和细胞因子含量。致死雏鸡后,采集脾和法氏囊并称重,对脾进行组织学和Real-time PCR检测。结果显示,断喙显著降低雏鸡喙长度,且红外线断喙效果更明显;断喙显著减少饲料浪费量,但不影响采食量;红外线断喙组4日龄雏鸡体重显著低于不断喙组;红外线断喙组29日龄雏鸡传染性法氏囊病毒抗体滴度极显著低于其他组;断喙对鸡血液中异嗜性粒细胞和淋巴细胞数、血浆中的蛋白、T细胞分化簇和细胞炎性因子的含量、脾和法氏囊器官指数、脾显微结构及其炎性因子和凋亡因子表达无显著影响。结果表明,断喙可显著减少饲料浪费,且红外线断喙比热刀断喙可更有效地保证断喙效果;红外线断喙可暂时性地引起雏鸡体重降低,但对后期体重无显著影响;1日龄时雏鸡在红外线断喙后又进行疫苗接种,可能会缩短疫苗对雏鸡的保护时间。 相似文献
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Isolation and characterization of attenuated plaque variants of infectious bursal disease virus 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Attenuated plaque variants were obtained from infectious bursal disease virus adapted to chick embryo cell cultures. The large plaque (Lp) clone and the small plaque (Sp) clone formed homogeneous plaques about 5 and 1 mm in diameter, respectively. Neutralization tests indicated that these clones differed little from their parent strain in antigenicity. Sp clones showed a retarded growth rate in chick embryo cell cultures as compared with Lp clones. The clones were significantly less pathogenic for chick embryos than the parent strain, although Lp clones were more pathogenic than Sp clones, and they were much less pathogenic for 1-day-old chicks and 28-day-old chickens. Both clones had immunizing potency in 28-day-old chickens, although the Lp clone had a somewhat higher potency than the Sp clone. These findings suggest the Lp and Sp clones, in particular the Lp clones, to be useful as live virus vaccine strains. 相似文献
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Technical and economic evaluation of different methods of Newcastle disease vaccine administration 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Degefa T Dadi L Yami A GMariam K Nassir M 《Journal of veterinary medicine. A, Physiology, pathology, clinical medicine》2004,51(7-8):365-369
Two types of locally produced live vaccines (HB1 and La Sota--lentogenic strains) and inactivated oil adjuvant (IOAV) vaccine were used to compare the efficiency of three vaccination techniques, namely drinking water, ocular and spray on broiler chicks. The ocular route of vaccination on 1-day-old chicks followed by a booster dose on the third week through the same route induced a significantly higher level of haemagglutination inhibition antibody titre (P < 0.0001). The highest mean antibody titre was log(2) 6.6 and 93.3% of the chicks were protected from the challenge. The spray technique induced a lower antibody titre (peak of log(2) 5.9) and only 53% of the chicks in this treatment survived against the challenge. The results of this study show that the ocular route is superior to the drinking water route, which is superior to the spray technique. The economic analysis result showed that the ocular HB1 and La Sota vaccine administration method to 1- and 21-day-old chicks gave the highest revenue followed by the drinking water method. In terms of total cost, the injection method required the highest cost (0.21 birr/chick) followed by the ocular method (0.18 birr/chick). The marginal cost of vaccine administration is too small compared with marginal revenues from relative effectiveness of the methods. The internal rate of return for the ocular method was very high. The results of sensitive analysis on revenues from different vaccination methods indicate that a 25% reduction in broiler price reduces the marginal revenue from the ocular method by 12 487 birr but this still does not prove that the ocular method is economically viable for small- and medium-scale poultry farms. 相似文献
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Two experiments were conducted to determine the effect of breeder vaccination program and maternal antibody on the efficacy of Newcastle disease immunization of 1-day-old chicks. Experimental protocol was the same for both. In the first experiment, broilers were from breeders that were 32 weeks old, and in the second experiment, broilers were from breeders 50 weeks old. Breeders received three live Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccines and either a killed vaccine at 18 weeks or continual live boosting at 60-to-70-day intervals through lay. Broilers were vaccinated at 1 day of age with a commercial coarse-spray machine; they were bled, sera were examined for antibody against NDV, and broilers were challenged with virulent NDV at 2, 4, and 6 weeks of age. In the first experiment, maternal antibody was higher in chicks from the younger breeders given the inactivated vaccine, and in the second experiment maternal antibody was higher in chicks from older breeders given continual live vaccines. Higher antibody in 1-day-old broilers resulted in fewer vaccine-induced reactions, less vaccine virus shed, and decreased duration of vaccine-induced immunity from coarse-spray vaccination. 相似文献
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In order to evaluate the protection conferred by an experimental inactivated vaccine against infectious coryza, three challenge trials were undertaken using 112 1-day-old broilers. The vaccine "Hepa Inmuno NC" included bacterial antigens of Avibacterium paragallinarum (serogroups A, B, variant B, and C) as well as antigens of Newcastle virus and hepatitis virus. Fifty-six broiler chicks were vaccinated at the first day of life at the hatchery while another 56 chicks were left unvaccinated. Three infection trials were conducted simultaneously using each of the three serogroups A, B, or C of Av. paragallinarum. In each trial, 17 vaccinated and 17 unvaccinated broilers were used. Challenge was performed at day 31 of life by injection, into the left infraorbital sinus, of approximately 1 x 10(5) colony forming units of the corresponding Av. paragallinarum strain. Clinical signs were recorded on day 2 postchallenge. All broilers were euthanatized and both infraorbital sinuses were bacteriologically examined for the presence of Av. paragallinarum on day 5 postchallenge. In comparison with the unvaccinated broilers, the vaccine significantly reduced the number of broilers with clinical signs after challenge with serogroup B, and significantly fewer vaccinated broilers were positive for the presence of Av. paragallinarum after challenge with serogroup C. On the other hand, no significant protection was observed when broilers were challenged with Av. paragallinarum from serogroup A. Despite the high infection rates in vaccinated chicks after an experimental infection with Av. paragallinarum, it was possible to reduce colonization of Av. paragallinarum (serogroup B) and clinical signs (serogroup C) in broiler chicks by vaccination at the first day of life. Further cross-protection trials should be done, including other Av. paragallinarum strains in the vaccine, especially those from serogroup A. 相似文献
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Immunosuppressive effect of infectious bursal disease virus strains of variable virulence for chickens. 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Infection of chicks with attenuated Lp and Sp clones of the RF-1 strain of infectious bursal disease virus was shown to exert no immunosuppressive effect, whereas the parent strain RF-1tc and the original virulent strain RF-1wt were immunosuppressive. One-day-old chicks infected with Lp and Sp clones showed no suppression of immunological response to live Newcastle disease vaccines B1 and TCND, and to bivalent infectious coryza vaccine. On the other hand, infection with RF-1tc or RF-1wt strains was immunosuppressive for these vaccines. The immunosuppressive effect of RF-1tc and RF-1wt strains was more pronounced for infectious coryza vaccine and B1 vaccine than for TCND vaccine. The immunosuppressive effect of RF-1tc and RF-1wt strains was lower when chicks were infected with these strains at the age of 21 days than when they were infected at one day of age. 相似文献