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比较硬果型番茄TS330 和软果型番茄A57 不同发育阶段的果实硬度变化,结果表明：绿熟期、转色期、红熟期TS330 果实硬度均显著高于A57,其中绿熟期果实硬度差异最大。绿熟期TS330 果皮细胞壁厚度、细胞致密度（单位厚度的细胞层数）和果胶含量显著高于A57。TS330、F1（TS330×A57）、A57 绿熟期果实硬度依次为26.86、21.09、19.11 kg ·cm-2。番茄果实硬度与果皮细胞致密度（相关系数0.96）、果胶含量（相关系数0.99）密切相关。TS330×A57 的F2 果实硬度
趋向正态分布,表明果实硬度受多位点控制。 相似文献
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水分胁迫对设施番茄结果期叶片衰老特性和根系活力的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以番茄"寿信98"为试材,设置4个土壤水分处理,土壤水分为田间持水量的70%~80%为正常灌溉(CK)、60%~70%为轻度胁迫、50%~60%为中度胁迫、40%~50%为重度胁迫,系统测定水分胁迫对设施番茄结果期植株叶片衰老特性和根系活力的影响。结果表明:番茄叶片细胞色素含量随胁迫程度的加重先升高后降低,轻度胁迫下细胞色素含量显著高于其它处理;随水分胁迫时间延长番茄叶绿素a、叶绿素b和类胡萝卜素含量均呈下降趋势。叶片组织的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性随水分胁迫时间延长均呈先增加后减少的趋势,不同土壤水分处理下,番茄叶片SOD和POD活性均表现为重度胁迫中度胁迫轻度胁迫CK,且2种抗氧化酶活性均在果实膨大期达到最大值。在果实膨大期,轻度胁迫、中度胁迫、重度胁迫下SOD活性分别是CK的1.00、1.82、1.68倍,而POD活性分别是CK的1.81、2.37、2.91倍。轻度胁迫显著增加番茄根系活力,而其它水分处理下番茄根系活力较CK均有不同程度的降低,成熟期轻度胁迫、中度胁迫、重度胁迫下番茄根系活力分别是CK处理的102.08%、90.62%、80.56%。因此,轻度水分胁迫有利于细胞色素合成和根系活力的提高,增加了设施番茄对水分逆境的耐受力,减缓植株的衰老进程。 相似文献
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以樱桃5号为试材，研究不同含盐量[0.05%(CK)、0.15%(T1)、0.30%(T2)、0.45%(T3)、0.60%(T4)]土壤条件下樱桃番茄果实发育过程中糖、酸类物质含量的变化及对植株生长的影响。结果表明：盐胁迫下，樱桃番茄果实发育过程中各阶段果实果糖含量均高于对照；葡萄糖含量大体上随果实发育进程逐渐升高，且在进入破色期后均高于对照；蔗糖含量呈先升高后降低的变化趋势，除T1处理红熟期果实外，其他处理蔗糖含量均高于对照；柠檬酸含量均呈先升高后降低的变化趋势，转色期、红熟期T2处理柠檬酸含量最高，且在红熟期显著高于对照；苹果酸含量呈先降低后升高的变化趋势，而对照苹果酸含量则持续降低。表明盐胁迫能够促进樱桃番茄果实中葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖、柠檬酸、苹果酸等物质的积累。低浓度盐胁迫（含盐量0.15%）下樱桃番茄植株生长正常，且单果质量与对照无显著差异，但高浓度盐胁迫（含盐量0.60%）下植株生长显著受抑制，单果质量显著下降。 相似文献
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使用番茄专用催熟剂在绿熟期和白熟期对番茄果实进行催熟处理,研究番茄专用催熟剂对番茄品质的影响。结果表明:与自然成熟的果实相比,番茄专用催熟剂对果实中VC、茄红素、TSS、总糖、滴定酸含量的影响不大,且能使番茄果实提早成熟上市,增加种植户的经济效益。 相似文献
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对酱用番茄病虫绿色防控技术进行阐述,认为番茄病虫防治要重点抓住育苗期、移栽期、开花期和果实膨大期4个关键预防时期。并对化学用药提出几点规范建议。 相似文献
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日光温室温光条件对番茄营养生长与果实膨大的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对早春日光温室番茄营养生长期和果实膨大期的光照和温度条件以及番茄生长状况的动态观测,研究了日光温室温光条件对番茄生长和果实膨大的影响。结果表明：在日光温室栽培的番茄营养生长期（3 月中旬）,日均气温、夜间平均温度和浅层地温能有效反映番茄叶面积、茎粗和株高增长的动态变化,光辐射量和昼夜平均温差对叶面积、茎粗和株高的增长影响不大。在番茄果实膨大期（4 月中旬）,日均气温、见光时段小时积温和光辐射量与果实膨大均呈极显著正相关;茎粗、叶面积与果实膨大呈极显著正相关,印证了果实膨大期源-库关系的建立。 相似文献
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外源油菜素内酯对弱光下番茄幼苗光合碳同化关键酶及其基因的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
以弱光敏感型番茄品种‘基尔斯’为试验材料,研究叶面喷施24–表油菜素内酯（EBR）对弱光胁迫下番茄幼苗生长、光合碳同化关键酶活性及基因表达的影响。结果表明,弱光胁迫下幼苗质量、茎粗和壮苗指数分别下降了70.5%、13.0%和77.7%,而株高增加了45.3%,说明外源EBR显著缓解了弱光胁迫对幼苗生长的抑制。弱光胁迫使番茄叶片净光合速率（Pn）降低42.8%,而喷施EBR后Pn提高到对照的72.0%。弱光胁迫导致番茄光合碳同化相关的核酮糖–1,5–二磷酸羧化/加氧酶（Rubisco）、果糖–1,6–二磷酸醛缩酶（Ald）、果糖–1,6–二磷酸酯酶（FBPase）和Rubisco活化酶（RCA）活性分别降低41.6%、31.3%、31.4%和19.6%,EBR处理后显著提高了这些酶的活性。同时弱光胁迫显著降低碳同化关键酶基因RbcL、RbcS、RCA、Ald、FBPase、SBPase、GAPDH、TK和PRK的表达量,而EBR显著提高这些基因的表达水平,其中SBPase和GAPDH的mRNA转录接近对照水平,TK和PRK的mRNA转录水平比对照提高了29%和37%。这些结果表明外源EBR通过调控弱光胁迫下番茄幼苗碳同化相关酶活性及其基因表达,提高叶片净光合速率,缓解弱光胁迫对植株的伤害,从而增强番茄幼苗的弱光耐性。 相似文献
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以4份黄瓜品系为试验材料,通过测定不同弱光处理下叶片叶绿素含量随时间变化的情况,探索黄瓜苗期耐弱光性鉴定的最适宜光照强度与最佳鉴定时期,同时对黄瓜苗期耐弱光性进行鉴定,并对黄瓜苗期的叶片叶绿素含量降低率与成株期的产量降低率、植株干质量降低率进行相关性分析,探究黄瓜苗期与成株期耐弱光性的相关性。结果表明:20mol·m~(-2)·s~(-1)弱光胁迫20d的幼苗叶片叶绿素含量降低率可以作为黄瓜苗期耐弱光筛选的快速鉴定指标。成株期产量的降低率与植株干质量的降低率均能反映成株期品种间耐弱光性的差异。苗期叶片叶绿素含量降低率与成株期的产量降低率呈显著正相关,不同品种在苗期和成株期的耐弱光性表现一致。W_(25)的耐弱光性较强,W_5的耐弱光性较差。 相似文献
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Tomato (cv. Durinta) plants were grown hydroponically under two electrical conductivities (EC, 2.3 and 4.5 dS m−1) of nutrient solution inside a greenhouse. The high EC treatment was initiated either immediately after anthesis (high EC treatment) or 4 weeks after anthesis (delayed high EC treatment). Fruits were harvested weekly beginning 2 weeks after anthesis, until all fruits reached the red stage (8 weeks after anthesis). Lycopene, chlorophyll, sugar and total soluble solid (TSS) concentrations of fruits were measured every week for all harvested tomatoes from the different ripeness stages. The results showed that lycopene concentration, fructose and glucose concentrations and TSS of red ripe tomato fruits were enhanced by both high EC and delayed high EC treatments compared to those in the low EC treatment. The lycopene concentration of red ripe tomato fruits in the high EC and the delayed high EC treatments showed an increase of 30–40% (1.29–1.39 mg g−1 dry matter) compared to those in the low EC treatment (0.99 mg g−1); however, there was no significant difference in the lycopene concentration between the high EC and delayed high EC treatments. TSS of red ripe tomato fruits grown in the high EC treatment was 6.1%, significantly greater than those grown in the delayed high EC treatment (5.7%). Weekly change in lycopene concentration indicated that lycopene synthesis was enhanced by the high EC treatment, regardless of the application timing. Regardless of EC treatment, chlorophyll concentration in fruit declined linearly during fruit development and ripening and reached non-detectable levels 7 weeks after anthesis. Our results indicated that: (1) accumulation of sugars and TSS in fruit was due to reduced water flux to the fruit under high EC as previously reported, and (2) lycopene synthesis was promoted by, but chlorophyll degradation was independent from, the osmotic and/or salt stress caused by the high EC. 相似文献
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The individual growth rates of the first five tomato fruits on 25 trusses of similar age within a crop grown in commercial glasshouse conditions were assessed from anthesis to ripening during April and May. Final size of fruit at ripening was proportional to the maximum rate of increase in fresh weight, about 40 d after anthesis, and related to the maximum rate of increase in diameter, between 15 and 20 d after anthesis, even though ripe fruit fresh weight varied from 20 g to over 100 g. On any one truss these fruit ripened within the same week, regardless of fruit size and prevailing growth rate. These findings suggest that final size was related to the peak fruit growth rate rather than the duration of development. A high growth rate late in development did not delay fruit ripening. The implications for recent continuous measurements of the diameter growth rate in young fruit are discussed. 相似文献
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番茄品种与砧木苗期耐盐性指标评价及耐盐品种筛选 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了筛选出耐盐的番茄品种和砧木品种,确定番茄幼苗的可适应盐浓度、筛选强度和可用于鉴别番茄苗期耐盐性的指标,试验以19 个番茄栽培品种和3 个砧木品种为试材,在苗期浇灌不同盐浓度的营养液,对幼苗生长等相关指标进行测定并进行相关分析。结果表明佳西娜（产地荷兰,樱桃番茄,红果）和瑰丽绝粉（产地甘肃,大果,粉果）为耐盐的番茄品种,番茄砧木406（产地山东,大果,红果）为耐盐的番茄砧木品种。在每隔2 d 1 次的灌溉强度下,番茄苗期可适应盐浓度为4 g·L-1,筛选强度为8 g·L-1。可以作为鉴别番茄幼苗耐盐性的指标为全株干质量、地上部干质量、根干质量、株高、茎粗、功能叶片数和壮苗指数,而根冠比则不可作为番茄幼苗耐盐性的鉴别指标。 相似文献
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J. B. Duggan 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(3):189-191
Methods of establishing tomato seedlings in nutrient-film technique were compared, namely, by the use of rockwool cubes, compressed peat blocks (Jiffy 7), bitumenized paper pots filled with a loam-based compost, lattice plastic pots filled with expanded clay granules, and bare-rooted seedlings. The effects of these methods were mainly confined to the earlier stages of growth, development and fruit yield. Plant height, plant dry weight, date of anthesis, flower bud number, fruit number and the rate of picking during the first two months of cropping were affected. There was little effect on percentage fruit set or on the date of the start of picking, and only a small effect on mean fruit weight. After one month of cropping the greatest yields were obtained from plants established in loam-based compost, ccmpressed peat blocks and in clay granules; reduced yields resulted from the use of bare-rooted seedlings and rockwool cubes. After two months’ cropping the method of establishment had no effect on yield. 相似文献
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不同茬口日光温室番茄干物质生产与分配 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以番茄的果穗和果穗下的三片叶及其相应的茎作为一个源库生长单位，对不同茬口日光温室番茄的干物质生产与分配规律进行了研究。结果表明：植株在前7穗果同时存在的情况下，从下到上不同源库生长单位内果实所分配到的干物质比例在42.6%～98.6%之间，即随着果穗数从下而上的不断增加，每产生一穗果实，各源库生长单位果实的干物质分配率下降约6%。不同茬口日光温室番茄受外界环境影响显著，干物质生产表现出明显的季节性差异，果实干物质分配率在越冬茬、早春茬和春夏茬分别为72%、62%和59%，春夏茬果实干物质分配率最低，这与其生长后期遭遇高温，坐果率降低有关；越冬茬生长前期100 d的干物质积累量只有后100 d的1/3，与其生长期内低温弱光有关。 相似文献