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1.
《林业与环境科学》2020,(3)
以广东粤东北地区野生钟花樱桃Cerasus campanulata种子为试材,研究了温水(25、40、60、80℃)浸泡、不同催芽方式(室外沙藏、室内盆栽沙藏、冷藏、水苔叠放)、赤霉素处理(0.5、1、2、3 g·L-1)和机械破壳处理对钟花樱桃种子萌发的影响。结果表明:(1)不同温度的水浸泡处理对钟花樱桃种子发芽率的影响差异极显著(P 0.01),发芽率为:40℃(71.6%)25℃(41.2%)60℃(33.4%)80℃(6.2%);(2)不同贮藏条件对钟花樱桃种子发芽率的影响也存在极显著差异(P 0.01),苗圃沙藏的发芽率最高,发芽率为91.2%,且种子发芽时间提早了60 d;其次是室内盆栽沙藏,发芽率为80.8%,且种子发芽时间提早了120 d;(3)不同浓度赤霉素处理对钟花樱桃种子发芽率的影响差异极显著(P 0.01),在0.5 g·L-1浓度赤霉素处理下其发芽率最佳,发芽率达95.6%,且种子发芽时间提早了95 d。因此,钟花樱桃种子最佳的催芽方式为0.5 g·L-1浓度赤霉素浸泡24 h后进行沙藏。 相似文献
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分析了钟花樱桃生态特征，对钟花樱桃种子进行了不同的催芽及播种的试验，结果表明：低温4~C沙藏种子发芽率最高达89．4％，而采后直播，种子发芽率最低，只有23．5％。 相似文献
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珍稀濒危植物连香树种子萌发的研究 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
进行了濒危植物连香树种子萌发特性的研究,探讨不同光照条件(12 h,1 500 lux和黑暗)、不同温度(15℃、20℃、25℃和30℃)、不同浓度的赤霉素(0.5 mg.L-1、1 mg.L-1、2 mg.L-1、4 mg.L-1)浸泡连香树种子不同时间(2 h、4 h6、h、8 h)、50℃温水预处理15 min以及不同储藏条件对连香树种子萌发的影响。结果表明:25℃是连香树种子发芽的最适温度;在光照条件下连香树种子的发芽势高,光照可以促进连香树种子发芽迅速、整齐;经过赤霉素处理的干藏种子的发芽率和发芽势比没经过其处理的干藏种子的发芽率和发芽势高,且在一定浓度范围内随着赤霉素浓度的增大和处理时间的延长,发芽率和发芽势逐渐提高;湿藏有助于连香树种子萌发;50℃温水预处理15 min对种子的萌发有促进作用。 相似文献
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采用随机区组试验设计,进行北美冬青容器育苗试验。结果表明:不同水温浸种催芽对低温沙藏或低温冷藏的北美冬青种子的发芽率均产生极显著影响;低温沙藏的平均发芽率92.75%,低温冷藏的平均发芽率98.5%,低温冷藏比低温沙藏更有利于提高种子发芽率;低温沙藏或低温冷藏+不同水温处理之间差异程度不同,80℃水温对种子发芽率影响最大;变温层积催芽,种子贮藏期只需90d;生产实践中可采用低温冷藏+80℃水温浸种变温层积催芽,不仅可以缩短贮藏期,而且还可以极大地提高种子的利用周期和发芽率。 相似文献
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《西部林业科学》2015,(4)
为提高白木通播种育苗效率,采用冰箱冷藏和常温沙藏2种种子贮藏方法,采取石灰水浸泡、温水浸泡、流动水冲洗与定时洒水等4种催芽方式,比较不同处理对白木通种子发芽率、出苗率及苗木保存率的影响,以及遮荫与否对其苗木生长的影响。结果表明,常温沙藏的种子发芽率高于冰箱冷藏的种子发芽率,发芽时间提前8天。定时洒水、流动水冲洗、温水浸泡和石灰水浸泡对白木通的催芽效果存在显著差异,其中,定时洒水和流动水冲洗催芽效果最好,种子平均发芽率分别为84.89%和75.11%。不同的遮荫条件对白木通幼苗生长影响的结果显示,遮荫处理的苗高、地径高于未遮荫处理,其增幅分别达到102.12%、27.35%。 相似文献
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采用不同的水温浸泡、不同埋藏基质与不同的层积时间等催芽方法处理闽楠种子,比较不同催芽方法的萌芽率。结果表明:不同水温浸泡间的闽楠种子萌芽率差异极显著(P0.01),萌芽率的大小为45℃(75.43%)35℃(51.43%)55℃(39.43%)25℃(33.57%);不同埋藏基质处理间的萌芽率也存在极显著差异(P0.01),萌芽率的大小为:湿沙+腐殖质(81.86%)湿沙(72.43%)腐殖质(62.86%);不同层积时间与激素浓度处理对闽楠种子萌芽率的共同影响差异极显著(P0.01),常温层积90天+赤霉素浓度1 000μg/g萌芽率最佳,常温层积90天+赤霉素浓度1 500μg/g次之,常温层积0天萌芽率最差为0,且闽楠种子在常温层积90天时休眠作用已完全解除。因此,闽楠种子最佳的生产催芽方式为45℃温水浸泡处理后,选用赤霉素浓度1 000μg/g的溶液浸泡1天,再采用湿沙+腐殖质埋藏处理常温层积90天。 相似文献
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本文采取不同水温浸泡处理与不同贮藏方式处理等不同催芽方式对红豆树(Ormosia hosiei Hemsl. et Wils.)种子发芽率的影响进行对比试验研究。结果表明：不同水温浸泡处理之间的红豆树种子发芽率存在显著差异,且达到极显著水平(P＜0.001),发芽率的大小依次为：82.3%(100℃)＞23.8%(60℃)＞1.6%(20℃);不同贮藏方式处理之间的红豆树种子发芽率存在显著差异,且达到极显著水平(P＜0.001),发芽率的大小依次为：82.32%(湿沙贮藏)＞61.4%(湿沙+黄土贮藏)＞42.7%(黄土贮藏);最佳催芽方式为100℃高温的水浸泡处理后,再采用湿沙贮藏。 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(5):427-435
In Scandinavia, moose (Alces alces L.) sometimes cause severe browsing damage to economically-important pine. Moose-vehicle accidents have spurred construction of fences along roads, and these may interfere with moose migration between summer and winter ranges, or the road alone may be a barrier. If this happens and moose build up along roads, landowners may suffer economically. Therefore, this study investigated whether roads, fences or other factors influence the use of young pine stands by moose. Eighty stands along roads in northern Sweden were evaluated in which individually-browsed branches were counted on 9972 pines. Moose browsing was not significantly related to birch (Betula pendula Roth, B. pubescens Ehrh.) density, nor did it differ between pines (Pinus contorta Douglas or P. sylvestris L.). However, increased pine density, site productivity and proximity to a highway were associated with increased browsing. Further large-scale studies are needed to understand moose habitat selection and the effects of roads. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(3):206-217
The root systems of 2-yr-old Picea glauca, Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana seedlings were submitted to various frost temperatures during an artificial frost to induce different levels of root damage. Frost-damaged and control seedlings were placed in a greenhouse under high and low soil moisture regimes. Seedling growth and physiology were evaluated periodically. Seedling survival was reduced when root damage reached levels of 60-80%. Root systems of all three species showed partial to total recovery by the end of the experiment. In general, root freezing damage caused reductions in seedling growth, with these reductions becoming less significant over time. Root damage had little to no effect on black spruce and jack pine seedling physiology, while white spruce CO 2 uptake decreased with increasing root damage. Shoot nitrogen content of all three species decreased slightly with increasing root damage. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):53-61
This study investigated the stand structure in pine, spruce and deciduous forests in the border district of Finland and Russia. A total of 46 mature forest stands was selected as pairs, the members of each pair being as similar as possible with respect to their forest site type, age, moisture and topography. The stands were then compared between the two countries by means of basal areas and number of stems. The proportions of dominating tree species were 2-12% lower, and correspondingly the proportions of secondary tree species higher, in Russian forests. The density of the forest stock was also higher in each forest type in Russia. The forests in the two countries differed most radically in terms of the abundance of dead trees. The amount was two to four times higher in Russian deciduous and spruce forests, and in pine forests the difference was 10-fold. The stand structures indicated that Russian coniferous stands, in particular, were more heterogeneous than intensively managed pine and spruce stands in Finland. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):15-27
The root collar diameter and the height:diameter ratio are of particular importance in container-grown seedlings where a high density in the containers may produce spindly seedlings. Temperature regimes and light quality are known to affect plant growth. The aim of this study was to identify responses in Picea abies (L.) Karst. seedlings grown with light providing different red:far-red ratios and under temperature regimes with alternating day (DT) and night temperature (NT) from negative (DT < NT) to positive (DT > NT) difference (DIF) between DT and NT. Experiments were conducted in controlled environment chambers and in a daylight phytotron. Only limited thermoperiodic responses appeared in P . abies seedlings with respect to seedling height and dry weight accumulation. The formation of terminal buds, however, was clearly delayed in seedlings grown at negative DIF. The results indicate a requirement for day extension light that is high in far-red, to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. An extended study should be conducted to clarify the minimum level of light intensity and the optimal light quality needed to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. 相似文献
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本文分析了CAD在设计中引起的正面和负面影响,并进行了系统的阐述,从而使设计者在应用中能够保持客观的态度。 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(5):472-479
Based on an enquiry, risk perception among non-industrial private forest owners is described in relation to climate change and forestry hazards. Of the respondents, 11% took action to remedy the effects of climate change. Out of a given set, hazards were ranked according to each respondent's experience of recent substantial financial loss to the estate and in relation to his or her willingness to make investments aimed at risk reduction. For each hazard, the respondent assessed the risk in four classes ranging from very high to negligible risk. Six hazards were considered most problematic in all three aspects: browsing damage, falling timber prices, damage by wind, spruce bark beetle, root rot and pine weevil. A majority of the respondents claimed to take action to reduce the risk associated with at least one hazard, while 35% did not know whether they did. Excluding climate change, the need for decision support was the largest in relation to damage by wind owing to a combination of perceived high risk and a high level of ignorance in relation to whether risk-reducing measures were taken. 相似文献
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Srisuda Thippayarugs Banyong Toomsan Patma Vityakon Viriya Limpinuntana Aran Patanothai Georg Cadisch 《Agroforestry Systems》2008,72(2):137-148
In situ produced plant residues contain a mixture of different plant components of varying quality. To assess synergistic
or antagonistic interactions occurring during the decomposition and mineralization of such mixtures, individual plant parts
(stems, leaves, leaf litter and roots) or the mixture of stems, leaves and leaf litter of the agroforestry species pigeonpea
(Cajanus cajan) or of crop residues of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) or of the weed hairy indigo (Indigofera hirsuta) were incubated in pots for 19 weeks. Periodically, remaining plant residues were sieved out (>2 mm), weighed and N content
as well as soil mineral N determined. Above- and below-ground residues of peanut decomposed fastest and showed the largest
N release in agreement with their high N concentration and low-acid detergent fibre (ADF) : N ratio. Hairy indigo was hypothesized
to be of lower quality than pigeonpea because of its high-polyphenol content. However, it decomposed faster than pigeonpea,
largely because of the higher N and lower lignin concentration of its components. Ranking of individual plant components for
N mineralization resulted in the following pattern, leaves > leaf litter > roots > stems. In mixtures of the different plant
components a similar species order in decomposition was obtained, e.g. peanut > hairy indigo > pigeonpea. The amount of N
released from the mixture was dominated by stem material that comprised 46–61% of the mixture. The interactions in mixtures
were relatively small for peanut (generally high-quality components) as well as for pigeonpea (low proportion of high-quality
components, i.e. N rich leaf material). However, a positive interaction occurred during later stages of N mineralization in
the mixture of hairy indigo as it had a significant proportion of N rich components and absence of highly reactive polyphenols.
Thus, for plants with low to intermediate chemical quality attributes, manipulating plant composition (e.g. by varying harvest
age, affecting stem and leaf proportions) will be important to obtain significant interactions during decomposition when its
components are mixed. 相似文献
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A. Rigueiro-Rodríguez M. R. Mosquera-Losada E. Gatica-Trabanini 《Agroforestry Systems》2000,48(3):245-256
The use of organic waste materials such as milk sewage as an organic fertilizer could have the dual advantages of organic-waste
disposal and reduced dependence on inorganic fertilizers. The effects of fertilization with (1) conventional mineral fertilization,
(2) milk sewage sludge at 40 kg N ha−1 target rate and (3) no fertilization on pasture production and tree growth were examined in an experiment consisting of two
pasture mixtures under a one-year-old Pinus radiata plantation with a density of 2500 trees ha−1. The two pasture mixtures were: (1) Dactylis glomerata L. var. saborto (25 kg ha−1) + Trifolium repens L. group Ladino (4 kg ha−1) + Trifolium pratense L. var. Marino (1 kg ha−1); (2) Lolium perenne L. var. Tove (25 kg ha−1) + Trifolium repens L. group Ladino (4 kg ha−1) + Trifolium pratense L. var. Marino (1 kg ha−1). The experiment began in the spring of 1995 using a randomized block design with three replicates in Castro Riberas de Lea
(Lugo, Galicia, north-western Spain). Plot size was 12 × 8 m2, with a 1 m buffer strip between plots. Two-year data showed that fertilization with either material had a positive effect
on pasture production, with no significant difference between the two fertilization treatments. Tree growth in the milk sewage
sludge plot was significantly higher than in the control plots. Inorganic fertilization increased pasture production, but
affected tree growth negatively. The results show that milk sewage sludge could be used as a fertilizer in silvo-pastoral
systems.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(2):166-178
This study investigated the forest history, structural characteristics, the presence of fungal species suggested to indicate ecological continuity in old-growth forest, and the species composition of saproxylic beetles in 30 old forest ''woodland key habitats'' (WKHs), and compared them with production forest in the same age-class in south-eastern Norway. No statistically significant differences in forest characteristics, community of saproxylic beetles or number of red-listed beetles were found between the WKHs and the production forest, probably owing to a combination of profound long-term logging and a lack of will to delineate sufficiently large WKHs in the one area with significantly less forestry impact. The study indicates the advantage of including forest history information in WKH selection where such data exist, and the importance of restoring habitats in heavily exploited forest landscapes. 相似文献