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1.
During an investigation of mycoparasitic fungi on sclerotia of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in China, Gliocladium species was consistently encountered and isolated from natural soils collected over the country. Colonization frequencies on sclerotia of S. sclerotiorum by the fungi ranged from 40% to 100% when the sclerotia were introduced into soils and coincubated at 22-24 ℃ for 4 weeks. Identification showed that G. roseum, G. virens and G. catenulatum were the dominant species amon…  相似文献   

2.
Leptin,a protein hormone produced and secreted predominantly by white adipose tissue,has a critical role in the regulation and coordination of energy metabolism.Leptin is produced in the mammary gland by the fat tissue or by the mammary epithelium.In vitro study has shown that leptin triggers apoptosis in mammary epithelial cells.Mammary gland involution is characterized by extensive apoptosis of the epithelial cells.At the onset of involution,STAT3 is specifically activated.Various studies show that leptin act as a paracrine and autocrin factor to influence mammary epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation.This paper reviewed the function of leptin to the involution of mammary gland.  相似文献   

3.
Based on chicken' consensus map issued in 2000,17 microsatellites near 4 candidate genes such as IGF2,OBR,GDF8 and APOA1 in 4 chromosomes(chromosome 5,7,8 and 24)were chosen for polymorphism analysis and construction of linkage map.Combining the technique of PCR and the fluorescent semi-automated detection,genome scanning was performed for 440 chickens,which was derived from China Agricultural University chicken resource families within three generations.The individuals of this resource families were genotyped.The results showed that the number of alleles ranged from 4 to 14;heterozygosity(H) of markers was between 0.3116 and 0.9148.Polymorphic information content(PIC)varied from 0.2672 to 0.8679.Microsatellites along with above-mentioned 4 candidate genes doing as general markers were used to construct linkage map.The spans of 4 linkage maps constructed in the part region of chromosome 5,7,8 and 24 were 263.5,79.9,206.2 and 104.2 cM,respectively.The order of markers was consistent with that of counterpart of reported consensus map.However,The spans of linkage map were larger than that of consensus map.The constructed linkage maps laid the foundation for mapping quantitative trait loci(QTL)responsible for economically important traits in chicken.  相似文献   

4.
In this paper,the character of viral clones from early and late passages after serial passages of Trichoplusia ni single nuclear polyhedrosis virus in a Tn 5B1-4 cell line is described.It demonstrated that no significant difference was observed in the infectivity of the cell culture supernatants of various passages to the cell line.The number of polyhedra produced in a cell and infectivity of polyhedra to T.ni larvae declined strikingly with the increase of passages.The polyhedra without virions began to increase from passage to passage.The result of restriction enzyme digestion showed that the DNA restriction fragments of the clones were different from wild virus DNA,although they came from a homogeneous viral DNA.The mutation of viral DNA resulted in the in crease of noninfectious polyhedra without virions and in the increase of the number of polyhedra produced in cell line as well as virulence of the polyhydrosis inclusion bodys to T.ni larvae after prolonged passages of Tn SNPV in the cell culture.  相似文献   

5.
通过测定加有黑麦草的土壤样品在不同培养时间产生的硝态氮、亚硝态氮、铵态氮和氨态氮数量的变化，研究了有机氮在二种红壤（红砂土和黄筋泥）中的矿化动态．有机氮在红壤中的矿化结果主要是铵的生成和氨的挥发，培养后５ｄ，明显发生铵的释放，红砂土在培养后１５～２０ｄ，铵的释放达到最大值，黄筋泥则是在培养后３０～３５ｄ．在培养的前２０ｄ，红砂土中铵的释放多于黄筋泥，但在３０ｄ后，情况相反．培养期间有机氮矿化释放的氨用２％硼酸溶液吸收，以这种形式损失的有机氮，红砂土多于黄筋泥  相似文献   

6.
中国已成为继美国之后的全球第二大能源消费国,能源问题已成为制约一个国家经济发展的首要因素之一。目前,中国在解决能源问题方面,所采取的措施尚不能从根本上解决这一问题。提出能源农业的概念,系统阐述了能源农业的特点以及中国在发展能源农业方面所要采取的能源作物的筛选、培育、标准化栽培管理制度的建设、加工设备和加工工艺、能源转化设备转化效率和转化机制以及区域发展规划制定等一系列的基础及基础应用研究措施。  相似文献   

7.
水稻三超栽培技术针对寒地稻作再高产的障碍因素,利用大钵盘超早超稀定位播、培育均质多蘖壮秧,宽行单本适期移栽,深施肥、控灌水等强化及安全栽培措施,延长水稻生育期、扩大营养空间、释放个体生产潜力,开发低节位优势分蘖,从而形成具有高光效、超高产群体的栽培技术体系。  相似文献   

8.
This paper aims to estimate the soil organic carbon (SOC) storage in Northeast of China, identify its balance situation and changing trends under current cropping systems, and finally put forward some strategies to keep the SOC in balance. A biogeochemical model (DNDC) for agro-ecosystem was employed to predict SOC dynamics in agricultural ecosystems at regional scale. Data on climate, soil properties, cropping systems, acreage, and management practices at county scale were collected from various sources and integrated into a GIS database to support the model runs at the regional scale.The model predicted results revealed that (1) Total SOC storage in agricultural lands in Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning provinces in Northeast of China is about 1243.48 × 106 t (0-30cm soil layer), respectively occupying 58.4, 25.5 and 16.1%;(2) Under the current cultivation systems, SOC is in a situation of net loss with carbon losing at a high rate of 31.22 ×106 t a-1 (respectively 59.3, 25.9 and 14.8% in Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning provinces) and 2.05 t ha-1 a-1, the situation is more serious in Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces; and (3) Protective cultivations, such as manuring, returning more residue of crop to the field, adopting no-till, are very useful for the accumulation of SOC in these regions.  相似文献   

9.
The adsorption-desorption characteristics of chlorimuron-ethyl in soils were investigated to provide the basic data for evaluating the safety in field and the risk to water resource. The adsorption-desorption experiment was conducted by the batch equilibration and HPLC techniques; furthermore, data were analyzed with 5 mathematic models to describe the characteristics and mechanism of adsorption-desorption and translocation of the herbicide in soils. The results showed that the adsorption-desorption isotherms of chlorimuron-ethyl fitted for the Freundlich model well, and the physical reaction presents the main contribution during the adsorption-desorption process. The adsorption values （Kads-f） of chlorimuron-ethyl in 8 types of soil ranged from 0.798 to 6.891. The isotherms of 2# （Jiangxi clay） and 3# （Jiangxi sand loam） soils belong to the S-type curve, while the isotherms of another 6 type soils belong to the L-type isotherm. The results of desorption indicated that the hysteresis phenomena appeared during the desorption process, and the hysteresis coefficients （H） of the herbicides in 8 soils varied from 0.259-0.980. Furthermore, Kads-f and desorption values （Kads-f） increased with the OM （%） and the clay content increasing, while the values decreased with the soils pH increasing. The H values decreased with the OM and the clay content increasing, and increased with the soils pH increasing. It can be concluded that the low adsorption abilities of chlorimuron-ethyl in test soils and un-reversible adsorption existed in the process, which will induce the great translocation of the herbicide after application in field. It can be transported to ground or groundwater causing risk to environments. The physical and chemical properties of soils, including the OM, the clay content, and the pH of soil were the dominating factors during the adsorption-desorption.  相似文献   

10.
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11.
甘草是中国最大宗的药材之一,具有重要的药用、生态及工业价值。利用ISSR技术对甘草种质资源的遗传多样性进行深入研究,对甘草物种生物多样性的保护及新品种培育具有重要意义。研究了影响甘草ISSR-PCR扩增效果的一些因素,实验结果表明:最适宜用于甘草ISSR PCR分析的反应条件为:20μl反应体系中,1×TaqDNA聚合酶配套缓冲液(10mmol/LTris-HCL,pH9.0,50mmol/LKCL,0.1%TritonX_100,2.0mmol/LMg2 ),0.8UnitTaqDNA聚合酶,0.4μmol/L引物,200μmol/LdNTP,10ng模板DNA。  相似文献   

12.
There is a primary understanding of the dominant fungi in wheat seeds conserved in the National Crop Genebank of China （NCGB） and an evaluation of the healthy status of wheat germplasm propagated in different regions. A total of 1 465 wheat accessions were detected for seedbone fungi by blotter, agar plate, and wash tests. By blotter test, 17 genera of fungi, including more than 30 species, were detected in 712 wheat accessions from Shaanxi, Hebei, and Qinghai provinces, China. Alternaria was the most frequently detected in wheat seeds from Shaanxi Province, followed by Rhizopus, Penicillium, Aspergillus, Bipolaris, Cladosporium, Gonatobotrys, Chaetomium, and others. Seedborne fungi in wheat seeds from Hebei Province, with relatively high incidence were Alternaria, Rhizopus, Penicillium, Aspergillus, Bipolaris, Cladosporium, and Fusarium. In the seeds from Qinghai Province, Alternaria, Rhizopus, Bipolaris, Cladosporium, and Trichothecium are important seed-borne fungi. The seed germination was reduced substantially when seeds were infected by Fusarium verticillioides （syn. F. moniliforme）, Bipolaris nodulosa, and Cladosporium herbarum. Eighteen genera and 25 species of fungi were identified in 353 accessions from Shaanxi Province using the agar plate test. The dominant fungi were Alternaria, Aspergillus, Bipolaris, Gonatobotrys, Penicillium, and Fusarium. The smut fungi, Ustilago tritici, was detected by the wash test in 400 accessions, but it was low in incidence in 300 seed samples from Shaanxi Province （1.3%）, and in 100 samples from Hebei Province （2.0%）. Totally 19 genera of fungi were detected in wheat seed samples, and some seedborne fungi were saprophytic and others were biotrophic which could cause seedborne diseases in the field.  相似文献   

13.
Diversity of Trichoderma in greenhouse soil   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文
The protected agricultural production has become one of the fast growing and wid espread cultivation technology in the north parts of China. Continuous cultivati on of single crop or less rotation of crops usually resulted in the large amount of accumulation of soilborne pathogens and serious crop diseases in the greenho use. After a few years of investigation of soilborne fungi in the north parts of China, nearly one hundred species of mictosporic fungi have been identified by the authors.…  相似文献   

14.
Development of hybrid rice in China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
The success achieved in development of hybrid rice is a great breakthrough in rice breeding which provides an effective way to markedly enhance rice yield on a large scale. China is the first country in the world to exploit rice heterosis commercially. Research on hybrid rice was initiated in 1964. The genetic tools, viz, cytoplasmic male sterile(CMS), maintainer and restorer lines (or A, B and R  相似文献   

15.
Preparation and bleaching are among the most energy and chemical intensive steps of the traditional cotton finishing. About 75% of the organic pollutants arising from textile finishing are derived from the preparation of cotton goods. Biopreparation may be a valuable and environmentally friendly alternative to harsh alkaline chemicals for preparing of cotton. Different enzymes i.e. cellulases, pectinases, lipases and proteases have been tested for biopreparation. Many papers have been publishe…  相似文献   

16.
Alleviation of Al Toxicity in Barley by Addition of Calcium   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
The potential mechanism by which Ca alleviates Al toxicity was investigated in barley seedlings. It was found that 100 Al-alone treatment inhibited barley plant growth and thereby reduced shoot height and root length, and dry weights of root, shoot and leaf; promoted Al accumulation but inhibited Ca absorption in plant tissues; and induced an increase in the activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, catalase （CAT）, and peroxidase （POD） and in the level of lipid peroxidation （MDA content） in leaves. Except for the increase in Ca concentration in plant tissues, treatment with 0.5 mM Ca in the absence of Al had less effect on the above-mentioned parameters, compared with the control. Addition of Ca efficiently reduced Al toxicity, which is reflected by the promotion of plant growth, reduction in Al concentration and MDA content, increase in Ca concentration and in SOD, POD, and CAT activities compared with the Al-alone-treatment; with increase in Ca level （3.0 raM）, the ameliorative effect became more dominant. This indicated that the alleviation of aluminum toxicity in barley seedlings with Ca supplementation could be associated with less absorption of Al and the enhancement of the protective ability of the cell because of increased activity of the antioxidative enzyme.  相似文献   

17.
作者综述了其实验室在淀粉颗粒结构研究方面的一些最新进展．这些研究包括淀粉颗粒的形态、支链淀粉的分枝结构、淀粉中磷的结构和含量，以及直链和支链淀粉在淀粉颗粒中的定位，将有助于增进我们对淀粉颗粒结构的了解．淀粉结构的知识也将帮助我们理解淀粉的性质，譬如易消化性、淀粉糊的性质和直链淀粉的淅滤方式等．  相似文献   

18.
The effects of film mulching of millet on soil water content were studied in semi-arid areas in the Loess Plateau of South Ningxia, China. Different mulching methods including water micro-collecting farming （WF）, water micro-collecting farming in winter fallow （WW）, hole seeding on film （HF）, hole seeding on film in winter fallow （HW） were compared to determine the effects of mulching methods on soil water collecting and conservation during millet growth periods of 2003-2004, as well as the variation tendency of water content after rainfall, output of millet and water use efficiency （WUE）. The experimental results in the two successive years indicated that water micro-collecting farming had a better function of collecting water after rainfall, and side infiltrated water was stored under the ridges and the top layer 0-40 cm soil water changes were great. WF had obvious role in water collection and preservation of soil moisture. It effectively improved the water supply capacity by about 19.05% in the end of growth seasons. The storage of HW and WW increased by 24.9 and 7.1 mm compared with CK, and output of yield were obviously increased. Film mulching increased the yield of millet and enhanced water use efficiency （WUE）. During different growth periods, WF exhibited better water storage function with lower water consumption, and demonstrated optimal social and ecological benefits.  相似文献   

19.
Role of gelatinous layer in growth stress generation in tension wood@Bruno Clair$Laboratoire de Mécanique et Génie Civil,Université Montpellier 2,France @Joseph Gril$Laboratoire de Mécanique et Génie Civil,Université Montpellier 2,France  相似文献   

20.
The biosynthetic time and accumulations of A-, B-, and C-type glutenin subunits in 7 winter wheat cultivars with different quality （strong, medium, weak gluten） were analyzed by SDS-PAGE. The results showed that no glutenin subunit was observed within 8 d after anthesis. Parts or all A-, B-, and C-type subunits appeared around day 12 in different cultivars. Other A-, B-, and C-type subunits appeared gradually. The accumulation of A-, B-, and C-type subunits fluctuated before maturity. The results of analysis of correlation between the ratios of A/T （total content of glutenin subunits）, A/C, AJ （B＋C）, （A＋B）/C, and （A＋B）/T and SDS-sedimentation value suggested that they were more significant. The negative correlation between the ratio of （B＋C）/T and SDS-sedimentation value was more significant, and the correlations between the ratio C/T and the SDS-sedimentation value were significantly negative.  相似文献   

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