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1.
对屏南县路下乡杉木优良无性系扦插育苗实验分别在4月10日、5月10日、6月10日进行了扦插,在培育过2年杉木的相应扦插苗圃地以及1年水稻轮作的相应圃地上对杉木优良无性系这种扦插育苗方法进行了试验。试验结果显示:在4月和5月进行扦插的苗木质量和成活率都明显比6月扦插的高,其中在4月扦插的杉木苗木质量最好。在扦插时间一样的条件下,轮作过的圃地中杉木苗木生长质量显著高于没有经过轮作的圃地中杉木苗木生长质量。  相似文献   

2.
为营造杉木速生丰产林提供优质苗木,加速杉木优良无性繁殖工作,贵池区苗圃建立优良无性系原种圃2亩,无性系测定圃3亩,采穗圃13亩,扦插繁殖圃12亩,预计可采优良无性系穗条120多万根,繁殖优良扦插苗木40多万株,每年可供营造杉木速生丰产林8190多亩.该地区交通方便,光照充足,易于排灌,土壤条件适应杉木苗生长.根据本人在贵池苗圃培育实践,总结繁殖技术如下.  相似文献   

3.
为营造杉木速生丰产林提供优质苗木,加速杉木优良无性繁殖工作,贵池区苗圃建立优良无性系原种圃2亩,无性系测定圃3亩,采穗圃13亩,扦插繁殖圃12亩,预计可采优良无性系穗条120多万根,繁殖优良扦插苗木40多万株,每年可供营造  相似文献   

4.
广东省地方标准杉木无性系扦插育苗技术(征求意见稿)DB/440000—921主题内容与适用范围本标准规定了杉木杆插育苗的采萌圃建立、管理、扦插以及苗木出圃等技术。本标准适用于杉木无性系扦插育苗。2名词术语2.l无性系由同一树木营养繁殖出来的所有分株总...  相似文献   

5.
目前在我省杉木优良无性系林业的推广中,有的地方不遵循育种程序,忽视科学性,致使出现苗木产量低、质量差的弊端。据我省著名杉木专家陈佛寿等人研究实践,主要是没有搞好采穗圃的营建和扦插育苗。现将两方面的技术要领介绍如下:一、采穗圃的营建技术1.圃地要选建在适宜杉木生长、坡度平稳、土壤疏松肥沃、排水良好、日照长、不当北风、可防冻害、牛害的地点。建圃材料一定要选用遗传品质好的优良无性系;为便于今后组合多个无性系造林,一个建圃单位选用的无性系不得少于10个。2.整地作床。于建圃前夏、秋季全面深挖整地、清除草根。…  相似文献   

6.
为早日实现用优良无性系苗木造林,必须采用无性繁殖方法育苗。1986年用我省已选出的一批楝树优良无性系进行嫩芽扦插育苗试验。嫩芽采用根生芽,扦插前用生长素处理,6月份以前扦插、移载,成活率可达90%。当年苗高达2米以上,地径粗2厘米以上,可出圃造林。  相似文献   

7.
杉木扦插育苗插穗类型选择试验   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
扦插育苗是当前发展杉木无性系林业的主要繁殖手段,在杉木无性系扦插繁殖中,不同类型的插穗因存在位置效应,不仅影响扦插成活率,而且影响到苗木和幼林的高、径生长。可见,正确选用插穗类型对于保证杉木无性系造林成效具有至关重要的意义。 几年来,我们结合四川省林科院杉木组布置的杉木优良无性系选育工作,进行了插穗类型选择的初步试验研究,现将其结果报道如下。  相似文献   

8.
通过对不同圃地、不同无性系、不同育苗方式的杂交柳育苗试验研究,圃地和育苗方式对杂交柳苗木生长影响显著。圃地最好选择土层深厚、水源有保证的农田,育苗方式以1年生扦插、3~4年生蔸萌为最佳模式。  相似文献   

9.
浙江省开化县林场近年来成功地研究出一套杉木优良无性系快速繁殖育苗新技术,按照这种办法,一株杉木优树经过4年繁殖可得22万株以上的无性系苗木。如果用0.5公斤杉木良种种子冬播育苗,春季3—4月进行段插,当  相似文献   

10.
张运根 《绿色科技》2021,(7):50-51,54
为探究不同品种杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)轻型基质容器苗生长表现,以杉木扦插无性系容器苗、杉木第3代种子园实生容器苗和红心杉种子园实生容器苗为研究对象,以红心杉种子园实生容器苗为对照(CK),于2020年12月测定了各品种苗木生长量、生物量和测算苗木质量指数QI值,分析了不同品种杉木容器苗生长表现差异,结果表明:杉木扦插无性系容器苗相对对照(CK)的苗高、地径和总生物量相比分别增长了3.8%、16.6%和70.6%;杉木第3代种子园实生容器苗相对对照(CK)的苗高、地径和总生物量相比分别增长了15.1%、16.1%和27.5%,杉木扦插无性系容器苗QI值最大,其次为杉木第3代种子园实生容器苗,最小为对照(CK),综合分析杉木扦插无性系容器苗表现最优。  相似文献   

11.

In Scandinavia, moose (Alces alces L.) sometimes cause severe browsing damage to economically-important pine. Moose-vehicle accidents have spurred construction of fences along roads, and these may interfere with moose migration between summer and winter ranges, or the road alone may be a barrier. If this happens and moose build up along roads, landowners may suffer economically. Therefore, this study investigated whether roads, fences or other factors influence the use of young pine stands by moose. Eighty stands along roads in northern Sweden were evaluated in which individually-browsed branches were counted on 9972 pines. Moose browsing was not significantly related to birch (Betula pendula Roth, B. pubescens Ehrh.) density, nor did it differ between pines (Pinus contorta Douglas or P. sylvestris L.). However, increased pine density, site productivity and proximity to a highway were associated with increased browsing. Further large-scale studies are needed to understand moose habitat selection and the effects of roads.  相似文献   

12.

The root systems of 2-yr-old Picea glauca, Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana seedlings were submitted to various frost temperatures during an artificial frost to induce different levels of root damage. Frost-damaged and control seedlings were placed in a greenhouse under high and low soil moisture regimes. Seedling growth and physiology were evaluated periodically. Seedling survival was reduced when root damage reached levels of 60-80%. Root systems of all three species showed partial to total recovery by the end of the experiment. In general, root freezing damage caused reductions in seedling growth, with these reductions becoming less significant over time. Root damage had little to no effect on black spruce and jack pine seedling physiology, while white spruce CO 2 uptake decreased with increasing root damage. Shoot nitrogen content of all three species decreased slightly with increasing root damage.  相似文献   

13.
Contour hedgerows of multipurpose tree species in the sloping tea lands of Sri Lanka are expected to reduce soil erosion and also add significant amounts of plant nutrients to the soil via periodic prunings. The objective of this experiment was to characterize the biomass decomposition pattern and quantify the amount of nutrients added through prunings of six tree species (Calliandra calothyrsus, Senna spectabilis, Euphatorium innulifolium, Flemingia congesta, Gliricidia sepium and Tithonia diversifolia) currently being used in hedgerows associated with tea. Withered leaf and stem prunings (50 g) were enclosed in 2-mm litter bags, placed at 5-cm depth and retrieved after one, three, six, nine and 12 weeks. Loss of initial dry weight, N, P and K was measured. Single exponential decay function adequately described both dry weight and nutrient loss. Tree species differed significantly in their rate of breakdown with decomposition constants (k) varying from 0.0299 to 0.2006 week−1 for leaves and from 0.0225 to 0.0633 week−1 for stems. Gliricidia showed the highest k for leaves with the rest in the following descending order: Senna > TithoniaEuphatorium > Calliandra > Flemingia. A similar pattern was observed for loss of all nutrients with Calliandra and Flemingia always having lower k values than the rest. Although N immobilization was not observed, immobilization of P and K was observed during the first week of incubation in some species, particularly in stem prunings. Annual biomass of prunings differed significantly between tree species in the following descending order: Calliandra > Senna > Flemingia > Tithonia > Gliricidia > Euphatorium. Calliandra added the greatest amount of nutrients annually to the soil with Euphatorium adding the least. Calliandra prunings provided the annual total K requirement and 49% of the N requirement of mature tea. However, none of the species provided more than 5% of the P requirement. It is concluded that among the tree species tested, Calliandra and Flemingia are the most suitable for contour hedgerows in tea plantations of this agroclimatic region because of their higher soil nutrient enrichment capacity and slower decomposition rates which would minimize leaching losses. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

14.

The effects of seed weight and seed type on seedling growth of Pinus sylvestris (L.) were studied by seeding individually weighed orchard and stand seed in different mixtures under harsh (direct seeding in field) and optimal (seeding in nursery) conditions. In the nursery experiment an increase in the seed weight from 3 to 7 mg increased the seedling height by 10-27% and total weight by 27-113%, and decreased the height/diameter ratio by 5-6% after 2 yrs. With elimination of seed weight effects, orchard seedlings were 2% taller than stand seedlings in year 2. Without elimination of seed weight effects, orchard seedlings were 7-13% taller. In the field experiment an increase in the seed weight from 3 to 7 mg increased seedling height by 18-65%, stem volume by 81-274% and the number of top-buds by 23-34% in year 5. After elimination of seed weight effects, orchard seedlings were 7-13% taller than stand seedlings and without elimination of seed weight effects 20-21% taller after 5 yrs. Even after elimination of both seed weight and genetic effects orchard seedlings were 3-9% larger than stand seedlings in the field experiment. In conclusion, the influence of seed weight and seed type on growth traits and slenderness is highly significant and the influence seems to be greater in harsh conditions.  相似文献   

15.
Abstract

Wood in general and wooden studs in particular are often distorted owing to uneven shrinkage during the drying process in the sawmill. Twist is often the most detrimental of all types of distortion, and it is caused by spiral grain in combination with variations in moisture content. For sawmills, the objective is to produce dried, straight boards, and one method of dealing with boards with excessive spiral grain is to sort them out and then dry them in a pretwisted position to obtain straight boards after drying. A model using the finite element (FE) method for the simulation of drying twist distortions was first calibrated against laboratory experiments in which boards were dried with and without restraints and pretwists. After the calibration, the FE results were compared with industrial test results for boards that were dried without restraints or with restraints with zero pretwist, i.e. straight restraints. The FE model used an elastic–ideally plastic material model to obtain permanent deformations. The calibration was to set the yield stresses so that there was a good match between FE results and results from the laboratory experiments. The comparison between the industrial test results and the FE results showed that the FE model is capable of realistic simulations of drying boards with and without restraints and presumably also pretwists.  相似文献   

16.
Baobab leaves form an important part of the local diet in Sahel countries and elsewhere in Africa. Existing leaf nutritional data and agroforestry performance information are based solely on Adansonia digitata L., the baobab of continental Africa. The introduction potential of Adansonia species from the center of diversity in Madagascar and from Australia remains untapped. To assess this potential, the mineral contents and B1 and B2 vitamin levels of dried baobab leaves were determined for five-year old trees of A. digitata, A. gibbosa (A. Cunn.) Guymer ex D. Baum, A. rubrostipa Jum. & H. Perrier (syn. A. fony Baill.), A. perrieri Capuron and A. za Baill. grown in an introduction trial in Mali. Nutritional data were evaluated against survival and vigor to identify promising germplasm. Leaf vitamin and crude protein contents were highest in the Madagascar species, especially A. rubrostipa (B1 88 mg 100 g−1, B2 187 mg 100 g−1, protein 20.7% dry weight). However, the local species far outperformed the introductions in survival, tree height, basal diameter and resistance to termites. We suggest grafting as a way of harnessing the vigor of well-adapted local baobab varieties to the superior nutritional profiles of A. rubrostipa and others. Cross-species grafting tests in Adansonia were successful, thus creating new agroforestry possibilities with different scion/rootstock combinations.  相似文献   

17.
Heterobasidion parviporum and Heterobasidion annosum are widely distributed root‐rot fungi that infect conifers throughout Europe. Infection of conifer stumps by spores of these pathogens can be controlled by treating fresh stumps with a competing non‐pathogenic fungus, Phlebiopsis gigantea. In this study, growth of three Latvian strains of P. gigantea and the biological control agent ‘Rotstop’ strain was evaluated in stem pieces of Norway spruce, Scots pine, lodgepole pine, Douglas‐fir, Weymouth pine, Siberian larch and Sitka spruce. The growth rates of one H. parviporum and one H. annosum isolate were also measured in the same stem pieces. The growth rate of P. gigantea varied greatly in wood of different conifer species. It was higher in the three pine species, lower in Norway spruce and lowest in Sitka spruce and Siberian larch, and in Douglas‐fir, this fungus did not grow. The largest area of wood occupied by P. gigantea was in lodgepole pine. Growth of Latvian isolates of P. gigantea in the wood of Pinus and Picea species was comparable to that of the Rotstop isolate. Consequently, stump treatment with local P. gigantea isolates should be recommended. However, our results suggest that Douglas‐fir stump treatment against Heterobasidion by P. gigantea may be ineffective and other stump treatment methods should be considered.  相似文献   

18.

This study investigated the stand structure in pine, spruce and deciduous forests in the border district of Finland and Russia. A total of 46 mature forest stands was selected as pairs, the members of each pair being as similar as possible with respect to their forest site type, age, moisture and topography. The stands were then compared between the two countries by means of basal areas and number of stems. The proportions of dominating tree species were 2-12% lower, and correspondingly the proportions of secondary tree species higher, in Russian forests. The density of the forest stock was also higher in each forest type in Russia. The forests in the two countries differed most radically in terms of the abundance of dead trees. The amount was two to four times higher in Russian deciduous and spruce forests, and in pine forests the difference was 10-fold. The stand structures indicated that Russian coniferous stands, in particular, were more heterogeneous than intensively managed pine and spruce stands in Finland.  相似文献   

19.

The root collar diameter and the height:diameter ratio are of particular importance in container-grown seedlings where a high density in the containers may produce spindly seedlings. Temperature regimes and light quality are known to affect plant growth. The aim of this study was to identify responses in Picea abies (L.) Karst. seedlings grown with light providing different red:far-red ratios and under temperature regimes with alternating day (DT) and night temperature (NT) from negative (DT < NT) to positive (DT > NT) difference (DIF) between DT and NT. Experiments were conducted in controlled environment chambers and in a daylight phytotron. Only limited thermoperiodic responses appeared in P . abies seedlings with respect to seedling height and dry weight accumulation. The formation of terminal buds, however, was clearly delayed in seedlings grown at negative DIF. The results indicate a requirement for day extension light that is high in far-red, to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. An extended study should be conducted to clarify the minimum level of light intensity and the optimal light quality needed to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions.  相似文献   

20.
本文分析了CAD在设计中引起的正面和负面影响,并进行了系统的阐述,从而使设计者在应用中能够保持客观的态度。  相似文献   

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