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确保林分改造成效的系统思考 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
编制与实施《广东省林分改造工程建设规划(2007—2020)》预示着广东林业进入了以提高森林质量为核心的森林资源建设新时期。要确保林分改造成效,应该从稳定经营方针、制订“三低林”标准、选择恰当的改造方式与加强林分改造工程管理等四个方面入手,科学编制林分改造规划、设计、施工的指南、标准、规程,建立林分改造监测评价与问责制度,科学、合理、有序地推进林分改造工程,为广东社会经济可持续发展奠定坚实的经济生态基础。 相似文献
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分析评价云城区森林生态状况,探讨宜居城乡林分改造的原则、方法,提出点、线、面相结合,生态休闲型、生态自然型、生态景观型多类型改造低劣林分的措施,通过林分改造改善区域生态环境,提高森林景观水平,促进人与自然和谐发展,建设宜居城乡。 相似文献
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广东四会贞山森林旅游区林分改造造林效果初探 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
根据广东省四会市大南山林场贞山林区生态林的现状及所处的特殊地理位置状况,按照建设森林公园、提高贞山风景区生态功能等级和景观质量的目标,规划设计了森林旅游区首期林分改造的树种选择及配置,初步分析了林分改造各树种的生长情况,展望了改造后的生态、景观前景,对今后林分改造提出建议。 相似文献
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今年,浙江省温岭市已正式开展生态景观林建设,春季绿化造林近万亩。为建设成为山水园林城市,温岭市提出了建设十万亩生态景观林的建设目标,目的在于通过人工造林、补植改造、封山育林等营林措施,全面提高公益林的生态功能,提高森林的景观价值和品位。温岭市生态景观林建设以改善生态环境、促进社会经济可持续发展为最终目标。根据规划方案,2005年～2011年间,各类无林地新造林绿化面积16818亩,其中火烧迹地、荒山等宜林地造林9901亩,撂荒地等退耕还林6601亩,坟山周边绿化316亩;低效林分改造87405亩,其中补植改造32516亩,抚育改造10122亩,封禁… 相似文献
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针叶林阔叶化改造的森林生态防火效果初报 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
结合森林生态防火,引入木荷、苦槠、青冈、石栎、枫香等耐火目的树种对马尾松和杉木林退化系统进行阀叶化改造.在千岛湖区进行杉木间伐补植木荷、枫香,杉木萌芽林补植苦槠、青冈,马尾松林下补植枫香、青冈或苦槠、石栎四种不同阔叶化改造试验,3年后的调查测定结果表明:通过改造,优化了林分结构,马尾松阔叶化改造促进生态恢复的速度更为迅速.改造林分内枯落物比针叶林少,而枯落物含水率高;土壤含水率则因立地条件而异.阔叶化改造后具有明显提高生物多样性和防火效果及一定的涵养水源、保持水土作用.通过针叶林阔叶化改造,调整树种的组成结构、可燃物的空间分布,改善林地环境,以森林的片状控制代替林带控制,全方位有效控制森林火灾,在当前可持续发展和生态环境改善日益重视的社会背景与发展趋势下,具有推广应用前景. 相似文献
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林口林区次生林植苗改培技术初探 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对黑龙江省林口林区天然次生林较差的林分状况,该地区选择红松和红皮云杉作为主要树种进行改造、更新.文中通过对改培样地的调查,介绍了在不同光照、坡度、坡位条件下,改培树种的生长状况,从而提出较好的改造方案和措施. 相似文献
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千岛湖地区森林土壤类型与可持续利用研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
对千岛湖地区森林土壤类型及其分布进行了调查,结果表明:森林土壤有3个土类、5个亚类、10个土属。分布以黄红壤为主,占86.8%;钙质紫砂土次之,占7.8%;侵蚀性红壤占2.7%;石灰岩土占2.5%;黄壤面积最小,仅占0.2%。研究了不同林分类型的土壤理化性质,认为不同湖区林场的天然林土壤养分差异较大,从整个地区角度看各种林型间土壤养分无差异性,但从每个林场单独分析,无论是天然林,还是人工林,阔叶林地养分明显高于针叶林和混交林地。因而,实施针叶林阔叶化改造,对千岛湖地区林地的持续发展,提高其水源涵养、保持水土、景观生态等效益是有益的。 相似文献
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According to a great deal of field investigation and detailed indoor analysis, the natural regeneration pattern and process
of Korean pine population under natural Poplar-birch forest has been uncovered. The results show that the regeneration quantity
and quality of Korean pine population under mountainous Poplar-birch forest and mountainous white birch forest are better
than those under valley moss-grass White Birch forest and virgin broad-leaved Korean pine forest. Korean pine population shows
aggregated distribution, the mass-occurrence period of Korean pine population is behind the mass-occurrence period of Poplar-birch
population. Various aged Korean pines growth is affected by different stand structure factors. Man-made lighting tending can
accelerate the regeneration process and increase the regeneration quality of Korean pine population. It is feasible to set
up regeneration recombination of upper layer White Birch and lower layer Korean pines. 相似文献
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IntroductionAgestructureoftrees,whichreflcctsrcge11eratio11processandvelocity,meansquantityoftreesdividingbyage.Broad-leavedKoreanpineforestwastl1etypicalzol1alvegetationofChangbaiMountaininNortheastO1ina,anditwastheprimarygymnospermconununitysurvivedaftertheQuatemaryGlacierPeriod.Alotofcommunityinf`)r-mationaccumulatCdinthestr-uctllreofforeststandsa11dgrowingprocessofindividualtrees.So,athoroughstUdyonagestructureanditsdistributiol1ofbroad-leavedKore-anpine.forestwouldprovidetl1eoretical… 相似文献
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1985～1987年,在广西龙桥林区,对杉木、马尾松人工纯林和柠檬桉与马尾松人工混交林,以及天然灌木草本群落4种不同植被类型对降水的截留、地表径流及调蓄功能等水文效益进行测定,结果表明,对降水的截留效果以马尾松林为最好,混交林次之,杉木林较差,在同一植被类型的不同层次,以乔木层的截留量占绝对优势;对减少地表径流和延缓洪峰的效果,以层次结构较为复杂的混交林最佳。在同一植被类型内部结构特征的诸因子中,活地被物层的总盖度和草本层的生物量,是影响地表径流的主导因子:植被土壤对降水的调蓄功能,以混交林为最好。其他3种植被类型差异不大。说明在山地防护林建设中,营造针阔叶混交林,使其形成复层林,并保护好灌木草本层和死地被物层,对增强森林的调蓄能力具有重要的意义。 相似文献
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Juan Shi Youqing Luo Xiaosu Yan Weiping Chen Ping Jiang 《Frontiers of Forestry in China》2009,4(1):117-122
Pine wood nematode (PWN, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus), originating from North America, causes destructive pine wilt disease. Different pine forest ecosystems have different resistances
to B. xylophilus, and after its invasion, the resilience and restoration direction of different ecosystems also varies. In this study, an
interpretative structural model was applied for analyzing the response of pine forest ecosystem to PWN disturbance. The result
showed that a five-degree multi-stage hierarchical system affected the response of the pine forest ecosystem to PWN disturbance,
in which direct affecting factors are resistance and resilience. Furthermore, the analysis to the 2nd, 3rd and 4th degree
factors showed that not only does distribution pattern of plant species and pine’s ecological features affect the resistance
of pine forests’ ecosystem, but removal of attacked trees and other measures also influence the resistance through indirectly
affecting the damage degree of Monochamus alternatus and distribution pattern of plant species. As for resilience, it is influenced directly by soil factors, hydrology, surrounding
species provenance and biological characteristics of the second and jointly dominant species, and the climate factors can
also have a direct or indirect effect on it by affecting the above factors. Among the fifth elements, the elevation, gradient
and slope direction, topographical factors, diversity of geographical location and improvement of prevention technology all
influence the response of pine forest ecosystem to PWN disturbance.
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Translated from Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2007, 43(8): 85–90 [译自: 林业科学] 相似文献
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Based on a vast of field investigation on stamps inTilia broad-leaved Korean pine forest on northern slope of Changbai Mountain, age structure of some major species were studied
in this paper. The results showed that Korean pine population was composed of grouped patches with different ages. There were
not strict intervals among the dominated generations, and the curve of age structure often had two or more peaks. The distribution
of broad-leaved species in natural Korean pine forest was grouped or scattered, and age distribution was also uneven-aged.
There existed close relation between quality of broad-leaved species and Korean pine. So, it shaped multi-storied and uneven-aged
mixed forest. The model of age structure and growth demonstrated their passive correlation, but growth became slow when woods
had reached old age.
The study was funded by the Opened Research Station of Changbai Mountain Forest Ecosystems, the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
(Reponsible Editor: Chai Rulhai) 相似文献
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以通化县林业局三棚林场为例,论述了红松采种林基地建设的有关技术设计方案及经营管理措施。进而阐述了保护和开发好吉林省东部地区红松优良种质基因资源,对恢复吉林省东部森林生态系统,改善生态环境,建设生态省,实现可持续发展的战略规划具有重大意义。 相似文献
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Hugh G. Smith Gary J. Sheridan Patrick N.J. Lane Leon J. Bren 《Forest Ecology and Management》2011,261(3):570-581
This study examined the effect of wildfire and salvage harvesting on runoff generation and sediment exports from three small forest catchments in south-eastern Australia. In 2006, wildfire burnt a radiata pine catchment and two adjacent natural eucalypt forest catchments which formed part of a long-term hydrological research project. Subsequently, only the pine plantation catchment was salvage harvested. The combined effect of fire and salvage harvesting in the pine catchment caused a substantial increase in runoff compared to the burnt eucalypt forest catchments and pre-fire conditions, particularly in response to high intensity, short duration summer storms. Post-fire maximum suspended sediment concentrations from fixed-interval sampling greatly exceeded pre-fire values for both eucalypt and pine catchments, while sediment (suspended and bedload) exported from the pine catchment exceeded each of the eucalypt catchments by a minimum of 180 and 33 times. However, the export increase was probably closer to 320 and 71 times based on a survey of eroded channels in the pine catchment combined with measured post-survey exports. Notably, seven summer storm events accounted for approximately 80% of the pine catchment sediment yield. Hillslope process measurements indicated that the highest runoff velocities occurred in log drag-lines formed by cable harvesting, while soil water repellency was more extensive in the harvested pine catchment than in the adjacent eucalypt catchment. The latter effect probably resulted from higher burn severity in the pines combined with reduced soil moisture due to less shading after harvesting. Runoff modelling indicated that the log drag-lines acted as an extension to the drainage network and increased peak flows at the harvested catchment outlet by 48% for a high intensity summer storm event, while substantial reductions in modelled runoff were achieved through increasing the hillslope surface roughness coefficient. It is recommended that post-fire salvage operations should avoid the formation of log drag-lines when using cable harvest techniques and maximise surface cover to limit increases to runoff, erosion and catchment sediment exports. 相似文献