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日光温室蔬菜持续高效生产新技术 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
日光温室蔬菜既是淄博市农民增收的重要来源,也是发展无公害蔬菜生产的重点。由于常年连作,日光温室内根结线虫、根腐病、黄萎病等土传病害和土壤盐渍化日趋严重,已成为制约全市蔬菜产品与环境安全以及蔬菜产业可持续发展的限制性因子。在山东省财政厅的支持下,淄博市蔬菜办公室与中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所等科研单位联合,重点推 相似文献
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作为日光温室生产的反季节蔬菜.已成为广大消费者日常生活的必需品,推广应用七项无公害蔬菜病虫害防治技术,单项或整合用于蔬菜生产,可最大限度地不用或少用化学农药防治病虫害,避免或减少化学防治而造成的蔬菜污染,在无公害蔬菜生产上有着广阔的发展前景。 相似文献
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本文详述了工厂化育苗的设施要求、基质准备、播种及催芽、苗期管理与病虫害防治等技术措施,适用于在日光温室、冬暖式大棚和连栋温室等保护地栽培条件下进行商品性好、产量高、效益高的蔬菜规模化生产. 相似文献
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1范围
本规程规定了工厂化育苗的设施要求、基质准备、播种及催芽、苗期管理与病虫害防治等技术措施。本规程适用于在日光温室(冬暖式大棚)和连栋温室等保护地栽培条件下商品性好、产量高、效益高的蔬菜规模化生产。 相似文献
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青海省光热资源丰富,日照充足,昼夜温差大,降水少,具有发展节能日光温室蔬菜的得天独厚的自然条件。近年,随着产业结构的调整,保护地蔬菜生产逐年增加,其中黄瓜种植面积居各类蔬菜之首,达到630hm^2,占19%。保护地蔬菜的发展,对保障城乡居民的蔬菜供应和提高农民经济收入发挥了重要作用。但由于农户栽培管理经验不足,生产中还存在一些技术问题, 相似文献
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近几年,节能型日光温室在我国北方发展迅速,1997年已达14万hm2,之后,经过不断改进,推广面积逐年扩大,但温室中栽培的蔬菜多为番茄和黄瓜,种类单一,重迎茬无法避免,病虫害严重,生产出的蔬菜很难达到绿色食品的等级要求,因而目前日光温室蔬菜周年生产上急需增加高效低成本的蔬菜种类。西芹不仅以其硕大的株型和脆嫩清淡的香味,倍受种植者和消费者的喜爱,而且还是一种高产作物,一般产量能达6.75万~7.5万kg/hm2,产值可达10.5万~15万元 /hm2 。且栽培管理容易,病虫害较轻,是日光温室蔬菜周年生产理想的更新换代作物。1 栽培品种选择选择…… 相似文献
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我国北方日光温室种植蔬菜,对于农业增效、农民增收和提高人民生活质量具有重要作用。然而温室连年种植会引发土传病害严重、土壤盐渍化加重等一系列问题,不同程度地影响着蔬菜产量和质量。利用暖床种植蔬菜,不仅能解决这些常见问题,而且操作简单,可以变废为宝。 相似文献
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我国蔬菜产业和科学技术的发展与展望 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
1 我国蔬菜产业的发展现状蔬菜是人们日常生活中不可缺少的副食品,也是我国目前种植业中最具活力的经济作物。改革开放以来,随着市场经济的发展,农产品产销体制的不断改革和完善,特别是1988年实施“菜篮子工程”以来,蔬菜产业得到了蓬勃发展。1.1 播种面积1987~1999年,全国蔬菜播种面积由533.3万hm2,发展到1333.3万hm2,增长139.5%。1.2 总产量1987~1999年,全国蔬菜总产量由1.55亿t增加到4.05亿t,增长161.3%,使年人均鲜菜占有量达到330.7kg(世界各国人均105kg…… 相似文献
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Oil and protein crops are of growing importance in cropping systems. This study was carried out to compare oil crops of linseed, rapeseed, sunflower and protein crops of faba bean and white lupin for grain production, residual plant dry matter and nitrogen. Two field experiments with either oil or protein crops were conducted in 1993 and 1994, respectively. Total dry matter production, grain yield, residues, N concentrations and mineral N in the soil were measured. Dry matter production and distribution as well as N uptake and residues varied greatly among species and between years. In 1993, oil crops gave up to 3 t ha−1 grain and 16 t ha−1 residues with sunflower, while in 1994 up to 5 and 11 t ha−1, respectively, were recorded with winter rape. Protein crops showed an opposite reaction in years. Nitrogen uptake and residual N amounts were correlated with dry matter production. Plant residues of oil crops contained 20–140 kg N ha−1; those of protein crops up to 80 kg N ha−1. Despite the variation of residual plant N the variability of mineral N in the soil at harvest was hardly influenced by crops and amounted to only 20–50 kg NO−3-N ha−1. 相似文献
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以Y05-222A和Y06-136R杂交得到的135株F2群体为研究材料,测定过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、脯氨酸(Pro)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、可溶性蛋白和丙二醛(MDA)等6个生理指标,并进行方差分析、相关性分析和通径分析,对F2群体进行偏度及峰度分析。结果显示,以上6个生理指标在F2群体中P>0.05,分布频率符合正态分布,同时存在双向超亲分离现象;相关性分析和通径分析显示,这些指标与抗盐碱系数均呈极显著相关(正相关或负相关),且相关系数与总间接通径系数方向一致。POD活性的直接通径系数为0.5003,可见POD直接影响抗盐碱性;CAT活性和Pro含量的直接通径系数分别为-0.1317和-0.0384,间接影响抗盐碱性;SOD活性、MDA及可溶性蛋白含量直接或间接影响抗盐碱性。POD、SOD、Pro、CAT、可溶性蛋白和MDA各生理指标的抗盐碱作用表现为POD>CAT>Pro>可溶性蛋白>MDA>SOD。叶片数、株高、茎粗和盘径与抗盐碱系数呈极显著正相关,其相关性表现为叶片数>盘径>株高>茎粗。以上结果可为研究油用向日葵抗盐碱性提供一定的理论基础。 相似文献
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《Journal of Landscape Research》2013,(Z1)
Definition of Fengshui and the theories of selecting mountain and water environment in Fengshui were elaborated. Theories about mountain-water relationship were expounded from the perspective of piling of rockeries and layout of water, a residential area in Hefei City, Beijing Olympics Park, Hangzhou Prince Bay Park, mineral pit of Shanghai Chenshan Botanic Garden, Beijing Beihai Park, Shanghai Changfeng Park were taken for example to demonstrate the influence of traditional rockery and mountain layout in Fengshui on modern landscape design. 相似文献
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果蔬食品的褐变与控制 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
结合生产实际,对果蔬食品产生褐变的机理及其控制途径进行探讨。通过遗传学途径,培育果蔬新品种,使之不含易氧化变色物质,增强其天然抗褐变性,是控制果蔬褐变的根本途径。 相似文献
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LI Zhi-liang~ 《保鲜与加工》2004,(7):82-85
Some novel concepts of chemomics/molomics are proposed including hydrocarbomics, alcophenomics, carboxomics, pepitomics, metabonomics, etc. like genomics, protomics and glycomics in bioomics. Some examples are given to demonstrate the chemomics and/or molomics methodology and technology based chemoinformatics and bioinformatics and their wide applications in Chemistry and Biology. 相似文献
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Acidity and sweetness in apple and pear 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Summary Sweetness and acidity in apple and pear inherit independently and can be organoleptically evaluated separately, but less accurately in pear than in apple. For breeding purposes an analysis of fruits for acidity and sweetness with pH indicator paper and a hand refractometer is to be prefered to the organoleptic method.In apple, the acidity-decreasing with time-of the unripe fruit was already strongly indicative of that of the eating-ripe fruit; sugar-increasing with time-not before the fruit was picking ripe. Sugar content in apple and pear, and the pH in pear, appeared to be normally distributed; the pH in apple showed a segregation into an acid and a low-acid group, which occurred in both the unripe and ripe stage. The segregation ratio between these groups was found to be highly variable. On the whole, the mean acidity and sugar content of apple and pear progenies is significantly determined by that of the parents. Most of the observations made did not support the theory that low acidity in apple is determined by one recessive gene. The relationship between the pH of leaf juice and fruit juice in apple may offer a possibility for pre-selection. 相似文献
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种子萌发是一种关键的生态和农业性状,由调控种子休眠状态和萌发潜势的内在和外部信息所决定,在植物随后的生长发育和产量中起着极其重要的作用。休眠是指种子在合适的条件下暂时不能萌发。乙烯是一种简单的具有多种功能的气体植物激素,在分子、细胞和整体植物水平调节植物的代谢。在适宜和逆境条件下,乙烯通过与其他信号分子的相互作用影响植物的行为。本文主要综述乙烯的生物合成与信号、乙烯在种子萌发和休眠释放中的作用以及乙烯与植物激素脱落酸和赤霉素的相互作用;并提出了需要进一步研究的科学问题,试图为解释乙烯调控种子萌发与休眠的分子机制提供新的研究思想。 相似文献