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奶牛乳房炎致病型耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的分离鉴定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探究引起奶牛乳房炎的耐药性致病菌,本研究针对西安地区显性乳房炎奶样中的耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）进行系统研究。采用常规细菌学鉴定法对34头（次）荷斯坦牛76个乳区152份奶样的金黄色葡萄球菌（Staphylococcus aureus,S.aureus）进行了分离培养,共检出92株阳性菌株,检出率为60.5%;对其进行S.aureus致病基因nuc的特异性PCR检测,共检出28株含nuc基因的阳性菌株,检出率为30.4%;进一步针对MRSA耐药基因mecA进行特异性PCR扩增,共检出5株MRSA,检出率为17.9%。研究结果为MRSA耐药菌的有效检测及奶牛乳房炎的治疗提供了指导。 相似文献
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本研究对部分奶牛场采集的502份隐性乳房炎试验（california mastitis test,CMT）检测呈阳性的奶样进行细菌分离、鉴定,运用多重PCR方法筛选出耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus,MRSA）,并对分离出的MRSA用纸片扩散法进行药敏试验,检测其对19种抗菌药物的敏感性。结果显示,分离到细菌的奶样有452份,其中检出葡萄球菌338株,MRSA 89株;MRSA分离株主要对万古霉素、磷霉素、氯霉素和克拉霉素敏感,对青霉素、多黏菌素、大观霉素及头孢他啶具有较强的耐药性。本研究为指导奶牛乳房炎用药、MRSA菌株的快速鉴定及制定MRSA感染的防控措施提供参考。 相似文献
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为了解上海地区动物源性金黄色葡萄球菌的耐药情况,采用微量肉汤稀释法对1999年、2011—2018年(2016年除外)分离鉴定保存的78株金黄色葡萄球菌进行19种药物的药敏试验,采用头孢西丁纸片法进行耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus,MRSA)菌株筛选,采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)进行mecA基因检测。结果:金黄色葡萄球菌除万古霉素、利奈唑胺、夫西地酸、莫匹罗星外,均产生耐药性,多重耐药现象严重,耐药谱广;MRSA检出率为51.3%,发病样品、健康畜禽的粪便样品、环境样品中均检测到MRSA;mecA基因检出率为51.3%,MRSA中mecA基因携带率显著高于甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌(Methicillin-sensitive staphylococcus aureus,MSSA)。 相似文献
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作者针对临床及亚临床乳房炎奶牛乳汁中金黄色葡萄球菌分离株的毒素基因进行检测和脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)基因分型,比较2种类型乳房炎金黄色葡萄球菌分离株的差异.无菌法采集奶样,采用国际标准方法从中分离金黄色葡萄球菌,用多重PCR方法扩增nuc基因和mecA基因以确证金黄色葡萄球菌(SA)和耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA).进一步用PCR方法检测SA的各种毒素基因(SEs、ETs、TSST 1和PVL基因等).利用限制性内切酶Sma Ⅰ对SA基因组DNA进行酶切和PFGE分析,最后利用BioNumerics软件进行聚类分析.结果:19.3％(23/119)的临床乳房炎奶样和14.8％(26/176)的亚临床乳房炎奶样确定为金黄色葡萄球菌阳性样品,分别从中分离鉴定出43株和26株金黄色葡萄球菌,其中临床乳房炎分离株中有5株为mecA基因阳性.临床乳房炎奶牛奶样中检测到SA的SEA、SEB、SED、SEJ和PVL毒素基因,检出率分别为3.8％(1株)、11.5％(3株)、19.2％(5株)、7.7％(2株)和31.2％(10株);亚临床乳房炎奶牛乳样中仅检测到SA的SEA和PVL毒力基因,检出率分别为7.0％(3株)和84.1％(37株).表明临床与亚临床乳房炎奶牛乳汁中SA菌株携带的毒素基因不一样,SEs可能是临床乳房炎菌株的重要致病基因,PVL可能是亚临床乳房炎菌株的重要致病基因.69株SA使用Sma Ⅰ酶切分型后,可分为7个大簇、50个基因型,来源相同的SA分型后大部分位于同一簇内.临床乳房炎奶牛乳汁中检测到MRSA菌株,PVL基因在亚临床乳房炎中的检出率为临床乳房炎的2.7倍.PFGE方法能较好的区分临床乳房炎和亚临床乳房炎的SA分离菌株. 相似文献
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为了解动物源性金黄色葡萄球菌对市售常见的各种兽用抗生素药物的耐药情况,掌握并分析其耐药性,指导临床合理使用抗菌药物。本研究通过常规细菌分离鉴定患病动物炎性分泌物,对分离菌株进行生化试验、耐药性试验、耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(Methicillin-resistant S.aureus,MRSA)鉴定和耐药基因鉴定,获得4株耐药金黄色葡萄球菌,2株为MRSA,2株为甲氧西林敏感的金黄色葡萄球菌(Methicillinsusceptible S.aureus,MSSA);4株金黄色葡萄球菌均检测出tetA、aac(6')/aph(2')、sul1耐药基因,其中2株MRSA检测出mecA。MRSA与MSSA均表现出了多重耐药现象,其中MRSA比MSSA的耐药现象更为广泛。因此,要更加关注MRSA的流行情况,制定规范的用药行为,严控抗生素药物的滥用。 相似文献
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大通县城奶牛乳样中葡萄球菌的分离与鉴定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过细菌分离培养法对大通县城奶牛乳汁样品36份进行金黄色葡萄球菌的分离，并采用金黄色葡萄球菌常规鉴定方法血浆凝固酶试验、甘露醇发酵试验和接触酶试验进行了鉴定，36份乳样中检出金黄色葡萄球菌阳性7份，阳性率为19．7％(7／36)。 相似文献
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为了解内蒙古地区奶牛乳房炎金黄色葡萄球菌荚膜多糖的主要血清型,试验从内蒙古地区9个牧场共采集236份奶牛乳房炎患牛的奶样,采用常规微生物方法、生物化学反应方法、动物试验和PCR方法对金黄色葡萄球菌荚膜多糖的血清型进行鉴定。结果表明:经常规微生物学检验分离得到162株葡萄球菌,其中金黄色葡萄球菌(S.aureus)124株、表皮葡萄球菌(S.epidermidis)29株、腐生葡萄球菌(S.saparophytics)9株。动物试验得到116株致病性S.aureus。PCR方法鉴定出荚膜多糖5型S.aureus23株,占致病性S.aureus的19.83%;荚膜多糖8型S.aureus61株,占致病性S.aureus的52.59%;荚膜多糖5型和8型S.aureus占致病性S.aureus的72.41%。说明5型和8型S.aureus是内蒙古地区奶牛乳房炎金黄色葡萄球菌荚膜多糖的主要血清型。 相似文献
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金黄色葡萄球菌是引起人和动物感染及食物中毒的重要病原体之一。为了解四川省山羊金黄色葡萄球菌的健康带菌情况及其耐药性,采集了省内4个养殖场共32只山羊的鼻腔棉拭子样本,进行金黄色葡萄球菌的分离、鉴定及药敏试验。共从11只羊的鼻腔棉拭子样本中分离出金黄色葡萄球菌,检出率为34.4％。对临床分离株进行了苯唑西林、头孢西丁、万古霉素等11种抗菌药物的药敏试验,结果表明,分离株对氨苄西林的耐药率为72.7％,对其它抗菌药物没有耐药性,未发现耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）。本研究结果表明,四川地区山羊的金黄色葡萄球菌的带菌情况较普遍,因此,应该规范屠宰过程的卫生操作,并进行严格监控,减少金黄色葡萄球菌的污染。 相似文献
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为了掌握湖南省内奶牛源金黄色葡萄球菌的耐药情况,指导临床合理用药,抽取牛乳样品,通过对细菌的分离培养和纯化,采用基质辅助激光电离飞行时间质谱仪和全自动生化鉴定仪进行鉴定,并对分离菌株进行18种抗菌药物耐药性检测,结合耐药表型和mecA基因检测判定MRSA菌株。结果显示,2020-2021年从湖南地区257份牛乳样品中分离出金黄色葡萄球菌39株,89.74%的临床分离菌株表现为不同程度耐药,其中对青霉素耐药最为严重,耐药率达82.05%;对红霉素、克林霉素、替米考星、庆大霉素、头孢西丁耐药率在20%～35%之间;对多西环素及万古霉素绝对敏感,耐药率为0。38.46%分离菌株表现为多重耐药,以7重耐药最多。鉴定出19株MRSA,其中包含15株OS-MRSA和4株OR-MRSA。本研究可为湖南省内奶牛企业制定合理用药措施提供依据。 相似文献
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Three rapid agglutination assays for the identification of Staphylococcus aureus Monostaph (Bionor A/S, Skien, Norway), Staphyslide-Test (BioMerieux, Lyon, France) and Staph-Rapid-Test (Roche, Basel, Switzerland), were compared. A total of 104 Gram-positive, catalase positive cocci were tested: Nineteen Staphylococcus reference strains comprising 15 spp. (4 strains were coagulase positive), and 7 Micrococcus reference strains comprising 4 spp.; 22 food isolates comprising 13 S. aureus, 8 coagulase positive Staphylococcus spp., and 1 Micrococcus sp.; 56 animal isolates comprising 11 S. aureus, 9 S. hyicus subsp. hyicus, 2 S. intermedius, 15 coagulase positive and 19 coagulase negative Staphylococcus spp. Totally 54 strains were coagulase positive. Considering agglutination of a coagulase positive strain as a correct identification, Monostaph, Staph-Rapid-Test, and Staphyslide-Test correctly identified 52 (96.3%), 47 (87.0%) and 48 (89.0%) of the coagulase positive staphylococci, respectively. Monostaph, Staph-Rapid-Test and Staphyslide-Test showed 1 (2.0%), 4 (8.0%) and 4 (8.0%) false positive reactions respectively. Monostaph, Staph-Rapid-Test and Staphyslide-Test gave 0 (0.0%), 6 (5.8%) and 7 (6.7%) non-interpretable reactions, respectively. Monostaph may be a good alternative to the tube-coagulase test for rapid and reliable identification of coagulase positive staphylococci from both food and veterinary sources. However, false negative reactions may occur with coagulase positive strains of S. hyicus subsp. hyicus and S. intermedius. 相似文献
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Staphylococcus aureus isolates from dairy cows and humans on a farm differ in coagulase genotype 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Staphylococcus aureus is a frequent cause of animal and human infections. The aim of the present study was to test diversity of the populations of S. aureus colonising cattle and humans sharing an infected environment. Eighty-six S. aureus isolates obtained from dairy cows, from people coming into contact with dairy cows on the farm and the other farm personnel were characterized by restriction fragment length polymorphism of the coagulase gene. Molecular analyses identified ten polymorphism types with prevalent presentation of type II in isolates from cow's milk and type IV in isolates from people coming into contact with dairy cows on the farm (the cattlemen) and the other farm personnel. Seven further genotypes were identified among the isolates from the cattlemen. The results indicate that the strains dominating in human population did not equate to the causative agents of bovine mastitis. 相似文献
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van Duijkeren E Box AT Mulder J Wannet WJ Fluit AC Houwers DJ 《Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde》2003,128(10):314-315
In the Netherlands, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are regularly isolated from humans. We present the first isolation of MRSA from animal origin in the Netherlands. A coagulase positive staphylococcus was cultured from an infected wound in a Dutch dog that recently underwent surgery abroad. The staphylococcus was resistant to methicillin, ampicillin, amoxycillin + clavulanic acid, cephalexin, erythromycin, lincomycin, tetracycline, gentamicin and enrofloxacin. It was identified as S. aureus by fermentation of mannitol and Martineau-PCR. The presence of mecA was confirmed by PCR. 相似文献
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本研究旨在了解甘肃地区奶牛乳房炎金黄色葡萄球菌的耐药性和耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的感染情况,为奶牛乳房炎的防制提供理论依据。采用KB纸片扩散法,检测17株金黄色葡萄球菌对8种不同抗菌药物的敏感性;再用琼脂稀释法检测了苯唑西林、万古霉素对金黄色葡萄球菌的最小抑菌浓度(MICs);头孢西丁纸片扩散法和PCR扩增特异性mecA耐药基因对所有受试菌株进行全面的耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌检测。结果表明,菌株对青霉素、磺胺异恶唑具有较强抗性,而对环丙沙星、头孢唑啉、万古霉素和苯唑西林全敏感;头孢西丁纸片扩散法未能检测出表型为MRSA的阳性菌株,而PCR方法却检测出8株mecA基因阳性菌株,且这些菌株的苯唑西林MIC均小于2 μg/mL。菌株的耐药情况较严重,对甲氧西林敏感而携带mecA基因的菌株高频存在于被调查地区的奶牛场中。 相似文献
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Staphylococcus aureus is a common pathogen which can colonise and infect not only man, but also domestic animals. Especially, infection of cattle is of high economic relevance as S. aureus is an important causal agent of bovine mastitis. In the present contribution, a DNA microarray was applied for the study of 144 different gene targets, including resistance genes and genes encoding exotoxins, in S. aureus isolated from cows. One hundred and twenty-eight isolates from Germany and Switzerland were tested. These isolates were assigned to 20 different strains and nine clonal complexes. The majority of isolates belonged either to apparently closely related clonal complexes 8, 25, and 97 (together 34.4%) or were related to the sequenced bovine strain RF122 (48.4%). Notable characteristics of S. aureus of bovine origin are the carriage of intact haemolysin beta (in 82% of isolates tested), the absence of staphylokinase (in 89.1%), the presence of allelic variants of several exotoxins such as toxic shock syndrome toxin and enterotoxin N, and the occurrence of the leukocidin lukF-P83/lukM (in 53.1%). Two isolates were methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). One of them was a clonal complex 8 MRSA related to the epidemic MRSA strain Irish 01. The other one belonged to ST398/spa-type 34 resembling a newly emerging MRSA strain which has been described to occur in humans as well as in domestic animals. The presence of these two strains highlights the possibility of transfers of S. aureus strains between different host species. 相似文献
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Staphylococci isolated from animals (n=311) were screened for methicillin resistance by oxacillin agar screening. Oxacillin-resistant strains were tested for the presence of the mecA gene by PCR. Isolates were identified by standard techniques and 16S rDNA analysis, and their antimicrobial susceptibilities were tested using an agar diffusion method. MecA-positive strains were further analyzed using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). From 11 multidrug-resistant staphylococci, 6 were mecA-positive: 2 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and 4 Staphylococcus haemolyticus. Screening of 300 staphylococci (100 S. aureus, 100 S. intermedius and 100 coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS)) randomly chosen from the strain collection of the Veterinary Microbiological Diagnostic Center yielded five oxacillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci, four of which were mecA-positive. PFGE showed that all mecA-positive staphylococci isolated from animals had distinct patterns. However, one MRSA isolated from a flank fistula of a dog showed homology to a human epidemic MRSA cluster, suggesting that transfer of MRSA between humans and dogs might occur. 相似文献
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Nasal, axillary and rectal swabs were collected from 193 dogs admitted to the Ontario Veterinary College Veterinary Teaching Hospital. Enrichment culture was performed and coagulase positive staphylococci were identified via standard methods. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius was isolated from 4/193 (2.1%) dogs, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus schleiferi subsp. coagulans were each isolated from 1/193 (0.5%) dogs. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus intermedius was not identified. All S. pseudintermedius isolates were unrelated on pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Evaluation of the epidemiology of methicillin-resistant staphylococcal colonization is necessary to understand the apparent emergence of these strains and to develop appropriate control strategies. 相似文献
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Nawrotek P Czernomysy-Furowicz D Borkowski J Fijałkowski K Pobucewicz A 《Veterinary microbiology》2012,155(2-4):434-437
The aim of this study was to demonstrate the effect of auto-vaccine therapy on selected properties of Staphylococcus aureus strains, isolated from milk of cows with subclinical mastitis. The experiment was based on auto-vaccines which were prepared from S. aureus strains isolated from 16 cows. S. aureus strains isolated from cows on the 7th, 21st and 35th day following auto-vaccination, were analyzed phenotypically and genotypically. The isolated strains represented 17 biotypes all belonging to one clonal type. Increases of new biotypes of S. aureus were detected on the 35th day of therapy. Among 48 re-isolated strains, 18.75% (9/48) revealed single and 12.50% (6/48) multiple phenotypical changes. The present study demonstrated that during auto-vaccine therapy, S. aureus strains can change phenotypically, pointing out the necessity for using precise diagnostic methods, that would make possible a better assessment of the used therapy. 相似文献
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Segura P Martinez J Peris B Selva L Viana D Penades JR Corpa JM 《The Veterinary record》2007,160(25):869-872
The main reasons for culling adult rabbit does on two Spanish rabbit farms were investigated for a year. The most important conditions were mastitis (33.3 per cent), followed by subcutaneous abscesses (9.9 per cent) and pyometra (8.7 per cent). Staphylococcus aureus infections were the most severe problem, the organism being isolated from 69.2 per cent of infected animals. Pasteurella species were more prevalent in cases of pyometra and pneumonia. Two strains of S aureus were identified by using polymorphism of the coagulase gene as the criterion. One of these strains was responsible for the majority of the staphylococcal infections and was isolated from several pathological processes. 相似文献