共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
舞毒蛾、栎毒蛾是河北省板栗产区重要害虫，往往造成诸多栗园叶片连年被吃光，而无栗果产量。本研究结果表明，采用４５％栗虫净乳油或４０％氧乐果乳油或５０％甲胺磷乳油的５倍液，于栗树雄蕊显现期、即２种害虫１－３龄幼虫时进行药剂涂防治，效果为９４％以上，并具有天敌、兼治其他食叶害虫作用。此项技术操作简便，经济有效，易于推广。 相似文献
2.
3.
舞毒蛾属鳞翅目夜蛾总科毒蛾科舞毒蛾属。是一种食性广谱的食叶害虫,本文主要介绍了它的生活史、主要形态特征和主要防治措施。 相似文献
4.
热带果树毒蛾类害虫及其防治技术 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
毒蛾类害虫均属鳞翅目．夜蛾总科，毒蛾科昆虫，是危害农、林、牧业生产的一类常见害虫，分布广，种类多，危害大，一些种类往往是森林、果树的重要害虫。毒蛾主要取食寄主植物的叶、花和嫩果等，大发生时将寄主植物的叶片取食后，仅剩主脉．严重影响寄主植物的生长和开花结果。为害热带果树的 相似文献
5.
栗毒蛾生物学特性观察刘桂祥，朱孟玉，于奎江，靖玉柱（山东省临沐县林业局，２７６７００）（临沐县农民板栗研究所）栗毒蛾（ＬｙｍａｎｔｒｉａｍａｔｈｕｒａＭｏｏｒｓ）又名栋毒蛾，苹果大毒蛾，国内发生比较普遍，寄主有栗、株、苹果、梨、李、杏等。幼虫嚼食叶片... 相似文献
7.
栗毒蛾(Lymantria mathura moore)属鳞翅目毒蛾科,又名黑毛虫、长毛虫、花毛虫。幼虫危害板栗等壳斗科植物。栗毒蛾以幼虫嚼食叶片,具有暴食特点,前期危害新梢嫩叶,盛期为害成熟叶片,轻者被害叶片残缺不全,重者全树食光,严重影响树体光合生产,导致树势衰弱,造成大量减产,甚至全株死亡。1988—1990年,我们对栗毒蛾 相似文献
8.
拟除虫菊酯毒纸和毒绳防治舞毒蛾试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
舞毒蛾是世界性大害虫,分布广、食性杂,为害多种针、阔叶树和果树,在鲁中南山区主要为害柿、栗、核桃等干果类果树,发生严重时可将叶片吃光,造成果树连年减产。据我们在枣庄市调查,舞毒蛾卵块98.9%分布于石块、地堰等隐蔽场所,人工清除费工费时,且较困难。而柿树被害株率为100%,最大虫口密度为1634头/株。为此,我们1987年以来,研制并实践了拟除虫菊酯类毒纸和毒蝇防治舞毒蛾,取得了良好的效果。 试验地概况 供试植株为村旁和地堰上栽植的柿树,共95株,树龄均在30年生以上,树高5～12m,冠幅6～10m。从1982年以来,舞毒蛾常年大发生,1989年调查,… 相似文献
9.
近年来,刚竹毒蛾在福建省危害日趋严重,对莆田市的竹林生产和生态建设也构成十分严重的威胁,且有不断扩大的趋势。所以,应采取有效措施进行积极的预防和防治,才能够避免或减少因刚竹毒蛾的严重危害而造成的经济损失。因此,需积极采用人工清理虫害木与林分更新改造相结合的方法,综合运用物理防治、生物防治和化学防治等各种控制措施,有效地遏制刚竹毒蛾的危害。 相似文献
10.
11.
近几年，茄子、瓜类、棉花枯黄萎病逐年加重，一般年份发病率40％～50％，严重年份发病率达70％以上，甚至绝收，给生产带来巨大的损失。枯，黄萎病一直被视为不治之症，有植物癌症之称。防治枯、黄萎病，是茄子、瓜类、棉花丰收的保证。 相似文献
12.
Steven Walters 《Landscape Ecology》2007,22(6):867-881
Understanding the impacts of habitat fragmentation on dispersal is an important issue in landscape and conservation ecology.
Here I examine the effects of fine- to broad-scale patterns in landscape structure on dispersal success of organisms with
differing life-history traits. An individual-based model was used to simulate dispersal of amphibian-like species whose movements
were driven by land cover and moisture conditions. To systematically control spatial pattern, a landscape model was created
by merging simulated land cover maps with synthetic topographic surfaces. Landscapes varied in topographic roughness and spatial
contagion in agriculture and urban land cover. Simulations included three different species types that varied in their maximum
potential dispersal distances by 1-, 2-, or 4-fold. Two sets of simulations addressed effects of varying aspects of landscape
structure on dispersal success. In the first set of simulations, which incorporated variable distances between breeding patches,
dispersal success was lowest for all species types when anthropogenic cover was patchily distributed. In the second set, with
interpatch distances held constant as landscape composition varied, dispersal success decreased as anthropogenic cover became
spatially contagious. Both sets revealed strong main effects of species characteristics, interpatch distances and landscape
composition on dispersal success; furthermore, scale-dependent patterns in land cover and moisture gradients had a stronger
effect on longer- than shorter-ranging species types. Taken together, these simulations suggest that heuristic conservation
strategies could potentially be developed based on important but limited life history information. 相似文献
13.
Monjeau J. Adrian Birney Elmer C. Ghermandi Luciana Sikes Robert S. Margutti Laura Phillips Carleton J. 《Landscape Ecology》1998,13(5):285-306
Assemblages of plants were studied at 14 sites in northern Patagonia corresponding to localities at which we (Monjeau et al. 1997) earlier studied the relationship between small mammal assemblages and landscape classifications. This allowed us to test predictions that both plants and small mammals correspond to the more inclusive hierarchical landscape divisions but that plants track better than small mammals the less inclusive divisions. Species presence or absence of plants at each locality was used in a series of multivariate analyses and compared by correlation analysis with those generated from small mammal species data. Assemblages of both plants and small mammals corresponded to the upper divisions, which are based on climatic and geomorphological features, but small mammal assemblages did not correspond to the lower divisions of the landscape classifications. Three factors are considered as explanations for the observed differences between plants and small mammals: a) small mammal habitat is determined more by plant growth form than by plant species; b) trophic level differences between the two groups; and c) species pool size affects the resolution of microhabitat correspondence. Our data indicate that both plant assemblages and small mammal assemblages respond to climatic and geomorphological features, which is in contrast to the paradigm that mammal assemblages simply follow plant assemblages. We also attempted to reconcile classification systems in Patagonia by proposing a nomenclatural system based on a hierarchical classification. In the system proposed, ecoregion is the lowest division small mammal assemblages can recognize in Patagonia. Finally, we conclude that the hierarchical nature of landscapes based on a holistic view of environments reflects real entities that are not just the perceptions of landscape ecologists. 相似文献
14.
15.
16.
AIM: To investigate the levels of IL-18, IL-16, IL-8, eotaxin and the chymase activity in the sputum of asthmatics. METHODS: IL-18, IL-16, IL-8 and eotaxin levels were detected with sandwich ELISA procedures and chymase activity was determined spectrophotometrically (410 nm) by the rate of hydrolysis of N-succinyl-L-Ala-L-Ala-L-Pro-L-Phe-p-nitroanilide (SAAPP). RESULTS: The specific chymase activities in the severe and moderate asthmatics were higher than that in controls. Native protease inhibitors α1-antitrypsin (α1-AT) and soybean trypsin inhibitor (SBTI) inhibited 71.9% and 72.1% enzymatic chymase activity, respectively. The levels of IL-18, IL-16, IL-8 and eotaxin were significantly elevated in the sputum of patients with acute asthma. There were correlations between the levels of IL-8 and IL-16 (r=0.55, P<0.05), IL-8 and eotaxin (r=0.41, P<0.05), IL-18 and IL-16 (r=0.64, P<0.01), IL-18 and eotaxin (r=0.66, P<0.01)，IL-16 and eotaxin (r=0.64, P<0.01), but they all failed to correlate with neutrophils, epithelial cells, lymphocytes and macrophages. CONCLUSION: The levels of IL-18， IL-16， IL-8， eotaxin and the activity of chymase were elevated in the sputum of the patients with asthma, indicating that they may play a role in the pathogenesis of asthma. 相似文献
17.
氮磷钾施用量与洋葱产量的相关性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用3因素2次回归通用旋转设计,对N、P、K施用量与洋葱产量的相关性进行了研究,并分别建立了3元2次回归方程.结果表明:N、P、K皆有利于洋葱的形成,P对洋葱产量的影响较大,在土壤缺P地区应重视P肥的施用;3因素在影响洋葱产量上存在交互作用;经计算机模拟,N、P、K最佳组合方案为:12.5 kg/667 m2、20.0 kg/667 m2、3.0 kg/667 m2,洋葱产量最高可达7 440.2 kg/667 m2. 相似文献
18.
19.
蔬菜是种植业中最具有活力的经济作物 ,蔬菜产业在中国农业发展中具有独特的地位和优势。改革开放以来 ,祖国大陆蔬菜产销业迅猛发展 ,已经成为大陆种植业中仅次于粮食的第二大产业 ,中国也已经成为世界第一大蔬菜生产与消费大国。中国加入ＷＴＯ ,不仅极大地促进了大陆蔬菜产业的国际化与市场化进程 ,同时更为海峡两岸四地蔬菜产业的合作与发展提供了千载难逢的机遇。下面笔者就近年来大陆蔬菜产业的发展和入世后如何加强两岸四地农业合作问题谈点个人看法 ,仅供参考。1 2 0 0 1年大陆蔬菜产销状况1 .1 播种面积、总产量继续增长据统计 … 相似文献
20.
氮、磷、钾肥对红枣产量和品质的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
研究了氮磷钾肥对6a树龄红枣产量和品质的影响。结果表明:新疆南部红枣最高产量施肥量为N691.5 kg/hm2,P2O5 577.5 kg/hm2,K2O 72 kg/hm2,施用比例1:0.84:0.11。采用平衡施肥能增加红枣产量,降低红枣果实中总酸度,并能增加红枣果实中水解还原糖和VC含量,从而提高红枣产品品质,增加效益。红枣果实中总酸度随氮肥施用量增加而增加;磷钾肥能降低总酸度。当氮、磷、钾肥分别控制在600、180～450、75kg/hm2时能显著提高红枣果实中水解还原糖和VC含量。 相似文献