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为进一步规范西藏农民专业合作社管理,提高西藏农牧业经营水平,充分发挥农民专业合作社在增加农民收入中的重要作用,加快构建西藏农牧业经营主体,推进西藏农牧业持续快速发展,在对西藏自治区农民专业合作社发展现状进行深入调研基础上,全面总结西藏农民专业合作社发展成效和成功经验,重点分析了合作社运行机制不规范、效益分配不合理、利益连接不紧密等发展中存在的问题和制约因素,并依据农民专业合作社理论、政策和制度,提出从提高认识、强化引导,整合资源、集约发展,完善机制、强化管理,示范引领、加强扶持,培训指导、提升服务等5个方面进一步规范和支持农民专业合作社快速发展的政策建议和举措。 相似文献
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美国和澳大利亚有机农业发展迅速,在世界有机农业中占有重要地位,本文对美国和澳大利亚有机农业的发展和政策进行梳理,并在产品标准、科研创新和政策补贴方面提出建议。 相似文献
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甘南州把发展农牧民专业合作社作为适应市场经济发展规律,提高农牧业组织化程度,推进农牧业产业化经营的重要抓手,聚焦精准扶贫,聚力产业振兴,通过资金扶持、定向服务财务共享、抱团取暖、仓储冷链、试点先行、联接带动等措施,高效推进了合作社规范提升,对助力脱贫攻坚、促进现代农业发展和乡村振兴等方面发挥了重要作用。总结规范提升的实践探索和存在的问题,对农牧村专业合作社发展具有积极的借鉴意义。 相似文献
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周文毅 《农产品加工．学刊》2005,(3):24-25
近年来,内蒙古自治区党委、政府把推进农牧业产业化作为统筹城乡发展,实施“三化”发展战略,调整优化农村牧区经济结构,增加农牧民收入的主要途径和突破口来抓,从而进一步理清了思路,明确了目标,使全区农牧业产业化经营取得了明显的成效。1.龙头企业迅速崛起带动作用显著增强(1 相似文献
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<正>近日,农业部蝗灾防治指挥部在成都召开西藏飞蝗联防工作会议,总结2008年防治工作,对今年西藏飞蝗防治工作进行部署。会议要求,各有关部门要坚决打好蝗虫防治这场硬仗,为西藏、四川、青海三省区农牧业发展、农牧民增收和经济社会发展做出应有的贡献。 相似文献
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1．新西兰草地畜牧业发展概况新西兰地处南太平洋，由南岛和北岛两个大岛及周边若干小岛组成，国土面积26．8万km^2。新西兰属温带海洋性气候，植物生长茂盛，森林覆盖率达39．9％。由于良好的地理环境，约2／3的土地适宜发展农牧业，农牧业用地1564．03万hm2， 相似文献
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In December 1998 Professor R. Gerard Ward retired after 27 years as Professor of Geography in the Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies at the Australian National University. Ward’s contributions to his discipline, the social sciences, and the discourses about development in the Pacific region have been very considerable. This paper reviews some of the achievements of one of the twentieth century’s eminent Pacific geographers. After establishing his academic roots in the Department of Geography at the University of Auckland in the 1950s, we outline the major clusters of his writing on land use and land tenure, population dynamics and urbanisation, Pacific history and prehistory, Pacific development issues, informal markets, transport systems and tele-cost worlds. The paper concludes with an assessment of three unusual features of Ward’s writing: the breadth of his interests, the range of scales he felt comfortable working at, and the innovative nature of ideas introduced into debates about Pacific development. A comprehensive list of Ward’s publications is attached to this paper. 相似文献
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Wheat quality requirements of Asian foods 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Australian wheat quality research has focused on the quality requirements of Asian markets for more than 20 years. This has
included the development of appropriate test methods for the laboratory manufacture and quality assessment of wheat-based
food products. Products considered have included white salted and yellow alkaline noodles, instant noodles, steamed bread
and dumplings. The research has also been aimed at the wheat quality requirements of these products to assist in defining
appropriate quality objectives for Australian wheat breeding programs.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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A series of trials to increase understanding of the summer dormancy trait in Phalaris aquatica was conducted. Autumn‐sown and younger, spring‐sown plants of two cultivars (cvv), known to contrast in expression of summer dormancy, were established and then tested over the following summer under three moisture regimes: long drought; drought + mid‐summer storm; or full irrigation. The autumn‐sown plants of cv. Atlas PG expressed substantial but incomplete summer dormancy under all moisture regimes and exhibited the characteristic responses including significant growth reduction and herbage senescence. The summer‐dormant cv. Atlas PG used 31 mm less soil water over the summer and also began to rehydrate its leaf bases from conserved soil water before the drought broke. The non‐dormant cv. Australian grew whenever moisture was applied and also responded to the mid‐summer storm with a decline in dehydrin expression in leaf bases, whereas no decline occurred in Atlas PG, presumably because it remained dormant. The irrigated, younger, spring‐sown swards of cv. Atlas PG had restrained growth and produced only about 37 % of the herbage of cv. Australian. Drought reduced activity and growth of young plants of both cultivars but while Australian regrew in response to the storm, cv. Atlas PG, grew much less (59 % of Australian) indicating that dormancy, although only partially expressed after spring sowing, was reinforced by summer drought. Australian used more soil water over summer than Atlas PG, and it is suggested that this is why cv Australian is limited to the higher rainfall zones of south‐eastern Australia, particularly where soil water holding capacity is limited. 相似文献
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Summary Plants of 43 Australian wheat cultivars of historical and contemporary importance and 7 Mexican introductions were grown in a glasshouse and measured for 27 morphological and physiological attributes.Phenotypic relationships among the cultivars across all attributes were examined by hierarchical classification and ordination procedures. Seven major groups of cultivars delimited in the classification were broadly related to extremes of plant type (3 tall, late-flowering Australian wheats and 2 early-flowering Mexican wheats of high harvest index were contrasting extremes), region of breeding origins (southern/western versus northern Australian cereal regions) and pedigree (strong influences of the Norin 10 x Brevor cross in some Mexican cultivars and Mexican derivatives; of Federation and Early Gluyas in the pedigrees of southern/western wheats; and of Gabo in the northern wheats). Some attributes of the Australian cultivars were correlated with the year of release suggesting the progressive development of cultivars that are shorter. earlier to ear emergence and with a high harvest index. 相似文献
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High concentration of reduced iron (Fe2+) in waterlogged acid soils is a constraint for growing wheat in high rainfall (waterlogged-prone) areas of Western Australia.
Growing crop genotypes tolerant to high Fe2+ concentrations may be desirable in such situations, but there is no knowledge about the extent of variability in Fe2+ tolerance in the wheat germplasm. A bioassay for tolerance to high concentrations of iron in wheat was developed and optimised
using Siete Cerros (Fe-tolerant) and BH1146 (Fe-intolerant) as control genotypes and a range of FeSO4 concentrations (36, 313, 625, 1250, 1875, 2500 and 3125 μM Fe2+) in nutrient solution in a controlled-temperature environment. Increasing external concentration of iron decreased both shoot
and root dry weight, increased shoot iron concentration and intensified the development of toxicity symptoms to a greater
degree in intolerant BH1146 as compared to tolerant Siete Cerros. Increased iron supply negatively affected uptake of Ca (r = −0.41) and Mg (r = −0.40). The tolerant genotype Siete Cerros showed an improved avoidance/exclusion of high external concentration of Fe2+ compared with intolerant BH1146. The genotypic discrimination based on relative root dry weight and the development of toxicity
symptoms was most pronounced at 625 μM Fe2+. This concentration was chosen for screening of 20 bread wheat and one durum genotype chosen from a preliminary screening
of 94 Australian wheat genotypes. A relatively narrow but significant variation (22–38%) in terms of relative root dry weight
under Fe2+ toxicity was observed among Australian advanced breeding lines and varieties. The presence of genotypic variation for Fe2+ tolerance across and within the Australian breeding programs could be exploited in a deliberate selection process to enhance
Fe2+ tolerance in wheat. Durum wheat (Arrivato) and several Australian wheat varieties and advanced lines in this study were as
tolerant to Fe2+ toxicity as Siete Cerros, a variety representing common parentage of iron-tolerant genotypes. 相似文献
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Elspeth Young 《Asia Pacific viewpoint》1999,40(2):159-171
Indigenous and non-indigenous concepts of land ownership and use are fundamental elements in Australian debate on the implications of Native Title for development. However these approaches are not necessarily incompatible but can be reconciled. Drawing on evidence from the central Australian rangelands, this paper argues that the adaptations of land use practised by indigenous people, who have converted their land tenure from pastoral leasehold to Aboriginal freehold land, suggest that such reconciliation is possible and practical. Provision of appropriate support tools, such as participatory extension for improved land management, or community land management planning, strengthen the integration of indigenous and non-indigenous land management approaches. Successful integration will be essential for the management of Australia’s rangelands under Native Title. 相似文献
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澳洲野生棉种的子叶棉酚动态及与色素腺体形态的关系 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对斯特提棉、南岱华棉、澳洲棉、纳尔逊氏棉和比克氏棉五个澳洲野生棉种在种子萌发过程中的子叶棉酚含量进行了测定和分析。结果表明,五个澳洲野生棉种子叶中的棉酚积累过程与无色素腺体陆地棉品种基本相似,其休眠种子和萌发２４ｈ以内的子叶均检测不到棉酚,为典型的低酚棉类型。当种子萌发４８ｈ以后,其子叶开始出现棉酚,但含量极低;在子叶开始出现棉酚１～２ｄ后,棉酚含量开始迅速增加,到种子萌发第９ｄ达到最大值。此外,讨论了澳洲野生棉种的子叶色素腺体延缓形成的组织结构与棉酚积累的关系,以及该性状的遗传调控机理等。 相似文献
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以澳大利亚特优观赏植物为研究对象,在贵州省植物园内进行种子繁殖试验研究,对12种澳大利亚特优观赏植物的种子特征、幼苗形态和种苗繁育进行了详细的记录和总结。由于两地气候的相似性,本次试验取得了较大的成果,为远距离的植物引种保育和开发利用提供了希望。 相似文献
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Transpiration Sensitivity to Evaporative Demand Across 120 Years of Breeding of Australian Wheat Cultivars 
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下载免费PDF全文 R. Schoppach D. Fleury T. R. Sinclair W. Sadok 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2017,203(3):219-226
Historically, wheat yields in drought‐prone Australian environments have been consistently increasing for over a century. There is currently an agreement that approximately half of that increase is attributable to breeding programmes, but their physiological basis remains poorly documented. In this investigation, we hypothesized that limited whole‐plant transpiration rate (TR) under high atmospheric vapour pressure deficit (VPD) could result in advantageous water conservation and crop yield increase under south Australian conditions. Therefore, TR response to VPD was measured in the 0.9–3.2 kPa range for a group of 23 wheat cultivars that were released from 1890 to 2008. Consistent with a water‐conservation hypothesis, all genotypes displayed a VPD break point (BP) in TR with increasing VPD such that TR was limited at VPD above a BP of about 2 kPa. The BP and slope of TR with increasing VPD above the break point were correlated with the year of release, although the changes were in different directions. Such changes in these transpiration parameters were independent of plant leaf area and only marginally correlated with Zadok's stages. These results indicated that selection over 120 years by breeders for yield increase unconsciously resulted in genotype selection for the expression of the limited‐TR trait. 相似文献
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Some parameters for screening drought resistance in barley were examined during various stages of plant development using two contrasting cultivars (local Iraqi cv. Black and Australian cv. Clipper). These parameters include leaf growth, tiller number, relative water content (RWC), proline accumulation and ionic composition. More pronounced drought resistance in Black was expressed by significantly lower reduction in leaf area, cell and tiller numbers compared with Clipper; proline concentration, RWC and ionic (N, P, K) concentration in expanded leaves, on the other hand, did not clearly distinguish the cultivars. Black was particularly drought tolerant at the post-flowering stage. 相似文献