共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 218 毫秒
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我国森林碳库特点与森林碳汇潜力分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
森林生态系统在稳定全球碳循环和缓解全球气候变暖方面发挥着重要的作用,合理发展林业,可以实现固碳增汇,是缓解全球气候变化的重要措施。综述了森林碳库的重要地位、我国森林生态系统碳库特点,分析了通过增加森林面积和提高森林经营水平来增加森林碳汇的潜力。 相似文献
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林火与气候变化研究进展 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
火是全球大多森林生态系统中的一个重要干扰因子, 它对大气中的温室气体和气溶胶的增加有显著影响。林火与气候变化是当前林火研究领域的热点问题。文中综述了气候变化对林火的影响和林火排放物对气候变化的影响。大量研究表明, 气候变化将导致森林火险期延长, 出现潜在极端火行为的天数增多, 森林火灾更加严重, 特别是北方森林火灾增加显著。未来的研究趋势是, 采用卫星遥感数据在大尺度上研究气候变化对林火的影响, 把林火模型与气候模式和全球植被动力学模型耦合, 构建更为复杂的林火排放模型, 以深入揭示林火与气候变化的关系。 相似文献
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北方森林林火发生驱动因子及其变化趋势研究进展 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
北方森林作为气候变化最敏感的陆地生态系统之一,近些年来随着林区气候变暖,林火发生的数量和过火面积都呈显著的增加趋势,因此研究北方森林林火发生驱动因子及其变化趋势对维护其生态系统的稳定具有重要意义。文中主要从北方森林林火发生的主要控制因子和未来气候变暖条件下林火发生的预测方法及变化趋势进行综述。研究结果表明,林火的驱动因子既包括在大尺度上气候的作用,也包含植被、地形、可燃物和人类活动等局部尺度的影响。近几年来对气候变暖下林火状况趋势预测更倾向综合考虑气候和局部控制因子的作用。对我国而言,需要在更大的区域尺度上开展林火发生预测的研究。研究认为,北方森林林火变化趋势及预测研究的关键问题在于如何在不同空间尺度上确立林火发生的关键控制因子以及完善现有的林火预测方法。 相似文献
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基于全球气候变化谈判的森林碳汇研究 总被引：8，自引：2，他引：8
为进一步了解森林生态系统的碳汇功能和国际气候谈判,通过查阅资料,对全球气候变化以及CO2的温室效应、气候谈判的现状、实质以及主要发达国家温室气体的减排动态进行了简单的总结.就森林生态系统的碳汇潜力,碳汇作用的非持久性问题进行了探讨.综述了不同时期森林生态系统碳汇研究的成果以及国际森林碳汇项目的动态.分析了森林碳汇项目实施过程中存在的主要问题,并提出我国在国际气候谈判、温室气体减排和造林、再造林等林业碳汇项目中应采取积极立场和应对措施. 相似文献
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森林生态系统是人类社会赖以生存的重要生态系统类型。然而,人类活动所引起的温室效应及其造成的全球气候变化对森林生态系统的负面影响正越来越引起全世界的关注。文中系统地阐述了全球气候变化事件对森林生态系统的植被分布、迁移趋势、适应能力、火灾状况、虫害爆发、木材产量和生物多样性等诸方面所产生的重要影响。另外,森林生态系统在减缓全球气候变化的过程中发挥着极为重要的作用。文中从森林可持续发展的角度系统地分析了应对气候变化应采取的森林可持续发展的相关策略与措施,并建议通过实时监控、及时防治、科学指导、全球合作等手段进一步增强森林生态系统的适应性和减缓全球气候变化的能力。 相似文献
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CO2和其它温室气体浓度的增加,使全球气候发生了急剧变化,影响到森林生态系统的结构和功能。在总结国内外已有研究成果的基础上,就气候变化及CO2浓度的升高对森林植被地理分布和组成结构、森林生产力和碳氮循环,以及极端灾害事件(病虫害和森林火灾)产生的影响进行了阐述,对气候变化与森林生态系统相互作用关系进行了分析与探讨,对今后的研究方向及研究重点进行了展望,以期为气候变化的科学研究和森林生态系统的管理提供借鉴与帮助。 相似文献
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气候变化背景下森林火灾发生规律研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
随着气候变暖加剧,全球森林火灾灾害发生的频率与强度亦随之增加,世界各地森林火灾潜
在的危险将长期存在,严重程度也将大幅增加。森林火灾对森林生态资源和全球气候产生了重大影响,
由于其突发性强、破坏性大、处置救助极为困难,是当今世界最为严重的生态灾害和突发性公共事件之
一。森林火灾发生发展规律是森林火灾预防与扑救的重要依据,加强其规律研究有利于有的放矢地开展
森林防灭火工作。针对气候变化现状及发展态势,结合气候变化背景下国内外森林火灾现状,系统论述
了气候变化对我国森林火灾发生发展规律的影响,主要阐述了气象条件影响森林火灾的发生,气候影响
森林可燃物,气候影响森林火源,气象影响森林火行为,气候决定森林火灾周期以及气候变化对森林火
灾时空分布规律的影响。在全球气候变暖的背景下,从解析我国森林火灾发生规律入手,通过气候变化
背景下我国森林火灾发生规律的研究,客观认识我国和各地区森林火灾发生发展规律,从而为国家和地
方各级政府有效开展森林火灾灾害防治和应急管理工作、切实保障社会经济可持续发展提供科学决策
依据。 相似文献
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IntroductionItissurethatpresentelevatiollsofCO2a11dotllergrcc11-housegasesinducedbyhumanactivitiesaren1akli1gglobalclimategothroughinexperielICedcl1anges(Scl1le-subgerl987).Thecurrentquasi-equilibriulllstatesofbio-sphereecosystCm,esPeciallyterrestrialecosystems,wouldbebrokenbecausetl1estructure,fu11ction,distributio11andtlledynamicsofanyexistedecosystemsareIberesultsoflongtermadaptationofbio-systemtocurrentclin1ate.Theec()systemsdistributedinhighlatitlldeareawouldhavemuchbiggerchai1ge(Bona… 相似文献
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人工林碳储量影响因素 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
人工林在固定大气CO2及减缓全球气候变化中扮演着十分重要的角色, 是实施碳减排计划最主要的媒介之一。人工林的碳汇作用被认为是减缓全球变化的一种可能机制和最有希望的选择而成为全球变化减缓研究的核心内容之一。人工林碳储量受自然条件、人类活动、林分状况等因素的影响。因此, 人工林碳储量动态及过程、人工林碳汇功能与人工林经营与管理、人工林碳汇与碳贸易等是未来全球变化和林业生态工程研究的重点内容。 相似文献
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孢粉、考古及历史文献等资料显示,先秦两汉时期中国北方地区林木分布广泛,种类繁多。春秋以后北方多数地区气温有所波动,树种结构也相应地发生了变化。春秋至东汉时期,东北地区受气候变冷影响,乔木植被中针叶林比率有所增加,落叶阔叶林减少,同时森林分布范围缩小;黄淮海平原地区针、阔叶乔木随气候变化互有消长;黄土高原区未有森林生长,河谷及山地植被以阔叶树种占优的混交林为主。除气候因素外,人类活动也影响着天然植被的变化。受秦汉时期经济、政治、军事等活动的影响,除东北地区天然林木保存较好外,北方其余地区林木破坏较为严重。 相似文献
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This study evaluates the multifactorial spatial modelling used to assess vulnerability of the Du¨ zlerc?am?(Antalya) forest ecosystem to climate change.This was done to produce data,to develop tools to support decisionmaking and the management of vulnerable Mediterranean forest ecosystems affected by climate change,and to increase the ability of these forest ecosystems to adapt to global change.Based on regionally averaged future climate assessments and projected climate indicators,both the study site and the western Mediterranean sub-region of Turkey will probably become associated with a drier,hotter,more continental and more water-deficient climate.This analysis holds true for all future scenarios,with the exception of RCP4.5 for the period from 2015 to 2030.However,the present dry-sub humid climate dominating this sub-region and the study area shows a potential for change towards more dry climatology and for it to become semiarid between 2031 and 2050 according to the RCP8.5 high emission scenario.All the observed and estimated results and assessments summarized in this study show clearly that the densest forest ecosystem in the southern part of the study site,characterized by mainly Mediterranean coniferous and some mixed forest and maquis vegetation,will very likely be influenced by medium and high degrees of vulnerability to future environmental degradation,climate change and variability. 相似文献
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LIN Derong WU Shuirong LI Zhiyong .Research Institute of Forestry Policy Information Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing P.R.China .Economics School Sh ong Institute of Business Technology Yantai P.R.China 《中国林业科技(英文版)》2010,(3):1-9
Forestry and forest ecosystem are highly sensitive to climate change.At present,studies about the responses of forests to climate change in China are more focused on physical influences of climate change.This paper firstly divided the key impact factors of climate change on forest and forestry developing into direct factors and indirect factors,and then made an assessment on climate change affecting future forestry development from the aspect of forest products and ecological services.On this basis,the adap... 相似文献
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Modeling climate change effects on the potential production of French plains forests at the sub-regional level 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Loustau D Bosc A Colin A Ogée J Davi H François C Dufrêne E Déqué M Cloppet E Arrouays D Le Bas C Saby N Pignard G Hamza N Granier A Bréda N Ciais P Viovy N Delage F 《Tree physiology》2005,25(7):813-823
We modeled the effects of climate change and two forest management scenarios on wood production and forest carbon balance in French forests using process-based models of forest growth. We combined data from the national forest inventory and soil network survey, which were aggregated over a 50 x 50-km grid, i.e., the spatial resolution of the climate scenario data. We predicted and analyzed the climate impact on potential forest production over the period 1960-2100. All models predicted a slight increase in potential forest yield until 2030-2050, followed by a plateau or a decline around 2070-2100, with overall, a greater increase in yield in northern France than in the south. Gross and net primary productivities were more negatively affected by soil water and atmospheric water vapor saturation deficits in western France because of a more pronounced shift in seasonal rainfall from summer to winter. The rotation-averaged values of carbon flux and production for different forest management options were estimated during four years (1980, 2015, 2045 and 2080). Predictions were made using a two-dimensional matrix covering the range of local soil and climate conditions. The changes in ecosystem fluxes and forest production were explained by the counterbalancing effect of rising CO2 concentration and increasing water deficit. The effect of climate change decreased with rotation length from short rotations with high production rates and low standing biomasses to long rotations with low productivities and greater standing biomasses. Climate effects on productivity, both negative and positive, were greatest on high fertility sites. Forest productivity in northern France was enhanced by climate change, increasingly from west to east, whereas in the southwestern Atlantic region, productivity was reduced by climate change to an increasing degree from west to east. 相似文献
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The market mechanism for forest ecosystem service has already become common knowledge among countries in the international movement to address global climate change.In this paper,international experiences of forest ecosystem market such as better understanding of concept,public participation, sound trading rules and measurement standards are analyzed,and its implication for China is also summarized.Finally,the prospects of forest ecosystem service market in China are discussed.The purpose of this paper i... 相似文献
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Latitudinal shifts in tree species distributions are a potential impact of climate change on forest ecosystems. It has been hypothesized that some tree species may become extirpated as climate change effects may exceed their migration ability. The goal of this study was to compare tree species compositions in northern urban areas to tree compositions in forestland areas in the eastern U.S. as an indicator of the potential for urban trees to facilitate future forest tree species migration. Results indicated that a number of tree species native to eastern U.S. forests of southern latitudes are currently present in northern urban forests. The biomass density (Mg/ha) of urban tree species is typically less than half of forestland densities with the majority of urban tree species found in nearby (<100 km) forestland. Urban tree propagation is often facilitated by humans, whereas the necessary pollinators and agents of tree seed dispersal in forestlands may be lacking regardless of climate change. It is suggested that urban areas may serve divergent, dual roles as both a native tree seed source and refuge for a limited number of forestland tree species, but also a facilitator of non-native tree invasion. 相似文献