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1.
水稻-油菜轮作模式下秸秆还田替代钾肥的效应   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  
【目的】研究稻-油轮作条件下秸秆还田配施钾肥对水稻和冬油菜产量、 地上部钾素累积量、 钾肥利用率以及土壤钾素含量的影响,明确长期秸秆还田替代钾肥的效果,为秸秆还田下稻-油轮作中钾肥的合理施用提供科学依据。【方法】2011~2014年在湖北省粮油主产区-江汉平原选择土壤供钾能力较高的农田,布置水稻-冬油菜轮作定位试验。试验共设7个处理,分别为: 1)CK(-K); 2)+K; 3)+S; 4)S+1/4K; 5)S+1/2K; 6)S+3/4K和7)S+K。其中K和S分别表示钾肥和还田秸秆,K2O用量为90 kg/hm2。【结果】 1)与不施钾(-K)相比,施用钾肥和秸秆还田均不同程度地增加了水稻和冬油菜年均产量和钾素吸收量,尤以秸秆还田配施钾肥处理(S+K)的水稻和冬油菜产量和地上部钾素吸收量最高,与对照(-K)相比增产率分别为12.8%和19.1%; 地上部钾素(K2O)累积吸收量增幅分别达到35.7%和79.3%。2)在当前推荐钾肥用量条件下,秸秆还田对水稻和冬油菜的钾肥吸收利用率没有显著影响,但均使两种作物的钾素吸收利用率显著降低。与秸秆不还田相比,秸秆还田后水稻季的钾肥与钾素农学利用率明显降低,而冬油菜季则分别显著提高与持平; 秸秆还田后,水稻季的钾素农学利用率显著降低,而冬油菜季则持平。3)通过对秸秆还田条件下钾肥用量与增产率、 地上部吸钾量增幅的相关分析得出秸秆还田后当前的推荐钾肥用量偏高。根据肥效模型并结合实际产量和农田钾素养分平衡拟合得出,水稻和冬油菜的年均适宜钾肥用量分别为52.0和61.9 kg/hm2,比推荐用量可分别减少42.2%和31.2%。【结论】在土壤钾素含量较高的情况下,稻-油轮作区开展连续秸秆还田不仅能够降低钾肥投入量,获得较高的粮油经济产量,还可以提高土壤有效钾含量并维持农田系统养分平衡以及秸秆钾素资源的良性循环。  相似文献   

2.
采用大田试验研究稻草、稻草灰、硅钙钾肥、枸溶性钾肥和氯化钾肥5种含钾物料对冬油菜产量及钾素吸收的影响。结果显示,在施钾(K_2O)120 kg/hm~2时,各含钾物料的施用均可显著增加冬油菜产量和钾素累积量,与不施钾对照相比,含钾物料处理的油菜增产率为14.5%~34.9%,地上部钾素(K)总累积量增幅为71.8%~143.0%。不同含钾物料的施用效果不同,以枸溶性钾肥效果最好,其次是稻草灰和氯化钾肥。5种含钾物料的钾素表观利用率以枸溶性钾肥、稻草灰和氯化钾处理较高,其显著高于硅钙钾肥和稻草处理。各含钾物料的施用对土壤钾素供应的影响不同,油菜收获后的土壤速效钾含量以氯化钾肥和稻草灰较高,土壤缓效钾含量则以枸溶性钾肥处理最高,均显著高于其他处理。综合结果表明,在等量钾肥投入下,稻草灰和枸溶性钾肥表现出与氯化钾肥相同的施用效果。  相似文献   

3.
通过5年定位试验（2008~2012年）, 研究不同钾肥施用量对水稻产量、植株钾素含量、钾素积累量、钾肥利用率、土壤钾素含量、钾素平衡和钾肥经济效益的影响。试验施钾量（K2O）从低到高设K0（不施钾）、K1（早稻84 kg/hm2、晚稻105 kg/hm2）、K2（早稻120kg/hm2、晚稻 150 kg/hm2）、K3（早稻156kg/hm2、晚稻195 kg/hm2）和K4（早稻192kg/hm2、晚稻 240kg/hm2）5个处理。5年的试验结果表明, 施钾能显著提高早、晚稻产量,在一定施钾量范围内,水稻产量随施钾量的增加而增加;施钾能促进水稻植株对钾素的吸收和积累,尤其是稻草对钾素的吸收和积累;早、晚稻的钾肥农学效应均以K2处理最高（早稻3.12 kg/kg、晚稻3.70 kg/kg）;钾肥利用率以K1处理最高（早稻41.2%、晚稻76.4%）,并随施钾量提高而降低;不同施钾量对土壤钾素含量有明显影响,土壤速效钾、缓效钾和土壤全钾均随施钾量的增加而增加,且不同处理间土壤速效钾含量差异达极显著水平（P＜0.01）;连续种植5年10季水稻后,K0、K1和K2处理的土壤钾素亏缺（K 127.1kg/hm2、 58.3kg/hm2和10.8kg/hm2）,亏缺量随施钾量的增加而降低; K3和K4处理的土壤钾素盈余（48.0 kg/hm2 和109.2kg/hm2）,盈余量随施钾量的增加而增加。在经济效益上,早、晚稻产投比均以K2处理最高（早稻1.04、晚稻1.27）。综合考虑施钾的增产效应、经济效益和土壤钾素养分平衡等因素,建议该双季稻区早稻施钾量在K2O 120~156 kg/hm2、晚稻施钾量在K2O 150~195kg/hm2范围内较为适宜。  相似文献   

4.
Optimal potassium (K) fertilization is beneficial for oilseed‐rape (Brassica napus L.) yield and quality. However, the discrepancy between the high K demand of winter oilseed rape and low soil fertility and insufficient potassium input has limited the sustainable development of oilseed‐rape production. A series of on‐farm experiments in the key winter oilseed‐rape domains of China was conducted from 2004 to 2010 to evaluate K‐fertilizer management for winter oilseed rape. Currently, the average NH4OAc‐extractable K content in the 0–20 cm soil layer is 89.1 mg kg–1 indicative of “slight deficiency”. In addition, farmers in China usually fail to use sufficient K fertilizer in oilseed‐rape production, the average mineral‐potassium‐fertilizer input in 2010 being only 35 kg K ha–1, far lower than the recommended rate of potassium for winter oilseed rape. Adequate potassium fertilization significantly raises seed yield. The average yield‐increase rate for the major production regions due to K‐fertilizer application was 18.5%, and the average K fertilizer–use efficiency 36.1%. Based on the negative correlation between yield response to potassium fertilization and available soil K content, a soil‐K‐test index was established for winter oilseed rape with a threshold value for NH4OAc‐extractable soil K of 135 mg kg–1. When available soil K‐content is below this threshold value, more K fertilizer should be applied to achieve high seed yield and to increase soil fertility. The major challenge for K‐fertilizer management in winter oilseed‐rape production in China will be to guide farmers in the different regions in making reasonable use of K fertilizer through soil K‐testing technology in order to maintain both seed yield and soil fertility.  相似文献   

5.
在山西石灰性褐土一年一作条件下,通过16年的田间定位试验,研究了长期施钾和秸秆还田对小麦产量和土壤钾素平衡的影响。结果表明,只施用氮、磷肥,冬小麦年平均产量5.5 t/hm2,土壤钾素养分严重亏缺,年平均亏缺104.3 kg/hm2,与试验前的初始值比较,土壤速效钾和缓效钾含量分别下降23.6%和14.3%。在施用氮、磷肥的基础上每年施用钾肥(K2O 150 kg/hm2),平均增产10.2%以上;小麦秸秆还田平均增产6.6%以上,二者配合平均增产17.6%,年平均吸钾量提高32.0 kg/hm2。与试验初始值比较,土壤速效钾、缓效钾分别提高38.6%和11.0%。在施用氮、磷肥的基础上,长期施用钾肥和秸秆还田在显著增加冬小麦的经济产量、生物产量和吸钾量的同时,也减少年度间因气候因素等影响引起的产量变异,提高年度间产量和植物吸钾量的稳定性。  相似文献   

6.
孙浩燕  张洋洋  任涛  薛欣欣  丛日环 《土壤》2014,46(4):669-673
通过盆栽试验研究了不同形态钾肥的施用对连续3季作物(油菜、油菜、水稻)生物量、钾素(K2O)吸收量、作物-土壤系统钾素平衡以及土壤速效钾和缓效钾含量的影响。研究结果表明,不同形态钾肥施用后,枸溶性钾硅肥(K枸)与水溶性钾肥(K水)效果一致,与不施钾相比,3季作物生物量都显著增加,钾素总吸收量增加155%,钾素平衡系数为0.79,钾素的供应缓解了土壤钾素亏缺,利于维持土壤钾素平衡;而粉碎性钾矿粉(K矿)钾素不能被作物充分吸收利用,增产效果不显著。第一季油菜收获后K枸、K水处理土壤速效钾、缓效钾含量显著高于K0、K矿,但随着作物的收获各处理间差异逐渐变小,最终趋于一致。枸溶性钾硅肥和水溶性钾肥均能补充土壤的有效钾素,缓解土壤钾素的消耗,维持土壤钾素肥力水平的稳定,有利于作物增产。  相似文献   

7.
不同耕作与施肥方式下白土水稻产量及养分吸收量   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  
通过定位试验,研究白土上不同耕作措施及有机肥施用对水稻产量、 养分吸收量及土壤理化性状的影响。试验设置2个翻耕深度（10 cm和20 cm）与4种施肥模式（单施化肥、 化肥+畜禽粪、 化肥+秸秆、 化肥+绿肥）。结果表明,单施化肥时,翻耕20 cm处理两年的平均产量较翻耕10 cm处理减产7.6%; 而在翻耕20 cm的基础上,秸秆还田或施用畜禽粪、 绿肥则可以显著提高水稻产量,较单施化肥分别增产14.8%、 16.1% 和14.6%。水稻养分吸收量也表现出相同规律,在翻耕20 cm后补充有机肥能显著增加植株对氮、 磷、 钾的吸收。同时,翻耕 20 cm结合秸秆还田或施用畜禽粪、 绿肥处理的土壤有机质、 全氮、 碱解氮、 速效磷和速效钾含量均高于单施化肥处理。在白土稻田上,翻耕20 cm后增施有机肥有利于提高水稻产量,促进养分吸收,改善白土耕层土壤理化性状,是适合白土区大力推广的施肥模式。  相似文献   

8.
In order to investigate the effects of straw return on potassium (K) fertilizer application rate and time in the rice–wheat rotation, field experiments were conducted at three sites. The results showed that when the K rate was decreased to 70% of the recommended K dosage, crop yields showed no significant decrease. With K fertilization only at rice phase, crop yields showed no marked difference compared with that provided K fertilizer both at wheat and rice seasons. Though the NH4OAc-extracted K and HNO3-extracted K differed slightly among the treatments, the soil apparent K balance was negative without K fertilization. With crop straw fully incorporated, the recommended K dosage could be at least reduced by 30% at the experimental sites and the K fertilizer could be applied only at rice phase. A further hypothesis can be made that the best K rate was the amount of K took away by crop grain. In the long run, straw return combined with K fertilization would be an effective method to maintain soil K fertility and productivity.  相似文献   

9.
长期施肥下潮土速效钾含量与钾素投入水平关系   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  
以郑州潮土肥力与肥料效益长期试验为基础,分析了长期施肥条件下土壤速效钾含量演变特征及其与钾素投入量的关系。结果表明,在不施钾肥条件下,土壤速效钾含量先逐年下降,810年后稳定在60 mg/kg左右; 施用钾肥和有机肥均可以显著提高土壤速效钾含量; 土壤速效钾含量与钾素投入量之间具有显著的正相关关系。单施化肥的NPK处理每投入钾1 kg/hm2,土壤速效钾含量增加0.007 mg/kg; 而化肥配施有机肥或玉米秸秆处理每投入钾1 kg/hm2,土壤速效钾含量分别增加0.025和0.014 mg/kg。从提升土壤钾素供应能力的角度而言,化肥配合施用有机肥或秸秆还田是值得推广的培肥措施。  相似文献   

10.
通过在宁夏灌淤土区长达14年的连续施钾和小麦秸秆还田试验, 研究钾素投入对作物产量、养分和土壤钾素状况的影响.结果表明:小麦秸秆还田和长期施用钾肥均可不同程度提高小麦和玉米的经济产量, 其中施钾年平均增产小麦244 kg·hm-2, 玉米397 kg·hm-2, 处理之间产量表现为氮磷钾肥配合秸秆还田>施用氮磷钾肥>氮磷肥配合秸秆还田>只施用氮磷肥.定位后8～10年施钾肥开始显著有效, 玉米显效时间早于小麦;秸秆还田和钾肥的投入均可提高籽粒和秸秆的钾素吸收量, 秸秆含钾丰富, 籽粒钾含量仅占植株钾总量的13%～17%;施用钾肥可提高作物籽粒大中微量元素含量而降低秸秆中、微量元素含量, 促进籽粒对大部分元素的吸收;长期不施钾肥处理(NP和NP+St)0～20 cm土层土壤速效钾和缓效钾含量较定位开始时下降; 所有处理土壤全钾含量均表现下降, 下降幅度为0.8～1.2 g·kg-1.  相似文献   

11.
通过盆栽试验研究了5种钾肥[粉碎性钾矿粉(K1)、全部枸溶性钾肥(K2)、含25%水溶性钾的枸溶性钾肥(K3)、含50%水溶性钾的枸溶性钾肥(K4)和硫酸钾(K5),施钾量均为K2O 150 mg/kg]及其施用量(0.5K2、K2、1.5K2和2K2,施钾量分别为K2O 75、150、225和300 mg/kg)和配施(0.5K2+0.5K5)对水稻产量、钾素吸收量以及土壤速效钾含量的影响。研究结果表明,与不施钾相比,施钾肥处理(除K1外)均显著提高水稻产量、钾素吸收量以及土壤速效钾含量。在相同施钾量下,随着肥料水溶性钾比例的增加,水稻产量、钾素吸收量以及土壤速效钾含量表现为先上升后下降的趋势,其中水稻产量、钾素吸收量以及土壤速效钾含量以K4(分别为240.90 g/盆、2.60 g/盆、75.4 mg/kg)和K3(分别为234.86 g/盆、2.24 g/盆、73.9 mg/kg)处理最高。与水溶性钾肥(K5)处理相比,K4和K3处理均显著提高了水稻产量、钾素吸收量和土壤速效钾含量,分别提高了9.35%和6.61%、40.43%和21.26%、22.01%和19.58%(P0.05)。水稻产量、钾素吸收量及土壤速效钾含量随同一种枸溶性钾肥(K2)施用量的增加而增加,以2K2最高。综合结果表明,在相同施钾量下,含25%~50%水溶性钾的枸溶性钾肥(K4和K3)对水稻的增产效果最佳,而全部枸溶性钾肥在2倍施钾量下可获得相同增产效果。  相似文献   

12.
An increasing area of oilseed rape cultivation in Europe is used to produce biodiesel. However, a large amount of straw residue is often left in the field in autumn. Straw mineralization provides both carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) sources for emission of soil nitrous oxide (N2O), which is an important greenhouse gas with a high warming potential. Some studies have focused on soil N2O emissions immediately post-harvest; however, straw mineralization could possibly last over winter. Most field studies in winter have focused on freeze-thaw cycles. It is still not clear how straw mineralization affects soil N2O emissions in unfrozen wintertime conditions. We carried out a field experiment in northern Germany in winter 2014, adding straw and glucose as a source of C with three rates of N fertilizer (0, 30, and 60 kg N ha−1). During the 26 days of observation, cumulative N2O emission in treatments without C addition was negative at all N fertilizer levels. Straw addition produced –3.2, 11.2, and 5.0 mg N2O-N m−2 at 0, 30, and 60 kg N ha−1, respectively. Addition of glucose surprisingly caused –1.5, 74.6, and 165 mg N2O–N m−2 at 0, 30, and 60 kg N ha−1, respectively. This study demonstrates that oilseed rape straw does not cause high N2O emissions in wintertime when no extreme precipitation or freeze-thaw cycles are involved, and soil organic C content is low. However, N2O emission could be intensively stimulated, when both easily available organic C and nitrate are not limited and the soil temperature between 0 and 10°C. These results provide useful information on potential changes to N2O emissions that may occur due to the increased use of oilseed rape for biodiesel combined with less severe winters in the northern hemisphere driven by global warming.  相似文献   

13.
Rice straw contains up to 2.3% K in dry matter, including potassium (K) subcompartmented in phytoliths, complex siliceous structures formed in plant tissue via precipitation of Si. Rice straw is usually returned to the soil as a conventional practice to sustain soil nutrients, and therefore, the K pool accompanied with rice straw phytoliths is also cycled. Based on phytoliths obtained by ashing of rice straw at 400 °C and dissolution experiments using batch extraction in combination with physical separation of phytoliths by heavy liquid, this study evaluated the phytolith K(phytK) pool in rice straw and aged phytoliths in paddy soils. Entrapped organic matter containing K within phytolith silica cells was visualized by X-ray tomographic microscopy, and releases of this phytK pool accompanying phytolith dissolution were quantified. A 1% Na2CO3 solution, which has been commonly used to extract amorphous Si and to quantify soil phytoliths, showed obvious responses for K derived from phytolith dissolution, indicating that the Na2CO3 method can be developed for measurement of phytK. In 13 soil samples, Na2CO3-dissolvable K content assignable to phytK was 0.55 ± 0.39 g kg?1 in the puddled horizon, suggesting the phytK pool is of high significance for the management of K in paddy soils.  相似文献   

14.
Potassium (K) is one of the major mineral elements required for normal growth of cotton. However, understanding the effect of controlled‐release K fertilizer on leaf photosynthesis and K use efficiency (KUE) of cotton is currently limited. A two‐year pot experiment was consecutively conducted in 2014 and 2015 with three kinds of K fertilizer including K2SO4, KCl, and polymer‐coated KCl (CRK), each at four application rates (0.00, 0.86, 1.73, and 2.59 g K plant−1, respectively). For each type of K fertilizer, the yield and K uptake of cotton increased but the KUE decreased with higher K fertilizer application. The release characteristics of K from CRK corresponded well to the K requirements during cotton growth. Plant‐available soil K, as well as leaf SPAD values, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), maximal photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), and effective quantum yield of photosystem II (ΦPSII) in CRK treatments were increased after full bloom stage compared to conventional K fertilizers under the same potassium application rate. Consequently, the CRK treatments significantly increased lint cotton yields by 8.1–32.7% and 3.7–20.8%, while the KUE increased by 15.5–54.8% and 14.5–45.4% compared to KCl and K2SO4 treatments, respectively. The results indicate that the application of CRK is intensively recommended to replace conventional potassium fertilizers for gaining greater yields and higher KUE of cotton.  相似文献   

15.
Knowledge of K-dynamics in soils can help devise practices for efficient K management in intensive rice-wheat systems. We studied the effect of long-term application of rice straw, farmyard manure (FYM) and inorganic fertilizer on total K and its distribution among different forms in 60-cm soil profile after 14 years of rice-wheat cropping. The exchangeable, the non-exchangeable and the lattice K respectively comprised 1%, 3–10% and 89–95% of total K in surface soil under different treatments. Application of rice straw and FYM positively impacted total K status of soil and its distribution among different forms. The greatest concentrations of total K, lattice K, exchangeable K and NH4OAc-extractable K were observed in plots receiving both rice straw and FYM together and the lowest in inorganic fertilizer treated plots. On the contrary, the non-exchangeable K was the highest in inorganically fertilized plots and the lowest in rice straw amended plots. The exchangeable, the water soluble and the NH4OAc-extractable K decreased with soil depth and did not indicate K movement beyond the rooting zone of the crops. The results showed that incorporation of rice residue in soil, instead of burning, besides reducing environmental pollution led to improved K-fertility of soils.  相似文献   

16.
Apparent utilization of zinc (Zn) and potassium (K) fertilizers was examined in rice (Oryza sativa L.)-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using combinations of no K; soil applied K levels and no Zn; soil and foliar applied Zn. Application of 33.2 kg K ha?1 in rice and 24.9 kg K ha?1 in wheat along with foliar spray of 2 kg Zn ha?1 at 30 and 60 days gave the highest mean grain yields. Foliar application of zinc increased Zn concentration in flag leaves, grain, and straw of rice and wheat and K concentration in flag leaves of rice and straw of wheat significantly. Potassium application increased Zn concentration in rice grain and straw and K concentration in wheat straw significantly. Zinc and K increased the uptake of each other in grain; straw and total uptake by both crops significantly. Zinc fertilizer enhanced the utilization of soil K. Potassium fertilizer enhanced the utilization of applied Zn.  相似文献   

17.
长期稻草还田对紫色水稻土肥力和生产力的影响   总被引：39，自引：5，他引：39  
通过8年淹水条件下一季中稻的田间定位试验,研究了长期稻草还田以及稻草与不同化肥配合施用对紫色水稻土生产力和土壤肥力的影响。结果表明,稻草与N、P、K化肥配合施用能维持或提高紫色水稻土的生产力和土壤肥力;水稻获得了持续高产,土壤有机质和全氮含量提高,土壤磷的有效性增加,速效钾与试验前基本平衡。纯化肥处理尤其是N、NP、NK处理水稻产量、土壤氮和钾含量逐年降低,不能维持系统生产力和土壤肥力。稻草还田对翌年水稻具有显著的增产作用,8年平均稻草还田处理比对照增产39.5%,稻草的增产作用还随着稻草还田时间的延长而逐年升高。稻草还田携入的钾与化学钾肥具有相同的营养功效,稻草可替代部分化学钾肥。  相似文献   

18.
麦秆还田下钾肥减量对水稻产量及钾肥利用率的影响   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  
我国土壤缺钾程度日益加重,作物秸秆中钾素含量较高,还田后可替代部分化学钾肥,缓解土壤钾素不足。为研究秸秆还田替代钾肥的效果,本文采用田间试验方法,以常规施钾[135 kg(K2O)·hm~(-2)]处理为对照,研究了在秸秆粉碎翻压还田(6 000 kg·hm~(-2))条件下钾肥减量10%、20%、30%和40%对水稻钾素吸收累积量、水稻产量、钾肥偏生产力及经济效益的影响。结果表明:在秸秆还田的基础上,水稻植株的钾素含量和累积量随着钾肥施入量的减少而降低。钾肥施用量减少10%~40%,水稻有效穗数、每穗粒数和结实率略有降低,水稻产量和产值有所下降,钾肥减量10%、20%和30%时,对水稻产量和产值的影响不显著(P0.05)。钾肥偏生产力随着钾肥施用量的减少而提高,钾肥减量10%、20%、30%和40%处理的水稻钾肥偏生产力比不减钾处理分别提高8.4%、18.9%、33.8%和44.4%。总体而言,在常规施钾条件下,秸秆还田后随着减钾量(10%~40%)的增加,水稻钾素累积量、产量和产值均呈下降趋势,而钾肥偏生产力呈增加趋势;减钾30%以内可显著提高水稻钾肥偏生产力(P0.05),对水稻产量及产值的影响不显著(P0.05)。  相似文献   

19.
为了研究我国华北平原低肥力土壤条件下秸秆还田和施钾肥对作物产量和钾素平衡的影响,于2008年10月～2011年10月在中国农业科学院高新技术园区国家测土施肥中心实验室试验基地（河北省廊坊市）,通过3年6季的定位试验,比较了施钾与秸秆还田的增产效应、钾素吸收利用和作物土壤系统的钾素平衡状况。结果表明:在氮、磷肥充足的情况下,施用钾肥（NPK）、秸秆还田（NP+St）和秸秆还田配施钾肥（NPK+St）,均有明显的增产效应,表现为NPK+StNPKNP+StNP;不同施钾措施在夏玉米上的增产效果优于冬小麦;同一作物秸秆还田结合施钾肥的增产效果最好,降低了年度间的产量变异系数,在获得高产的同时,年际间产量稳定,有利于稳产;施钾肥和秸秆还田可显著提高小麦和玉米的钾素吸收总量; NPK+St、NPK、NP+St处理的钾素表观平衡系数分别为1.26,0.42,0.92。秸秆还田和施钾肥有利于钾素的收支平衡,减轻作物对土壤钾素的消耗,缓解土壤钾素肥力下降的程度,可维持土壤钾素肥力的稳定。  相似文献   

20.
Inorganic fertilizer-based nutrient management is the maintenance of soil fertility for sustaining increased crop productivity, but often at the cost of degrading soil health. This study was conducted to determine whether incorporation of organics in the conventional inorganic-based nutrient management practice on aromatic rice could sustain both fertility and soil organic carbon status on a silt loam Aeric Haplaquept. Addition of organic manure along with inorganic fertilizer could almost maintain organic carbon status of soil, while the treatment only with inorganic fertilizer registered a substantial decrease (6.58%) from its initial value. Among the treatment combinations, the treatment receiving 1 t ha?1 mustard cake and inorganic fertilizer @ N40P20K20 was the best, which registered the highest grain (3.01 t ha?1) and straw (5.32 t ha?1) yield of rice, highest nutrient uptake, and least decline in available N, P, and K status of soil. However, even the best treatment combination also was proved to be suboptimal in sustaining soil fertility.  相似文献   

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