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1.
综述了近几年来β-内酰胺类药物在动物源食品中残留分析方法的研究,重点介绍了三种常用的检测方法：微生物测定法、仪器分析法和免疫分析法。 相似文献
2.
检测食品及饲料中有害物质的方法很多,但大多数需要昂贵的仪器设备,且操作繁琐成本较高。酶联免疫吸附分析法是固相吸附技术和免疫酶技术相结合的一种方法,具有操作简便和快速准确等特点,可用于检测食品及饲料中微生物、毒素、农药残留、重金属污染及转基因产品等。 相似文献
3.
药物残留危害着消费者健康。随着人民生活水平的提高,近年来畜产品中药物残留问题日益受到重视。青霉素类药物残留的分析方法主要包括高效液相色谱法、免疫分析法和微生物测定法,其中高效液相色谱法灵敏、高效,但需要特殊的检测仪器;微生物测定法简便,但灵敏度不高;免疫分析法是将抗原抗体反应与灵敏的检测系统结合而成的一种简便、快速、敏感的分析方法,具有广阔的应用前景。 相似文献
4.
对现代分析技术在蜂蜜质量检测中的应用情况进行了综述。运用现代分析方法 ,如色谱分析法、光谱分析法、电化学分析法、质谱分析法等可测定蜂蜜中一些非常规成分 (酶类、黄酮类、芳香性成分、微量元素等 ) ,可检测农药、抗生素等有害物质残留 ,鉴别真假蜂蜜。这些方法具有操作简便、分析速度快、灵敏度高、检出限量低、选择性好等特点。 相似文献
5.
氟喹诺酮类药物（FQNs）在动物源性食品中导致人体内病原体的耐药性。FQNs兽药残留分析方法包括微生物法、免疫分析法、色谱分析法。我国对FQNs残留检测的研究还处于初级阶段,应在以后的科研中努力研发更现代化的检测技术。 相似文献
6.
1牛妊娠1.1血浆和乳汁孕酮测定法牛受精后血浆和乳汁孕酮含量升高,而且在长时间内保持稳定的水平,因此可以根据孕酮含量的变化进行早期妊娠诊断。测定孕酮现在多采用放射免疫分析法,但该法技术要求都比较高,而且还需要一定的仪器设备。酶联免疫分析可以替代放射免疫分析法用来测定乳孕 相似文献
7.
尼卡巴嗪(nicarbazin,NIC)是一类由4,4’-二硝基苯脲(4,4-dinitrocarbanilide,DNC)和2-羟基-4,6-二甲基嘧啶(2-hydroxyl-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine,HDP)组成的等分子复合物,其中DNC为其残留标志物。NIC因安全高效被广泛应用于鸡和火鸡等禽类球虫病防治。近年来,NIC残留问题高发,严重威胁动物源性食品安全和消费者生命健康安全。目前,针对禽类产品和饲料中NIC分析方法主要包括仪器分析方法和免疫分析方法两大类。其中,仪器分析方法作为确证方法,具有高特异性、高灵敏度、结果可靠的优点,主要包括高效液相色谱法(high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC)和液相色谱-串联质谱法(liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,LC-MS/MS)等。免疫分析方法是NIC快速检测方法的主流技术,具有速度快、成本低、实用性强的优点,主要包括酶联免疫检测法(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)、免疫层析方法(immunochromatography,IC)、表面等离子体共振(surface plasmon resonance,SPR)、荧光免疫检测法(fluorescent immunoassay,FIA)和流式细胞术(flow cytometry,FCM)等。笔者综述了近40年来国内外禽类产品和饲料中NIC的检测分析方法,以期为NIC残留监控提供理论和实践指导依据。 相似文献
8.
通过探讨外源钙(Ca 2+)、钾(K +)对重金属镉(Cd) (0~25 mg/kg)胁迫下延胡索幼苗的缓解作用,为延胡索经济高效优质高产的栽培模式提供理论依据和实践指导。以大叶延胡索为材料,采用土培法,研究外源Ca 2+、K +处理对不同浓度Cd胁迫下延胡索幼苗株高、生物量、生理特征、重金属含量及药用品质的变化。结果表明,各浓度Cd胁迫下外源Ca 2+、K +处理的最适缓解浓度分别为100和200 mg/kg,在该浓度下Ca 2+、K +能明显缓解Cd对延胡索幼苗的抑制作用。在低浓度Cd胁迫下,添加最适浓度的外源Ca 2+处理后幼苗可溶性糖、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性相比未添加外源Ca 2+处理的对照组升高,而丙二醛(MDA)含量低于对照。添加最适浓度的外源K +处理后幼苗上述各指标无明显变化。高浓度Cd胁迫下,添加最适浓度的外源Ca 2+处理后幼苗可溶性糖、SOD、POD和CAT活性显著高于对照,MDA含量显著降低。在各浓度Cd胁迫下,添加最适浓度的外源Ca 2+、K +处理后幼苗根部细胞微核率降低,从而缓解了Cd对延胡索幼苗的毒害。因此,在Cd胁迫(尤其是25 mg/kg浓度Cd胁迫)下,外源Ca 2+、K +通过提高延胡索幼苗的抗氧化能力来缓解Cd对幼苗毒害和细胞染色体损伤。此外,外源Ca 2+、K +影响Cd胁迫下延胡索幼苗地上及地下部分Cd的积累,其影响机制比较复杂。25 mg/kg Cd胁迫下添加Ca 2+能够显著改善延胡索的药用品质,延胡索乙素比25 mg/kg Cd胁迫下增加了27.52%。在Cd污染的土壤上种植延胡索,可加入适量的外源Ca 2+通过改变延胡索幼苗的抗氧化酶活性等方式达到缓解Cd毒害,降低块茎中Cd含量,改善药用品质。 相似文献
9.
半抗原的设计与合成是免疫分析方法的关键。本文介绍了硫代磷酸酯类有机磷药物半抗原的设计路线与合成方法,总结了各种免疫分析方法(如酶联免疫法、偏振荧光免疫法、胶体金免疫层析法和免疫传感器)在硫代磷酸酯类有机磷药物残留检测中的应用,并对未来免疫分析法的发展方向进行了展望。 相似文献
10.
兽药及饲料添加剂造成动物性食品的药物残留污染已经构成对人类健康的潜在危险,因此,动物性食品中兽药残留监测工作日益受到食品安全工作者的重视。兽药类药物残留分析是复杂的混合物痕量分析技术。最初,残留分析仅限于化学分析法、比色法和微生物法。化学分析法和比色法缺乏专一性和 相似文献
11.
In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection. 相似文献
13.
In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario. Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously. 相似文献
15.
In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium. 相似文献
16.
In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada. 相似文献
17.
In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%). 相似文献
18.
In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated. Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively. 相似文献
19.
In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%). 相似文献
20.
In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%). Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada. 相似文献
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